LM565,LM565C LM565/LM565C Phase Locked Loop Literature Number: SNOSBU1A LM565/LM565C October 3, 2011 Phase Locked Loop General Description The LM565 and LM565C are general purpose phase locked loops containing a stable, highly linear voltage controlled oscillator for low distortion FM demodulation, and a double balanced phase detector with good carrier suppression. The VCO frequency is set with an external resistor and capacitor, and a tuning range of 10:1 can be obtained with the same capacitor. The characteristics of the closed loop system-- bandwidth, response speed, capture and pull in range--may be adjusted over a wide range with an external resistor and capacitor. The loop may be broken between the VCO and the phase detector for insertion of a digital frequency divider to obtain frequency multiplication. The LM565H is specified for operation over the -55C to +125C military temperature range. The LM565CN is specified for operation over the 0C to +70C temperature range. Features 200 ppm/C frequency stability of the VCO Power supply range of 5 to 12 volts with 100 ppm/% 0.2% linearity of demodulated output Linear triangle wave with in phase zero crossings available TTL and DTL compatible phase detector input and square wave output Adjustable hold in range from 1% to > 60% Applications Data and tape synchronization Modems FSK demodulation FM demodulation Frequency synthesizer Tone decoding Frequency multiplication and division SCA demodulators Telemetry receivers Signal regeneration Coherent demodulators typical Connection Diagrams Metal Can Package Dual-in-Line Package 785302 Order Number LM565H See NS Package Number H10C (c) 2011 National Semiconductor Corporation 785303 Order Number LM565CN See NS Package Number N14A 7853 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 www.national.com Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 LM565/LM565C Phase Locked Loop OBSOLETE LM565/LM565C Operating Temperature Range LM565H LM565CN Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Supply Voltage Power Dissipation (Note 2) Differential Input Voltage 12V 1400 mW 1V -55C to +125C 0C to +70C -65C to +150C 260C Electrical Characteristics AC Test Circuit, TA = 25C, VCC = 6V Parameter LM565 Conditions Min Power Supply Current Input Impedance (Pins 2, 3) -4V < V2, V3 < 0V VCO Maximum Operating Frequency Co = 2.7 pF VCO Free-Running Frequency 8.0 12.5 7 10 300 500 -10 0 Operating Frequency Temperature Coefficient Min Typ Max 8.0 12.5 Units mA 5 k 250 500 kHz +10 -30 0 -100 Frequency Drift with Supply Voltage Triangle Wave Output Voltage 2 Triangle Wave Output Linearity 0.1 1.0 2.4 3 4.7 5.4 45 50 Output Impedance (Pin 4) 2 Square Wave Rise Time 0.6 fo = 10 kHz 250 10% Frequency Deviation Output Impedance (Pin 7) 4.25 Output Offset Voltage |V7 - V6| Temperature Drift of |V7 - V6| AM Rejection 30 Phase Detector Sensitivity KD 2.4 3 Vp-p % 40 50 k 60 20 1 0.6 300 400 0.2 0.75 200 3.5 DC Level (Pin 7) %/V Vp-p 6600 Demodulated Output Voltage (Pin 7) 10% Frequency Deviation 1.5 5.4 50 Output Current Sink (Pin 4) 0.2 0.5 20 Square Wave Fall Time ppm/C 5 55 4.75 30 100 4.0 % ns 50 ns 1 mA 6600 Hz/V 300 450 mVp-p 0.2 1.5 % 3.5 4.5 % 4.7 5 Square Wave Duty Cycle +30 -200 0.2 Square Wave Output Level Total Harmonic Distortion Max Co = 1.5 nF Ro = 20 k fo = 10 kHz VCO Sensitivity LM565C Typ k 4.5 5.0 V 50 200 mV 500 500 V/C 40 40 dB 0.68 0.68 V/radian Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. Electrical Characteristics state DC and AC electrical specifications under particular test conditions which guarantee specific performance limits. This assumes that the device is within the Operating Ratings. Specifications are not guaranteed for parameters where no limit is given, however, the typical value is a good indication of device performance. Note 2: The maximum junction temperature of the LM565 and LM565C is +150C. For operation at elevated temperatures, devices in the TO-5 package must be derated based on a thermal resistance of +150C/W junction to ambient or +45C/W junction to case. Thermal resistance of the dual-in-line package is +85 C/W. www.national.com 2 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 LM565/LM565C Typical Performance Characteristics Power Supply Current as a Function of Supply Voltage Lock Range as a Function of Input Voltage 785315 785314 VCO Frequency Oscillator Output Waveforms 785316 785317 3 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 www.national.com LM565/LM565C Phase Shift vs Frequency VCO Frequency as a Function of Temperature 785318 785319 Loop Gain vs Load Resistance Hold in Range as a Function of R6-7 785321 785320 www.national.com 4 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 LM565/LM565C 785301 Schematic Diagram 5 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 www.national.com LM565/LM565C AC Test Circuit 785305 Note: S1 open for output offset