Ordering Information
Device Temp Range Package
MC44BS374CAD,R2 0°C to +70°C SO16NB
MC44BS374CAEF,R2 0°C to +70°C SO16NB
Lead free
NOTE: For tape and reel, add R2 suffix.
SO16NB Package
This document contains information on a product under deve lopment. Freescale reserves the right to change or
discontinue this product without notice. © Motorola, Inc., 2003. All rights reserved.
MC44BS374CA
The MC44BS374CA audio and video modulator is for use in VCRs, set-top boxes, and
similar devices.
Multi standard
TV output level 82dBuV typical
5V and 3.3V compatible I2C bus
Figure 1 shows the pin connections.
Figure 1. MC44BS374CA Pin Connections
GNDD
VCCD
XTAL
GND
TVOVCC
AUDIO
GND
PLLFLT
SDA
SCL
LOP
PREEM
TVOUT
VCCA
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
SPLFLT VIDEO
SO16 pin p acka ge
Technical data
MC44BS374CA
Rev. 1.2 04/2004
PLL Tuned UHF and
VHF Audio/Video High
Integra tion Modulator
Contents
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Comparing the
MC44BS374CA to the
MC44BC374C . . . . . . . . 3
Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . 3
MC44BS374CA Functional
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Maximum Rati ngs . . . . . . . 5
Thermal Ratings . . . . . . . . . 5
Electrostatic Discharge . . . 5
Electrical Characteristics . 6
I2C Bit Mapping . . . . . . . . . 7
I2C Programming . . . . . . . . 8
Modulator High Frequency
Characteristics . . . . . . 10
Video Characteristics . . . 11
Audio Characteristics . . . 13
Characterization
Measurement Conditions
14
MC44BS374CA Modes of
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . 20
High Speed I2C Compatible
Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Pin Circuit Schematics . . 27
Application Diagram . . . . 28
MC44BS374CA Evaluation
Board Layout and
Schematic . . . . . . . . . . 29
Packaging Instructions . . 31
Marking Instructions . . . . 31
Case Outline 32
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Features
1 Features
The MC44BS374CA is a Multi-Standard, PAL/NTSC Modulator.
The channel is set by an on-chip high -speed I2C compatible bus receiver. A Phase-Loc ked Loop ( PLL )
tunes the modulator over the full UHF range.
The modulator incorporates a sound subcarrier oscillator and uses a second PLL to derive 4.5, 5.5, 6.0,
and 6.5 MHz subcarrier frequencies. These frequencies are selectable by bus.
The picture-to-sound ratio may be adjusted using the bus. In addition, an on-chip video test pattern
generator can be switched ON with a 1 KHz audio test signal.
The MC44BS374CA also has the following features:
Integrated on-chip programmable UHF oscillator
No external varicaps diodes / inductor or tuned components
Extremely low external components count
Channel 21-69 UHF operation
VHF range possible by internal dividers (30MHz-450MHz)
Boosted TVout level (82 dBuV typical)
High speed read and write I2C-bus compatible (800kHz)
I2C-bus 5V and 3.3V compatible
Fixed video modulatio n depth (82% typical)
Peak White Clip disabled by bus
Programmable picture/sound carrier ratio (12dB and 16dB)
Integrated on-chip programmable sound subcarrier oscillator (4.5, 5.5, 6.0 and 6.5 MHz) - No
external varicaps
On-chip video test pattern generator with sound te st signal (1kHz)
Low-power programmable modulator standby mode
Transient output inhibit during PLL Lock-up at power-ON
Logical Output Port controlled by bus
ESD protection, minimum 4 kV
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Comparing the MC44BS374CA to the MC44BC374C
MC44BS374CA Technical data
2 Comparing the MC44BS374CA to the MC44BC374C
Compared to the MC44BC374C devices, the MC44BS374CA has the following improvements:
Higher output level (82 dBuV versus 74.5 dBuV)
Higher Video signal to noise (+ 3 dB)
I2C-bus 3.3V compatible
Lower power consum ption in normal and standby modes (-2 mA)
The device can be powered down without holding th e I2C lines down.
TB1 bit is no more available (limited compatibility with MC44355 devices no more available)
Switch between the two integrated VCO’s controlled directly by the frequency divider (@ 700
MHz)
3 Pin Descriptions
Table 1. Package Pin Descriptions
Pin number Pin Name Description
1SCL I2C clock
2SDA I2C data
3LOP Logical output port controlled by I2C bus
4XTAL Crystal
5GND Ground
6PREEMP Pre-emphasis capacitor
7AUDIO Audio input
8SPLFLT Sound PLL loop filter
9VIDEO Video input
10 VCCA Main analog supply voltage
11 GND Analog ground
12 TVOUT TV output signal
13 TVOVCC TV output stage supply voltage
14 PLLFLT RF PLL loop filter
15 VCCD Digital supply voltage
16 GNDD Digital ground
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
MC44BS374CA Functional Overview
4 MC44BS374CA Functional Overview
Figure 2 shows a simplified block diagram of the MC44BS374CA device.
The MC44BS374CA device has three main sections:
1. A high speed I2C-compatible bus section
2. A PLL section to synthesize the UHF / VHF output channel frequency (from an integrated
UHF oscillator, divided for VHF output)
3. A modulator section, which accepts audio and video inputs, then uses them to modulate the
UHF/VHF carrier
An on-chip video test pattern generator with an audio test signal is included.
The MC44BS374CA operates as a multi-standard modulator and can handle the following systems using
the same external circuit components: B / G, I, D / K, M / N.
