LTC4290/LTC4271 8-Port PoE/PoE+/LTPoE++ PSE Controller FEATURES DESCRIPTION Eight Independent PSE Channels nn Compliant with IEEE 802.3at Type 1 and 2 nn Chipset Provides Electrical Isolation nn Reduced BOM Cost nn Eliminates up to 6 High Speed Opto-Couplers nn Eliminates Isolated 3.3V Power Supply nn Low Power Dissipation nn 0.25 Sense Resistance Per Channel nn Very High Reliability 4-Point PD Detection nn 2-Point Forced Voltage nn 2-Point Forced Current nn V EE and VPORT Monitoring nn 1 Second Rolling I PORT Averaging nn Supports 2-Pair and 4-Pair Output Power nn 1MHz I2C Compatible Serial Control Interface nn Available In Three Power Grades nn A-Grade - LTPoE++TM 38.7W to 90W nn B-Grade - PoE+ 25.5W nn C-Grade - PoE 13W nn Available In a 40-Lead 6mm x 6mm (LTC4290) and 24-Lead 4mm x 4mm (LTC4271) QFN Package The LTC(R)4290/LTC4271 chipset is an 8-port power sourcing equipment (PSE) controller designed for use in IEEE 802.3at Type 1 and Type 2 (high power) compliant Power over Ethernet (PoE) systems. Transformer-isolated communication protocol replaces expensive opto-couplers and complex isolated 3.3V supply resulting in significant BOM cost savings. The LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset delivers lowest-in-industry heat dissipation by utilizing low-RDS(ON) external MOSFETs and 0.25 sense resistors. nn APPLICATIONS nn nn Advanced power management features include per-port 12bit current monitoring ADCs, DAC-programmable current limit, and versatile fast shut-down of preselected ports. Advanced power management host software is available under a no-cost license. PD discovery uses a proprietary dual-mode 4-point detection mechanism ensuring excellent immunity from false PD detection. Midspan PSEs are supported with 2-event classification and a 2 second backoff timer. The LTC4290/LTC4271 includes an I2C serial interface operable up to 1MHz. The LTC4290/LTC4271 is available in multiple power grades allowing delivered PD power up to 90W. L, LT, LTC, LTM, Burst Mode, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks and LTPoE++ is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PoE PSE Switches/Routers PoE PSE Midspans TYPICAL APPLICATION 3.3V NO ISOLATION REQUIRED ON I2C INTERFACE GP0 GP1 XIO0 VDD33 MID RESET MSD AUTO INT LTC4271 SCL SDAIN SDAOUT AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD6 DGND 0.1F CPD XIO1 OUTn CPA 100 3.3V * * 100 -54V CNA DPD DPA 3.3V * 100 DND CAP1 SENSEn LTC4290 100 -54V 0.25 0.22F 100V GATE1 DNA SENSE1 AGND CAP2 VEE VSSK 1F 0.1F 2nF 2kV S1B OUT1 100 10 PORTn GATEn 100 * S1B 100 CND 100 0.22F 100V 1F -54V 0.25 >47F SYSTEM BULK CAP LTC4290/LTC4271 FAMILY MAX LTC4290 DELIVERED GRADE ISOLATION LTPoE++ PoE+ PoE POWER -54V A Transformer S1B B Transformer PORT1 C Transformer l l l 90W l l 25.5W l 13W S1B -54V + -54V 429071 TA01a 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 1 LTC4290/LTC4271 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Notes 1, 4) (Note 1) LTC4290 Supply Voltages AGND - VEE............................................ -0.3V to 80V VSSK (Note 7)...................... VEE - 0.3V to VEE + 0.3V Digital Pins XIOn .................................. VEE - 0.3V to CAP2 + 0.3V Analog Pins SENSEn, GATEn, OUTn ......... VEE - 0.3V to VEE + 80V CAP2 (Note 13) ........................ VEE -0.3V to VEE + 5V CPA, CNA, DPA, DNA...............VEE - 0.3V to VEE + 0.3 Operating Ambient Temperature Range LTC4290I..............................................-40C to 85C Junction Temperature (Note 2)............................. 125C Storage Temperature Range................... -65C to 150C LTC4271 Supply Voltages VDD - DGND.......................................... -0.3V to 3.6V Digital Pins SCL, SDAIN, SDAOUT, INT, RESET, MSD, ADn, AUTO, MID, GPn .........................DGND - 0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Analog Pins CAP1 (Note 13)............................-0.3V to DGND + 2V CPD, CND, DPD, DND.......DGND - 0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Operating Ambient Temperature Range LTC4271I..............................................-40C to 85C Junction Temperature (Note 2)............................. 125C Storage Temperature Range................... -65C to 150C 2 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 PIN CONFIGURATION LTC4271 28 OUT8 GATE2 4 27 GATE7 OUT2 5 41 VSSK CAP2 6 CAP1 24 23 22 21 20 19 29 GATE8 OUT1 3 VDD33 30 VEE GATE1 2 AUTO MSD 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 VEE 1 GP1 NC TOP VIEW NC VEE NC NC DNA DPA CNA CPA VEE TOP VIEW GP0 LTC4290 AD0 1 18 SCL AD1 2 17 SDAIN 26 OUT7 AD2 3 25 AGND AD3 4 16 SDAOUT 25 DGND 15 INT 24 GATE6 AD6 5 14 RESET OUT3 8 23 OUT6 MID 6 13 DNC GATE4 9 22 GATE5 VDD33 DND 9 10 11 12 DPD NC XIO1 SENSE8 SENSE7 SENSE6 SENSE5 SENSE4 SENSE3 SENSE2 XIO0 SENSE1 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 8 CPD 7 21 OUT5 OUT4 10 CND GATE3 7 UF PACKAGE 24-LEAD (4mm x 4mm) PLASTIC QFN UJ PACKAGE 40-LEAD (6mm x 6mm) PLASTIC QFN TJMAX = 125C, JC = 4C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 25) IS DGND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB TJMAX = 125C, JC = 2C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 41) IS VSSK, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB ORDER INFORMATION LEAD FREE FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING PACKAGE DESCRIPTION MAX PWR TEMPERATURE RANGE LTC4271IUF#PBF LTC4271IUF#TRPBF 4271 24-Lead (4mm x 4mm) Plastic QFN LTC4290AIUJ#PBF LTC4290AIUJ#TRPBF LTC4290AUJ 40-Lead (6mm x 6mm) Plastic QFN 90W -40C to 85C LTC4290BIUJ#PBF LTC4290BIUJ#TRPBF LTC4290BUJ 40-Lead (6mm x 6mm) Plastic QFN 25.5W -40C to 85C LTC4290CIUJ#PBF LTC4290CIUJ#TRPBF LTC4290CUJ 40-Lead (6mm x 6mm) Plastic QFN 13W -40C to 85C -40C to 85C Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts. For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/ 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 3 LTC4290/LTC4271 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. AGND - VEE = 54V and VDD - DGND = 3.3V unless otherwise noted. (Notes 3 & 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER VEE VDD Main PoE Supply Voltage CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS AGND - VEE For IEEE Type 1 Compliant Output For IEEE Type 2 Compliant Output For LTPoE++ Compliant Output l l l 45 51 54.75 Undervoltage Lock-Out AGND - VEE l 20 VDD Supply Voltage VDD - DGND l 3.0 Undervoltage Lock-Out VDD - DGND 2.7 V 57 57 57 V V V 25 30 V 3.3 3.6 V VCAP1 Internal Regulator Supply Voltage VCAP1 - DGND 1.84 V VCAP2 Internal Regulator Supply Voltage VCAP2 - VEE 4.3 V IEE VEE Supply Current (AGND - VEE) = 55V l REE VEE Supply Resistance VEE < 15V l IDD VDD Supply Current (VDD - DGND) = 3.3V l Detection Current - Forced Current First Point, AGND - VOUTn = 9V Second Point, AGND - VOUTn = 3.5V l l Detection Voltage - Forced Voltage AGND - VOUTn, 5A IOUTn 500A First Point Second Point l l 9 15 mA 12 k 10 15 mA 220 143 240 160 260 180 A A 7 3 8 4 9 5 V V 0.9 Detection VOC Detection Current Compliance AGND - VOUTn = 0V l 0.8 Detection Voltage Compliance AGND - VOUTn, Open Port l 10.4 Detection Voltage Slew Rate AGND - VOUTn, CPORT = 0.15F l 12 mA V 0.01 V/s Min. Valid Signature Resistance l 15.5 17 18.5 k Max. Valid Signature Resistance l 27.5 29.7 32 k Classification VCLASS VMARK Classification Voltage AGND - VOUTn, 0mA IOUTn 50mA l 16.0 Classification Current Compliance VOUTn = AGND l 53 61 20.5 67 mA V Classification Threshold Current Class 0-1 Class 1-2 Class 2-3 Class 3-4 Class 4-Overcurrent l l l l l 5.5 13.5 21.5 31.5 45.2 6.5 14.5 23 33 48 7.5 15.5 24.5 34.9 50.8 mA mA mA mA mA Classification Mark State Voltage AGND - VOUTn, 0.1mA ICLASS 5mA l 7.5 9 10 V Mark State Current Compliance VOUTn = AGND l 53 61 67 mA GATE Pin Pull-Down Current Port Off, VGATEn = VEE + 5V Port Off, VGATEn = VEE + 1V l l 0.4 0.08 0.12 mA mA GATE Pin Fast Pull-Down Current VGATEn = VEE + 5V 30 mA GATE Pin On Voltage VGATEn - VEE, IGATEn = 1A l Power Good Threshold Voltage VOUTn - VEE l 2 2.4 2.8 V OUT Pin Pull-Up Resistance to AGND 0V (AGND - VOUT) 5V l 300 500 700 k Gate Driver 8 12 14 V Output Voltage Sense VPG 4 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. AGND - VEE = 54V and VDD - DGND = 3.3V unless otherwise noted. (Notes 3 & 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER VCUT VLIM CONDITIONS Overcurrent Sense Voltage VSENSEn - VEE, hpen = 0Fh, cutn = D4h hpen = 0Fh, cutn = E2h (Note 12) Overcurrent Sense in AUTO Pin Mode Class 0, Class 3 Class 1 Class 2 Class 4 Active Current Limit in 802.3af Compliant Mode VSENSEn - VEE, hpen = 0Fh, limn = 80h, (AGND - VEE) = 55V VEE < VOUT < AGND - 29V AGND - VOUT = 0V (Note 12) Active Current Limit in High Power Mode Active Current Limit in AUTO Pin Mode hpen = 0Fh, limn = C0h, (AGND - VEE) = 55V VOUT - VEE = 0 - 10V VEE + 23V < VOUT < AGND - 29V AGND - VOUT = 0V (Note 12) VEE < VOUT < AGND - 10V, (AGND - VEE) = 55V Class 0 to Class 3 Class 4 VMIN DC Disconnect Sense Voltage VSENSE - VEE, rdis Bit = 0 VSENSE - VEE, rdis Bit = 1 (Note 12) VSC Short-Circuit Sense VSENSEn - VEE - VLIM (Note 12) rdis Bit = 0 rdis Bit = 1 MIN TYP MAX UNITS l l 89 152 94 159 99 168 mV mV l l l l 89 26 49 152 94 28 52 159 99 30 55 168 mV mV mV mV l l 102 25 106 112 50 mV mV l l l 204 102 25 212 106 225 115 50 mV mV mV l l 102 204 106 212 112 225 mV mV l l 2.6 1.3 3.8 1.9 4.9 2.45 mV mV l l 125 70 200 100 255 125 mV mV Port Current Readback Resolution No Missing Codes, Reported as 14 Bits LSB Weight VSENSEn - VEE 12 Conversion Period Bits 30.518 V/LSB 25.1 ms/ Convert Port Voltage Readback Resolution No Missing Codes, Reported as 14 Bits LSB Weight AGND - VOUTn 12 