SE868V3B577T001 - Telit - Product.Network

SE868-V3 Prod uct User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

APPLICABILITY TABLE

PRODUCT

SE868-V3

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE

Notice

While reasonable efforts have been made to ass ure the accuracy of this document, Telit assumes

no liability resulting from any inaccuracies or omissions in this document, or from use of the

information obtained he rein . The inform ation in this do cum ent has been carefully checked and

is believed to be entirely reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies or

omissions. Telit reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein and

reserves the right to revise this document and to make changes from time to time in content

hereof with no obligation to notify any person of revisions or changes. Telit does not assume

any liability arising out of the application or use of any product, software, or circuit described

herein; neither does it convey license under its patent rights or the rights of others.

It is possible that this publication may contain references to, or information about Telit products

(machines and programs), programming, or services that are not announced in your country. Such

references or information must not be construed to mean that Telit intends to announce such Telit

products, programming, or se rvices in your country.

Copyrights

This instruction manual and the Telit products described in this instruction manual may be,

include or describe copyrighted Telit material, such as computer programs stored in

semiconductor memories or other media. Laws in the Italy and other countries preserve for Telit

and its licen sor s cer ta in exclus ive rig hts for copyrigh te d material, inc luding the e x clu s ive right

to copy, reproduce in any form, distribute and make derivative works of the copyrighted

material. Accordingly, any copyrighted material of Telit and its licensors contained herein or

in the Telit products described in this instruction manual may not be copied, reproduced,

distributed, m erged or m odified in any manner without the express wr itten pe rm ission of Telit.

Furthermore, the purchase of Telit products shall not be deemed to grant either directly or by

implication, estoppel, or otherwise, any license under the copyrights, patents or patent

applications of Telit, as arises by operation of law in the sale of a product.

Computer Software Co pyrights

The Telit and 3rd Party supplied Software (SW) products described in this instruction manual

may include copyrighted Telit and other 3rd Party supplied computer programs stored in

semiconductor memories or other media. Laws in the Italy and other countries preserve for Telit

and other 3rd Party supplied SW certain exclusive rights for copyrighted computer programs,

including the exclusive right to copy or reproduce in any form the copyrighted computer

program. Accordingly, any copyrighted Telit or other 3rd Party supplied SW computer

programs contained in the T elit products described in this inst ruction manual may not be copied

(reverse engineered) or reproduced in any manner without the express written permission of

Telit or the 3rd Party SW supplier. Furthermore, the purchase of Telit products shall not be

deemed to grant either directly or by implication, estoppel, or otherwise, any license under the

copyrights, patents or patent applications of Telit or other 3rd Party supplied SW, except for

the normal non-exclusive, royalty free license to use that arises by operation of law in the sale

of a product.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Usage and Disclosure Restrictions

License Agreements

The software described in t his document is the propert y of Telit and its licensors. It is furnished

by express license agreement only and may be used only in accordance with the terms of such

an agreement.

Copyrighted Materials

Software and documentation are copyrighted materials. Making unauthorized copies is

prohibited by law. No part of the software or documentation may be reproduced, transmitted,

transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language,

in any form or by any means, without prior written permission of Telit

High Risk Materia ls

Components, un its, or th ird-party products used in the produc t des cribed herein a r e NO T faul t-

tolerant and are NO T desig ned, manufactu red, or inten ded for use a s on-line con trol equipment

in the following hazardous environments requiring fail-safe controls: the operation of Nuclear

Facilities, Aircraft Navigation or Aircraft Communication Systems, Air Traffic Control, Life

Support, or Weapons Systems (High Risk Activities"). Telit and its supplier(s) specifically

disclaim any expressed or implied warranty of fitness for such High Risk Activities.

Trademarks

TELIT and the Sty lized T Log o are registered in Trademark O ffice. All other prod uct or service

names are the property of their respective owners.

Third Part y Rights

The softwa re m ay includ e Th ird Par ty Rig ht softwa re. I n this cas e you agree to c o mp ly with all

terms and conditions imposed on you in respect of such separate software. In addition to Third

Party Terms, the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provisions in this License

shall apply to the Third Party Right software.

TELIT HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED

FROM ANY THIRD PARTIES REGARDING ANY SEPARATE FILES, ANY THIRD

PARTY MATERIALS INCLUDED IN THE SOFTWARE, ANY THIRD PARTY

MATERIALS FROM WHICH THE SOFTWARE IS DERIVED (COLLECTIVELY “OTHER

CODE”), AND THE USE OF ANY OR ALL THE OTHER CODE IN CONNECTION WITH

THE SOFTWARE, INCLUDING (WITHOUT LIMITATION) ANY WARRANTIES OF

SATISFACTORY QUALITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

NO THIRD PARTY LICENSORS OF OTHER CODE SHALL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR

ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR

CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOST PROFITS),

HOWEVE R CAUSED AND W HET HE R MADE UNDER CONT RAC T , TOR T OR OTHER

LEGAL THEORY, ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OR DISTRIBUTION OF

THE OTHER CODE OR THE EX ERCISE OF ANY R IGHTS GR ANT ED UNDER E ITHER

OR BOTH THIS LICENSE AND THE LEGAL TERMS APPLICABLE TO ANY

SEPARATE FILES, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Contents

1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 10

1.1. Purpose .................................................................................................................. 10

1.2. Contact Information, Support ................................................................................. 10

1.3. Text Conventions ................................................................................................... 10

1.4. Related Documents ................................................................................................ 11

2. Product Description ................................................................................................... 12