High frequency BiCMOS technology allows integration of the UHF tank circuit and certain filtering
functions.
Figure 2. MC44BS374CA Simplified Block Diagram
8
13
1
2
6
11
14
9
4
12
7
3
10
15 16
TVOVCC
TVOUT
LOP VIDEO SPLLFLT
AUDIO
VCCA
GND
PREEM
XTALPLLFLTGNDDVCCD
SCL
SDA
BUS SECTION VCO and PLL SECTION
MODULATOR
SECTION
Clamp
Peak
White
31.25KHz
4MHz
XCO
Ref Divider
/128
Phase
Comp
PLL
Prog
Divider
Prescaler/8
VHF Dividers
Video
Modulator
LPF
LPF
RF Sound
Modulator
FM
ALCLPF
Prog
Divider
Audio
Amplifier
Sound
Oscillator
and FM
Modulator
Sound
PFD
High Speed
I
2
C Bus
Receiver
UHF OSC
I
2
C BUS I
2
C BUS
I
2
C BUS
I
2
C BUS
I
2
C BUS
75
5GND
Clip
31.25KHz
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Maximum Ratings
MC44BS374CA Technical data
5 Maximum Ratings
6 Thermal Ratings
7 Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic Discharge ( ESD ) tes ts are done on all pin
s
Sym Parameter Value Unit
Rthja Thermal resistance from Junction to Ambient 102 °C/W
Sym Parameter Min Unit
ESD MM (Machine Model) - MIL STD 883C method 3015-7 400 V
ESD HBM (Human Body Model) - MIL STD 883C method 3015-7 4000 V
Sym Parameter Value Unit
Vcc Supply voltage 6 V
Tamin Minimum operating ambient temperature 0 oC
Tamax Maximum operating ambient temperature +70 oC
Tstgmin Minimum storage temperature -65 oC
Tstgmax Maximum storage temp erature 150 oC
Tj Junction Temperature 150 oC
This device contains protection circuitry to guard
against damage due to high static voltage or electric
fields. However, precautions must be taken to avoid
applications of any volt age higher than maximum rated
voltages to this high impedance circuit. For proper
operation, input and ou tput voltages should be
constrained to the ranges indicated in the
Recommended Operating Conditions.
Note: Maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. For functional operation,
values should be restricted to the Recommended Operating Condition.
Note: Meets Moisture Sensitivity Level 1, no dry pack required.
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Electrical Characteristics
8 Electrical Characteristics
A = 100% tested
B = 100% Correlation tested
C = Characterized on samples
D = Design parameter
See Characterization conditions section for each C type parameter.
8.1 Operating Conditions
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0 V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale.
RF output into 75 Ohm load.
NOTE:
Specifications only valid for envelope demodulation.
Table 2. Operating Conditions
Parameter Min Typ Max Unit Notes Type
Operating supply voltage range 4.5 5.0 5.5 V B
Total supply current 42 50 58 mA All sections active A
Total standby mode supply current 3 5 7 mA OSC, SO, ATT = 1
Bus Section active A
Test pattern sync pulse width 34.7 6.5 µS B
Sound comparator charge pump current
During locking
When locked 7
0.7 10
112
1.5 µA
µAA
A
RF comparator charge pump current 60 100 150 µA A
Crystal oscillator stability-negative
resistance 1 - - K D
Logic Output Port
Saturation voltage at I = 2 mA
Leakage current -
-160
-300
1mV
µAA
A
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I2C Bit Mapping
MC44BS374CA Technical data
9 I2C Bit Mapping
WRITE MODE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 ACK
CA-CHIP ADDRESS 11001010ACK
C1-High Order Bits 1 0 SO LOP PS X3 X2 0ACK
C0-Low Order Bits PWC OSC ATT SFD1 SFD0 0X5 X4 ACK
FM-High Order Bits 0TPEN N11 N10 N9 N8 N7 N6 ACK
FL-Low Order Bits N5 N4 N3 N2 N1 N0 X1 X0 ACK
READ MODE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 ACK
CHIP ADDRESS 11001011ACK
R-Status Byte -----Y2 Y1 OOR -
Bit Name Description
PWC Peak White Clip enable / disable
OSC UHF oscillator ON / OFF
ATT Modulator output attenuated-sound and video modulators ON / OFF
SFD0, 1 Sound subcarrier frequency control bits
SO Sound Oscillator ON / OFF
LOP Logic Output Port
PS Picture-to-sound carrier ratio
TPEN Test pattern enable-picture and sound
X5…X0 Test mode bits-All bits are 0 for normal operation (see Test Mode tables, page 6 & page 7)
N0…N11 UHF frequency programming bits, in steps of 250 kHz
OOR RF oscillator out-of-frequency range information
Y1, Y2 RF oscillator operating range information
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
I2C Programming
10 I2C Programming
WRITE MODE: Test Mode 1 and VHF Range
X2 X1 X0 State Description
0001.a Normal operation
0011.b RF frequency divided for low frequency testing or VHF range: RF / 2
0101.c RF / 4
0111.d RF / 8
1001.e RF / 16
1011.f DC drive applied to modulators: Non-inverted video at TVOUT
1101.g DC drive applied to modulators: Inverted video at TVOUT
1111.h Transient output inhibit disabled (ie speed up mode)
During this speed-up test mode, ATT=0 forces sound current source to 1µA, and
ATT=1 forces it to 10µA.
