Document Number: 83628 For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com www.vishay.com
Rev. 1.8, 20-Oct-10 1
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing,
Very Low Input Current
IL4116, IL4117, IL4118
Vishay Semiconductors
DESCRIPTION
The IL4116, IL4117, and IL4118 consists of an AlGaAs IRLED
optically coupled to a photosensitive zero crossing TRIAC
network. The TRIAC consists of two inverse parallel connected
monolithic SCRs. These three semiconductors devices are
assembled in a six pin 300 mil dual in-line package.
High input sensitivity is achieved by using an emitter follower
phototransistor and a cascaded SCR predriver resulting in an
LED trigger current of less than 1.3 mA (DC).
The IL4116, IL4117, IL4118 uses zero cross line voltage
detection circuit witch consists of two enhancement MOSFETs
and a photodiode. The inhibit voltage of the network is
determined by the enhancement voltage of the n-channel FET.
The P-channel FET is enabled by a photocurrent source that
permits the FET to conduct the main voltage to gate on the
n-channel FET. Once the main voltage can enable the n-channel,
it clamps the base of the phototransistor, disabling the first stage
SCR predriver.
The blocking voltage of up to 800 V permits control of off-line
voltages up to 240 V
AC
, with a safety factor of more than two, and
is sufficient for as much as 380 V
AC
. Current handling capability
is up to 300 mA RMS continuous at 25 °C.
The IL4116, IL4117, IL4118 isolates low-voltage logic from
120 V
AC
, 240 V
AC
, and 380 V
AC
lines to control resistive,
inductive, or capacitive loads including motors, solenoids, high
current thyristors or TRIAC and relays.
Applications include solid-state relays, industrial controls, office
equipment, and consumer appliances.
FEATURES
• High input sensitivity: IFT = 1.3 mA, PF = 1.0;
IFT = 3.5 mA, typical PF < 1.0
• Zero voltage crossing
• 600 V, 700 V, and 800 V blocking voltage
• 300 mA on-state current
• High dV/dt 10 000 V/μs
• Isolation test voltage 5300 VRMS
• Very low leakage < 10 μA
• Compliant to RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC and in
accordance to WEEE 2002/96/EC
APPLICATIONS
• Solid state relay
• Lighting controls
• Temperature controls
• Solenoid/valte controls
• AC motor drives/starters
AGENCY APPROVALS
• UL1577, file no. E52744 system code H or J, double
protection
• CSA 93751
• BSI IEC60950; IEC60065
• DIN EN 60747-5-5 (VDE 0884) available with option 1
•FIMKO
Note
(1) Also available in tubes, do not put T on the end.
i179030_4
1
2
3
6
5
4
MT2
MT1
NC
A
C
NC
*Zero crossing circuit
ZCC*
V
DE
21842-1
ORDERING INFORMATION
IL411#-X0##T
PART NUMBER PACKAGE OPTION TAPE AND
REEL
AGENCY CERTIFIED/PACKAGE BLOCKING VOLTAGE VDRM (V)
UL, cUL, BSI, FIMKO 600 700 800
DIP-6 IL4116 IL4117 IL4118
DIP-6, 400 mil, option 6 IL4116-X006 - IL4118-X006
SMD-6, option 7 IL4116-X007T (1) IL4117-X007 IL4118-X007T (1)
SMD-6, option 9 IL4116-X009T (1) - IL4118-X009T (1)
VDE, UL, cUL, BSI, FIMKO 600 700 800
DIP-6 IL4116-X001 IL4117-X001 IL4118-X001
DIP-6, 400 mil, option 6 IL4116-X016 - IL4118-X016
SMD-6, option 7 - - IL4118-X017
SMD-6, option 9 IL4116-X019T (1) --
> 0.1 mm
10.16 mm
> 0.7 mm
7.62 mm
DIP
Option 7
Option 6
Option 9
www.vishay.com For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com Document Number: 83628
2Rev. 1.8, 20-Oct-10
IL4116, IL4117, IL4118
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, Very Low Input Current
Notes
(1) Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. Functional operation of the device is not
implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational sections of this document. Exposure to absolute
maximum ratings for extended periods of the time can adversely affect reliability.