Bits 5.8350 mV/LSB Digital Interface VILD VIHD Digital Input Low Voltage ADn, RESET, MSD, GPn, AUTO, MID (Note 6) l 0.8 V I2C Input Low Voltage SCL, SDAIN (Note 6) l 1.0 V Digital Input High Voltage (Note 6) l Digital Output Voltage Low ISDAOUT = 3mA, IINT = 3mA ISDAOUT = 5mA, IINT = 5mA l l Internal Pull Up to VDD ADn, RESET, MSD, GPn 50 k Internal Pull Down To DGND AUTO, MID 50 k 2.2 V 0.4 0.7 V V 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 5 LTC4290/LTC4271 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. AGND - VEE = 54V and VDD - DGND = 3.3V unless otherwise noted. (Notes 3 & 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS XIO VOLX XIO Digital Output Low VXIOn - VEE, IXIOn = 5mA l VOHX XIO Digital Output High VXIOn - VEE, IXIOn = 100A l 0.7 XIO Digital Input Low Voltage VXIOn - VEE l XIO Digital Input High Voltage VXIOn - VEE l Internal Pull Up to CAP2 XIO0, XIO1 50 k 3.5 V V 0.8 3.4 V V PSE Timing Characteristics tDET Detection Time Beginning To End of Detection (Note 7) 220 ms tCLE Class Event Duration (Note 7) 12 ms tCLEON Class Event Turn On Duration CPORT = 0.6F (Note 7) tME Mark Event Duration (Note 7, Note 11) tMEL Last Mark Event Duration (Note 7, Note 11) l tPON Power On Delay in AUTO Pin Mode From End of Valid Detect to Application of Power to Port (Note 7) l Turn-On Rise Time (AGND - VOUT): 10% to 90% of (AGND VEE) CPORT = 0.15F (Note 7) l Turn-On Ramp Rate CPORT = 0.15F (Note 7) l 10 V/s tTOCL Turn-On Class Transition CPORT = 0.15F (Note 7) l 0.1 ms tED Fault Delay From ICUT or ILIM Fault to Next Detect (Note 7) l 1.0 1.1 Midspan Mode Detection Backoff RPORT = 15.5k (Note 7) l 2.3 2.5 2.7 s Power Removal Detection Delay From Power Removal After tDIS to Next Detect (Note 7) l 1.0 1.3 2.5 s tSTART Maximum Current Limit Duration During Port Start-Up (Note 7) l 52 59 66 ms tCUT Maximum Overcurrent Duration After Port StartUp (Note 7) l 52 59 66 ms Maximum Overcurrent Duty Cycle (Note 7) l 5.8 6.3 6.7 % tLIM Maximum Current Limit Duration After Port Start- tLIM = 1 (Note 7, Note 12) Up - tLIM Enabled l 10 12 14 ms Maximum Current Limit Duration After Port Start- tLIM = 0 (Note 7, Note 12) Up - tLIM as tCUT l 52 59 66 ms tMPS Maintain Power Signature (MPS) Pulse Width Sensitivity Current Pulse Width to Reset Disconnect Timer (Note 7, Note 8) l 1.6 3.6 ms tDIS Maintain Power Signature (MPS) Dropout Time (Note 7, Note 5) l 320 380 ms tMSD Masked Shut Down Delay (Note 7) 6.5 s I2C Watchdog Timer Duration (Note 7) l 1.5 Minimum Pulse Width for Masked Shut Down (Note 7) l 3 s Minimum Pulse Width for RESET (Note 7) l 4.5 s 6 0.1 l 16 ms 22 ms 60 15 ms 8.6 24 350 2 ms s s 3 s 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. AGND - VEE = 54V and VDD - DGND = 3.3V unless otherwise noted. (Notes 3 & 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS I2C Timing fSCLK Clock Frequency (Note 7) l 1 t1 Bus Free Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 480 ns t2 Start Hold Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 240 ns t3 SCL Low Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 480 ns t4 SCL High Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 240 ns t5 SDAIN Data Hold Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 60 ns t5 Data Clock to SDAOUT Valid Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 130 MHz ns t6 Data Set-Up Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 80 ns t7 Start Set-Up Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 240 ns t8 Stop Set-Up Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 240 ns tr SCL, SDAIN Rise Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 120 ns tf SCL, SDAIN Fall Time Figure 5 (Notes 7, 9) l 60 ns Fault Present to INT Pin Low (Notes 7, 9, 10) l 150 ns Stop Condition to INT Pin Low (Notes 7, 9, 10) l 1.5 s ARA to INT Pin High Time (Notes 7, 9) l 1.5 s SCL Fall to ACK Low (Notes 7, 9) l 130 ns Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. With the exception of (VDD - DGND), exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: This IC includes overtemperature protection that is intended to protect the device during momentary overload conditions. Junction temperature will exceed 140C when overtemperature protection is active. Continuous operation above the specified maximum operating junction temperature may impair device reliability. Note 3: All currents into device pins are positive; all currents out of device pins are negative. Note 4: The LTC4290 operates with a negative supply voltage (with respect to AGND). To avoid confusion, voltages in this data sheet are referred to in terms of absolute magnitude. Note 5: tDIS is the same as tMPDO defined by IEEE 802.3 Note 6: The LTC4271 digital interface operates with respect to DGND. All logic levels are measured with respect to DGND. Note 7: Guaranteed by design, not subject to test. Note 8: The IEEE 802.3 specification allows a PD to present its Maintain Power Signature (MPS) on an intermittent basis without being disconnected. In order to stay powered, the PD must present the MPS for tMPS within any tMPDO time window. Note 9: Values Measured at VILD and VIHD Note 10: If a fault condition occurs during an I2C transaction, the INT pin will not be pulled down until a stop condition is present on the I2C bus. Note 11: Load characteristics of the LTC4290 during Mark: 7V < (AGND - VOUTn) < 10V or IOUT < 50A. Note 12: See the LTC4271 Software Programming documentation for information on serial bus usage and device configuration and status registers. Note 13: Do not source or sink current from CAP1 and CAP2. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 7 LTC4290/LTC4271 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 802.3af Power On Sequence in AUTO Pin Mode 0 802.3at Power On Sequence in AUTO Pin Mode 0 AGND FORCED VOLTAGE DETECTION -30 802.3af CLASSIFICATION VEE = -55V CLASS 3 PD POWER ON VEE FORCED CURRENT DETECTION -20 FORCED VOLTAGE DETECTION -30 -40 -50 VEE = -55V CLASS 4 PD 802.3at CLASSIFICATION POWER ON VEE 0mA GATE VOLTAGE 10V/DIV VEE DETECT WITH 60Hz NOISE NORMAL DETECT POWER ON 429071 G03 Classification Transient Response to 40mA Load Step 40mA PORT CURRENT 20mA/DIV 0mA VEE = -54V 425mA CURRENT LIMIT VDD = 3.3V VEE = -54V -2 PORT VOLTAGE 1V/DIV -20V FET ON -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14 -16 -18 429071 G05 50s/DIV 5ms/DIV Classification Current Compliance 0 LOAD FULLY CHARGED FOLDBACK 802.3af CLASSIFICATION 50ms/DIV CLASSIFICATION VOLTAGE (V) AGND PORT CURRENT 200mA/DIV FORCED CURRENT DETECTION -15 429071 G02 Powering Up into a 180F Load VEE -10 -25 429071 G01 PORT VOLTAGE 20V/DIV -5 50ms/DIV 50ms/DIV FORCED VOLTAGE DETECTION AGND -20 -60 -60 PORT OFF 0 PORT VOLTAGE (V) PORT VOLTAGE (V) PORT VOLTAGE (V) FORCED CURRENT DETECTION -20 -50 5 AGND -10 -10 -40 Power On Sequence with 10VPP 60Hz Noise -20 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 CLASSIFICATION CURRENT (mA) 429071 G04 429071 G06 VDD Supply Current vs Voltage IDD SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 9.0 6.0 0.0 VEE Supply Current vs Voltage 8.5 12.0 3.0 9.0 85C 25C -40 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 VDD SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) IEE SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 15.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 -60 85C 25C -40 -50 -40 -30 VEE SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 429071 G07 8 70 -20 429071 G08 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 802.3at ILIM Threshold vs Temperature 208 832 204 -40 -20 0 162 648 160 640 158 632 156 624 154 616 152 -40 -20 816 100 120 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C) 656 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C) DC Disconnect Threshold vs Temperature 802.3at Current Limit Foldback PORT 1 REG 47h = E2h RSENSE = 0.25 7 1.50 6 0 ILIM (mA) 1.75 700 150 500 125 400 100 300 75 200 50 100 25 -45 -36 -27 -18 VOUTn (V) INT and SDAOUT Pull Down Voltage vs Load Current 0 0 MOSFET Gate Drive With Fast Pull Down 3.0 GND VDD = 3.3V VEE = -54V PORT VOLTAGE 20V/DIV 2.5 PULLDOWN VOLTAGE (V) -9 429071 G12 429071 G11 2.0 VEE 1.5 FAST PULL DOWN GATE VOLTAGE 10V/DIV VEE 1.0 PORT CURRENT 500mA/DIV 0mA 0.5 0.0 175 600 0 -54 5 100 120 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C) 200 VLIM (mV) 8 225 PORT 1 REG 48h = C0h RSENSE = 0.25 800 9 2.00 1.25 -40 -20 900 10 IMIN (mA) VMIN (mV) 2.25 608 100 120 429071 G10 429071 G09 2.50 ICUT (mA) 848 ILIM (mA) 212 664 PORT 1 REG 47h = E2h 164 R SENSE = 0.25 864 216 VLIM (mV) 166 880 PORT 1 REG 48h = C0h RSENSE = 0.25 VCUT (mV) 220 802.3at ICUT Threshold vs Temperature 0 10 20 30 40 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 50 50 FAULT APPLIED 60 CURRENT LIMIT 50 FAULT REMOVED 100s/DIV 429071 G14 429071 G13 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 9 LTC4290/LTC4271 TEST TIMING DIAGRAMS CLASSIFICATION tDET FORCED-CURRENT VPORTn FORCEDVOLTAGE tME 0V tMEL VOC VMARK 15.5V VCLASS 20.5V tCLE tCLE PD CONNECTED tCLEON tPON VEE INT 429071 F01 Figure 1. Detect, Class and Turn-On Timing in AUTO Pin or Semi-auto Modes VLIM VCUT VSENSEn TO VEE 0V tSTART, tCUT INT 429071 F02 Figure 2. Current Limit Timing VSENSEn TO VEE VMIN INT tMPS tDIS 429071 F03 Figure 3. DC Disconnect Timing 10 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 TEST TIMING DIAGRAMS VGATEn VEE tMSD MSD 429071 F04 Figure 4. Shut Down Delay Timing t3 tr t4 tf SCL t2 t5 t6 t7 t8 SDA t1 429071 F05 Figure 5. I2C Interface Timing 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 11 LTC4290/LTC4271 I2C TIMING DIAGRAMS SCL SDA AD6 1 0 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 R/W ACK A7 