Sound
Video
SFD 1 SFD 0 Sound Subcarrier Freq (MHz)
00 4.5
01 5.5
10 6.0
11 6.5
PS Picture-to-Sound Ratio (dB)
012
116
SO Sound Oscillator
0 Sound oscillator ON (Normal mode)
1Sound oscillation disabled (oscillator and PLL
section bias turned OFF)
PWC Peak White Clip
0 Peak White Clip ON (System B / G)
1 Peak White Clip OFF (System L)
TPEN Test Pattern Signal
0 Test pattern signal OFF (normal operation)
1 Test pattern signal ON (picture and sound )
UHF
Standby Mode
Logic Output Port
OSC UHF Oscillator
0 Normal operation
1UHF oscillator disabled (oscillator and PLL
sections bias turned OFF)
ATT Modulator Output Attenuation
0 Normal operation
1Modulator output attenuation (sound and
video modulator s sections bias turned OFF.
OSC SO ATT Combination of 3-bits
1 1 1 Modulator standby mode
LOP Description
0 Pin 3 is low voltage
1 Pin 3 is high impedance
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I2C Programming
MC44BS374CA Technical data
WRITE MODE: Test Mode 2
NOTE:
Test modes 1 and 2 are intended for manufacturing test purposes only and
cannot be used for normal applications, except for VHF range (states 1.b
to 1.e).
READ MODE
X5 X4 X3 State Description
0002.a Normal operation
0012.b Test pattern generator DC verification (Test pattern DC test mode available)
0102.c Program divider test (UHF program divider on PLLFILT pin and sound program
divider on SPLLFIL pin)
0112.d Reference divider test (UHF reference divider on PLLFILT pin)
1002.e UHF phase comparison, upper source on PLLFILT pin
Sound phase comparison 10 µA upper source on SPLLFIL
( Only valid during transient output inhi bit. )
1012.f UHF phase comparison, lower source on PLLFILT pin
Sound phase comparison 10 µA lower source on SPLLFIL
( Only valid during transient output inhi bit. )
1102.g Sound phase comparison 1 µA upper source on SPLLFIL
( Not vali d during transient output inhibit. )
1112.h Sound phase comparison 1 µA lower source on SPLLF IL
( Not vali d during transient output inhibit. )
OOR Description
0Normal operation, VCO in range
1VCO out of range
Y1 Description
0VCO out of range, frequency too low, only valid if OOR=1
1VCO out of range, frequency too high, only valid if OOR=1
Y2 Description
0High VCO is active
1Low VCO is active
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Modulator High Frequency Characteristics
11 Modulator High Frequency Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0 V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale.
RF inputs / outputs into 75 Ohm load.
NOTE:
Specifications only valid for envelope demodulation.
Table 3. High Frequency Characteristics
Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Type
TVOUT output level Output signal from modulator section
See Figure 3. See Note 2 79 82 85 dBµV B
UHF oscillator frequency 460 -880 MHz A
VHF range From UHF oscillator internally divided 45 -460 MHz B
TVOUT output attenuation
During transient output inh ibit, or
when ATT bit is set to 1. See
Figure 3.
See Note 2
65 75 -dBc B
Sound subcarrier harmoni cs
(Fp + n Fs) Reference picture carrier. See Note 2 50 63 -dBc C
Second harmonic of chroma
subcarrier Using red EBU bar. See Note 2 45 70 -dBc C
Chroma / Sound intermodulation:
Fp + ( Fsnd - Fchr ) Using red EBU bar.See Note 2 65 82 -dBc C
Fo (picture carrier) harmonics
2nd harmonic: CH21
3rd harmonic: CH21
Other channels: See Figure 3.
See NOTE 1. See Note 2
-
-38
58 50
70 dBµV C
Out band (picture carrier)
spurious 1 / 2 Fo - 1 / 4 Fo - 3 / 2 Fo - 3 / 4 Fo
From 40 MHz to 1 GHz. See Note 2 - - 10 dBµV C
In band spurious (Fo @ 5 MHz) No video sound modulation.See Note
265 75 -dBc C
Note: 1: Picture carrier harmonics are highly dependant on PCB layout and decoupling capacitors.
Note: 2: See “Characterization Measurement Conditions” on page 14.
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Video Characteristics
MC44BS374CA Technical data
Figure 3. Typical High Frequency Performance
12 Video Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0 V, Ambient Temperature=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale.
RF output into 75 Ohm load.
NOTE:
Specifications only valid for envelope demodulation.
Table 4. Video Performance Characteristics
Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Type
Video bandwidth Reference 0 dB at 100 kHz,
measured at 5 MHz. See Note 2 -1.5 -0.8 -dB C
Video input level 75 Ohm loa d - - 1.5Vcvbs D
Video input current -0.2 1µA A
Video input impedance 500 - - K A
Peak White Clip Video Modulation depth for
video=1.4VCVBS 90.5 94 97.5 % B
TV Output Level
77
79
81
83
85
87
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
dBuV
TV Output Attenuation
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
dBc
3Fo Harmonics
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
dBuV
2Fo Harmonics
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
dBuV
Maximum specification
Minimum specification
Maximum specification
Maximum specification
Minimum specification
Typical
Typical
Typical Typical
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Video Characterist ic s
Figure 4. Typical Video Performance
Video S / N
No sound modulation,100% white video
Using CCIR Rec.567 weighting filter
See Figure 4. See Note 2 53 56 -dB C
Unweighted. See Note 2 48 53 - C
Differential Phase CCIR Test Line 330, worst case from
the first 4 steps out of 5. See Note 2 - 5 - 5 deg C
Differential Gain CCIR Test Line 330, worst case from
the first 4 steps out of 5. See Note 2 - 5 - 5 % C
Luma / Sync ratio Input ratio 7.0 : 3.06.8 /
3.2 7.0 /
3.0 7.2 /
2.8 - B
Video modulation depth See Figure 4. See Note 2 76 82 88 % B
Note: 2: See “Characte ri zation Measurement Conditions” on page 14.