(2) Refer to reflow profile for soldering conditions for surface mounted devices (SMD). Refer to wave profile for soldering conditions for through
hole devices (DIP).
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITION PART SYMBOL VALUE UNIT
INPUT
Reverse voltage VR6V
Forward current IF60 mA
Surge current IFSM 2.5 A
Power dissipation Pdiss 100 mW
Derate linearly from 25 °C 1.33 mW/°C
Thermal resistance Rth 750 °C/W
OUTPUT
Peak off-state voltage
IL4116 VDRM 600 V
IL4117 VDRM 700 V
IL4118 VDRM 800 V
RMS on-state current IDRM 300 mA
Single cycle surge 3A
Power dissipation Pdiss 500 mW
Derate linearly from 25 °C 6.6 mW/°C
Thermal resistance Rth 150 °C/W
COUPLER
Creepage distance ≥ 7mm
Clearance distance ≥ 7mm
Storage temperature Tstg - 55 to + 150 °C
Operating temperature Tamb - 55 to + 100 °C
Isolation test voltage VISO 5300 VRMS
Isolation resistance VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 25 °C RIO ≥ 1012 Ω
VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 100 °C RIO ≥ 1011 Ω
Lead soldering temperature (2) 5 s Tsld 260 °C
Document Number: 83628 For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com www.vishay.com
Rev. 1.8, 20-Oct-10 3
IL4116, IL4117, IL4118
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, Very Low Input Current Vishay Semiconductors
Note
• Minimum and maximum values are testing requirements. Typical values are characteristics of the device and are the result of engineering
evaluation. Typical values are for information only and are not part of the testing requirements.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITION PART SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
INPUT
Forward voltage IF = 20 mA VF1.3 1.5 V
Breakdown voltage IR = 10 μA VBR 630 V
Reverse current VR = 6 V IR0.1 10 μA
Capacitance VF = 0 V, f = 1 MHz CO40 pF
Thermal resistance, junction to lead RthjI 750 °C/W
OUTPUT
Repetitive peak off-state voltage IDRM = 100 μA
IL4116 VDRM 600 650 V
IL4117 VDRM 700 750 V
IL4118 VDRM 800 850 V
Off-state voltage ID(RMS) =70 μA
IL4116 VD(RMS) 424 460 V
IL4117 VD(RMS) 494 536 V
IL4118 VD(RMS) 565 613 V
Off-state current VD = 600, Tamb = 100 °C ID(RMS) 10 100 μA
On-state voltage IT = 300 mA VTM 1.7 3 V
On-state current PF = 1, VT(RMS) = 1.7 V ITM 300 mA
Surge (non-repetitive, on-state current) f = 50 Hz ITSM 3A
Holding current VT = 3 V IH65 200 μA
Latching current VT = 2.2 V IL500 μA
LED trigger current VAK = 5 V IFT 0.7 1.3 mA
Zero cross inhibit voltage IF = rated IFT VIH 15 25 V
Critical rate of rise off-state voltage
VRM, VDM = 400 VAC dV/dtcr 10 000 V/μs
VRM, VDM = 400 VAC,
Tamb = 80 °C dV/dtcr 2000 V/μs
Critical rate of rise of voltage at current
commutation
VD = 230 VRMS,
ID = 300 mARMS, TJ = 25 °C dV/dtcrq 8V/μs
VD = 230 VRMS,
ID = 300 mARMS, TJ = 85 °C dV/dtcrq 7V/μs
Critical rate of rise of on-state current
commutation
VD = 230 VRMS,
ID = 300 mARMS, TJ = 25 °C dV/dtcrq 12 A/ms
Thermal resistance, junction to lead RthjI 150 °C/W
COUPLER
Critical state of rise of coupler
input-output voltage IT = 0 A, VRM = VDM = 424 VAC dV(IO)/dt 10 000 V/μs
Capacitance (input to output) f = 1 MHz, VIO = 0 V CIO 0.8 pF
Common mode coupling capacitance CCM 0.01 pF
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER TEST CONDITION PART SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Turn-on time VRM = VDM = 424 VAC ton 35 μs
Turn-off time PF = 1, IT = 300 mA toff 50 μs
www.vishay.com For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com Document Number: 83628
4Rev. 1.8, 20-Oct-10
