RoHS 2002/95/EC Vacuum Fluorescent Display Module Specification Model: GU128X64-800B Specification No: DS-1239-0000-03 Date of Issue: May 19, 2005 Revision: May 1, 2006 December 20, 2007 January 23, 2008 : : PUBLISHED BY NORITAKE ITRON CORP. / JAPAN This specification is subject to change without prior notice. This product complies with RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC GU128X64-800B Table of Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. General Description ................................................................................................................................................2 Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................................................................................................................2 Electrical Characteristics .......................................................................................................................................2 Optical Specifications.............................................................................................................................................2 Environmental Specifications ................................................................................................................................2 Description of Bus and Signals .............................................................................................................................3 6.1 Parallel Interface ...........................................................................................................................................3 6.2 Serial Interface ..............................................................................................................................................3 7. Block Diagram .........................................................................................................................................................3 8. Display Screen and Initialize Set ...........................................................................................................................4 8.1 Graphic Display (GRAM) ...............................................................................................................................5 9. Function ...................................................................................................................................................................7 9.1 Commands ....................................................................................................................................................7 9.2 Display On/Off (C/D= "1") ..............................................................................................................................8 9.3 Brightness Set (C/D= "1") ..............................................................................................................................8 9.4 Display Clear (C/D= "1") This command clears the GRAM. .........................................................................9 9.5 Display Area Set (C/D="1", only used for Initialize Set) ...............................................................................10 9.6 GRAM Data Write position Address Set (Graphic Display) (C/D="1").......................................................... 11 9.6.1 GRAM Data Write Position X Address Set ............................................................................................ 11 9.6.2 GRAM Data Write Position Y Address Set ............................................................................................ 11 9.7 GRAM Display Start Position Address Set (C/D="1") ................................................................................. 11 9.7.1 Horizontal Shift...................................................................................................................................... 11 9.7.2 Vertical Shift .......................................................................................................................................... 11 9.8 Address Mode SetC/D="1" ..................................................................................................................12 9.9 Address Read C/D ="1" .......................................................................................................................12 9.10 Data Write to Graphic Display(GRAM) (C/D="0") ......................................................................................13 9.11 Default Status at Reset ..............................................................................................................................14 9.12 FRP (Frame Pulse)..................................................................................................................................14 10. Interface ................................................................................................................................................................15 