2.1. Product Overview ................................................................................................... 12

2.2. Product Variants ..................................................................................................... 13

2.2.1. Hardware ................................................................................................................... 13

2.2.2. Firmware .................................................................................................................... 13

2.3. Block Diagram ........................................................................................................ 14

2.4. SE868-V3 Modu le Photo ........................................................................................ 15

3. Evaluation Kit (EVK) ................................................................................................... 16

3.1. SE868-V3 Evaluati on Ki t ........................................................................................ 16

4. Product Features ........................................................................................................ 18

4.1. Multi-Constellation Navigation ................................................................................ 18

4.2. QZSS support ........................................................................................................ 18

4.3. Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) ...................................................... 18

4.3.1. SBAS Correc t io ns ...................................................................................................... 18

4.3.2. SBAS Ranging ........................................................................................................... 18

4.4. Elevation Mask Angle ............................................................................................. 18

4.5. Assisted GPS (AGPS) - SiRFInstantFix™.............................................................. 19

4.5.1. Client-g enerat ed Extended Ephemeris (CGEE) ......................................................... 19

4.5.2. Server-generated Extended Ephemeris (SGEE) ........................................................ 19

4.6. 2-D Positionin g ....................................................................................................... 19

4.7. Static Navigation .................................................................................................... 19

4.8. Velocity Dead-Reckoning ....................................................................................... 20

4.9. Jamming Rejection – Continuous Wave (CW) Jamming Mitigation ....................... 20

4.10. Internal LNA ........................................................................................................ 21

4.11. 5 Hz Navi gation................................................................................................... 21

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

4.12. 1PPS ................................................................................................................... 22

4.13. Device Wake-up (1st Port) ................................................................................... 22

4.14. MEMS Wakeup (2nd Port - I2C) ........................................................................... 22

4.15. Message Waiting (Data Ready Indicator) ........................................................... 22

4.16. I/O Communication Ports .................................................................................... 22

4.17. Power Management Modes ................................................................................ 23

4.17.1. Full Power Mode .................................................................................................... 23

4.17.2. SmartGNSS ........................................................................................................... 23

4.17.3. Trickle Power ......................................................................................................... 24

4.17.4. Push-to-Fix ............................................................................................................. 24

4.17.5. SiRFaware ............................................................................................................. 24

4.17.6. Hibernate ............................................................................................................... 24

5. Product Compatibility ................................................................................................ 25

5.1. Upgrading JF2 designs to the SE868-V3 ............................................................... 25

5.2. Upgrading SE868-V2 designs to the SE868-V3 ..................................................... 26

6. Product Performance ................................................................................................. 27

6.1. Hor i zontal Positi on Accuracy .................................................................................. 27

6.2. Time to First Fix ..................................................................................................... 28

6.3. Sensitivity ............................................................................................................... 29

7. Software Interface ...................................................................................................... 30

7.1. NMEA Output Messages ........................................................................................ 30

7.1.1. Standard Messages ................................................................................................... 30

7.1.2. Proprietary Output M essages .................................................................................... 31

7.2. NMEA Input Commands ........................................................................................ 32

7.2.1. Change output sentences and their rates ................................................................... 32

7.2.2. Change data rate ....................................................................................................... 32

7.2.3. Switch to OSP protocol .............................................................................................. 32

7.3. OSP Output Messages .......................................................................................... 32

7.4. OSP Input Commands ........................................................................................... 32

7.4.1. Change output messages .......................................................................................... 32

7.4.2. Change data rate ....................................................................................................... 32

7.4.3. Switch to NMEA protocol and data rate...................................................................... 32

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

8. Flash Upgradability .................................................................................................... 33

9. Elect rical Interf ac e ...................................................................................................... 34

9.1. M odule Pi n-out ....................................................................................................... 34

9.2. DC Characteristic s ................................................................................................. 36

9.3. Absolute Maximum Ratings .................................................................................... 36

9.4. Power Supply ......................................................................................................... 37

9.4.1. Voltage Supply Design ............................................................................................... 37

9.4.2. 1.8 V Supply Voltage ................................................................................................. 37

9.4.3. DC Power Requirements ........................................................................................... 37

9.4.4. ON-OFF (input) and SYSTEM-ON (output) ................................................................ 38

9.4.5. DC Power Consumption ............................................................................................ 39

9.5. Reset ...................................................................................................................... 41

9.6. Boot Sel ect ............................................................................................................. 41

9.7. Host I/O Port Configuration and Operation............................................................. 42

9.7.1. Host Port Configuration for 1st Port (port 0) ................................................................ 42

9.7.2. Host Port Configuration for 2nd Port (port 1) .............................................................. 43

9.7.3. UART Operation ........................................................................................................ 43

9.7.4. I2C Operation ............................................................................................................. 44

9.7.5. SPI Operation ............................................................................................................ 45

9.8. RF Interface ........................................................................................................... 46

9.8.1. RF Input ..................................................................................................................... 46

9.8.2. External Active Antenna Voltage ................................................................................ 46

9.8.3. Burnout Protection ..................................................................................................... 46

9.8.4. Jamming Rejection .................................................................................................... 46

9.8.5. Frequency Plan .......................................................................................................... 47

9.9. Local Oscillator Leakage ........................................................................................ 47

10. Reference Designs .................................................................................................. 48

11. RF Front End Design ............................................................................................... 51