Table 4. Video Performance Characteristics
Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Type
Video Signal to Noise
(with C CIR Weighting filter)
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
dB
PAL Video Modulation Depth
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
%
Typical
Maximum specification
Minimum specification
Minimum specification
Typical
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Audio Characteristics
MC44BS374CA Technical data
13 Audio Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0 V, Ambient Temperture=25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale.
RF inputs / outputs into 75 Ohm load.
NOTE:
Specifications only valid for envelope demodulation.
Figure 5. Typical Audio Performance
Table 5. Audio Performance Characteristics
Parameter Test Condi ti ons Min Typ Max Unit Type
Picture-to-Sound ratio PS bit set to 0
PS bit set to 1 9
13 12
16 15
19 dB B
Audio modulation depth
Using specific pre-emphasis circuit,
audio input level = 205 mVrms - audio freq uency = 1 kHz
FM modulation : Fs = 5.5, 6 or 6.5 MHz
100% modulation = +/-50 kHz FM
deviation 76 80 84 % B
FM modulation : NTSC Fs = 4.5 MHz
100% modulation = +/-25 kHz FM
deviation 76 80 84 % B
Audio input resistance 45 53 61 K A
Audio Frequency
response
Reference 0 dB at 1 kHz,
using specified pre-emphasis circuit,
measure from 50 Hz to 15 kHz
Depends on loop filter components -2.0 -+2.0 dB C
Audio Distortion FM (THD
only) at 1 kHz, 100% modulation ( ± 50 kHz )
No video -0.2 0.8 % C
Audio S / N with Sync Buzz
FM
Ref 1Khz, 50% modulatio n (+/-2 5Khz)
EBU color bars Video signal,
using CCIR 468.2 weighting filter 50 54 -dB C
Note: 2: See “Characterization Measurement Conditions” on page 14.
FM Audio Weighted Signal to Noise
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
dB
Typical
Minimum specification
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Characterization Measurement Conditions
14 Characterization Measurement Conditions
The following list shows the MC44BS374CA default configuration unless otherwise specified.
Peak White Clip enabled
UHF oscillator ON
Sound and video modu lators ON
Sound subcarrier frequency = 5.5 MHz
Sound Oscillator ON
Logic Output Port LOW
Picture-to-sound carrier ratio = 12 dB
Test pattern disabled
All test mode bits are ‘0’
Frequency from channel 21 to 69
RF Inputs / Output into 75ohm Load using a 75 to 50 ohm transformation. Video Input 1Vpp.
Audio pre-emphasis circuit enabled.
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Characterization Measurement Conditions
MC44BS374CA Technical data
Table 6. Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up
TVOUT output leve l
Video: 10 steps grey scale
No audio
Measured picture carrier in dBuV with the HP8596E Spectrum
Analyzer using a 75 to 50 ohm transformation, all cables losses and
transformation pads having been calibrated.
Measurement used as a reference for other tests: TVout_Ref
TVOUT output attenu at io n
ATT” bit = 1
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Measure in dBc p ict ure carrier at ATT=1 with referen c e to pi ct ure
carrier at ATT=0
Sound Subcarrier Harmonics
Video: 10 steps grey scale
No Audio signal Measure in dBc second and third sound harmonics levels in reference
to picture carrier (TVout_Ref).
Second Harmonics of Chroma subcarrier
No audio
Video: a 700m Vpp 100 kHz sinusoidal
signal is inserted on the black level of
active video area.
Measure in dBc, in refere nce to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), second
harmonic of chroma at channel frequency plus 2 times chroma
frequency, resulting in the following spectrum.
Picture carrier
Sound carrier
Sound
+5.5MHzFo +11MHz +16.5MHz
2nd harm
Sound
3rd harm
700mV pk-pk
Frequency
100kHz
Frequency
100Khz 700mVpkpk Picture carrier
Sound
Chroma 2nd
+8.86MHzFo +4.43MHz +5.5MHz
Harmonic
carrier
Chroma
carrier
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Characterization Measurement Conditions
Chroma/Sound Intermodulation
No audio signal
Video: 700m Vpp 100 kHz sinusoidal
signal inserted on the black level of
active video area.This is generated using
a Rohde & Schwarz Video Generator
SAF and inserting the required frequency
from a RF Signal generator.
Measure in dBc, in reference to picture carrier (TVout_Ref),
intermodulation product at channel frequency plus the sound carrier
frequency (+5,5 MHz) minus the chroma frequency (-4,43 MHz),
resulting in the following spectrum.
Intermodulation product is at the channel frequency +1,07 MHz.
Picture Car r ier Harmonic s
No Video signal
No Audio signal Measure in dBc, in refere nce to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), second
and third harmonic of channel frequency, resultin g in the following
spectrum.
Out of Band Spurious
No Video signal
No Audio signal Measure in dBuV spurious levels at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.5 times
channel frequency, resulting in the following spectrum
Measure from 40MHz to 1GHz.
In Band Spurious
No Video signal
No Audio signal
Measure in dBc, in refere nce to picture carrier (TVout_Ref), spurious
levels falling into video bandwidth starting from +/-100 KHz from the
picture carrier up to +/-5MHz.
Table 6. Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up
700mV pk-pk
Frequency
100kHz
Frequency
4.43 MHz 700mVpp
Picture carrier
Chroma/Sound
+1.07MHz
Fo
Intermod.