10.1 Parallel Interface (Parallel #1) ...................................................................................................................15 10.1.1 Command Write operation ..................................................................................................................15 10.1.2 Command Read operation .................................................................................................................15 10.1.3 Data Write operation ...........................................................................................................................15 10.2 Parallel Interface(Parallel #2) ....................................................................................................................16 10.2.1 Command Write operation ..................................................................................................................16 10.2.2 Command Read operation ..................................................................................................................16 10.2.3 Data Write operation ...........................................................................................................................16 10.3 Serial Interface ..........................................................................................................................................17 10.3.1 Timing .................................................................................................................................................17 11. Jumper ..................................................................................................................................................................18 11.1 Jumper Position .........................................................................................................................................18 11.2 Jumper Setting (Must be done when power is OFF)................................................................................18 12. Pin Assignment (See connector diagrams below) ..............................................................................................19 12.1 Signal Connection .....................................................................................................................................19 12.2 Connectors ...............................................................................................................................................19 13. Outline Dimension ..............................................................................................................................................20 1 GU128X64-800B 1. General Description 1.1 Construction: 1.2 Features: 1.3 Dimensions: 2. A 128X64 dot BD-VFD single board display module consisting of an 8 bit micro-computer, and a DC/DC converter. Simultaneous display of graphic. Flexible Display and Editing Functions. Compact design due to the application of a BD-VFD tube. See attached drawings. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter 3. Typ. Max. Unit Condition Logic Input Voltage Symbol Min. VI -0.5 Vcc +0.3 V Power Supply Voltage Vcc 0 6.5 VDC Electrical Characteristics Measurement Conditions: 25C / Vcc=5.0V Parameter Logic Input Voltage Logic Output Voltage Reset Input Voltage Symbol Min. Typ. Max. "H" VIH 4.0 "L" VIL 1.0 "H" VOH 4.7 Unit VDC VDC Condition IIH= 2A IIL= 600A IOH=300A "L" VOL 0.3 "H" VRH 4.0 VDC IRH= 5A "L" VRL 0.6 VDC IRL= 600A Vcc 4.75 5.00 5.25 VDC 0.70 0.90 0.55 0.75 Power Supply Voltage Power Supply Current Icc A IOL= 300A VCC=+5V, All dots ON VCC=+5V, All dots OFF Notes: The rise time of Vcc should not exceed 100 ms. Icc may peak at power up may be more than twice the normal operating current 4. Optical Specifications Number of dots: Display area: Dot size: Dot pitch: Luminance: Color of illumination: 5. 8192 (128X64) 83.05 mm x 41.45 mm (X x Y) 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm (X x Y) 0.65 mm x 0.65 mm (X x Y) 350cd/m2 (Min.) Green (Blue Green) Environmental Specifications Operating temperature: Storage temperature: Storage humidity: Vibration: Shock: -40 to +85C -40 to +85C 20 to 80 % R.H(Non Condensation) 10-55-10Hz, all amplitude 1mm, 30Min., X-Y-Z (Non operating) 539m/s2 10mS (Non operating) 2 GU128X64-800B 6. Description of Bus and Signals This module has serial and 2 types of parallel interface. Type of interface can be selected by jumper settings. Refer to 11 on page # 18 for details. 