11.1. RF Signal Requirements ..................................................................................... 51

11.2. GNSS Antenna Pol ar i z at ion ................................................................................ 52

11.3. Active versus Passive Antenna ........................................................................... 53

11.4. GNSS Antenna Gai n ........................................................................................... 53

11.5. External LNA Gain and Noise Figure .................................................................. 54

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

11.6. System Noise Floor ............................................................................................. 54

11.7. RF Trace Losses ................................................................................................. 55

11.8. PCB stack and Trac e I mpe da nc e ....................................................................... 55

11.9. Implications of the Pre-Select SAW Filter ........................................................... 56

11.10. Powering an External LNA (active antenna) .................................................... 56

11.11. RF Interference ................................................................................................ 57

11.12. Shielding .......................................................................................................... 57

12. Mechanical Drawing ................................................................................................ 58

13. PCB Footprint .......................................................................................................... 59

14. Product Packaging and Handling .......................................................................... 60

14.1. Product Marking and Serialization ...................................................................... 60

14.2. Product Packaging and Delivery ......................................................................... 61

14.3. Moisture Sensitivity ............................................................................................. 63

14.4. ESD S en s itivity ................................................................................................... 64

14.5. Reflow ................................................................................................................. 65

14.6. Assembly Considerations ................................................................................... 65

14.7. Washing Considerations ..................................................................................... 65

14.8. Safety .................................................................................................................. 65

14.9. Disposal .............................................................................................................. 66

15. Environmenta l Requirements ................................................................................. 67

15.1. Operating Environmental Limits .......................................................................... 67

15.2. Storage Environmental Limits ............................................................................. 67

16. Compliances ............................................................................................................ 68

16.1. CE Declaration of Conformity ............................................................................. 69

16.2. RoHs Compliance ............................................................................................... 70

17. Glossary and Acronyms ......................................................................................... 71

18. Safety Recommendations ....................................................................................... 75

19. Document History ................................................................................................... 76

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Figures

Figure 2-1 SE868-V3 Block Diagram .............................................................................................. 14

Figure 2-2 SE868-V3 Module Photo ................................................................................................ 15

Figure 3-1 SE868-V3 Evaluation Kit Contents ................................................................................. 16

Figure 3-2 SE868-V3 Evaluation Kit ................................................................................................ 17

Figure 9-1 SE868-V3 Pin-out Diagram ............................................................................................ 34

Figure 10-1 SE868-V3 Ref er enc e Design – Passive Antenna ......................................................... 48

Figure 10-2 SE868-V3 Ref er enc e Design – Active Antenna............................................................ 49

Figure 11-1 Cascade Noise Figure – example calculations with external LNA ................................ 54

Figure 11-2 RF Trace Examples ..................................................................................................... 55

Figure 12-1 SE868-V3 Mechanical Drawing .................................................................................... 58

Figure 13-1 SE868-V3 PCB Footprint ............................................................................................. 59

Figure 14-1 Product Label ............................................................................................................... 60

Figure 14-2 Product Packaging - Tray ............................................................................................. 61

Figure 14-3 Product Packaging - Tape and Reel ............................................................................. 62

Figure 14-4 Moisture Sensitive Device Label .................................................................................. 64

Tables

Table 2.1 SE868-V3 Product Variants - Hardware .......................................................................... 13

Table 2.2 SE868-V3 Product Variants - Firmware ........................................................................... 13

Table 4-1 Internal gain value and external gain range ..................................................................... 21

Table 4-2 Power Management Modes........................................................................................... 23

Table 6-1 SE868-V3 Horizontal Position Accuracy .......................................................................... 27

Table 6-2 SE868-V3 Time To First Fix ............................................................................................ 28

Table 6-3 SE868-V3 Sensitivity ....................................................................................................... 29

Table 7-1 Default NMEA Output Messages ..................................................................................... 30

Table 7-2 Available NMEA Output Messages ................................................................................. 31

Table 7-3 NMEA Talker IDs ............................................................................................................ 31

Table 9-1 SE868-V3 Pin-out Function Table ................................................................................... 35

Table 9-2 DC Charact eris tics .......................................................................................................... 36

Table 9-3 Absolute Maxim um Ratings ............................................................................................. 36

Table 9-4 DC Supply Voltage .......................................................................................................... 37

Table 9-5 Power Consumption – SE868-V3 Gen 1 ......................................................................... 39

Table 9-6 Power Consumption – SE868-V3 Gen 2 ......................................................................... 40

Table 9-7 Host I/O Port Configuration – First port (port 0) ............................................................... 42

Table 9-8 UART Pin Assignments ................................................................................................... 43

Table 9-9 I2C Pin Assignments ....................................................................................................... 44

Table 9-10 SPI Mode Pin Assignments ........................................................................................... 45

Table 9-11 Frequency Plan ............................................................................................................. 47

Table 9-12 LO Leakage .................................................................................................................. 47

Table 11-1 Inductor Loss ................................................................................................................ 57

Table 15-1 SE868-V3 Operating Environmental Limits ................................................................... 67

Table 15-2 SE868-V3 Storage Environmental Limits ...................................................................... 67

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

1. Introduction

1.1. Purpose

The purpose of this document is to provide product information for the SE868-V3 GNSS

module.

1.2. Contact Information, Support

For general contact, technical support, reporting documentation errors and to order manuals,

contact Telit Tech n ica l Support Cen ter ( TTSC ) at:

TS-AMERICAS@telit.com

TS-EMEA@telit.com

TS-APAC@telit.com

Alternatively, use:

http://www.telit.com/en/products/technical-support-center/contact.php

For detailed information about where you can buy the Telit modules or for recommendations

on accessories and components visit:

http://www.telit.com

To register for product news and announcements or for product questions contact Telit

Technical Support Center (TTSC).