Sound
+4.43MHz +5.5MHz
carrier
Chroma
carrier
Picture carrier
3rd harmonic
3FoFo 2Fo
2nd harmonic
Picture carrier
Fo*3/2Fo/2Fo/4 Fo*3/4 Fo
Spurious
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Characterization Measurement Conditions
MC44BS374CA Technical data
Video Bandwidth
No audio
Video: 600mVpp sinusoidal signal
inserted on the black level of active video
area.
The Video signal is demodulated on the spectrum analyzer, and the
peak level of the 100KHz signal is measured as a reference. The
frequency is then swept from 100KHz to 5MHz, and then the difference
in dB from the 100KHz reference level is measured.
Weighted Video Signal to Noise
Video: 100% White video signal - 1Vpk-
pk.
No Audio signal
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
(using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting
network, 100kHz to 5MHz band with
sound trap and envelope detection, and a
Rohde & Schwarz UAF Video Analyzer.
The Video Analyzer measures the ratio between th e amplitude of the
active area of the video signal (700mV) and the noise level in Vrms on
a video black level which is show below.
VideoS/N is calculated as 20 x log(700 /N) in dB.
Unweighted Video Signal to Noise
Same as above with CCIR filter disabled. Same as above.
Video Differential Phase
Video: 5 step Grey Scale- 1Vpk-pk.
No Audio signal
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
(using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting
network, 100kHz to 5MHz band with
sound trap, and envelope detection, and
a Rohde & Schwarz UAF Video Analyzer.
On line CCIR 330, the video analyz er DP measure consists of
calculating the difference of the Chroma phase at the black level and
the different chroma subcarrier phase angles at each step of the
greyscale. The largest positive or negative difference indicates the
distortion.
The video analyzer method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps.
Table 6. Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up
N
noise level in Vrms
DIFF PHASE = * 100%
the phase at position 0
the largest positive or negative difference
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Characterization Measurement Conditions
Video Differential Gain
Video: 5 step Grey Scale- 1Vpk-pk.
No Audio signal
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
(using a CCIR Rec. 567 weighting
network, 100kHz to 5MHz band with
sound trap and envelope detection, and a
Rohde & Schwarz UAF Video Analyzer.
On line CCIR 330 shown below, the video analyzer DG measure
consists of calculating the difference of the Chroma amplitude at the
black level and the different amplitudes at each step of the greyscale.
The largest positive or negative difference indica tes the distortion.
The video analyzer method takes the worst step from the first 4 steps.
Video Modulation Depth
No Audio signal
Video: 10 step grey scale This is measured using a HP8596E Spectrum Analyzer with a TV
Trigger option, allowing de modulation and triggering on any specified
TV Line. The analyzer is centred on the maximum peak of the Video
signal and reduced to zero Hertz span in Linear mode to demodulate
the Video carrier.
The Modulation Depth is calculated as (A-B)/A x 100 in%
Picture to Sound ratio
No Video signal
No Audio Signal
PS” bit set to 0 and 1
Measure in dBc sound carrier in reference to picture carrier
(TVout_Ref) for PS” bit=0 (PS=12dB typical) and for PS” bit=1
(PS=16dB),
Table 6. Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up
012345
5-step Greyscale with Chroma subcarrier superimposed
(not to scale), line CCIR 330.
DIFF GAIN = * 100%
the amplitude at position 0
the largest positive or negative difference
A ( 6-10mV)
B (0.6 - 3mV)
TV Line Demodulated by Spectrum Analyzer-BG standard
A(mV)
B(mV)
Picture carrier
Sound carrier
+5.5MhzFo
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Characterization Measurement Conditions
MC44BS374CA Technical data
Audio Modulation Depth - FM Modulation
Video Black Level
Audio signal: 1Khz, 205mVrms.
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and
a HP8903A Audio Analyzer at 1kHz
The audio signal 205mV at 1kHz is supplied by the Audio Analyzer,
and the FM demodulated signal deviation is indicated on the
Demodulator in Khz peak.
This value is then converted in% of FM deviation, based on specified
standards.
Audio Frequen cy res po nse
Video Black Level
Audio signal: 50Hz to 15KHz, 100mVrms
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and
a HP8903A.
The audio signal 1KHz 100mVrms is supplied by the Audio Analyzer,
demodulated by the Demodulator and the audio analyzer measures
the AC amplitude of this demodulated audio signal: this value is taken
as a reference (0dB).
The audio signal is then swept from 50Hz to 15KHz, and demodulated
AC amplitude is measured in dB relative to the 1KHz reference.
Audio pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circui ts are engaged, all audio
analyzer filters are switched OFF.
Audio Distortion FM
Audio: 1Khz, adjustable level
Video Black Level
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS UHF Demodulator in B/G
and a HP8903A Audio Analyzer at 1kHz.
The output level of the Audio analyzer is
varied to obtain a deviation of 50kHz
indicated on the Demodu lator.
The input arms detector of the Audio Analyzer converts th e ac level of
the combined signal + noise + distortion to dc. It then removes the
fundamental signal (1kHz) after having measured the frequency. The
output rms detector converts the residual noise + distortion to dc. The
dc voltmeter measures both dc signals and calculates the ratio in% of
the two signals.
Audio Signal to No ise
Audio: 1Khz, adjustable level
Video: EBU Color Bars
This is measured using a Rohde &
Schwarz AMFS Demodulator in B/G and
a HP8903A Audio Analyzer at 1kHz. The
output level of the Audio analyzer is
varied to obtain a Modulation Deviation of
25kHz indicated on the AMFS
Demodulator.