6.1 Parallel Interface Data Line Function D0 D7 WR (R/W) RD (ENCK) 6.2 Data Bus (Input / Output) Parallel #1: Write Signal, Parallel Parallel #1: Read Signal, Parallel #2: R/W (Input) #2: ENCK (Input) CSS Chip Select (Input) C/D Command / Data Select Signal (Input) C/D = "1" ... Command C/D = "0" ... Data FRP RESET Frame Pulse Signal (Output) RESET="0"... Reset (Input) Vcc GND Power Supply Ground Serial Interface Data Line Function RXD TXD SCK Serial Input Serial Output Clock (Input) Chip Select (Input) Command / Data Select Signal (Input) C/D = "1" ... Command C/D = "0" ... Data Frame Pulse Signal (Output) RESET="0"... Reset (Input) Active Low Power Supply Ground CSS C/D FRP RESET Vcc GND 7. Block Diagram ():Parallel#2 Parallel D0 D7 RD(ENCK) WR(R/W) C/D CSS FRP RESET Controller Display Data W riting Signal RXD TXD Serial SCK C/D CSS FRP RESET Vcc GND Scan Control Detection Signal Graphic RAM P rotection C ircuit DC/DC Converter BD-VFD Operation Detection Signal Filam ent(AC) A n ode & G rid (D C ) 3 GU128X64-800B 8. Display Screen and Initialize Set The Display screen consists of 8,192 dots arranged as 128 by 64 dots. It is divided into 64 display area blocks of 16 by 8 dots each. Each display area block can be assigned to GRAM (Graphic mode) or DDRAM (Character mode) by the Display Area Set command. (9.5 Page #10) But, this is the version which has no Font ROM. Therefore, DDRAM is not available, all of display area block must be assigned to GRAM as the initialize setting, and this must be done when the module is powered up and also every time the reset is applied, because all display area blocks are set to DDRAM area as default setting. Initialize sequence is as follows; Initialize Set Start C/D=1 5FHex Display Clear Wait 1mS n=0 C/D=1 62Hex C/D=1 0nHex C/D=0 FFHex Data Write n=n+1 NO n=8? YES END 4 GU128X64-800B 8.1 Graphic Display (GRAM) GRAM consists of 16,384 bits arranged in 128 by 128 bit blocks with access is structured as 8 bits of vertical data. The detail of GRAM is as follows: GRAM Data Write Position Address X-Address 00 7FH D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 0H 1H Y-Address 4H 0H 5H 1H 6H 2H 7H 3H 8H 128bit 3H 64bit 2H 9H AH BH CH DH EH FH GRAM Data Write Position Address (0H - FH) 128bit 5 GU128X64-800B 8.1 Cont'd GRAM Display Start Position Address X-Address Y-Address 00H 07H 08H 0FH 10H 17H 18H 1FH 20H 27H 28H 2FH 30H 37H 38H 3FH 40H 47H 48H 4FH 50H 57H 58H 5FH 60H 67H 68H 6FH 70H 77H 78H 7FH GRAM 0(X=00H, Y=00H) 0Layer H 1H 2H 3H 128bit D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 64bit 00 7FH GRAM Layer 1(X=00H, Y=00H) 128bit GRAM Display Start Position Address (00H - 7FH) This module has 2 layers - Layer 0 and Layer 1. Each layer in this display consists of 128 by 64 dots. Display merging using these 2 layers can be done with the Display ON/OFF command. Refer to 9.2 on page # 8 for details. Layer 0 has an area of 128x64 dots that starts from top left point defined by the GRAM Start Position Address. The area of Layer 1 is the next 128x64 dots. When the value of the GRAM Start Position Address X overflow = 7FH, the next position goes to 00H. When the value of the GRAM Start Position Address Y overflow = 7FH, the next position goes to 00H. For example: If the GRAM Start Position Address is set as X=02H, Y=08H, the area of Layer 0 is as follows; X=02H,03H,04H......7FH,00H,01H Y=08H,09H............46H, 47H In this case, the area of Layer1 is as follows; X=02H,03H,04H......7FH,00H,01H Y=48H,49H............06H,07H 6 GU128X64-800B 9. Function 9.1 Commands D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 1 0 L1 * * 1st Byte 0 GS 0 GRV AND L0 EXO R * * 2nd Byte 1 0 1 0 0 BW3 BW2 BW1 BW0 1 Byte 1 Byte Command 1 0 1 0 1 G1C G0C 1 HM 1 Byte 1 Byte Command 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 (A2 - A0) 1 0 0 1st Byte 2nd Byte 3rd Byte 1st Byte Display Area is assigned 3 Byte Command Graphic Display X-Address Set, 2 Byte Command Graphic Address Y-Address Set, 2-Byte Command Graphic Display Horizontal Shift, 2-Byte Command Graphic Display Vertical Shift, 1 Byte Command Address Increment, 1 Byte Command Command C/D Display ON/OFF 1 Brightness Set Display Clear Display Area SET (Initialize) Data Write Position Address Set Display Start Position Address Set Address Mode Set Address Read Data Write 1 0 1 1 1 1 * GRAM X-Address (GXA6GXA0) Comments 2nd Byte 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1st Byte * * * * GYA3 GYA2 GYA1 GYA0 2nd Byte 0 1 1 1 * * * * 1st Byte XA7 XA6 XA5 XA4 XA3 XA2 XA1 XA0 2nd Byte 1 1 0 1 1 UD S1 S0 * 1 Byte 1 1 0 0 0 * IGX IGY * 1 Byte 1 1 0 1 0 1 * * 1st Byte * VG6 VG5 VG4 VG3 VG2 VG1 VG0 2nd Byte HG7 HG6 HG5 HG4 HG3 HG2 HG1 HG0 3rd Byte 1 1 1 0 WRITE DATA * Display ON/OFF Control 2 Byte Command Graphic Display (GRAM) Horizontal And Vertical Display Start Address, 3 Byte Command Writes Data Graphic Data is 1 Byte Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable 7 GU128X64-800B 9.2 Display On/Off (C/D= "1") The GRAM Layer is selected with the 1st Byte of data. DDRAM (On/Off), GRAM (On/Off), DDRAM (reverse or normal modes), GRAM (reverse or normal modes) and display merge are selected by the 2nd Byte. Reverse mode toggles the representation of green in the foreground and black in the background to the exact opposite - green to back and black to the foreground. This is similar to the concept of reverse video. 