START BY MASTER A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 ACK BY SLAVE FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE A0 ACK D7 A1 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 ACK BY SLAVE D1 D0 ACK STOP BY MASTER ACK BY SLAVE FRAME 2 REGISTER ADDRESS BYTE FRAME 3 DATA BYTE 429071 F06 Figure 6. Writing to a Register SCL SDA AD6 1 0 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 R/W ACK A7 START BY MASTER A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 ACK BY SLAVE FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE A1 AD6 A0 ACK ACK BY SLAVE 1 0 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 R/W ACK D7 REPEATED START BY MASTER D6 D4 D3 ACK BY SLAVE FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE FRAME 2 REGISTER ADDRESS BYTE D5 D2 D1 D0 ACK NO ACK BY MASTER FRAME 2 DATA BYTE STOP BY MASTER 429071 F07 Figure 7. Reading from a Register SCL SDA AD6 1 0 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 R/W ACK D7 START BY MASTER D6 D5 D4 D3 ACK BY SLAVE D2 D1 D0 ACK STOP BY MASTER NO ACK BY MASTER FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE FRAME 2 DATA BYTE 429071 F08 Figure 8. Reading the Interrupt Register (Short Form) SCL SDA 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 R/W ACK AD6 START BY MASTER 1 ACK BY SLAVE FRAME 1 ALERT RESPONSE ADDRESS BYTE 0 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 1 NO ACK BY MASTER FRAME 2 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE ACK STOP BY MASTER 429071 F09 Figure 9. Reading from Alert Response Address 12 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 PIN FUNCTIONS LTC4290 VEE (Pins 1, 30, 33, 40): Main PoE Supply Input. Connect to a -45V to -57V supply, relative to AGND. Voltage depends on PSE type (Type 1, Type 2 or LTPoE++). GATEn (Pins 2, 4, 7, 9, 22, 24, 27, 29): Port n Gate Drive. GATEn should be connected to the gate of the external MOSFET for port n. When the MOSFET is turned on, the gate voltage is driven to 12V (typ) above VEE. During a current limit condition, the voltage at GATEn will be reduced to maintain constant current through the external MOSFET. If the fault timer expires, GATEn is pulled down, turning the MOSFET off and recording a port fault event. If the port is unused, float the GATEn pin. OUTn (Pins 3, 5, 8, 10, 21, 23, 26, 28): Port n Output Voltage Monitor. OUTn should be connected to the output port. A current limit foldback circuit limits the power dissipation in the external MOSFET by reducing the current limit threshold when the drain-to-source voltage exceeds 10V. The port n Power Good bit is set when the voltage from OUTn to VEE drops below 2.4V (typ). A 500k resistor is connected internally from OUTn to AGND when the port is idle. If the port is unused, the OUTn pin must be floated. CAP2 (Pin 6): Analog Internal 4.3V Power Supply Bypass Capacitor. Connect 0.1F ceramic cap to VEE. XIO0 (Pin 11): General Purpose Digital Input Output. Logic signal between VEE and VEE + 4.3V. Internal pull up. SENSEn (Pins 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19): Port n Current Sense Input. SENSEn monitors the external MOSFET current via a 0.5 or 0.25 sense resistor between SENSEn and VEE. Whenever the voltage across the sense resistor exceeds the overcurrent detection threshold VCUT, the current limit fault timer counts up. If the voltage across the sense resistor reaches the current limit threshold VLIM, the GATEn pin voltage is lowered to maintain constant current in the external MOSFET. See Applications Information for further details. If the port is unused, the SENSEn pin must be tied to VEE. AGND (Pin 25): Analog Ground. Connect AGND to the return for the VEE supply. DNA (Pin 36): Data Transceiver Negative Input Output (Analog). Connect to DND through a data transformer. DPA (Pin 37): Data Transceiver Positive Input Output (Analog). Connect to DPD through a data transformer. CNA (Pin 38): Clock Transceiver Negative Input Output (Analog). Connect to CND through a data transformer. CPA (Pin 39): Clock Transceiver Positive Input Output (Analog). Connect to CPD through a data transformer. VSSK (Exposed Pad Pin 41): Kelvin Sense to VEE. Connect to sense resistor common node. Do not connect directly to VEE plane. See Layout Guide. Common Pins NC, DNC (LTC4271 Pins 7,13; LTC4290 Pins 31, 32, 34, 35): All pins identified with "NC" or "DNC" must be left unconnected. LTC4271 AD0 (Pin 1): Address Bit 0. Tie the address pins high or low to set the starting I2C serial address to which the LTC4271 responds. The chip will respond to this address plus the next two incremental addresses. The base address of the first four ports will be (A610A3A2A1A0)b. The second and third groups of four ports will respond at the next two logical addresses. Internally pulled up to VDD. AD1 (Pin 2): Address Bit 1. See AD0. AD2 (Pin 3): Address Bit 2. See AD0. AD3 (Pin 4): Address Bit 3. See AD0. AD6 (Pin 5): Address Bit 6. See AD0. MID (Pin 6): Midspan Mode Input. When high, the LTC4271 acts as a midspan device. Internally pulled down to DGND. CPD (Pin 8): Clock Transceiver Positive Input Output (Digital). Connect to CPA through a data transformer. XIO1 (Pin 20): General Purpose Digital Input Output. Logic signal between VEE and VEE + 4.3V. Internal pull up. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 13 LTC4290/LTC4271 PIN FUNCTIONS CND (Pin 9): Clock Transceiver Negative Input Output (Digital). Connect to CNA through a data transformer. DPD (Pin 10): Data Transceiver Positive Input Output (Digital). Connect to DPA through a data transformer. DND (Pin 11): Data Transceiver Negative Input Output (Digital). Connect to DNA through a data transformer. VDD33 (Pins 12, 20): VDD IO Power Supply. Connect to a 3.3V power supply relative to DGND. VDD33 must be bypassed to DGND near the LTC4271 with at least a 0.1F capacitor. RESET (Pin 14): Reset Input, Active Low. When the RESET pin is low, the LTC4290/LTC4271 is held inactive with all ports off and all internal registers reset to their power-up states. When RESET is pulled high, the LTC4271 begins normal operation. RESET can be connected to an external capacitor or RC network to provide a power turn-on delay. Internal filtering of the RESET pin prevents glitches less than 1s wide from resetting the LTC4290/LTC4271. Internally pulled up to VDD. INT (Pin 15): Interrupt Output, Open Drain. INT will pull low when any one of several events occur in the LTC4271. It will return to a high impedance state when bits 6 or 7 are set in the Reset PB register (1Ah). The INT signal can be used to generate an interrupt to the host processor, eliminating the need for continuous software polling. Individual INT events can be disabled using the INT Mask register (01h). See LTC4271 Software Programming documentation for more information. The INT pin is only updated between I2C transactions. SDAOUT (Pin 16): Serial Data Output, Open Drain Data Output for the I2C Serial Interface Bus. The LTC4271 uses two pins to implement the bidirectional SDA function to simplify optoisolation of the I2C bus. To implement a standard bidirectional SDA pin, tie SDAOUT and SDAIN together. See Applications Information for more information. 14 SDAIN (Pin 17): Serial Data Input. High impedance data input for the I2C serial interface bus. The LTC4271 uses two pins to implement the bidirectional SDA function to simplify optoisolation of the I2C bus. To implement a standard bidirectional SDA pin, tie SDAOUT and SDAIN together. See Applications Information for more information. SCL (Pin 18): Serial Clock Input. High impedance clock input for the I2C serial interface bus. The SCL pin should be connected directly to the I2C SCL bus line. SCL must be tied high if the I2C serial interface bus is not used. CAP1 (Pin 19): Core Power Supply Bypass Capacitor. Connect a 1F Bypass capacitance to DGND for the internal 1.8V regulator. Do not use other capacitor values. AUTO (Pin 21): AUTO Pin Mode Input. AUTO pin mode allows the LTC4271 to detect and power up a PD even if there is no host controller present on the I2C bus. The AUTO pin determines the state of the internal registers when the LTC4271 is reset or comes out of VDD UVLO (see LTC4271 Software Programming documentation). The states of these register bits can subsequently be changed via the I2C interface. Internally pulled down to DGND. Must be tied locally to either VDD or DGND. GP1 (Pin 22): General Purpose Digital Input Output for customer applications. Referenced to DGND. GP0 (Pin 23): General Purpose Digital Input Output for customer applications. Referenced to DGND. MSD (Pin 24): Maskable Shutdown Input. Active low. When pulled low, all ports that have their corresponding mask bit set in the mconfig register (17h) will be reset. Internal filtering of the MSD pin prevents glitches less than 1s wide from resetting ports. The MSD Pin Mode register can configure the MSD pin polarity. Internally pulled up to VDD. DGND (Exposed Pad Pin 25): Digital Ground. DGND should be connected to the return from the VDD supply. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION OVERVIEW LTC4290/LTC4271 Product Overview Power over Ethernet, or PoE, is a standard protocol for sending DC power over copper Ethernet data wiring. The IEEE group that administers the 802.3 Ethernet data standards added PoE powering capability in 2003. This original PoE spec, known as 802.3af, allowed for 48V DC power at up to 13W. This initial specification was widely popular, but 13W was not adequate for some requirements. In 2009, the IEEE released a new standard, known as 802.3at or PoE+, increasing the voltage and current requirements to provide 25W of power. The LTC4290/LTC4271 is a fourth generation 8-port PSE controller that implements eight PSE ports in either an endpoint or midspan design. Virtually all necessary circuitry is included to implement an IEEE 802.3at compliant PSE design, requiring only an external power MOSFET and sense resistor per channel; these minimize power loss compared to alternative designs with onboard MOSFETs and increase system reliability in the event a single channel fails. The IEEE standard also defines PoE terminology. A device that provides power to the network is known as a PSE, or power sourcing equipment, while a device that draws power from the network is known as a PD, or powered device. PSEs come in two types: Endpoints (typically network switches or routers), which provide data and power; and Midspans, which provide power but pass through data. Midspans are typically used to add PoE capability to existing non-PoE networks. PDs are typically IP phones, wireless access points, security cameras, and similar devices. PoE++ Evolution Even during the process of creating the IEEE PoE+ 25.5W specification it became clear that there was a significant and increasing need for more than 25.5W of delivered power. The A-grade LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset responds to this market by allowing a reliable means of providing up to 90W of delivered power to a LTPoE++ PD. The LTPoE++ specification provides reliable detection and classification extensions to the existing IEEE PoE protocols that are backward compatible and interoperable with existing Type 1 and Type 2 PDs. Unlike other proprietary PoE++ solutions Linear's LTPoE++ provides mutual identification between the PSE and PD. This ensures the LTPoE++ PD knows it may use the requested power at start-up because it has detected a LTPoE++ PSE. LTPoE++ PSEs can differentiate between a LTPoE++ PD and all other types of IEEE compliant PDs allowing LTPoE++ PSEs to remain compliant and interoperable with existing equipment. All grades of the LTC4290/LTC4271 offer advanced fourth generation PSE features, including per-port current monitoring, VEE monitoring, port current policing, one second current averaging and four general purpose input/output pins. The LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset implements a proprietary isolation scheme for inter-chip communication. This architecture dramatically reduces BOM cost by replacing expensive opto-isolators and isolated power supplies with a single low-cost transformer. The LTC4290/LTC4271 comes in three grades which support different PD power levels. The A-grade LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset extends PoE power delivery capabilities to LTPoE++ levels. LTPoE++ is a Linear Technology proprietary specification allowing for the delivery of up to 90W to LTPoE++ compliant PDs. The LTPoE++ architecture extends the IEEE physical power negotiation to include 38.7W, 52.7W, 70W and 90W power levels. The A-grade LTC4290/LTC4271 also incorporates all B- and C-grade features. The B-grade LTC4290/LTC4271 is a fully IEEE-compliant Type 2 PSE supporting autonomous detection, classification and powering of Type 1 and Type 2 PDs. The B-grade LTC4290/LTC4271 also incorporates all C-grade features. The C-grade LTC4290/LTC4271 is a fully autonomous 802.3af Type 1 PSE solution. Intended for use only with the AUTO pin tied high, the C-grade chipset autonomously supports detection, classification and powering of Type 1 PDs. As a Type 1 PSE, two event classification is prohibited and Class 4 PDs are automatically treated as Class 0 PDs. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 15 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION PoE BASICS draw more power than the PSE has available. The classification step is optional; if a PSE chooses not to classify a PD, it must assume that the PD is a 13W (full 802.3af power) device. Common Ethernet data connections consist of two or four twisted pairs of copper wire (commonly known as CAT-5 cable), transformer-coupled at each end to avoid ground loops. PoE systems take advantage of this coupling arrangement by applying voltage between the center-taps of the data transformers to transmit power from the PSE to the PD without affecting data transmission. Figure 10 shows a high level PoE system schematic. New in 802.3at The newer 802.3at standard supersedes 802.3af and brings several new features: * A PD may draw as much as 25.5W. Such PDs (and the PSEs that support them) are known as Type 2. Older 13W 802.3af equipment is classified as Type 1. Type 1 PDs will work with all PSEs; Type 2 PDs may require Type 2 PSEs to work properly. The LTC4290/LTC4271 is designed to work in both Type 1 and Type 2 PSE designs, and also supports non-standard configurations at higher power levels. To avoid damaging legacy data equipment that does not expect to see DC voltage, the PoE spec defines a protocol that determines when the PSE may apply and remove power. Valid PDs are required to have a specific 25k common-mode resistance at their input. When such a PD is connected to the cable, the PSE detects this signature resistance and turns on the power. When the PD is later disconnected, the PSE senses the open circuit and turns power off. The PSE also turns off power in the event of a current fault or short circuit. * The Classification protocol is expanded to allow Type 2 PSEs to detect Type 2 PDs, and to allow Type 2 PDs to determine if they are connected to a Type 2 PSE. Two versions of the new Classification protocol are available: an expanded version of the 802.3af Class Pulse protocol, and an alternate method integrated with the existing LLDP protocol (using the Ethernet When a PD is detected, the PSE optionally looks for a classification signature that tells the PSE the maximum power the PD will draw. The PSE can use this information to allocate power among several ports, to police the current consumption of the PD, or to reject a PD that will PSE RJ45 4 5 GND PD RJ45 4 5 SPARE PAIR 1 AGND I2C CAT 5 20 MAX ROUNDTRIP 0.05F MAX GATE Rx 2 1/8 LTC4290/LTC4271 VEE 1 Tx DATA PAIR 3 2 3 Rx Tx 6 DATA PAIR 6 GND PWRGD LTC4265 -54V 7 7 8 -54VIN -54VOUT DC/DC CONVERTER + VOUT - 8 SPARE PAIR 429071 F10 Figure 10. Power Over Ethernet System Diagram 16 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION data path). The LTC4290/LTC4271 fully supports the new Class Pulse protocol and is also compatible with the LLDP protocol (which is implemented in the data communications layer, not in the PoE circuitry). * Fault protection current levels and timing are adjusted to reduce peak power in the MOSFET during a fault; this allows the new 25.5W power levels to be reached using the same MOSFETs as older 13W designs. Extended Power LTPoE++ A-grade LTC4290/LTC4271 parts add the capability to autonomously deliver up to 90W of power to the PD. LTPoE++ PDs may forgoe 802.3 LLDP support and rely solely on the LTPoE++ Physical Classification to negotiate power with LTPoE++ PSEs; this greatly simplifies highpower PD implementations. Some LTC4266 registers have been obsoleted in the LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset. The obsoleted registers are not required for 802.3at compliant PSE operation. For more details about software differences between the LTC4266 and LTC4290/LTC4271, refer to the LTC4271 Software Programming document. Operation with high power mode disabled is obsoleted in the LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset. All operations previously available in low power mode are fully implemented as a subset of the high power mode capabilities. OPERATING MODES The LTC4290/LTC4271 includes eight independent ports, each of which can operate in one of four modes: manual, semi-auto, AUTO pin, or shutdown. LTPoE++ may be optionally enabled for A-grade LTC4290/ LTC4271s by setting both the High Power Enable and LTPoE++ Enable bits. Table 2. Operating Modes The higher levels of LTPoE++ delivery impose additional layout and component selection constraints. LTC4290 pin selects allow the AUTO pin mode LTC4271 to autonomously power up to supported power levels. If the AUTO pin is high, the XIO1 and XIO0 pins are sampled at reset to determine the maximum deliverable power. PDs requesting more than the available power limits are not powered. AUTO Pin 1 11b Reserved 0 Semi-auto Table 1. LTPoE++ AUTO Pin Mode Maximum Delivered Power Capabilities POWER XIO1 XIO0 38.7W 0 0 52.7W 0 1 70W 1 0 90W 1 1 BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY The LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset is designed to be backward compatible with the LTC4266, operating in Type 2 mode, without software changes; only minor layout changes are required to implement a fully compliant IEEE 802.3at design. POWER-UP AUTOMATIC ICUT/ILIM ASSIGNMENT Enabled at Reset Automatically Yes 11b N/A N/A N/A 0 10b Host Enabled Upon Request No Manual 0 01b Once Upon Request Upon Request No Shutdown 0 00b Disabled Disabled No MODE AUTO DETECT/ PIN OPMD CLASS In manual mode, the port waits for instructions from the host system before taking any action. It runs a single detection or classification cycle when commanded to by the host, and reports the result in its Port Status register. The host system can command the port to turn on or off the power at any time. In semi-auto mode, the port repeatedly attempts to detect and classify any PD attached to it. It reports the status of these attempts back to the host, and waits for a command from the host before turning on power to the port. The host must enable detection (and optionally classification) for the port before detection will start. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 17 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION AUTO pin mode operates the same as semi-auto mode except it will automatically turn on the power to the port if detection is successful. AUTO pin mode will autonomously set the ICUT and ILIM values based on the class result. This operational mode is only valid if the AUTO pin is high at reset or power-up and remains high during operation. In shutdown mode, the port is disabled and will not detect or power a PD. Regardless of which mode it is in, the LTC4290/LTC4271 will remove power automatically from any port that generates a current limit fault. It will also automatically remove power from any port that generates a disconnect event if disconnect detection is enabled. The host controller may also command the port to remove power at any time. Reset and the AUTO/MID Pins The initial LTC4290/LTC4271 configuration depends on the state of the AUTO and MID pins during reset. Reset occurs at power-up, or whenever the RESET pin is pulled low or the global Reset All bit is set. Changing the state of AUTO or MID after power-up will not properly change the port behavior of the LTC4290/LTC4271 until a reset occurs. Although typically used with a host controller, the LTC4290/ LTC4271 can also be used in a standalone mode with no connection to the serial interface. If there is no host present, the AUTO pin must be tied high so that, at reset, all ports will be configured to operate automatically. Each port will detect and classify repeatedly until a PD is discovered, set ICUT and ILIM according to the classification results, apply power to valid PDs, and remove power when a PD is disconnected. Table 3 shows the ICUT and ILIM values that will be automatically set in standalone (AUTO pin) mode, based on the discovered class. Table 3. ICUT and ILIM Values in Standalone Mode CLASS ICUT ILIM Class 1 112mA 425mA Class 2 206mA 425mA Class 3 or 0 375mA 425mA Class 4 638mA 850mA 18 The automatic setting of ICUT and ILIM values only occurs if the LTC4290/LTC4271 is reset with the AUTO pin high. If the standalone application is a midspan, the MID pin must be tied high to enable correct midspan detection timing. DETECTION Detection Overview To avoid damaging network devices that were not designed to tolerate DC voltage, a PSE must determine whether the connected device is a real PD before applying power. The IEEE specification requires that a valid PD have a commonmode resistance of 25k 5% at any port voltage below 10V. The PSE must accept resistances that fall between 19k and 26.5k, and it must reject resistances above 33k or below 15k (shaded regions in Figure 11). The PSE may choose to accept or reject resistances in the undefined areas between the must-accept and must-reject ranges. In particular, the PSE must reject standard computer network ports, many of which have 150 common-mode termination resistors that will be damaged if power is applied to them (the black region at the left of Figure 11). RESISTANCE 0 PD 10k 20k 150 (NIC) PSE 15k 30k 23.75k 26.25k 19k 26.5k 33k 429071 F11 Figure 11. IEEE 802.3af Signature Resistance Ranges 4-Point Detection The LTC4290/LTC4271 uses a 4-point detection method to discover PDs. False-positive detections are minimized by checking for signature resistance with both forced-current and forced-voltage measurements. Initially, two test currents are forced onto the port (via the OUTn pin) and the resulting voltages are measured. The detection circuitry subtracts the two V-I points to determine the resistive slope while removing offset caused by series diodes or leakage at the port (see Figure 12). If the forcedcurrent detection yields a valid signature resistance, two test voltages are then forced onto the port and the resulting currents are measured and subtracted. Both methods 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION CURRENT (A) 275 25k SLOPE 165 SECOND DETECTION POINT VALID PD 0V-2V OFFSET FIRST DETECTION POINT VOLTAGE 429071 F12 Figure 12. PD Detection must report valid resistances for the port to report a valid detection. PD signature resistances between 17k and 29k (typically) are detected as valid and reported as Detect Good in the corresponding Port Status register. Values outside this range, including open and short circuits, are also reported. If the port measures less than 1V at the first forced-current test, the detection cycle will abort and Short Circuit will be reported. Table 4 shows the possible detection results. Table 4. Detection Status MEASURED PD SIGNATURE DETECTION RESULT Incomplete or Not Yet Tested Detect Status Unknown < 2.4k Short Circuit Capacitance > 2.7F CPD too High 2.4k < RPD < 17k RSIG too Low 17k < RPD < 29k Detect Good > 29k RSIG too High > 50k Open Circuit Voltage > 10V Port Voltage Outside Detect Range If a valid signature resistance is detected and classification is enabled, the port will classify the PD and report that result as well. The port will then wait for at least 100ms (or 2 seconds if midspan mode is enabled), and will repeat the detection cycle to ensure that the data in the Port Status register is up-to-date. If the port is in semi-auto mode and high power operation is enabled, the port will not turn on in response to a power-on command unless the current detect result is detect good. Any other detect result will generate a tSTART fault if a power-on command is received. In high power mode the port must be placed in manual mode to force a port on regardless of detect outcome. Behavior in AUTO pin mode is similar to semi-auto; however, after detect good is reported and the port is classified (if classification is enabled), it is automatically powered on without further intervention. In standalone (AUTO pin) mode, the ICUT and ILIM thresholds are automatically set; see the Reset and the AUTO/MID Pins section for more information. The signature detection circuitry is disabled when the port is initially powered up with the AUTO pin low, in shutdown mode, or when the corresponding Detect Enable bit is cleared. Detection of Legacy PDs More on Operating Modes The port's operating mode determines when the LTC4290/ LTC4271 runs a detection cycle. In manual mode, the port will idle until the host orders a detect cycle. It will then run detection, report the results, and return to idle to wait for another command. In semi-auto mode, the LTC4290/LTC4271 autonomously polls a port for PDs, but it will not apply power until commanded to do so by the host. The Port Status register is updated at the end of each detection cycle. Proprietary PDs that predate the original IEEE 802.3af standard are commonly referred to today as legacy devices. One type of legacy PD uses a large common-mode capacitance (>10F) as the detection signature. Note that PDs in this range of capacitance are defined as invalid, so a PSE that detects legacy PDs is technically noncompliant with the IEEE spec. The LTC4290/LTC4271 can be configured to detect this type of legacy PD. Legacy detection is disabled by default, but can be manually enabled on a per-port basis. When enabled, the port will report Detect Good when it sees either a valid IEEE PD or a high-capacitance legacy PD. With legacy mode disabled, only valid IEEE PDs will be recognized. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 19 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION CLASSIFICATION 802.3af Classification A PD may optionally present a classification signature to the PSE to indicate the maximum power it will draw while operating. The IEEE specification defines this signature as a constant current draw when the PSE port voltage is in the VCLASS range (between 15.5V and 20.5V), with the current level indicating one of 5 possible PD classes. Figure 13 shows a typical PD load line, starting with the slope of the 25k signature resistor below 10V, then transitioning to the classification signature current (in this case, Class 3) in the VCLASS range. Table 5 shows the possible classification values. Table 5. 802.3af and 802.3at Classification Values CLASS RESULT Class 0 No Class Signature Present; Treat Like Class 3 Class 1 3W Class 2 7W Class 3 13W Class 4 25.5W (Type 2) If classification is enabled, the port will classify the PD immediately after a successful detection cycle in semi-auto or AUTO pin modes, or when commanded to in manual mode. It measures the PD classification signature by applying 18V for 12ms (both values typical) to the port via the OUTn pin and measuring the resulting current; it then reports the discovered class in the Port Status register. 60 PSE LOAD LINE OVER CURRENT 50 CURRENT (mA) 48mA 40 CLASS 4 30 CLASS 3 23mA 20 TYPICAL CLASS 3 PD LOAD LINE 10 0 33mA 0 5 CLASS 2 CLASS 1 CLASS 0 10 15 VOLTAGE (VCLASS) 14.5mA 6.5mA 25 20 429071 F13 Figure 13. PD Classification 20 If the LTC4290/LTC4271 is in AUTO pin mode, it will additionally use the classification result to set the ICUT and ILIM thresholds. See the Reset and the AUTO/MID Pin section for more information. The classification circuitry is disabled when the port is initially powered up with the AUTO pin low, in shutdown mode, or when the corresponding Class Enable bit is cleared. 