The Audio Analyzer alternately turns ON and OFF it's internal audio
source to make a measure of the Audio signal plus noise and then
another measure of only th e noise.
The measurement is made using the internal CCIR468-2 Filter of the
Audio Analyzer together with the internal 30+/-2kHz (60dB/decade)
Lowpass filters.
The AMFS demodulator uses a quasi-parall el demodulation as is the
case in a normal TV set. In this mode the Nyquist filter is bypassed and
the video carrier is used without added delay to effectuate intercarrier
conversion. In this mode the phase noise information fully cancels out
and the true S/N can be measured.
Table 6. Measurement Conditions
Device and Signals Set-up Measurement Set-up
A
Dist Distorsion Noise+()Distorsion Noise Signal++()=
ASN dB() 20 Signal Noise+()Noise()log×=
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
MC44BS374CA Modes of Operation
15 MC44BS374CA Modes of Operation
15.1 Power ON Settings
At power-ON, the MC44BS374CA is configured as follows:
15.2 Power Supply
The three device Vccs (pins 10, 13 and 15) must be applied at the same time to ensure all internal blocks
are correctly biased. Do not bias any other pin before Vcc is applied to the MC44BS374CA.
When all Vccs are switched to 0V, SDA and SCL pins are high impedance.
15.3 Standby modes
During standby mode, the modulator is switched to low power consumption. That is, the sound oscillator,
UHF oscillator, and the video and sound modulator section’s bias are internally turned OFF.
The I2C bus section remains active.
The MC44BS374CA can be set to standby mode with a combination of 3 bits: OSC=1, SO=1 and ATT=1
15.4 Transient Output Inhibit
To minimize the risk of interference to other channels while the UHF PLL is acquiring a lock on the
desired frequency, the Sound and Video modulators are turned OFF during a time out period for each of
the following two cases:
Power-ON from zero ( i.e., all Vcc is switched from 0 V to 5 V ).
UHF oscillator power-ON from OFF state ( i.e., OSC bit is switched from 1 to 0 )
There is a time-out of 263ms until the output is enabled. This lets the UHF PLL settle to its programmed
frequency. During the 263ms time-out, the sound PLL current source is set to 10 µA typical to speed up the
locking time. After the 263ms time-out, the current source is switched to 1 µA. Use care when selecting
loop filter components, to ensure the loop transient does not exceed this delay.
Table 7. Power ON Settings
WRITE MODE Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 ACK
C1-High Order Bits 10000000ACK
C0-Low Order Bits 00001000ACK
FM-High Order Bits 0 0 N11 N10 N9 N8 N7 N6 ACK
FL-Low Order Bits N5 N4 N3 N2 N1 N0 0 0 ACK
Note: N0 to N11 are set to have UHF oscillator on channel E36 ( 591.25 MHz ).
Note: Peak White Clip is ON.
Note: Sound frequency is 5.5 MHz.
Note: Logic Output Port is low voltage.
Note: Picture to sound ratio is 12 dB.
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MC44BS374CA Modes of Operation
MC44BS374CA Technical data
For test purposes, it is possible to disable the 263ms delay using Test Mode 1-State 1.h (this is called speed
up mode).
15.5 UHF Oscillator-VHF range
The UHF oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components.
For low frequency testing or VHF range operation ( test mode 1, states 1.b to 1.e ), the UHF oscillator can
be internally divided by: 2, 4, 8, or 16.
15.6 UHF PLL Section
The reference divider is a fixed divide-by-128, resulting in a reference frequency of 31.25 KHz with a
4.0 MHz crystal.
The prescaler is a fixed divide-by-8 and is permanently engaged.
The programmable divider division-ratio is controlled by the state of control bits N0 to N11.
The divider-ratio N for a desired frequency F (in MHz) is given by:
with:
NOTE:
Programming a division-ratio N=0 is not allowed.
15.7 Logic Output Port (LOP)
The LOP pin controls any logic function. The primary applications for the LOP are to control an external
attenuator or an external switch, between the antenna input and TV output. A typical attenuato r application
with PIN diode is shown in Figure 6. T h e L OP pi n s w i t c h es t h e P I N attenua tor depending on the signal
strength of the Antenna Input. This reduces the risks of int ermodulation in certain areas. The LOP can also
be used as an OFF position bypass switch or for other logic functions in the application.
Figure 6. Typical Attenuator Application with Pin Diode
NF
8
--- 128
4
---------
×=
N2048 N11×1024 N10×…4N2×2N1×N0+ ++++=
LOP pin
Vcc
TV Out
Antenna
Input
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
MC44BS374CA Modes of Operation
15.8 Video Section - Peak White Clip
The MC44BS374CA requires the following for proper video functionality:
A composite video input with negative going sync pulses
A nominal level of 1 Vpp
This signal is AC-coupled to the video input where the sync tip level is clamped.
The video signal is then passed to a Peak White Clip (PWC) circuit. The PWC circuit function soft-clips
the top of the video waveform, if the sync tip amplitude to peak white clip goes too high. This avoids
carrier over-modulation by the video. Clipping can be disabled by software.
15.9 Test Pattern Generator
The I2C generates a simple test pattern, which can be switched under bus control to permit a TV receiver to
easily tune to the modulator output. The pattern consists of two white vertical bars on a black background
and a 976 Hz audio test signal.
Figure 7. Test Pattern Generator
10 20 30 40 50 60
064
TE1
24 28 44
T IME IN µS.