IL4116, IL4117, IL4118
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, Very Low Input Current
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Fig. 1 - LED Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage
Fig. 2 - Forward Voltage vs. Forward Current
Fig. 3 - Peak LED Current vs. Duty Factor, τ
Fig. 4 - Maximum LED Power Dissipation
Fig. 5 - On-State Terminal Voltage vs. Terminal Current
Fig. 6 - Maximum Output Power Dissipation
iil4116_01
1.41.31.21.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
V
F
- LED Forward Voltage (V)
I
F
- LED Current (mA)
1.0
iil4116_02
100101
0.1
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
I
F
- Forward Current (mA)
V
F
- Forward Voltage (V)
TA= - 55 °C
T
A= 100 °C
T
A= 25 °C
iil4116_03
10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100101
10
100
1000
10 000
t - LED Pulse Duration (s)
If(pk) - Peak LED Current (mA)
0.005
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.1
0.2
0.5
Duty Factor
t
τ
DF = /t
τ
iil4116_04
100806040200- 20- 40- 60
0
50
100
150
T - Ambient Temperature (°C)
P
LED - LED Power (mW)
A
500
400
300
200
100
- 100
- 200
- 300
- 400
- 500
0
- 3 - 1- 2 0 1 2 3
iil4116_05
V
T
- On-State Voltage - V(RMS)
I
T
- On-Site Current - mA(RMS)
iil4116_06
100806040200- 20- 40- 60
50
150
250
T - Ambient Temperature (°C)
P
LED - LED Power (mW)
A
0
100
200
300
Document Number: 83628 For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com www.vishay.com
Rev. 1.8, 20-Oct-10 5
IL4116, IL4117, IL4118
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, Very Low Input Current Vishay Semiconductors
TRIGGER CURRENT VS. TEMPERATURE AND VOLTAGE
The trigger current of the IL4116, IL4117, IL4118 has a
positive temperature gradient and also is dependent on the
terminal voltage as shown as the fig. 7.
Fig. 7 - Trigger Current vs.
Temperature and Operating Voltage (50 Hz)
For the operating voltage 250 VRMS over the temperature
range - 40 °C to 85 °C, the IF should be at least 2.3 x of the
IFT1 (1.3 mA, max.).
Considering - 30 % degradation over time, the trigger
current minimum is IF = 1.3 x 2.3 x 130 % = 4 mA
INDUCTIVE AND RESISTIVE LOADS
For inductive loads, there is phase shift between voltage and current, shown in the fig. 8.
Fig. 8 - Waveforms of Resistive and Inductive Loads
The voltage across the triac will rise rapidly at the time the
current through the power handling triac falls below the
holding current and the triac ceases to conduct. The rise
rate of voltage at the current commutation is called
commutating dV/dt. There would be two potential problems
for ZC phototriac control if the commutating dV/dt is too
high. One is lost control to turn off, another is failed to keep
the triac on.
Lost control to turn off
If the commutating dV/dt is too high, more than its critical
rate (dV/dtcrq), the triac may resume conduction even if the
LED drive current IF is off and control is lost.
In order to achieve control with certain inductive loads of
power factors is less than 0.8, the rate of rise in voltage
(dV/dt) must be limited by a series RC network placed in
parallel with the power handling triac. The RC network is
called snubber circuit. Note that the value of the capacitor
increases as a function of the load current as shown in fig. 9.
Failed to keep on
As a zero-crossing phototriac, the commutating dV/dt
spikes can inhibit one half of the TRIAC from keeping on If
the spike potential exceeds the inhibit voltage of the zero
cross detection circuit, even if the LED drive current IF is on.