802.3at 2-Event Classification The 802.3at specification defines two methods of classifying a Type 2 PD. A-grade and B-grade LTC4290/LTC4271 parts support 802.3at 2-event classification. One method adds extra fields to the Ethernet LLDP data protocol; although the LTC4290/LTC4271 is compatible with this classification method, it cannot perform classification directly since it doesn't have access to the data path. LLDP classification requires the PSE to power the PD as a standard 802.3af (Type 1) device. It then waits for the host to perform LLDP communication with the PD and update the PSE port data. The LTC4290/LTC4271 supports changing the ILIM and ICUT levels on the fly, allowing the host to complete LLDP classification. The second 802.3at classification method, known as 2-event classification or ping-pong, is supported by the LTC4290/LTC4271. A Type 2 PD that is requesting more than 13W will indicate Class 4 during normal 802.3af classification. If the LTC4290/LTC4271 sees Class 4, it forces the port to a specified lower voltage (called the mark voltage, typically 9V), pauses briefly, and then re-runs classification to verify the Class 4 reading (Figure 1). It also sets a bit in the High Power Status register to indicate that it ran the second classification cycle. The second cycle alerts the PD that it is connected to a Type 2 PSE which can supply Type 2 power levels. 2-event ping-pong classification is enabled by setting a bit in the port's High Power Mode register. Note that a pingpong enabled port only runs the second classification cycle when it detects a Class 4 device; if the first cycle returns Class 0 to 3, the port determines it is connected to a Type 1 PD and does not run the second classification cycle. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Invalid Type 2 Class Combinations The 802.3at specification defines a Type 2 PD class signature as two consecutive Class 4 results; a Class 4 followed by a Class 0-3 is not a valid signature. In AUTO pin mode, the LTC4290/LTC4271 will power a detected PD regardless of the classification results, with one exception: if the PD presents an invalid Type 2 signature (Class 4 followed by Class 0 to 3), the LTC4290/LTC4271 will not provide power and will restart the detection process. To aid in diagnosis, the Port Status register will always report the results of the last class pulse, so an invalid Class 4-Class 2 combination would report a second class pulse was run in the High Power Status register (which implies that the first cycle found class 4), and Class 2 in the Port Status register. nominally 12V. The inrush period is maintained until the tSTART timer expires. At this time if the inrush current limit level is still exceeded, the port will be turned back off and a tSTART fault reported. Current Limit Each LTC4290/LTC4271 port includes two current limiting thresholds (ICUT and ILIM), each with a corresponding timer (tCUT and tLIM). Setting the ICUT and ILIM thresholds depends on several factors: the class of the PD, the voltage of the main supply (VEE), the type of PSE (Type 1 or Type 2), the sense resistor (0.5 or 0.25), the SOA of the MOSFET, and whether or not the system is required to enforce class current levels. Inrush Control Per the IEEE specification, the LTC4290/LTC4271 will allow the port current to exceed ICUT for a limited period of time before removing power from the port, whereas it will actively control the MOSFET gate drive to keep the port current below ILIM. The port does not take any action to limit the current when only the ICUT threshold is exceeded, but does start the tCUT timer. If the current drops below the ICUT current threshold before its timer expires, the tCUT timer counts back down, but at 1/16 the rate that it counts up. If the tCUT timer reaches 60ms (typical) the port is turned off and the port tCUT fault is set. This allows the current limit circuitry to tolerate intermittent overload signals with duty cycles below about 6%; longer duty cycle overloads will turn the port off. Once the command has been given to turn on a port, the LTC4290/LTC4271 ramps up the GATE pin of that port's external MOSFET in a controlled manner. Under normal power-up circumstances, the MOSFET gate will rise until the port current reaches the inrush current limit level (typically 425mA), at which point the GATE pin will be servoed to maintain the specified IINRUSH current. During this inrush period, a timer (tSTART) runs. When output charging is complete, the port current will fall and the GATE pin will be allowed to continue rising to fully enhance the MOSFET and minimize its on-resistance. The final VGS is The ILIM current limiting circuit is always enabled and actively limiting port current. The tLIM timer is enabled only when the tLIM Enable bit is set. This allows tLIM to be set to a shorter value than tCUT to provide more aggressive MOSFET protection and turn off a port before MOSFET damage can occur. The tLIM timer starts when the ILIM threshold is exceeded. When the tLIM timer reaches 12ms (typical) the port is turned off and the port tLIM fault is set. When the tLIM Enable bit is disabled tLIM behaviors are tracked by the tCUT timer, which counts up during both ILIM and ICUT events. POWER CONTROL The primary function of the LTC4290/LTC4271 is to control the delivery of power to the PSE port. It does this by controlling the gate drive voltage of an external power MOSFET while monitoring the current via an external sense resistor and the output voltage at the OUT pin. This circuitry serves to couple the raw VEE input supply to the port in a controlled manner that satisfies the PDs power needs while minimizing both power dissipation in the MOSFET and disturbances on the VEE backplane. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 21 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION ICUT is typically set to a lower value than ILIM to allow the port to tolerate minor faults without current limiting. Per the IEEE specification, the LTC4290/LTC4271 will automatically set ILIM to 425mA (shown in bold in Table 6) during inrush at port turn-on, and then switch to the programmed ILIM setting once inrush has completed. To maintain IEEE compliance, ILIM should be kept at 425mA for all Type 1 PDs, and 850mA if a Type 2 PD is detected. ILIM is automatically reset to 425mA when a port turns off. Table 6. Example Current Limit Settings INTERNAL REGISTER SETTING (hex) ILIM (mA) RSENSE = 0.5 53 88 106 08 159 89 213 80 266 8A 319 09 372 8B 425 00 478 8E 531 92 584 CB RSENSE = 0.25 88 08 89 80 8A 638 10 90 744 D2 9A 850 40 C0 956 4A CA 1063 50 D0 1169 5A DA 1275 60 E0 1488 52 49 1700 40 1913 4A 2125 50 2338 5A 2550 60 2975 52 ILIM Foldback The LTC4290/LTC4271 features a two-stage foldback circuit that reduces the port current if the port voltage falls below the normal operating voltage. This keeps MOSFET power dissipation at safe levels for typical 802.3af MOSFETs, even at extended 802.3at power levels. Current limit and foldback behavior are programmable on a per-port basis. Table 6 gives examples of recommended ILIM register settings. The LTC4290/LTC4271 will support current levels well beyond the maximum values in the 802.3at specification. The shaded areas in Table 6 indicate settings that may require a larger external MOSFET, additional heat sinking, or setting tLIM Enable. MOSFET Fault Detection LTC4290/LTC4271 PSE ports are designed to tolerate significant levels of abuse, but in extreme cases it is possible for the external MOSFET to be damaged. A failed MOSFET may short source to drain, which will make the port appear to be on when it should be off; this condition may also cause the sense resistor to fuse open, turning off the port but causing the LTC4290 SENSE pin to rise to an abnormally high voltage. A failed MOSFET may also short from gate to drain, causing the LTC4290 GATE pin to rise to an abnormally high voltage. The LTC4290 OUT, SENSE and GATE pins are designed to tolerate up to 80V faults without damage. If the LTC4290/LTC4271 sees any of these conditions for more than 180s, it disables all port functionality, reduces the gate drive pull-down current for the port and reports a FET Bad fault. This is typically a permanent fault, but the host can attempt to recover by resetting the port, or by resetting the entire chip if a port reset fails to clear the fault. If the MOSFET is in fact bad, the fault will quickly return, and the port will disable itself again. The remaining ports of the LTC4290/LTC4271 are unaffected. An open or missing MOSFET will not trigger a FET Bad fault, but will cause a tSTART fault if the LTC4290/LTC4271 attempts to turn on the port. 22 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Port Current Readback The LTC4290/LTC4271 measures the current at each port with an internal A/D converter. Port data is only valid when the port power is on and reads zero at all other times. The converter has two modes: * 100ms mode: Samples are taken continuously and the measured value is updated every 100ms * 1s mode: Samples are taken continuously; a moving 1 second average is updated every 100ms Port Current Policing The LTC4290/LTC4271 can augment tCUT current monitoring with a policing function to track the one second current averages. A port violating the user-specified Port Police Threshold will be shut off with both a tCUT and Police event recorded. A port current Police event can be differentiated from a port tCUT violation by reading both events bits; both bits are set for a Police violation while only the tCUT bit is set for tCUT timer violations. Port Voltage Readback The LTC4290/LTC4271 measures the output voltage at each port with an internal A/D converter. Port data is only valid when the port power is on and reads zero at all other times. Disconnect The LTC4290/LTC4271 monitors powered ports to ensure the PD continues to draw the minimum specified current. A disconnect timer counts up whenever port current is below 7.5mA (typ), indicating that the PD has been disconnected. If the tDIS timer expires, the