Ou r a im is to make this guide as helpful as possible. Keep us informed of your comments and

suggestions for improvem ents.

Telit appreciates feedback from the users of our information.

1.3. Text Con ven tio ns

Danger – This information MUST be followed or catastrophic equipment failure or bodily

injury may occur.

Caution or Warning – Alerts the user to important points about integrating the module, if

these points are not followed, the module and end user equipment may fail or malfunction.

Tip or Information – Provides advice and suggestions that may be useful when integrating

the module.

All dates are in ISO 8601 format, i.e. YYYY-MM-DD.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

1.4. Related Documents

• SE868-V3 Data Sheet

• SE868-V3 Evaluation Kit User Guide (1VV0301206)

The following documents require a Non-disclos ure ag reem en t:

• NMEA Reference Guide (CS-129435-MA8)

• SiRFstar One Socket Protocol Interface Control Document (CS-129291-DCP15)

• SiRFstarV OSP Extensions (CS-303979-7)

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

2. Product Description

The SE868-V3 modules are complete multi-constellation position, velocity, and time (PVT)

engines featuring high performance, high sensitivity, and low power consumption. These

modules are capable of excellent performance in harsh environments. The inclusion of the

GLONASS and BeiDou constellations yields better coverage, greater accuracy, and improved

availability.

The SE868-V3 module is based on the SiRFstar 5e (B02) flash GNSS chip.

The SE868-V3 is pin-compatible with the SE868-V2 and J F2 modul es with some differences

for drop-in replacement. See Section 5 Product Compatibility for details.

2.1. Produc t O verview

• Complete GNSS receiver module including memory, LNA, TCXO, and RTC

• Based on the SiRFstar 5e (B02) flash GNSS chip

• Same footprint as JF2 and SE868-V2 modules (see Product Compatibility section

• GPS (L1), QZSS, and either Glonass (L1) or BeiDou (B1) simultaneous ranging

• Galileo rea dy

• SBAS capable (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN), including ranging

• AGPS support for extended ephemeris using local or server-based solutions:

o Client-G enerated Ex tende d E phemeris (CGEE )

o Server-Generated Extended Ephem eris (SGEE)

• Jamming Rejection

• Supports passive or active antenna

• 1PPS output

• Fix reporting at 1 Hz or 5 Hz

• NMEA v3.1 command input and data output

• OSP (binary) command input and data output

• Standard UART serial port for input commands and output messages

• The serial port is configurable for UART, I2C, or SPI interface

• Second serial port is configurable for UART or I2C interface

• The Second port may be used for MEMS wakeup (with FW support)

• 16 Megabit built-in flash memory

• 70 mW typical power consum ption (Full Power mode, GPS + GLONASS)

• Power management modes for extended battery life

o SiRFSmartGNSS I, SiRFSmartGNSS II

o Push-to-Fix, Trickle Power, SiRFaware

• Supported by evaluation kits

• -40°C to +85°C industrial temperature range

• 11 x 11 x 2.62 mm 32-pin QFN package

• Surface mountable by standard SMT equipment

• RoHS compliant design

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

2.2. Product Variants

2.2.1. Hardware

The first generation of SE868-V3 (Gen 1) was replaced by the second generation (Gen 2)

variant in January 2016. SE868-V3 (Gen 2) is fully backward compatible and has a reduced

power consumption of approximately ~35%.

Feature

SE868-V3

(Gen 1)

SE868-V3

(Gen 2 Low power)

Power

Supply

Linear

Switching

P/N ID

SE868V3AxxxPyyy

SE868V3BxxxPyyy

Table 2.1 SE868-V3 Product Variants - Hardware

2.2.2. Firmware

The firmware has two variants:

Feature

High Gain

Low Gain

Internal Gain

default

High

Low

Table 2.2 SE868-V3 Product Variants - Firmware

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

2.3. Block Diagram

Figure 2-1 SE868-V3 Block Diagram

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

2.4. SE868-V3 Module Photo

Figure 2-2 SE868-V3 Module Photo

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

3. Evaluation Kit (EVK)

3.1. SE868-V3 Evaluation Kit

The Evaluation Kit (EVK) contains the necessary hardware and software to assist in

evaluation and integration of the module in customer applications.

Note: The antenna is included but not visible under the ground plane.

Figure 3-1 SE868-V3 Evaluation Kit Contents

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Figure 3-2 SE868-V3 Evaluation Kit

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

4. Product Features

4.1. Multi-Constellation Navigation

GPS and GLONASS constellations ar e enabled by default.

The user may enable or disable GPS, GLONASS, and/or BDS constellations via OSP

command MID 222,16. Use of GLONASS or BDS alone may not give optimum positioning

results depending on the region that the receiver is located in.

4.2. QZSS support

The Japanese SBAS satellites are in a highly-inclined elliptical orbit which i s geosynchronous

(not geostationary) and has analemma-like ground tracks. This orbit allows continuous

coverage over Japan using only three satellites. Their primary purpose is to provide

augmentation to the GPS system (which is not supported in the current FW version), but the

signals may also be used for ranging.

QZSS ranging is disabled by default, but can be enabled via OSP command MID 222,16.

4.3. Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS)

The receiv er is cap able o f using SBAS satellites b oth a s a source o f differe ntia l correc tions an d

satellite ranging measurements. These systems (WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN and MSAS) use

geostationary satellites to transmit regional corrections via a GNSS-compatible sig nal.