1st Byte: MSB LSB 0 0 1 < --------------------------- > Command Select 0 L1 L0 * < --------- > Display Control Data L1= (1 OR 0) = L0= (1 OR 0) = * * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable GRAM Layer 1 (Active OR Inactive) GRAM Layer 0 (Active OR Inactive) 2nd Byte: MSB LSB 0 GS 0 GRV AND EXOR < --------------------------- ------------------- > Display Control Data * * * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable GS= (1 OR 0) Graphic Display Area (GRAM) = (On OR Off) GRV= (1 OR 0) Graphic Display Area (GRAM) = (Reverse OR Normal) DS="0", GS= "0": Stand-by mode 1st Byte 2nd Byte L1 L0 AND EXOR * * 1 1 0 0 * * 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 * 1 0 0 0 0 Action AND Display of Layer 1& 0 EXOR Display of Layer 1& 0 OR Display of Layer 1& 0 Only Layer1 selected for display Only Layer0 selected for display Graphic Display Off * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable 9.3 Brightness Set (C/D= "1") The Brightness level of the display screen can be scaled by the following four bit control. Please note that the brightness is consistent across the illuminated pixels. There is no scaling of individual pixels. The display self-initializes to 100% brightness. MSB LSB 0 1 0 0 < --------------------------- > BW3 BW2 BW1 BW0 < ---------------------------- > Command Select Brightness Level Data 8 GU128X64-800B 9.3 Cont'd Brightness levels are set by the following: BW3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 BW2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 9.4 Display Clear (C/D= "1") BW1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 BW0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Brightness Level 100%(Light) 94% 87% 81% 75% 69% 62% 56% 50% 44% 37% 31% 25% 19% 12% 6%(Dark) This command clears the GRAM. This command should always be applied at power on or reset. In the period of 1mS following the issue of this command, the module requires internal processing and does not accept any commands. MSB LSB 0 1 0 1 G1C G0C 1 HM < --------------------------- > < ---------------------------- > Command Select Clear Control Code To clear the GRAM area, G1C or G0C bit must be asserted. By asserting HM bit, both data write position address and display start position address which selected by G1C, G0C, DC also be reset. HM = (1 or 0) equals (Initialize data write position address and display start position address or Not initialize). G1C= (1 or 0) equals (GRAM area 1 is cleared or GRAM area 1 not cleared) G0C= (1 or 0) equals (GRAM area 0 cleared or GRAM area 0 not cleared) GRAM area 1: X= 00H-7FH, Y=0H - 7H (Display data write position address) GRAM area 2: X= 00H-7FH, Y=8H - FH (Display data write position address) 9 GU128X64-800B 9.5 Display Area Set (C/D="1", only used for Initialize Set) This command sets the display area block as Graphic Display (GRAM) or Character display (DDRAM). But, this is version which has no Font ROM. Therefore, DDRAM is not available, all of display area block must be assigned to GRAM as the initialize setting, and this must be done when the module is powered up and also every time the reset is applied. Setup is performed by 3-byte command. 1st Byte: (C/D="1") Command Select MSB LSB 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 < ------------------------------------------------------------ > Command Select 2nd Byte: (C/D="1") Display Area Data Address Select MSB LSB 0 0 0 0 0 A2 A1 A0 < ------------------ > (0H - 7H) Display Area Data Address 3rd Byte: (C/D="0") Display Area Block Select MSB LSB 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 < ------------------------------------------------------------- > Display Data D0 to D7 = "1": D0 to D7 = "0": Graphic Display (GRAM) Character Display (DDRAM, Not available) Display area block is assigned as follows on a screen. 8 dot 16 dot D0 D4 D0 D4 D0 D4 D0 D4 D0 D4 D0 D4 D0 D4 D0 D4 D1 D5 D1 D5 D1 D5 D1 D5 D1 D5 D1 D5 D1 D5 D1 D5 D2 D6 D2 D6 D2 D6 D2 D6 D2 D6 D2 D6 D2 D6 D2 D6 D3 D7 D3 D7 D3 D7 D3 D7 D3 D7 D3 D7 D3 D7 D3 D7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Display Area Data Address (0 to 7H) 10 GU128X64-800B 9.6 GRAM Data Write position Address Set (Graphic Display) (C/D="1") This command specifies both X & Y data write position address. 9.6.1 GRAM Data Write Position X Address Set Data write position X address of GRAM expressed with 8 bits (00Hex-7FHex) is specified. Refer to 8.1 Graphic Display (GRAM) on Page #5. 1st Byte: Command Select MSB LSB * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 * < ------------------------------------------------------------- > 2nd Byte: GRAM Data Write Position X Address MSB LSB 0 GXA6 GXA5 GXA4 GXA3 GXA2 GXA1 GXA0 < ------------------------------------------------------------- > 9.6.2 GRAM Data Write Position Y Address Set Data write position Y address of GRAM expressed with 4 bits (0Hex-FHex) is specified. 