7/10
3/10
TE2
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MC44BS374CA Modes of Operation
MC44BS374CA Technical data
15.10 Sound Section
The oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components. An internal low-pass filter
and matched structure provide very low harmonics levels.
The sound modulator system consists of an FM modulator incorporating the sound subcarrier oscillator.
The audio input signal is AC-coupled into the amplifier, which then drives the modulator. The audio pre-
emphasis circuit is a high-pass filter with an external capacitor and an internal resistor ( 106 K Ohms
typical ).
The recommen de d ca pa c itor value for BG standard (with a time constant of 50 µS) is 470 pF.
The recommen de d ca pa c itor value for M/N standard (with a time constant of 75 µS) is 750 pF.
To increase the audio bandwidth at low frequencies it is possible to change the sound PLL loop filter. The
recommended va lues are 220 nF and 22 nF. To increase the bandwidth at low frequencies (lower than 50
Hz), it is possible to use larger loop filter capacitor va lues. This will give a lower cut off frequency. In this
case it is necessary to calcultate the new values of the loop filter according to the required Q factor and
loop bandwidth. This is described in the following figure.
Figure 8. Sound PLL Loop Filter Calculation
Sound PLL loop filter calculation
Loop filter equation : 1*
*CN KoscKpd
o=
ω
, oCR
Q
ω
*1* 1
=, with :
ωo = 3dB cut off frequency
Kpd = 1uA : Phase detector current
Kosc = 5MHz/V : sound oscillator slope (in fact Kosc=40MHz/prescaler divider
=8) This provides 5 MHz/V
N = sound divider ratio
Q = quality factor
C2, added to minimize glitches, is usually set to one tenth the size of C1.
Example :
Fref=31.25KHz N=5.5MHz / 31.25KHz = 176
Assuming C1= 220 nF, then ωo = 360 rad, and fo= 57Hz
Q depends on the desired frequency response ; Choosing Q = 0.7 as a starting point,
then R= 18 k. The resistance acts directly on the factor quality and can be ad
j
usted to
create peaking on the low frequency range. It is recommended to adjust the value of R
experimentally depending on the application and requirements. In the proposed
application schematic a value of 15 18 k has been chosen.
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
16 High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
16.1 Specification Conditions
Unless otherwise specified, Vcc = 5.0 V, TA = 25 oC.
16.2 Timing Definitions
Figure 9. SSDA/SSCL Timing
Electrical Characteristics Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Type
SDA / SCL output current at 0 V -5 -2 -µA A
SDA / SCL low input level VIL - - 1.5 V B
SDA / SCL high input level VIH 2.1 - - V B
SDA/SCL input current for input level from 0.4V to 0.3Vcc - 5 - 5 µA C
SDA/SCL input level 0 - Vcc+0,3 V D
SDA/SCL capacitance - - 10 pF C
ACK low output level (3 mA sinking current) - - 0.3 V C
ACK low output level (9 mA sinking current) - - 0.8 V C
Timing Characteristics Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Type
Bus clock frequency 0 - 800 kHz C
Bus free time between stop and start Tbuf 200 - - ns C
Setup time for start condition Tsu;sta 500 - - ns C
Hold time for start condition Thd;sta 500 - - ns C
Data setup time Tsu;dat 0 - - ns C
Data hold time Thd;dat 0 - - ns C
Setup time for stop condition Tsu;sto 500 - - ns C
Hold time for stop condition Thd;sto 500 - - ns C
Acknowledge propagation delay Tack;low - - 300 ns C
SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 130pF load - - 50 ns C
SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 400pF load - - 80 ns C
SDA rise time
SCL fall/rise time -
--
-300
300 ns
ns C
C
Pulse width of spikes suppressed by the input filter - - 50 ns C
Tbuf
SSDA
...
...
ACK
Thd;datTsu;datTsu;sto Thd;sta Tack:low
StartStop
SSCL SCL
SDA
Tsu;sta
Chip Address
SCL
SDA
Thd;sto
Start Stop
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High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
MC44BS374CA Technical data
16.3 Level Definitions
SDA/SCL high and low levels are designed to be compatible with 0-5V and 0-3.3V SDA / SCL signals.
Figure 10. SDA/SCL Levels
16.4 High Speed I2C Compatible Bus Format
Figure 11. I2C Bus Timing
16.5 I2C Write Mode Format and Bus Receiver
The bus receive r o pe rates the I2C compatible data format. The chip address ( I2C bus ) is as follows.
In write mode, each ninth data bit ( bits 9, 18, 27, 36, and 45 ) is an acknowledge bit (ACK) during which
the MCU sends a logic 1 and the Modulator circuit answers on the data line by pulling it low. Besides the
chip address, the circuit nee ds two or four data bytes for operation. The following sequences of data bytes
are the permitted incoming information:
Table 8. Chip Address (I2C Bus)
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 (ACK) = $CA ( hex ) in write mode
Table 9. Permitted Data Bytes (Inco m in g Info rma tio n )
Example 1 STA CA C1 C0 STO
Example 2 STA CA FM FL STO
Example 3 STA CA C1 C0 FM FL STO
Example 4 STA CA FM FL C1 C0 STO
Note:
SDA ... 0V
Vcc
Vih
Vil dead band
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 14
11 12 13 454415 19
16 17 18
STA Chip Address ($CA) ACK ACK
First Data Byte (C1 or FM) Data ACKStop
SCL
SDA
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
High Speed I2C Compatible Bus
After the chip address, two or four data bytes may be received.
If three data bytes are received, the third one is ignored.