4.3.1. SBAS Corre c t ions

The SBAS sa tellites transm it a set of diff erential co rrections usi ng a signal sim ilar to that of th e

GPS signals and in the same frequency band. The use of SBAS corrections can improve

positioning accuracy.

SBAS correc tion s are di sab led by default but can be en abled via OSP MIDs 133, 138, and 170

commands. Thereafter, the receiver will demodulate and use corrections data from the SBAS

signal.

4.3.2. SBAS Ranging

The use of SBAS satellites can augment the number of measurements available for the

navigation solution, thus improving availability and accuracy.

SBAS satellite ranging is disabled by default but can be enabled via a $PSRF103 NMEA

command or OSP Mode Control command (MID 136).

4.4. Elevation Mask Angle

The default elevation mask angle is 5° which can be changed using OSP MID 139.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

4.5. Assisted GPS (AGPS) - SiRFInstantFix™

Assisted GPS (or Aided GPS) is a method by which TTFF is improved (reduced) using

information from a source other than current broadcast GPS signals. Th ere are two sources of

predicted (extended) ephemeris:

• Locally-predicted ephemeris: Client-Generated Extended Ephemeris (CGEE)

• Server-predicted ephemeris: Server-Generated Extended Ephemeris (SGEE)

Both CGEE and SGEE are available for GPS and GLONASS satellites.

4.5.1. Client-generate d Ext e nde d E phe m eris (CGEE)

Extended ephemeris is computed in the receiver and then stored locally in the flash memory .

Whenever the module r eceives ephem eris data fo r a satellite, it checks if i t has computed CGEE

for that satellite recently. If it has not, it computes EE for that satellite (for the next 3 days for

GPS and 1 day for GLONASS) and stores it in flash me mory. The next time the module turns

on and broadcast ephemeris is not available for a visible satellite, the stored CGEE data is

searched to see if it is still valid and can be used. If EE data is available for enough satellites,

the receiver can obtain a first fix in 10 to 15 seconds (typical) rather than the usual 35 seconds

without EE data. CGEE is enabled by default.

4.5.2. Server-generated Extended Ephemeris (SGEE)

Extended ephemeris is computed at the se rver and saved in a file which can then be download ed

to the receiver’s flash memory. The server file contains 1, 3, 7, and 14, days of ephemerides.

To use SGEE data, a file must be transferred using NMEA or OSP commands. Please contact

Telit support for subscription details.

4.6. 2-D Positioning

By default, the module will compute a 2-D solution if possible when performing initial

acquisition. In a 2-D solution, the receiver assumes a value for altitude and uses it to estimate

the horizontal position. Under warm and hot start conditions, the receiver uses the last known

value of altitude, which is a good assumption in most situations. However under cold start

conditions, the last position is unknown, and the receiver assumes a value of 0. In situations

where the true altitude is significantly different from that, the horizontal position estimate will

be noticeably impacted. 2-D positioning is controlled by OSP MID 136.

4.7. Static Navigation

Static Navigation is an oper ational mode in which the receiver will freeze the posit ion fix when

the speed falls below a set threshold (indicating that the receiver is stationary). The course is

also frozen, and the speed is reported as 0. The navigation solution is unfrozen when the speed

increases above a threshold or when the computed position exceeds a set distance from the

frozen position (indicating that the receiver is again in motion). These thresholds cannot be

changed by the user.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

This fea ture i s use fu l fo r ap pli cations in wh ich v ery lo w d y nam ics are not expec te d, the cl ass i c

example being an automotive application.

Static Navigation is disabled by default, but can be enabled by OSP command MID 143.

4.8. Velocity Dead-Reckoning

Velocity dead-reckoning is the use of the last known velocity to propagate the navigation

solution when there are insufficient measurements to calculate an updated solut ion. It serves

to mitigate the effects of blocked satellite signals by continuing to provide a position output.

Note: The receiver outputs status information to indicate that a solution is being maintained

using dead-reckoning.

This feature is disabled by def aul t but can be enabled using the Mode Control message (MID

136). Valid timeout values are in a range from zero (which disables dead-reckoning) to two

minutes.

4.9. Jamming Rejection – Continuous Wave (CW) Jamming

Mitigation

Continuous Wave (C W) jam ming mitigation im proves per formance in a sy stem th at is a ffected

by these predictable jamming signals:

• Stable jamming signals generated by your system implementation, such as harmonics

of digital clocks and logic switching

• Predictable jamming signals in the RF environment (e.g. from collocated transmitters)

When this feature is ac tiv ated, the proces s for jamming mitig ation is:

1. Detect jamming signals above the noise floor.

2. Isolate and filter frequencies containing jamming signals.

The GNSS signal is constantly monitored for CW jammers and up to eight are detected and

cancelled in each band without any operator intervention.

GPS, GLONASS, and BDS band cancellers are activated and reported using OSP Message ID

92. This feature is useful both in the design stage and during the production stage for uncovering

issues relat ed to unexp ec ted jamming. Use OSP MID 220,1 to configure this feature.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

4.10. Internal LNA

The module has an adjustable gain internal LNA which allows the receiver to compensate for

the use o f various external antennas. The default gain (low or high) is determined by the version

of firmware installed in the module. The chart below shows the internal gain modes and the

allowable external gain.

Use the OSP command MID 178,71 to change the gain of the internal LNA.

⋅ Passive antenna:

For passive antenna op erati ons, the inte rnal LN A shou ld be in high g ain m ode. GPIO8

should normally be left unconnected or connected to monitor the receiver status.