port will be turned off and the disconnect bit in the fault event register will be set. If the current returns before the tDIS timer runs out, the timer resets. As long as the PD exceeds the minimum current level more often than tDIS, it will remain powered. Although not recommended, the DC disconnect feature can be disabled by clearing the corresponding enable bits. Note that this defeats the protection mechanisms built into the IEEE specification, since a powered port will stay powered after the PD is removed. If the still-powered port is subsequently connected to a non-PoE data device, the device may be damaged. The LTC4290/LTC4271 does not include AC disconnect circuitry, but includes AC Disconnect Enable bits to maintain compatibility with the LTC4259A. If the AC Disconnect Enable bits are set, DC disconnect will be used. Masked Shutdown The LTC4290/LTC4271 provides a low latency port shedding feature to quickly reduce the system load when required. By allowing a pre-determined set of ports to be turned off, the current on an overloaded main power supply can be reduced rapidly while keeping high priority devices powered. Each port can be configured to high or low priority; all low-priority ports will shut down within 6.5s after the MSD pin is pulled low, high priority ports will remain powered. If a port is turned off via MSD, the corresponding Detection and Classification Enable bits are cleared, so the port will remain off until the host explicitly re-enables detection. In the LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset the active level of MSD is register configurable as active high or low. The default is LTC4266-compatible active low behavior. VEE Readback The LTC4290/LTC4271 measures the VEE voltage with an internal 12-bit A/D converter. General Purpose IO Two sets of general purpose IO pins are available in the LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset. The first set of general purpose IO are GP1 and GP0. These fully bidirectional IO are 3.3V CMOS IO on the LTC4271 chip. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 23 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The second set of general purpose IO pins are XIO1 and XIO0. These fully bidirectional IO are 4.3V CMOS IO on the LTC4290 chip. I2C ADDRESS SCL SDAIN SDAOUT QUAD 0 0100001 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD6 0100111 0101000 SCL SDAIN SDAOUT 429071 F14 SCL SDA Figure 14. Example I2C Bus Addressing Overview The LTC4290/LTC4271 communicates with the host using a standard SMBus/I2C 2-wire interface. The LTC4290/ LTC4271 is a slave-only device, and communicates with the host master using the standard SMBus protocols. Interrupts are signaled to the host via the INT pin. The Timing Diagrams (Figures 5 through 9) show typical communication waveforms and their timing relationships. More information about the SMBus data protocols can be found at www.smbus.org. The LTC4290/LTC4271 requires both the VDD and VEE supply rails to be present for the serial interface to function. Bus Addressing The LTC4290/LTC4271's primary 7-bit serial bus address is A610A3A2A1A0b, with bit 6 controlled by AD6 and the lower four bits set by the AD3-AD0 pins; this allows up to 16 LTC4290/LTC4271s, on a single bus. Sixteen LTC4290/ LTC4271 are equivalent to 32 quad PSEs or 128 ports. All LTC4290/LTC4271s also respond to the broadcast address 0110000b, allowing the host to write the same command (typically configuration commands) to multiple LTC4290/ LTC4271s in a single transaction. If the LTC4290/LTC4271 24 0100000 3.3V QUAD 1 LTC4271 firmware is field-upgradable by downloading and executing RAM images. RAM images are volatile and must be re-downloaded after each VDD power cycle, but will remain valid during reset and VEE power events. Contact Linear Technology for code download procedures and RAM images. QUAD 0 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD6 LTC4271 QUAD 1 LTC4271 Code Download SERIAL DIGITAL INTERFACE I2C ADDRESS is asserting the INT pin, it will also respond to the alert response address (0001100b) per the SMBus specification. Each LTC4290/LTC4271 is logically composed of two quads of four ports each. Each quad occupies separate, contiguous I2C addresses. The AD6, AD3-0 pins set the address of the base quad while the second quad is consecutively numbered. I2C addresses outside of the x10xxxxb range are considered illegal and will not respond. Each internal quad is independent of the other quad, with the exception of writes to the Chip Reset, MSD Inversion and General Purpose Input Output registers. These registers are global in nature and will affect all quads. Interrupts and SMBAlert Most LTC4290/LTC4271 port events can be configured to trigger an interrupt, asserting the INT pin and alerting the host to the event. This removes the need for the host to poll the LTC4290/LTC4271, minimizing serial bus traffic and conserving host CPU cycles. Multiple LTC4290/ LTC4271s can share a common INT line, with the host using the SMBAlert protocol (ARA) to determine which LTC4290/LTC4271 caused an interrupt. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Register Description EXTERNAL COMPONENT SELECTION For information on serial bus usage and device configuration and status, refer to the LTC4271 Software Programming documentation. Power Supplies and Bypassing ISOLATION REQUIREMENTS IEEE 802.3 Ethernet specifications require that network segments (including PoE circuitry) be electrically isolated from the chassis ground of each network interface device. However, network segments are not required to be isolated from each other, provided that the segments are connected to devices residing within a single building on a single power distribution system. For simple devices such as small PoE switches, the isolation requirement can be met by using an isolated main power supply for the entire device. This strategy can be used if the device has no electrically conducting ports other than twisted-pair Ethernet. In this case, the SDAIN and SDAOUT pins can be tied together and will act as a standard I2C/SMBus SDA pin. If the device is part of a larger system, contains additional external non-Ethernet ports, or must be referenced to protective ground for some other reason, the Power over Ethernet subsystem must be electrically isolated from the rest of the system. The LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset simplifies PSE isolation by allowing the LTC4271 chip to reside on the non-isolated side. There it can receive power from the main logic supply and connect directly to the I2C/SMBus bus. Isolation between the LTC4271 and LTC4290 is implemented using a proprietary transformer-based communication protocol. Additional details are provided in the Serial Bus Isolation section of this data sheet. The LTC4290/LTC4271 requires two supply voltages to operate. VDD requires 3.3V (nominally) relative to DGND. VEE requires a negative voltage of between -45V and -57V for Type 1 PSEs, -51V to -57V for Type 2 PSEs, or -54.75V to -57V for LTPoE++ PSEs, relative to AGND. Digital Power Supply VDD provides digital power for the LTC4271 processor, and draws a maximum of 15mA. A ceramic decoupling cap of at least 0.1F should be placed from VDD to DGND, as close as practical to each LTC4271 chip. A 1.8V core voltage supply is generated internally and requires a 1F ceramic decoupling cap between the CAP1 pin and DGND. In the LTC4290/LTC4271, VDD should be delivered by the host controller's non-isolated 3.3V supply. To maintain required isolation AGND and DGND must not be connected in any way. Main PoE Power Supply VEE is the main isolated PoE supply that provides power to the PDs. Because it supplies a relatively large amount of power and is subject to significant current transients, it requires more design care than a simple logic supply. For minimum IR loss and best system efficiency, set VEE near maximum amplitude (57V), leaving enough margin to account for transient over or undershoot, temperature drift, and the line regulation specifications of the particular power supply used. Bypass capacitance between AGND and VEE is very important for reliable operation. If a short circuit occurs at one of the output ports it can take as long as 1s for the LTC4290 to begin regulating the current. During this time the current is limited only by the small impedances in the circuit and a high current spike typically occurs, causing a 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 25 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION 3.3V NO ISOLATION REQUIRED ON I2C INTERFACE 0.1F XIO0 VDD33 GP0 GP1 100 3.3V * CND LTC4271 * PORTn S1B GATEn 100 0.25 SENSEn CNA LTC4290 0.22F 100V DPA DPD 100 * 100 * 100 T2 CAP1 S1B GATE1 AGND CAP2 VEE VSSK 0.1F 2nF 2kV 1F -54V 0.25 SENSE1 429071 F15 1F S1B PORT1 DNA 10 -54V OUT1 -54V 100 DND S1B OUTn -54V T1 3.3V DGND 0.22F 100V 100 100 SCL SDAIN SDAOUT AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD6 CPA CPD MID RESET MSD AUTO INT XIO1 >47F SYSTEM BULK CAP -54V + -54V Figure 15. LTC4290/LTC4271 Proprietary Isolation voltage transient on the VEE supply and possibly causing the LTC4290/LTC4271 to reset due to a UVLO fault. A 1F, 100V X7R capacitor placed near the VEE pin along with an electrolytic bulk capacitor of at least 47F is recommended to minimize spurious resets. Serial Bus Isolation The LTC4290/LTC4271 chipset uses transformers to isolate the LTC4271 from the LTC4290. In this case, the SDAIN and SDAOUT pins can be shorted to each other and tied directly to the I2C/SMBus bus. The transformers should be 10BASE-T or 10/100BASE-T with a 1:1 turns ratio. It is important that the selected transformers do not have common-mode chokes. These transformers typically provide 1500V of isolation between the LTC4271 and the LTC4290. For proper operation strict layout guidelines must be met. 26 External MOSFET Careful selection of the power MOSFET is critical to system reliability. LTC recommends either Fairchild IRFM120A, FDT3612, FDMC3612 or Philips PHT6NQ10T for their proven reliability in Type 1 and Type 2 PSE applications. SOA curves are not a reliable specification for MOSFET selection. Contact LTC Applications before using a MOSFET other than one of these recommended parts. Sense Resistor The LTC4290/LTC4271 is designed to use 0.25 current sense resistors to reduce power dissipation. Four commonly available 1 resistors (sized according to power dissipation) can be used in parallel in place of a single 0.25 resistor. In order to meet the ICUT and ILIM accuracy required by the IEEE specification, the sense resistors should have 1% tolerance or better, and no more than 200ppm/C temperature coefficient. In addition, the sense resistors must meet strict layout guidelines. 