ACST12 Overvoltage protected AC switch Features Triac with overvoltage crowbar technology Low IGT (<10 mA) or high immunity (IGT<35 mA) version High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 2000 V/s OUT OUT G G OUT COM Benefits Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5 High off-state reliability with planar technology Need no external over voltage protection Reduces the power passive component count High immunity against fast transients described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards COM D2PAK ACST1210-7G ACST1235-7G TO-220AB ACST1210-7T ACST1235-7T Figure 1. Functional diagram OUT Applications AC mains static switching in appliance and industrial control systems Drive of medium power AC loads such as: - Universal motor of washing machine drum - Compressor for fridge or air conditioner COM Table 1. Description The ACST12 series belongs to the ACSTM/ACST power switch family built with A.S.D.(R) (application specific discrete) technology. This high performance device is suited to home appliances or industrial systems and drives loads up to 12 A. This ACST12 switch embeds a Triac structure and a high voltage clamping device able to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and withstand line transients such as those described in the IEC 61000-4-5 standard. The ACST1210-7 needs a low gate current to be activated (IGT < 10 mA) and still provides a high electrical noise immunity complying with the IEC 61000-4-4 standard. The ACST1235-7 offers an extremely high static dV/dt immunity of 2 kV/s minimum. December 2010 G Device summary Symbol Value Unit IT(RMS) 12 A VDRM/VRRM 700 V IGT 10 or 35 mA TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics (R): A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 1/13 www.st.com 13 Characteristics ACST12 1 Characteristics Table 2. Absolute ratings (limiting values) Symbol IT(RMS) ITSM I 2t Parameter On-state rms current full sine wave Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25 C,( full cycle sine wave) I2t Value Unit TO-220AB D2PAK Tc = 104 C D2PAK with 1cm2 of Cu Tamb = 47 C F = 60 Hz tp = 16.7 ms 126 A F = 50 Hz tp = 20.0 ms 120 A tp = 10 ms 95 A2s Tj = 125 C 100 A/s for fuse selection 12 A 2 dI/dt Critical rate of rise on-state current IG = 2 x IGT, (tr 100 ns) VPP Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage (1) Tj = 125 C 2 kV Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 C 0.1 W PGM Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 s) Tj = 125 C 10 W IGM Peak gate current (tp = 20 s) Tj = 125 C 1.6 A Tstg Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 C Tj Operating junction temperature range - 40 to + 125 C Tl maximum lead soldering temperature during 10 s (at 3 mm from plastic case) 260 C PG(AV) F = 120 Hz 1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 19 Table 3. Electrical characteristics Value Symbol Test conditions Quadrant Unit Tj ACST1210-7 ACST1235-7 Unit 10 35 mA IGT(1) VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 I - II - III 25 C MAX. VGT VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 I - II - III 25 C MAX. 1.0 V VGD VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 I - II - III 125 C MIN. 0.2 V IH(2) IOUT = 500 mA 25 C MAX. 30 50 mA IL IG = 1.2 x IGT 25 C MAX. 50 70 mA 125 C MIN. 200 2000 V/s MIN. 5.3 dV/dt(2) (dI/dt)c(2) I - II - III VOUT = 67% VDRM, gate open (dV/dt)c = 15 V/s 125 C Without snubber VCL A/ms MIN. ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms 25 C MIN. 1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT max 2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin 2/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 14 850 V ACST12 Characteristics Table 4. Static characteristics Symbol VTM(1) (1) Test conditions Value Unit IOUT = 17 A, tp = 500 s Tj = 25 C MAX. 1.5 V Threshold voltage Tj = 125 C MAX. 0.9 V Rd(1) Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 C MAX. 30 m IDRM IRRM 20 A VOUT = VDRM/ VRRM 1.5 mA Value Unit VT0 Tj = 25 C MAX. Tj = 125 C 1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin Table 5. Thermal characteristics Symbol Parameter TO-220AB Rth(j-c) Junction to case (AC) Rth(j-a) Junction to ambient C/W 1.5 2PAK C/W D TO-220AB Figure 2. D2PAK Maximum power dissipation versus Figure 3. on-state rms current (full cycle) P(W) 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 of Cu 60 C/W 45 C/W On-state rms current versus case temperature (full cycle) IT(RMS) (A) 13 =180 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 IT(RMS)(A) TC(C) 1 0 0 1 2 Figure 4. 