21611
V
RMS
(V)
I
FT
(mA)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
100 °C
85 °C
50 °C
25 °C
21607 Resistive load
Commutating dV/dt
AC line
voltage
AC current
through
triac
Voltage
across triac
I
F(on)
I
F(off)
Inductive load
Commutating dV/dt
AC line
voltage
AC current
through
triac
Voltage
across triac
I
F(on)
I
F(off)
www.vishay.com For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com Document Number: 83628
6Rev. 1.8, 20-Oct-10
IL4116, IL4117, IL4118
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, Very Low Input Current
This hold-off condition can be eliminated by using a snubber
and also by providing a higher level of LED drive current. The
higher LED drive provides a larger photocurrent which
causes the triac to turn-on before the commutating spike
has activated the zero cross detection circuit. Fig. 10 shows
the relationship of the LED current for power factors of less
than 1.0. The curve shows that if a device requires 1.5 mA
for a resistive load, then 1.8 times (2.7 mA) that amount
would be required to control an inductive load whose power
factor is less than 0.3 without the snubber to dump the
spike.
Fig. 9 - Shunt Capacitance vs. Load Current vs. Power Factor
Fig. 10 - Normalized LED Trigger Current
APPLICATIONS
Direct switching operation:
The IL4116, IL4117, IL4118 isolated switch is mainly suited
to control synchronous motors, valves, relays and
solenoids. Fig. 11 shows a basic driving circuit. For resistive
load the snubber circuit RS CS can be omitted due to the
high static dV/dt characteristic.
Fig. 11 - Basic Direct Load Driving Circuit
Indirect switching operation:
The IL4116, IL4117, IL4118 switch acts here as an isolated
driver and thus enables the driving of power thyristors and
power triacs by microprocessors. Fig. 12 shows a basic
driving circuit of inductive load. The resister R1 limits the
driving current pulse which should not exceed the maximum
permissible surge current of the IL4116, IL4117, IL4118.
The resister RG is needed only for very sensitive thyristors or
triacs from being triggered by noise or the inhibit current.
Fig. 12 - Basic Power Triac Driver Circuit
iil4116_07
400350300
250
200150100
500
I - Load Current (mA)
CS- Shunt Capacitance (µF)
L
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
C (µF) = 0.0032 (µF) x 10 ^ (0.0066 I
L
(mA))
S
PF= 0.3
IF= 2.0 mA
iil4116_08
1.21.00.80.60.40.20
PF - Power Factor
NIFth - Normalized LED
Trigger Current
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
1.0
1.4
1.8
I Normalized to IFth at PF = 1.0
Fth
21608-1
1
2
3
6
5
4
Control
U1
ZC
RS
CS
Hot
Nutral
Inductive load
220/240
VAC
Document Number: 83628 For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com www.vishay.com
Rev. 1.8, 20-Oct-10 7
IL4116, IL4117, IL4118
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero
Crossing, Very Low Input Current Vishay Semiconductors
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS in millimeters
i178004
0.25 typ.
2.95 ± 0.5
3.555 ± 0.255
0.8 min.
7.62 typ.
0.85 ± 0.05
2.54 typ.
1 min.
0.5 ± 0.05
6.4 ± 0.1
8.6 ± 0.1
Pin one ID
6
5
4
12
3
18°
3° to 9°
7.62 to 8.81
4° typ.
ISO method A
0.5 ± 0.05
8 min.
0.51
1.02
7.62 ref.
9.53
10.03
0.25 typ.
0.102
0.249
15° max.
Option 9
0.35
0.25
10.16
10.92
7.8
7.4
10.36
9.96
Option 6
8 min.
7.62 typ.
4.6
4.1
8.4 min.
10.3 max.
0.7
Option 7
18450
Legal Disclaimer Notice
www.vishay.com Vishay
Revision: 02-Oct-12 1Document Number: 91000
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Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. hereby certifies that all its products that are identified as RoHS-Compliant fulfill the
definitions and restrictions defined under Directive 2011/65/EU of The European Parliament and of the Council
of June 8, 2011 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment
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Please note that some Vishay documentation may still make reference to RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC. We confirm that
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