1st Byte: MSB LSB 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 * < -------------------------------------------------------------- > * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable Command Select 2nd Byte: MSB * * * * GYA3 GYA2 LSB GYA0 GYA1 * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable < -------------------------- > 9.7 GRAM Display Start Position Address Set (C/D="1") 9.7.1 Horizontal Shift This command specifies the address that a display pattern can be positioned to by 8 bits (00Hex to 7FHex). This is equivalent to an offset in the X-axis. 1st Byte: MSB LSB 0 1 1 1 < --------------------------- > * * * * * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable Command Select 2nd Byte: MSB LSB XA7 XA6 XA5 XA4 XA3 XA2 XA1 XA0 < -------------------------------------------------------------- > GRAM Display Start Position Address 9.7.2 Vertical Shift This is equivalent to an offset Y-axis. MSB 1 LSB 0 1 1 < --------------------------- > Command Select UD S1 S0 * * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable < ------------------ > Display Shift Data UD= "1": Display scrolled up. UD= "0": Display scrolled down. S1= "0", S0= "1": Display shift by 8 dots. S1= "1", S0= "0": Display shift by 1 dot. S1= "1", S0= "1": Display shift by 2 dots. 11 GU128X64-800B 9.8 Address Mode SetC/D="1" This command specifies the GRAM data write position address auto increment mode. MSB LSB 1 0 0 0 < --------------------------- > Command Select * IGX IGY < ---------------- > * * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable Address Mode data IGX = "1" : X-Address +1(increment) when writing to GRAM.(It not affect to Y-Address.) IGX = "0" : GRAM X address fixed mode IGY = "1" : Y-Address +1(increment) when writing to GRAM.(It not affect to X-Address IGY = "0" : GRAM Y address fixed mode. 9.9 Address Read C/D ="1" This command reads both vertical and horizontal display start position addresses of GRAM (Refer to sect. 8 Display Screen and Initialize set on Page # 4). On the parallel interface, the data bus outputs the address until CSS goes high after the READY signal goes active (Parallel #1:RD=LOW, Parallel #2:R/W=HIGH). The Data bus becomes an input when other. On the serial interface, TXD outputs the data from SCK rising after command is issued until the CSS goes high. Refer to 10.Interface on Page #15. 1st Byte: MSB LSB 1 1 0 1 < --------------------------- > 0 1 * * * Either a "0" or a "1" is acceptable Command Select MSB LSB 2nd Byte: * VG6 VG5 VG4 VG3 VG2 VG1 VG0 (Read) 3rd Byte: HG7 HG6 HG5 HG4 HG3 HG2 HG1 HG0 (Read) < -------------------------------------------------------------- > Vertical & Horizontal display start position address (GRAM) VG0 to VG6: Vertical display start position address HG0 to HG7: Horizontal display start position address 12 GU128X64-800B 9.10 Data Write to Graphic Display(GRAM) (C/D="0") Can be written into GRAM by setting GRAM X or Y data write position address. Example: Writing "EA Hex" sets "D1, 3, 5, 6, 7 =1" and "D0, 2, 4 =0". D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Display 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 Input Data : Display ON 13 GU128X64-800B 9.11 Default Status at Reset When the reset is applied, the display self-initializes into the following status: GRAM Layer: Display ON/OFF: Display Area: Layer ( 0 ) Display ( Off ) All DDRAM (Character display area) All of display area block must be assigned to GRAM again as the initialize setting after reset is applied because DDRAM is not available. GRAM X-address: GRAM Y-address: Brightness Level: Fixed mode Fixed mode 100% Brightness The following precautions should be observed at power on, and after a reset: External Reset: After Vcc reaches 2.5V, the Reset level is "Low" for more than 1.5mS. Power-Up: The following sequence occurs: Data receive VCC 2.5V Min 1. 5ms VC C<0.3V 0D0) on the rising edge of SCK. After the 8th clock edge, the data stream is RXD converted to 8 bit parallel data. Recognition of the RXD input as either data or command is th determined by C/D on the 8 pulse TXD SCK. Valid D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 (After Read Command) 10.3.1 Timing Min40nS CSS Min150nS Min30nS Min0nS VAILD C/D SCK Min80nS Min80nS Min40nS 2nd Min80 Min200nS nS 8th Min40nS WRITE RXD TXD READ Max150nS Min150nS Min0nS 17 GU128X64-800B 11. Jumper 11.1 Jumper Position Component side of board J2 J1 CN1 11.2 Jumper Setting (Must be done when power is OFF) J1 X 1 0 Interface 1:Open J2 0 1 1 0:Short Function Serial Interface Parallel #1 Interface (Default) Parallel #2 Interface X: Open or Short 18 GU128X64-800B 12. Pin Assignment (See connector diagrams below) 12.1 Signal Connection Pin No. 