⋅ Active antenna (or External LNA):

If an external LNA is used, total RF gain should not exceed the recommend limit of

30dB. When GPIO8 is high, the external LNA should be enabled; when low, it should

be disabled.

Gain Setting Internal LNA gain Internal LNA NF External Gain Range

High 16 dB 2 dB (typical) 0 to 14 dB

Low 6 dB 6.5 dB (typical) 14 to 24 dB

If the external gain is undetermined, use the low gain firmware build

Table 4-1 Internal gain value and external gain range

4.11. 5 Hz Navigation

When this fea ture is enabled, the re ceiver st arts in 1 Hz m ode and con tinues u ntil it achiev es an

over-determined fix with 5 or more satellites. It then computes and outputs solutions 5 times

per second. Each computation uses fewer, but more frequent satellite observations. In most

situations this gives a better response to vehicle velocity and course changes but might cause

slightly more erratic performance in stationary or low-dynamic situations.

The receiver a lso at temp ts to send out 5 t imes as m any m essages per second. The d ata rate may

need to be increased or the set of scheduled messages be reduced to avoid overloading the

available bandwidth.

For NMEA p rotocol, with defau lt messages se t on (GGA, GSA and RMC output once per cy cle

and GSV output once every 5 cycles) output is nearly 1300 characters per second. Including

start and stop bits, at least 19200 bps is required to avoid running out of bandwidth.

For multi-constellation output, one GNGNS and one GNGSA would be added to each report

cycle, and three GNGSV sentences every 5th cycle, requiring a minimum of 38,400 bps data

rate. For OSP protocol, CSR recommends a minimum data rate of 115200 bps.

To enable 5 Hz Nav ig ation, use a $PS RF103 com m and or an O SP MID 136 command with bit

2 of the pos_mode_enable field set to 1.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

4.12. 1PPS

1PPS is a one pulse per second signal which is enabled after the receiver has achieved a 5-

satellite Ka lm an filter position fix.

It is disabled when the fix goes invalid. However, if Velocity DR (see Section 4.8 Velocity

Dead-Reckoning) is enabled, the 1PPS pul se i s di sab led after the position fix bec om es invalid

and the Velocity DR timeout has expired.

The time mark is within 1 μs of the GPS epoch and typically within 100 ns.

The 1PPS pulse width is 250 ms.

4.13. Device Wake-up (1st Port)

The module will wake up from a commanded HIBERNATE state if the ON_OFF signal

remains high and there is a data trans ition on port 0 (the first port). The wake-up message will

not be acted upon since the receiver is not operating until after wake-up.

See Section 9.7 Host I/O Port Configuration and Operation for details.

Contact Telit support for implementation of this signal.

4.14. MEMS Wakeup (2nd Port - I2C)

If the 2nd port is operating as I2C, the module can configure a Kionix KXCJ9 MEMS

accelerometer to generate a signal when a threshold is exceeded. This signal can be connect ed

to a GPIO external inter rup t which will cause the module to wake up from a low power state.

Use of this feature will require a custom configured firmware build. Please contact Telit for

further details.

See Section 9.7 Host I/O Port Configuration and Operation for details.

4.15. Message Waiting (Data Ready Indicator)

The module will raise the MW (DRI) signal when data is waiting to be transmitted on port 0

and it is configured for either UART (with flow control enabled) or SPI interface.

See Section 9.7 Host I/O Port Configuration and Operation for details.

4.16. I/O Communication Ports

The 1st host port can be configured to communicate using UART, I2C, or SPI interface and

supports UART Device Wakeup.

The 2nd host port can be configured for UART or I2C interface and supports I2C MEMS wakeup.

See Section 9.7 Host I/O Port Configuration and Operation for details.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

4.17. Power Management Modes

The receiver features sev er al operating modes that provide reduced power consumption.

Availability of GN SS signals in the operational environm ent will be a factor in choosing power

management modes. The designer can choose a mode that provides the best trade-off of

navigation performance versus power consumption.

Each of the power management modes can be commanded using the Power Mode Request

Message (MID218,6). Please refer to the SiRFstarV OSP Extensions manual (CS-303979) for

details.

Power Mode

Name

Description

Continuous

Fixes

Full Power

Continuous operation in reporting position fixes

optimized for the best all-around performance.

SiRFSmartGNSS modes save power

based on

satellite signal strength.

SiRFSmartGNSS 1

SiRFSmartGNSS 2

Periodic Fixes

Trickle Power

Power cycling: RUN - STANDBY

Push To Fix

Power cycling: RUN - HIBERNATE

SiRFAware

Periodic data collection & updating

No Fixes

Hibernate

Only RTC and BBRAM are powered up.

Table 4-2 Power Management Modes

4.17.1. Full Power Mode

This mode has the highest average power consumption, but it is the most accurate navigation

mode and supports the most dynamic motion scenarios. Full Power is required during initial

satellite acquisition, tracking, & navigation and while receiving SGEE assistance data.

This is the default.

4.17.2. SmartGNSS

SmartGNSS modes are power saving alternatives for GNSS operation while maintaining

complete functionality of the device similar to full power mode.

The module defaults to full power during the initial acquisition of the first fix, and will

continue tracking in SmartGNSS if enabled. Therefore, all first fix metrics for SmartGNSS

are equivalent to full power.

4.17.2.1. SmartGNSS I

SmartGNSS I autonomously manages GNSS system usage based on signal conditions to save

power.