If five or more data bytes are received, the fifth and following ones are ignored, and the last ACK
pulse is sent at the end of the fourth data byte.
The first and third data bytes contain a function bit, which lets the IC distinguish between frequency
information and control information. If the function bit is a logic 1, the two following bytes contain control
information. The first data byte after the chip address, may be byte CO or byte FM. The two bytes of
frequency information are preceded by a logic 0.
16.6 I2C Read Mode Format
The chip addres s ( I2C ) is:
The incoming information consists of the read mode chip address byte. The device then answers with an
ACK followed by one byte containing three bits of status information. No acknowledge is answered by the
modulator after this byte.
STA = Start condition CA = Chip Address
FM = Frequency information, high order bits FL = Frequency information, low order bits
C1 = Control information, high order bits CO = Control information, low order bits
STO = Stop condition
Table 10. Chip Address (I2C Read Mode)
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 (ACK) = $CB ( hex ) in read mode
Table 9. Permitted Data Bytes (Incoming Information)
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Pin Circuit Schematics
MC44BS374CA Technical data
17 Pin Circuit Schematics
Figure 12. Pin Circuit Schematics
VCCD
50 1/2 VCCD
VCCD
25K 1/2 VCCD
5K
SDA SCL
XTAL
SPLLFLT
ACK
11.8k audio
10k
PREM
50k
AUDIO IN
VIDEO
500
TV OUT
VCC
1.5K
VCC
25K
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
TVOVCC
75
VCC
VCC
5K
VCC
10K
10K
LOP
VCC
PLLFLT
VCC
2K
VCC
100
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Application Diagram
18 Application Diagram
Figure 13. Proposed SO16 Package (Mono Application Schematic)
Note: 1. Cx value depends on crystal characteristics. Cx = 27 pF on Motorola application board.
Note: 2. RF PLL Loop Filter components at pin 14 must be as close as possible to Vccd at pin 15.
Note: 3. Supply voltage decoupling capacitors must be as close as possible to ground.
TVOUTO
2.2k
22nF
1nF
10nF
47nF
Vcc
O
This document contains information on a new product under development.
Motorola reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
SCLSDA
4MHz
Vcc
Pre-em
O
OO
GNDD
VCCD
PLLFLT
GND
VIDEO
TVOVCC
SPLLFLT
SDA
SCL
LOP
TVOUT
VCCA
Audio
O
Video
LOP
O
10nF
100nF
220nF
100nF
Cx
22nF
470pF
75
XTAL
GND
PREEM
AUDIO 10nF
O
Note 1
15K
Note 2
Note 3
Note 3
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MC44BS374CA Evaluation Board Layout and Schematic
MC44BS374CA Technical data
19 MC44BS374CA Evaluation Board Layout and Schematic
19.1 Evaluation Board Layout
Figure 14. Evaluation Board PCB Layout
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
MC44BS374CA Evaluation Board Layout and Schematic
19.2 Evaluation Board Schematic
Figure 15. Evaluation Board Schematic
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Packaging Instructions
MC44BS374CA Technical data
20 Packaging Instructions
Tape and reel packaging per 12MRH00360A issue Y with the following conditions applicable for Dual In-
Line SOP (SOIC) package. For lead free package meets Moisture Sensitivity Level 3 (dry pack required).
Figure 16. Dual In-line SOP (SOIC)
Component Orientation: Arrange parts with the pin 1 side closest to the tape's round sprocket holes on the
tape's trailing edge.
21 Marking Instructions
Bar marked part way acros s Pin 1 end of package.
Bar width 10 to 20 mils, length to be at least four
times Bar width. Bar placement may extend across
chamfer and dimple areas.
Pin 1 Dot or Dimple
1st line:
MCBS374CA (Part number coded on 10 digits)
2nd line:
Assembly site code AW (2 digits) followed by the
wafer lot code L (1 digit),
year Y (1 digit) and
work week WW (2 digits)
MCBS374CA
AWLYWW
Bar marked part way across Pin 1 end of package.
Bar width 10 to 20 mils, length to be at least four
times Bar width. Bar placement may extend across
chamfer and dimple areas.
Pin 1 Dot or Dimple
1st line:
MBS374CAEF (Part number coded on 10 digits)
2nd line:
Assembly site code AW (2 digits) followed by the
wafer lot code L (1 digit),
year Y (1 digit) and
work week WW (2 digits)
MBS374CAEF
AWLYWW
SO16NB Lead free package
SO16NB package
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Case Outline
22 Case Outline
Figure 17. SO16NB Package
Dim Millimeters Inches
Min Max Min Max
A 1.35 1.75 0.054 0.068
A1 0.1 0.25 0.004 0.009
D 9.8 10 0.385 0.393
E 5.8 6.2 0.229 0.244
E1 3.8 4 0.150 0.157
b 0.35 0.49 0.014 0.019
c 0.19 0.25 0.008 0.009
e 1.27 BSC 0.050 BSC
L 0.4 1.25 0.016 0.049
h 0.25 0.5 0.010 0.019
Q0o7o0o7o
Note: 1. Dimensions and Tolerances per ASME Y14.5M,
1994.
Note: 2. Controlling dimension: Millimeters.
Note: 3. Dimension D and E1 do not include mold
protrusion.
Note: 4. Maximum mold protrusion 0.15 ( 0.006 ) per side.
Note: 5. Dimension b does not include Dambar protrusion.
Allowable Dambar protrusion shall be 0.127 ( 0.005 )
total in excess of the b dimension at maximum material
condition.
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MC44BS374CA
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MC44BS374CA Technical data
Case Outline
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