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 Parallel #1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ___ WR __ C/D ____ RD Description Parallel #2 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ___ R/W __ C/D Serial Pin No. x x x x x x TXD RXD Description Parallel #1 Parallel #2 Serial 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND x 18 GND GND GND __ C/D 20 GND GND GND ENCK SCK 22 GND GND GND 23 CSS ____ CSS ____ CSS 24 GND GND GND 25 FRP FRP FRP 26 _______ RESET _______ RESET _______ RESET ____ 12.2 Connectors 2pin 1pin Power Connector: JST: B3B-XH-A or equivalent 3pin Pin No. Description 1 Vcc 2 Test (Factory Only) 3 GND PCB Data Connector IMSA: 9032B-26P or Equivalent 25pin 1pin PCB 26pin 2pin 19 GU128X64-800B 13. Outline Dimension 20 GU128X64-800B Notice for the Cautious Handling VFD Modules Handling and Usage Precautions: Please carefully follow the appropriate product application notes for proper usage, safety handling, and operation standards for maximum performance. [VFD tubes are made of glass] * Because the edges of the VFD glass-envelop are not smooth, it is necessary to handle carefully to avoid injuries to your hands * Please avoid breaking the VFD glass-envelop to prevent injury from sharp glass particles. * The tip of the exhaust pipe is fragile so avoid shock from impact. * It is recommended to allow sufficient open space surrounding the exhaust pipe to avoid possible damage. * Please design the PCB for the VFD-module within 0.3 mm warping tolerance to avoid any forces that may damage the display due to PCB distortion causing a breakdown of the electrical circuit leading to VFD failure. [High voltage] * Avoid touching conductive electrical parts, because the VFD-module uses high voltage exceeding 30100 volts. * Even when electric power is turned off, it may take more than one minute for the electrical current to discharge. [Cable connection] * Do not unplug the power and/or data cables of VFD-modules during operating condition because unrecoverable damage may result. * Sending input signals to the VFD-module during a power off condition sometimes causes I/O port damage. * It is recommended to use a 30 cm or shorter signal cable to prevent functional failures. [Electrostatic charge] * VFD-modules needs electrostatic free packaging and protection from electrostatic charges during handling and usage. [Structure] * During operation, VFD and VFD-modules generate heat. Please consider sufficient heat radiation dissipation using heat sink solutions. * We prefer to use UL grade materials or components in conjunction with VFD-modules. * Wrap and twist motion causes stress and may break VFDs & VFD modules. Please adhere to allowances within 0.3mm at the point of attachment. [Power] * Apply regulated power to the VFD-module within specified voltages to protect from failures. * Because some VFD-modules may consume in rush current equal to twice the typical current at power-on timing, we recommend using a sufficient power capability and quick starting of the power regulator. * VFD-module needs a specified voltage at the point of connection. Please use an adequate power cable to avoid a decrease in voltage. We also recommend inserting a power fuse for extra protection. [Operating consideration] * Illuminating phosphor will decrease in brightness during extended operation. If a fixed pattern illuminates for an extended period,( several hours), the phosphor efficiency will decrease compared to the non operating phosphor causing a non uniform brightness among pixels. Please consider programming the display patterns to use all phosphor segments evenly. Scrolling may be a consideration for a period of time to refresh the phosphor condition and improve even illumination to the pixels. * We recommend using a signal cable 30cm or less to avoid some possible disturbances to the signal. [Storage and operating environment] * Please use VFD-modules under the recommended specified environmental conditions. Salty, sulfur and dusty environments may damage the VFD-module even during storage. [Discard] * Some VFDs contain a small amount of cadmium in the phosphor and lead in the solder. When discarding VFDs or VFD-modules, please adhere to governmental related laws or regulations. [Others] * Although the VFD-module is designed to be protected from electrical noise, please plan your circuitry to exclude as much noise as possible. * Do not reconstruct or repair the VFD-module without our authorization. We cannot assure the quality or reliability of unauthorized reconstructed VFD-modules. Notice: We do not authorize the use of any patents that may be inherent in these specifications. Neither whole nor partial copying of these specifications are permitted without our approval. If necessary , please ask for assistance from our sales consultant. This product is not designed for military, aerospace, medical or other life-critical applications. If you choose to use this product for these applications, please ask us for prior consultation or we cannot take responsibility for problems that may occur. 21