3.0 with 1 cm2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 On-state rms current versus ambient temperature (free air convection full cycle) 0 25 Figure 5. IT(RMS)(A) 1.0E+00 50 75 100 125 Relative variation of thermal impedance versus pulse duration K=[Zth/Rth] Z th(j-c) D2PAK With 1cm2 of cu Zth(j-a) 2.5 2.0 TO-220AB 1.5 1.0E-01 1.0 0.5 Tamb(C) tp(s) 0.0 0 25 50 75 100 125 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03 3/13 Characteristics Figure 6. ACST12 On-state characteristics (maximum values) Figure 7. ITM (A) 1000 Non repetitive surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles (Tj initial = 25 C) ITSM(A) 130 120 110 t=20ms 100 90 100 One cycle Non repetitive Tj initial=25 C 80 70 60 50 40 10 30 Tj=125 C Tj=25 C 20 Tj max : Vto = 0.90 V Rd = 30 m VTM (V) 1 Figure 8. 10000 2 3 4 Number of cycles 0 1 0 Repetitive TC=104 C 10 1 5 10 Non repetitive surge peak on-state Figure 9. current for a sinusoidal pulse and corresponding value of I2t ITSM(A), I2t (A2s) 100 1000 Relative variation of gate triggering current and gate voltage versus junction temperature (typical value) IGT, VGT[Tj] / IGT, VGT[Tj = 25 C] 3.0 dI/dt limitation: 100 A/s Tj initial=25 C 2.5 1000 IGT Q3 ITSM IGT Q1-Q2 2.0 100 1.5 It 1.0 VGT Q1-Q2-Q3 10 0.5 tP(ms) 1 0.01 0.10 1.00 T j(C) 0.0 10.00 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 10. Relative variation of holding Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of current (IH) and latching current (IL) decrease of main current (di/dt)c versus junction temperature versus (dV/dt)c IH,IL[Tj]/IH, IL[Tj = 25 C] 2.5 1.6 (di/dt)c[(dV/dt)c] / Specified(di/dt)c 1.4 2.0 1.2 ACST12-7Cxx 1.0 1.5 Typical values 0.8 1.0 ACST12-7Sxx 0.6 IL 0.5 0.4 IH 0.2 Tj (C) 0.0 -50 4/13 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0.0 0.1 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 (dV/dt)c (V/s) 1 10 100 ACST12 Characteristics Figure 12. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus junction temperature Figure 13. Relative variation of static dV/dt immunity versus junction temperature (dI/dt)c[Tj] / (dI/dt)c[Tj=125C] 11 12 10 11 9 10 dV/dt[Tj] / dV/dt[Tj=125C] VD=VR=469 V 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 Tj(C) Tj(C) 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 14. Relative variation of maximum clamping voltage, VCL versus junction temperature 1.15 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 15. Variation of thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab VCL[TJ/VCL[TJ = 25 C] Rth(j-a)(C/W) 80 Epoxy printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness = 35 m 70 1.10 DPAK 60 1.05 50 1.00 40 Minimum values 0.95 30 20 0.90 10 SCU(cm) TJ(C) 0.85 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 5 10 15 20 5/13 Application information ACST12 2 Application information 2.1 Typical application description The ACST12 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST12 switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 12 A with no turn off additional snubber. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as the compressor inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks to its low gate triggering current level, the ACST1210-7 can be driven directly by a MCU through a simple gate resistor as shown in Figure 16. Figure 16. Compressor control - typical diagrams Compressor Compressor AC Mains AC Mains 2 PTC Electronic starter 1 logical circuitry PTC ACST Start switch 3 ACST ACST Run switch Electronic thermostat ACST Rg Rg Power supply Gate Driver Power supply Compressor with integrated e-starter 6/13 Rg Gate Driver Compressor with external electronic drive Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 ACST12 Application information Figure 17. Universal drum motor control - typical diagram Universal motor Stator Rotor 12V AC Mains Motor direction setting MCU Speed motor regulation ACST Rg Vcc MCU 2.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST12 is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter VCL. The ACST12 switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes, such as the inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with high turn-on current ramp-up. The test circuit of Figure 18 represents the ACST12 application, and is used to stress the ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. The ACST12 folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 19. The ACST12 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero crossing current. Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 7/13 Application information ACST12 Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for IEC 61000-4-5 standards R = 20 , L = 2 H, Vsurge = 2 kV Surge generator 2kV surge Rgene Model of the load Filtering unit R L ACST12 AC Mains Rg Figure 19. Typical voltage and current waveforms across the ACST12 during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test V peak = V CL 1.2/50 s voltage surge V 0 8/20 s current surge I 0 8/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 ACST12 3 Ordering information scheme Ordering information scheme Figure 20. Ordering information scheme ACS T 12 10 - 7 G TR AC switch Topology T = Triac On-state rms current 12 = 12 A Sensitivity 10 = 10 mA 35 = 35 mA Voltage 7 = 700 V Package G = DPAK T = TO-220AB Delivery mode TR = Tape and reel (DPAK) Blank = Tube (TO-220FPAB, DPAK) Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 9/13 Package information 4 ACST12 Package information Epoxy meets UL94, V0 Recommended torque (TO-220AB): 0.4 to 0.6 N*m In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK(R) packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK(R) specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK(R) is an ST trademark. Table 6. TO-220AB dimensions Dimensions Ref. Dia C L5 L7 L6 L2 F2 D L9 L4 Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051 D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107 E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027 F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034 F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202 G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106 H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409 L2 F M G1 Inches A H2 F1 Millimeters 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ. L4 13 14 0.511 0.551 L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116 L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620 L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259 L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154 E G M Diam. 10/13 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 2.6 typ. 3.75 3.85 0.102 typ. 0.147 0.151 ACST12 Package information Table 7. D2PAK dimensions Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. A E C2 L2 D L Typ. Inches Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.30 4.60 0.169 0.181 A1 2.49 2.69 0.098 0.106 A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009 B 0.70 0.93 0.027 0.037 B2 1.25 C 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.024 C2 1.21 1.36 0.047 0.054 D 8.95 9.35 0.352 0.368 E 10.00 10.28 0.393 0.405 G 4.88 5.28 0.192 0.208 L 15.00 15.85 0.590 0.624 L2 1.27 1.40 0.050 0.055 L3 1.40 1.75 0.055 0.069 L3 1.40 0.048 0.055 A1 B2 R C B G A2 2mm min. FLAT ZONE V2 R V2 0.40 0 0.016 8 0 8 Figure 21. Footprint (dimensions in mm) 16.90 10.30 5.08 1.30 8.90 Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 3.70 11/13 Ordering information 5 ACST12 Ordering information Table 8. Ordering information Order code Marking ACST1210-7T ACST1210-7G Package Weight Base qty Packing mode TO-220AB ACST12107 Tube 1.5 g 50 Tube 2 D PAK D PAK 1.5 g 1000 Tape and reel ACST1235-7T TO-220AB ACST12357 ACST1235-7GTR 2.3 g 50 Tube 2 D PAK 1.5 g 50 Tube 2PAK 1.5 g 1000 Tape and reel D Revision history Table 9. 12/13 50 ACST1210-7GTR ACST1235-7G 6 2.3 g 2 Document revision history Date Revision Changes 02-Dec-2008 1 First issue. 13-Apr-2010 2 Updated ECOPACK statement. Reformatted for consistency with other datasheets in this product class. 01-Jul-2010 3 Updated Figure 20. 07-Dec-2010 4 Updated Table 3. Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 ACST12 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ("ST") reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST's terms and conditions of sale. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. If any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by ST for the use of such third party products or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoever of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein. UNLESS OTHERWISE SET FORTH IN ST'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE ST DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE USE AND/OR SALE OF ST PRODUCTS INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION), OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. UNLESS EXPRESSLY APPROVED IN WRITING BY AN AUTHORIZED ST REPRESENTATIVE, ST PRODUCTS ARE NOT RECOMMENDED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED FOR USE IN MILITARY, AIR CRAFT, SPACE, LIFE SAVING, OR LIFE SUSTAINING APPLICATIONS, NOR IN PRODUCTS OR SYSTEMS WHERE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY, DEATH, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE. ST PRODUCTS WHICH ARE NOT SPECIFIED AS "AUTOMOTIVE GRADE" MAY ONLY BE USED IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS AT USER'S OWN RISK. Resale of ST products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by ST for the ST product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, any liability of ST. ST and the ST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of ST in various countries. Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners. (c) 2010 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com Doc ID 15238 Rev 4 13/13