The adaptive m echanism uses fewe r syst em resources during strong signal condi tio ns and uses

more resources during weak signal conditions in order to maintain navigation performance. Full

constellation tracking is maintained while in this mode. 1PPS is available.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

4.17.2.2. SmartGNSS II

SmartGNSS II includes the benefits of SmartGNSS I and achieves further power reduction by

minimizing the usage of the secondary GNSS constellation. The adaptive mechanism adjusts

constellation usage based on signal conditions to maintain performance while minimizing

power consumption. 1PPS is available.

4.17.3. Trickle Power

This mode cycles between FULL POWER and STANDBY states. It provides GPS-only

navigation updates based on a duty cycle which can be set from 100 ms to 900 ms ON time.

The system runs in full power until it learns ephemeris and RTC calibration, then switches to

the specified duty cycle periods. If signals are w eak or the f ix is los t, th e receiver w ill g o to th e

FULL POWER state. TricklePower mode yields significant power savings in strong signal

conditions. 1PPS is n ot a v ailable.

4.17.4. Push-to-Fix

This mode provides for even lower power consumption than TricklePower and is intended for

applications that require relatively infrequent position reports. The position is reported

per iod ica ll y (once every 6, 12, 18, 24 seconds or 30 to 86400 seconds in 30 s increment s) and

also when requested by toggling the On-Off pin.

Push-to-Fix II allows vehicle velocity to be taken into account for PTF period, and also allows

QoS checks to be enabled or disabled.

4.17.5. SiRFaware

This is a power -saving mode t hat maintains GPS data by waki n g u p a t inter va l s ( e .g. e ve ry 3 0

minutes) to collect signals. Time/and position estimates are updated (e.g. every 10 minutes).

Extended Ephemeris will b e used if avail abl e.

4.17.6. Hibernate

The receiver can be commanded into the HIBERNATE state, which is the lowest power mode

available. O nly the R TC and B BR AM dom ains are po wered up. Use the NMEA $PSRF 117,16

or OSP MID 205 command to transition to this state. The module will also transition to

HIBERNATE when the ON-OFF pin is brought low.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

5. Product Compatibility

Th e SiRF starV (B02)-based SE868-V3 module incorporates new technology co mpared to the

previous S iRFstarI V and V-based designs. The SE868-V3 offers an upgrade path from existing

Telit and competitive designs.

The SE868-V3 is footprint-compatible with the SE868-V2 & JF2 family but it is not a drop-in

replacement. Some of the pins have a slightly different function. The designer will have to

modify the antenna and possibly other components in the RF path to accommodate the

GLONASS, BeiDou, and Galileo as well as the GPS signals. It may be possible to use the

SE868-V3 in place of some JF2 variants (design guidelines specified must be followed).

5.1. Upgrading JF2 designs to the SE868-V3

The SE868-V3 is a footprint-compatible replacement or upgrade for the JF2 variants (Flash,

EE, and ROM). However it is NOT design compatible. A SE868-V3 cannot be dropped in to a

JF2 design and operate properly. Listed be low are diff erences be tween the JF2 and the SE868-

V3 and the necessary external changes. There are other variations between the products that

also prevent them from being drop in replacements (such as differences in software) that are

not discussed here. Consult Telit support for more information.

• The ON-OFF signal for the SE868-V3 is level sensitiv e. High turns the module on; low

puts the module into HIBERNATE. The ON-OFF signal on the JF2 is edge sensitive.

• The SE868-V3 adds a new DC power pin. For compatibility with the JF2 flash and

ROM variants, a zero ohm jumper has been added internally so this pin will not need

to be powered. However, we recommend that it be connected to 1.8 V . The previ ous

JF2 variants had this pin as a no-connect. If the customer grounded this pin in their

design, it will short the 1.8 volt supply directly to ground.

• The SE868-V3 does not support EEPROM. It uses internal SQIF flash memory.

• The SE868-V3 supports DR I2C for MEMs wakeup on the 2nd port, but the previous

accelerometer (Kionix KXTF9) is deprecated and has been replaced by the Kionix

KXCJ9.

• GPIO 3 is not supported and is not brought out to any module pin.

• For the SE868-V3, GPIO8 is an output signal to enable an ext ern al LNA . The external

LNA should be enabled when GPIO8 is high. For passive antennas, GPIO8 can be left

unconnected or connected to monitor the status of the receiver. The GPIO8 signal was

used for LNA gain control in the JF2.

• The SE868-V3 is a complet e GNSS receiver th at is capable o f using Satell ites from the

GLONASS or BEIDOU constellations. The JF2 module only used GPS signals (with

a center frequency of 1575.42 MHz). The GLONASS frequency range is approximately

1598 to 1607 MHz. The BeiDou signal has a center frequency of 1561.098 MHz.

Appropriate design consideration should be taken when selecting the anten na a nd a ny

external LNA.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

• For the JF2 module, the idle state of the host port I/O lines is logic high. Care must be

used to prevent b ackdriving the R X line w hen the m odule is powered down. Th is is no

longer a consideration with the SE868-V3.

5.2. Upgrading SE868-V2 designs to the SE868-V3

The SE868-V3 is a footprint compatible replacement or upgrade for the SE868-V2. However,

an SE868-V3 cannot be dropped into a SE868-V2 design and operate properly without mi nor

changes. L isted below are d ifferences b etween th e SE868-V2 and the SE868-V3 along with the

necessary external changes. There are other variations between the products that also prevent

them from being drop in replacements, such as variations in software, that are not discussed

here. Consult Telit support for more information.