voltage (V7 - V6) measurement. www.national.com 6 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 LM565/LM565C Typical Applications 2400 Hz Synchronous AM Demodulator 785306 7 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 www.national.com LM565/LM565C FSK Demodulator (2025-2225 cps) 785307 FSK Demodulator with DC Restoration 785308 www.national.com 8 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 LM565/LM565C Frequency Multiplier (x10) 785309 IRIG Channel 13 Demodulator 785310 9 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 www.national.com LM565/LM565C Lag-Lead Filter Applications Information In designing with phase locked loops such as the LM565, the important parameters of interest are: FREE RUNNING FREQUENCY LOOP GAIN: relates the amount of phase change between the input signal and the VCO signal for a shift in input signal frequency (assuming the loop remains in lock). In servo theory, this is called the "velocity error coefficient." 785312 A simple lag filter may be used for wide closed loop bandwidth applications such as modulation following where the frequency deviation of the carrier is fairly high (greater than 10%), or where wideband modulating signals must be followed. The natural bandwidth of the closed loop response may be found from: Associated with this is a damping factor: The loop gain of the LM565 is dependent on supply voltage, and may be found from: For narrow band applications where a narrow noise bandwidth is desired, such as applications involving tracking a slowly varying carrier, a lead lag filter should be used. In general, if 1/R1C1 < Ko KD, the damping factor for the loop becomes quite small resulting in large overshoot and possible instability in the transient response of the loop. In this case, the natural frequency of the loop may be found from fo = VCO frequency in Hz Vc = total supply voltage to circuit Loop gain may be reduced by connecting a resistor between pins 6 and 7; this reduces the load impedance on the output amplifier and hence the loop gain. HOLD IN RANGE: the range of frequencies that the loop will remain in lock after initially being locked. R2 is selected to produce a desired damping factor , usually between 0.5 and 1.0. The damping factor is found from the approximation: fo= free running frequency of VCO Vc= total supply voltage to the circuit 2fn THE LOOP FILTER In almost all applications, it will be desirable to filter the signal at the output of the phase detector (pin 7); this filter may take one of two forms: These two equations are plotted for convenience. Filter Time Constant vs Natural Frequency Simple Lead Filter 785311 785313 www.national.com 10 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 Capacitor C2 should be much smaller than C1 since its function is to provide filtering of carrier. In general C2 0.1 C1. 785314 11 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 www.national.com LM565/LM565C Damping Time Constant vs Natural Frequency LM565/LM565C Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted Metal Can Package (H) Order Number LM565H NS Package Number H10C www.national.com 12 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 LM565/LM565C Dual-In-Line Package (N) Order Number LM565CN NS Package Number N14A 13 7853 Version 3 Revision 2 Print Date/Time: 2011/10/03 14:58:30 www.national.com LM565/LM565C Phase Locked Loop Notes For more National Semiconductor product information and proven design tools, visit the following Web sites at: www.national.com Products Design Support Amplifiers www.national.com/amplifiers WEBENCH(R) Tools www.national.com/webench Audio www.national.com/audio App Notes www.national.com/appnotes Clock and Timing www.national.com/timing Reference Designs www.national.com/refdesigns Data Converters www.national.com/adc Samples www.national.com/samples Interface www.national.com/interface Eval Boards www.national.com/evalboards LVDS www.national.com/lvds Packaging www.national.com/packaging Power Management www.national.com/power Green Compliance www.national.com/quality/green Switching Regulators www.national.com/switchers Distributors www.national.com/contacts LDOs www.national.com/ldo Quality and Reliability www.national.com/quality LED Lighting www.national.com/led Feedback/Support www.national.com/feedback Voltage References www.national.com/vref Design Made Easy www.national.com/easy www.national.com/powerwise Applications & Markets www.national.com/solutions Mil/Aero www.national.com/milaero PowerWise(R) Solutions Serial Digital Interface (SDI) www.national.com/sdi Temperature Sensors www.national.com/tempsensors SolarMagicTM www.national.com/solarmagic PLL/VCO www.national.com/wireless www.national.com/training PowerWise(R) Design University THE CONTENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION ("NATIONAL") PRODUCTS. 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