Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
18 Freescale Semiconductor
33882
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
The low duty cycle operation for a short-circuit condition is
required to protect the output. It is possible to override th is
duty cycle if the input signal (parallel or SPI) turns the channel
ON and OFF faster than 10 kH z. For this reason control
signals should not exce ed this frequency.
OPEN LOAD / SHORT-TO-GROUND WHILE OFF
SENSING
If the drain voltage falls bel ow the Open Load OFF
Detection Voltage at turn OFF for a period of time exceeding
the Open Load Sense Time, the fault status bit for this output
switches to a logic [1].
If a drain voltage falls below the Open Load OFF Detection
Voltage threshold when the output has been OFF, a fault is
indicated with a delay much less than the Open Load Sense
Time. When the fault is removed, normal operation resumes
and the fault status bit wil l return to a normal logic [0] state.
When the CS pin of this device is pulled low , the fa ult status
bits are latched, after which any new fault information is not
part of this serial communication event.
OVER-VOLTAGE SENSING AND PROTECTION
When VPWR exceeds the Over-voltage Shutdown
Threshold, all channels are shut down. Serial input data and
parallel inputs are ignored. The device resumes normal
operation when the VPWR voltage drops below the Over-
voltage Shutdown Hysteresis voltage. During over-voltage
shutdown, some faults may appear to report accurately;
however, fault sensing operation is only guaranteed for
battery voltage levels from 9.0 V to 17 V.
FAULT STATUS MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
FOR SERIALLY CONTROLLED OUTPUTS, SO PIN
Fault monitoring over the serial channel by the IC requires
a minimal amount of overhead for normal operation. Each
status byte received consists of all logic [0]s when faults are
not present. If any logic [1]s are returned, a communication
error occurred, an output fault occurred, or the MODE pin has
been set low. Upon receivin g any logic [1] bits, the IC must
resend the last command, verifying the returned logic [1]s, or
correct any communication error.
A 16-bit SPI transmission with a double command byte to
this 8-bit device allows verification of the command (second
byte returned) in addition to the fault byte (first byte returned).
The command (second) byte returned should mirror the bits
sent unless a communication error occurred, in which case
the command resent should accomplish the correction.
If the returned logic [1] validates, it may indicate a MODE
pin high or a confirmed output fault. If it was a confirmed
output fault, extensive diagnostics could be performed,
determining the fault type, especially if vehicle service is
being performed. If all bits return high and verify such, the IC
must verify sending a logic low to the MODE pin. It should
then resend the command, verifyin g the MODE pin is at a
logic low level, allowing resumption of a normal operation . If
all logic [1]s are again returned, there is an open SO line, an
open MODE line, or the SPI is not functioning.
If the fault does not verify on the command resend, normal
operation is resumed. The error could be a communication
mistake, a momentary output fault, or a fault condition no
longer sensed due to switching the state of the output. For the
first two cases, normal operation is resumed and the software
continues its normal functions. However in the third case,
additional commands are required for extensive diagnosis of
the fault type, if this information is mandatory.
EXTENSIVE FAULT DIAGNOSTICS
More extensive diagnosis may be required under the
following conditions:
• When the fault type of a confirmed fault is desired, the
following scenarios are possible:
– If MSB-2 to MSB-7 indicates a fault, it is an open
load / short-to-ground fault if the output is OFF when
the fault is reported because only open load / short-
to-ground sensing remains operable while an output
is OFF.
– If the output is ON when the fault is reported, the
fault is a short-circuit /short-to-battery if ON open
load detection is not enabled via SPI. If ON open
load detection is enab led, it must be disabled and
the fault status reread. If the fault remains, it is a
short-circuit / short-to-battery or it is an open load /
short-to-ground.
– If MSB-0 to MSB-2 indicates a fault, it is an open
load / short-to-ground fault if the output is OFF when
the fault is reported because only open load /short-
to-ground sensing remains operable while an output
is OFF.
– If the output is ON when the fault is reported, the
fault is a short-circuit /short-to-battery.
• When a fault did not confirm on resend, the fault could
either be an short-circuit /short-to-battery fault, not sensed
when turned OFF; an open load /short-to-ground fault, not
sensed when turned ON; or a corrected communication
error.
To determine if it is an output fault condition, the faulted
output must be turned back to its previous state with a new
command. This command should be sent twice to read the
status after the output is latched in this state, thus
confirming the fault and reporting it again.
Parallel control of outputs is a mode of control, potentially
requiring extensive diagnostics if a faul t is reported. This is
because parallel control signals are completely
asynchronous to the se rial commands. Status reports for
parallel controlled outputs could require additional
information exchange in software to:
• Avoid status reads when outputs are transitioned, thereby
avoiding fault masking times.
• Obtain the state of a faulted outp ut for determining fault
type (if required).