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Port Output Cap Each port requires a 0.22F cap across its outputs to keep the LTC4290 stable while in current limit during startup or overload. Common ceramic capacitors often have significant voltage coefficients; this means the capacitance is reduced as the applied voltage increases. To minimize this problem, X7R ceramic capacitors rated for at least 100V are recommended and must be located close to the PSE. Surge Protection Ethernet ports can be subject to significant cable surge events. To keep PoE voltages below a safe level and protect the application against damage, protection components, as shown in Figure 16, are required at the main supply, at the LTC4290 supply pins and at each port. Bulk transient voltage suppression (TVSBULK) and bulk capacitance (CBULK) are required across the main PoE supply and should be sized to accommodate system level surge requirements. R1 10 CBULK C1 1F 100V + Each LTC4290 requires a 10, 0805 resistor (R1) in series from supply AGND to the LTC4290 AGND pin. Across the LTC4290 AGND pin and VEE pin are an SMAJ58A, 58V TVS (D1) and a 1F, 100V bypass capacitor (C1). These components must be placed close to the LTC4290 pins. Finally, each port requires a pair of S1B clamp diodes: one from OUTn to supply AGND and one from OUTn to supply VEE. The diodes at the ports steer harmful surges into the supply rails where they are absorbed by the surge suppressors and the VEE bypass capacitance. The layout of these paths must be low impedance. LAYOUT GUIDELINES Strict adherence to board layout, parts placement and routing guidelines is critical for optimal current reading accuracy, IEEE compliance, system robustness, and thermal dissipation. Refer to the DC1842A Demo Board as a layout reference. Contact LTC Applications to obtain a full set of layout guidelines, example layouts and BOMs. AGND D1 SMAJ58A LTC4290 VEE VSSK SENSEn GATEn OUTn Cn 0.22F X7R 100V TVSBULK VEE RSENSEn Qn S1B S1B VEE OUTn TO PORT 429071 F16 Figure 16. LTC4290 Surge Protection 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 27 1F DND CND DPD CPD 0.1F DGND CAP1 VDD33 GP0 GP1 MID RESET MSD AUTO INT LTC4271 SCL SDAIN SDAOUT AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD6 3.3V 100 3.3V 100 100 3.3V 100 1F T3 T2 * * 2nF 2000V SMCJ58A * * 1F SMAJ58A 10 -54V -54V OUT1 GATE1 SENSE1 For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 >47F SYSTEM BULK CAP -54V + ISOLATED GND -54V ISOLATED DNA AGND CAP2 VEE VSSK 1F 100V 0.1F X7R CNA DPA OUT8 GATE8 SENSE8 XIO1 LTC4290 XIO0 CPA (NETWORK PHYSICAL LAYER CHIP) PHY RS 0.22F 100V X7R * * * * T1 S1B * * * * 0.25, 1% FDMC3612 S1B * * * 28 * Complete 8-Port PSE 0.01F 200V 75 0.01F 200V 75 429071 TA02 RJ45 0.01F CONNECTOR 200V 1 2 0.01F 3 200V 75 4 5 6 0.01F 200V 7 8 0.01F 200V 75 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 RJ45 CONNECTOR 1 7 8 LTC4290/LTC4271 TYPICAL APPLICATION 429071fb LTC4290/LTC4271 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION Please refer to http://www.linear.com/designtools/packaging/ for the most recent package drawings. UF Package 24-Lead Plastic QFN (4mm x 4mm) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1697) 0.70 0.05 4.50 0.05 2.45 0.05 3.10 0.05 (4 SIDES) PACKAGE OUTLINE 0.25 0.05 0.50 BSC BOTTOM VIEW--EXPOSED PAD RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS 4.00 0.10 (4 SIDES) R = 0.115 TYP 0.75 0.05 PIN 1 TOP MARK (NOTE 6) PIN 1 NOTCH R = 0.20 TYP OR 0.35 x 45 CHAMFER 23 24 0.40 0.10 1 2 2.45 0.10 (4-SIDES) (UF24) QFN 0105 0.200 REF 0.00 - 0.05 NOTE: 1. DRAWING PROPOSED TO BE MADE A JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE MO-220 VARIATION (WGGD-X)--TO BE APPROVED 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS 4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE, IF PRESENT 0.25 0.05 0.50 BSC 5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED 6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 29 LTC4290/LTC4271 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION Please refer to http://www.linear.com/designtools/packaging/ for the most recent package drawings. UJ Package 40-Lead Plastic QFN (6mm x 6mm) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1728 Rev O) 0.70 0.05 6.50 0.05 5.10 0.05 4.42 0.05 4.50 0.05 (4 SIDES) 4.42 0.05 PACKAGE OUTLINE 0.25 0.05 0.50 BSC RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS APPLY SOLDER MASK TO AREAS THAT ARE NOT SOLDERED 6.00 0.10 (4 SIDES) 0.75 0.05 R = 0.10 TYP R = 0.115 TYP 39 40 0.40 0.10 PIN 1 TOP MARK (SEE NOTE 6) 1 4.50 REF (4-SIDES) 4.42 0.10 2 PIN 1 NOTCH R = 0.45 OR 0.35 x 45 CHAMFER 4.42 0.10 (UJ40) QFN REV O 0406 0.200 REF 0.00 - 0.05 NOTE: 1. DRAWING IS A JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE VARIATION OF (WJJD-2) 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS 4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.20mm ON ANY SIDE, IF PRESENT 5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED 6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE 30 0.25 0.05 0.50 BSC BOTTOM VIEW--EXPOSED PAD 429071fb For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 LTC4290/LTC4271 REVISION HISTORY REV DATE DESCRIPTION A 4/13 Added A-grade and C-grade to entire data sheet PAGE NUMBER B 07/15 Updated surge protection recommendations Simplified Power over Ethernet system diagram 1 - 32 1, 26, 27, 28, 32 16 429071fb Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representaFor more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 tion that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 31 LTC4290/LTC4271 TYPICAL APPLICATION Complete 8-Port PSE 3.3V 0.1F 1F 7 XIO0 CPA CPD 100 LTC4290 100 CNA DPA * T3 DND 1F DGND CAP1 1F OUT1 GATE1 SENSE1 -54V RS DNA AGND CAP2 VEE VSSK 10 1F 100V X7R RJ45 CONNECTOR SMAJ58A S1B * 0.1F T1 -54V ISOLATED ISOLATED GND >47F SYSTEM BULK CAP + PHY * (NETWORK PHYSICAL LAYER CHIP) * -54V * 2 0.22F 100V X7R 0.25, 1% FDMC3612 SMCJ58A 2nF 2000V S1B * * 3.3V * 1 OUT8 GATE8 SENSE8 -54V T2 CND DPD 100 * * 3.3V * 0.01F 200V 75 * * * 100 XIO1 * VDD33 GP0 GP1 MID RESET MSD AUTO INT LTC4271 SCL SDAIN SDAOUT AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD6 8 0.01F 200V 75 RJ45 0.01F CONNECTOR 200V 1 2 0.01F 3 200V 75 4 5 6 0.01F 200V 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0.01F 200V 75 * 429071 TA03 RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LTC4257-1 IEEE 802.3af PD Interface Controller Internal 100V, 400mA Switch, Dual Current Limit, Programmable Class LTC4263 Single IEEE 802.3af PSE Controller Internal FET Switch LTC4265 IEEE 802.3at PD Interface Controller Internal 100V, 1A Switch, 2-Event Classification Recognition LTC4266 Quad IEEE 802.3at PoE PSE Controller With Programmable ICUT/ILIM, 2-Event Classification, and Port Current and Voltage Monitoring LTC4267 IEEE 802.3af PD Interface With Integrated Switching Regulator Internal 100V, 400mA Switch, Dual Inrush Current, Programmable Class LTC4267-1 IEEE 802.3af PD Interface With Integrated Switching Regulator Internal 100V, 400mA Switch, Programmable Class, 200kHz Constant Frequency PWM LTC4267-3 IEEE 802.3af PD Interface With Integrated Switching Regulator Internal 100V, 400mA Switch, Programmable Class, 300kHz Constant Frequency PWM LTC4269-1 IEEE 802.3af PD Interface With Integrated Flyback Switching Regulator 2-Event Classification, Programmable Class, Synchronous No-Opto Flyback Controller, 50kHz to 250kHz, Aux Support LTC4269-2 IEEE 802.3af PD Interface With Integrated Forward Switching Regulator 12-Port PoE/PoE+/LTPoE++TM PSE Controller 2-Event Classification, Programmable Class, Synchronous Forward Controller, 100kHz to 500kHz, Aux Support Transformer Isolation, Supports Type 1, Type 2 and LTPoE++ PDs Single IEEE 802.3at PoE PSE Controller PoE/PoE+/LTPoE++ PD Controller With Programmable ICUT/ILIM, 2-Event Classification, and Port Current and Voltage Monitoring LTC4278 IEEE 802.3af PD Interface With Integrated Flyback Switching Regulator 2-Event Classification, Programmable Class, Synchronous No-Opto Flyback Controller, 50kHz to 250kHz, 12V Aux Support LTC4311 SMBus/ I2C Accelerator Improved I2C Rise Time, Ensures Data Integrity LTC4270/ LTC4271 LTC4274 LT4275 External MOSFET, Programmable Class, -40C to 125C Operation 32 Linear Technology Corporation 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 For more information www.linear.com/LTC4290 (408) 432-1900 FAX: (408) 434-0507 www.linear.com/LTC4290 429071fb LT 0715 REV B * PRINTED IN USA LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2012