
AD10235
–10– Rev Pr. A
APPLICATION NOTES
THEORY OF OPERATION
The AD10235 architecture is optimized for high speed and ease of
use. The analog inputs drive a wide-bandwidth, high performance
transformer circuit, which drives the A/D converter. A unique
termination scheme (patent pending) is employed to enhance the
input bandwidth. For ease of use, the part includes an onboard
reference and input logic that accepts TTL, CMOS, or LVPECL
levels. The digital output logic levels are standard LVDS (ANSI-
644 compatible).
USING THE AD10235
ENCODE Input
Any high speed A/D converter is extremely sensitive to the quality
of the sampling clock provided by the user. An A/D converter’s
track/hold circuit is essentially a mixer, combining any noise, distor-
tion, or timing jitter on the clock with the desired signal prior to the
A/D conversion circuit. For that reason, considerable care has been
taken in the design of the ENCODE input of the AD10235, and the
user is advised to give commensurate thought to the clock source.
The AD10235 has an internal clock duty cycle stabilization circuit
that locks onto the rising edge of ENCODE (falling edge of EN-
CODE if driven differentially), and optimizes timing internally.
This allows for a wide range in input duty cycles at the input with-
out degrading performance. Jitter in the rising edge of the input is
still of paramount concern, and is not reduced by the internal stabi-
lization circuit. This circuit is always on, and cannot be disabled
by the user. The ENCODE and ENCODE inputs are internally
biased to 1.5V (nominal), and support either differential or single-
ended signals. For best dynamic performance, a differential signal
is recommended. Good performance can be achieved by using an
MC10EL16 to drive the encode inputs and provide single-ended to
differential converion, as illustrated in figure below.
Driving Encode with EL16
Analog Input
The analog input is a differentially ac-coupled high performance 1:1
transformer with an input impedance of 50 Ω. The nominal full
scale input is 1.533 Vp-p. For best dynamic performance, imped-
ances at AIN and AIN are matched. The analog input has been
optimized to provide superior wideband performance and requires
that the analog inputs be driven differentially. The wideband trans-
former is used to provide the differential analog inputs for
applications that require a single-ended-to-differential conversion.
Both analog
inputs are self-biased by an on-chip resistor divider to a nominal
2.8V. (See Equivalent Circuits section TBD.) Special care was
taken in the design of the Analog Input section of the AD10235 to
prevent damage and corruption of data when the input is
overdriven.
Digital Outputs
The AD10235 has been designed to provide LVDS digital outputs.
This allows for higher-speed operation while reducing the amount
of digital noise coupled into the analog section of the system.
CMOS output versions of this device are available. Consult the
factory for more information.
LVDS outputs are available when S2=VDD and a 3.4K RSET
resistor is placed at pin 7 (LVDSBIAS). This resistor sets the
current at each output equal to a nominal 3.5mA (1.2V/RSET). A
100 ohm differential termination resistor placed at the LVDS
receiver inputs results in a nominal 350mV voltage swing at the
termination of the line. When operating in LVDS mode, the output
supply must be at a DC potential that is greater than or equal to
the analog supply level (AVDD) using the same power supply for
both pins, using an inductor for noise isolation if necessary.
Clock Outputs (DCO, DCO)
Clock output signals are derived from ENCODE and are available
off-chip at DCO and DCO. These clocks can facilitate data latch-
ing and other downstream timing functions, providing a low skew
clocking solution (see timing diagram). The capacitave loading on
these signals should not exceed 5pF, limiting the transient currents
associated with such high speed conversion signals. Note that a
100 ohm differential termination resistor is required at the receiver
for proper LVDS operation.
Voltage Reference
A stable and accurate 1.25 V voltage reference is built into the
AD10235 (VREF). An external reference is not required.
AD10235
ENCODE
ENCODE
PECL
GATE
510Ω510Ω
1µF
1µF