• The ON-OFF signal for the SE868-V3 is level sensitive. Hig h turns the m odule on; low

turns the module off. The ON-OFF signal on the SE868-V2 is edge sensitive.

• The SE868-V3 can use the BOOT pin to program the device, although SiRFLive does

not require it. The Boot pin was a no connect on the SE868-V2 (which used ROM).

• The SE868-V2 uses an internal SPI flash connected to GPIO0, GPIO1, GPIO3 and

GPIO4. The SE868-V3 uses internal SQIF m emory. GPIO3 is not supported and is no t

brought out to any SE868-V3 module pin. The remaining GPIO lines are available for

use depending upon software support.

• The SE868-V3 supports DR I2C for MEMs wakeup on the 2nd port, but the previous

accelerometer (Kionix KXTF9) is deprecated and has been replaced by the Kionix

KXCJ9.

The SE868-V2 do es not support DR I2C for MEMs wakeup be cause the 2nd port is used

by the internal SPI flash.

• For t he SE868-V3, GPIO8 i s an output signal that can be used to enable or disable an

external LNA. The LNA should be enabled when GPIO8 is high and disabled when

low. For passive antennas, GPIO8 can normally be left unconnected or connected to

monitor the status of the receiver. For the SE868-V2, GPIO8 was an input to select

LNA gain.

• Pin 6 is rese rved on th e SE 868-V3 and should not be c onnec ted to any ex ternal c ircuit.

It was a Ground on the SE868-V2.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

6. Product Performance

For best performance it is recommended that multi-constellation navigation be used.

6.1. Horizontal Pos iti on Acc uracy

Constellation(s) CEP (m)

GPS 1.2

GPS + Glon ass 1.5

GPS + BeiD ou 2.5

Test Conditions: 24-hr Static scenario, -130 dBm,

Full Power mode

Table 6-1 SE868-V3 Horizontal Position Accurac y

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

6.2. Time to First Fi x

Constellations(s) Sta r t Type Max TTFF (s)

GPS

Hot

1.0

Warm - Assisted

7.5

Warm 30

Cold

Glonass

Hot 3.2

Warm 32.6

Cold

53.9

GPS + G LO

Hot

1.1

Warm 22.8

Cold

GPS + BeiDou

Hot

1.1

Warm

29.7

Cold

32.2

Test Conditions: Static scenar io, -130 dBm, Full Power mod e

Table 6-2 SE868-V3 Tim e To F irst Fix

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

6.3. Sensitivity

Constellation(s) State Minimum Signal Level (dBm)

GPS

Acquisition -146

Navigation -161

Tracking -165

GLONASS

Acquisition -145

Navigation -158

Tracking -162

BeiDou

Acquisition -142

Navigation -150

Tracking -156

GPS + GLO

Acquisition -146

Navigation -161

Tracking -165

GPS + BeiDou

Acquisition -146

Navigation -161

Tracking -165

Test conditions: St atic scenario under ideal lab conditions using a GNSS simulator.

Table 6-3 SE868-V3 Sens itivi ty

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

7. Software Int erface

The host serial I/O port (UART, I2C, or SPI) supports full duplex communication between the

receiver and the user.

The default UART configuration is: NMEA, 9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit.

Two protocols are available for command input and data output:

• NMEA-0183 V3.10

• SiRF One Socket Protocol (OSP)

7.1. NMEA Output Messages

Defaults:

• NMEA-0183

• 1 Hz fix rate. Maximum is 5 Hz.

7.1.1. Standard Messages

Message ID

Description

Frequency

RMC

GNSS Recommended minimum navigation data

GGA

GNSS position fix data

GSA

GNSS Dilution of Precision (DOP) and active satellites

GSV

GNSS satellites in view.

1 / 5

Note: Multiple GSA and GSV messages may be output per cycle.

Table 7-1 Default NMEA Output Messages

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

The following messages can be enabled by command:

Message ID Description

GLL Geographic Position – Latitude & Longitude

VTG Course Over Ground & Ground Speed

ZDA Time and Date

GNS

GNSS Fix Data

Table 7-2 Available NMEA Output Messages

The following Talker IDs are used:

Talker ID Constellation

GA Galileo

GB BeiDou

GL GLONASS

GP GPS

GN Solutions using multiple constellations

Table 7-3 NMEA Talker IDs

7.1.2. Proprietary Output Messages

• The receiver can issue several proprietary NMEA output messages ($PSRF) which report

additional re ceiv er dat a and status in form atio n.

• Some of these messages exceed the 80-character limita tion of the NME A-0183 standard.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

7.2. NMEA Input Commands

The receiver uses NMEA proprietary messages for commands and command responses. This

interface provides configuration and control over selected firmware features and operational

properties of the module.

The format of a command is:

$<command-ID>[,<parameters>]*<cr><lf>

Commands are NMEA proprietary format and begin with “$PSRF”.

Parameters, if present, are comma-delimited as specified in the NMEA protocol.

7.2.1. Change output s e nt e nc es a nd t he ir ra t e s

Use the Query/Rate Control ($PSRF103) command to enable and disable output NMEA

messages and set their output rates.

7.2.2. Change data rate

Use the Set Serial Port ($PSRF100) command to change the port data rate.

7.2.3. Swit c h to OSP protoc ol

Use the Set Serial Port ($PSRF100) command to switch to the OSP protocol. It may be

necessary to change the data rate since OSP can generate a much larger volume of output per

reporting cycle.

7.3. OSP Output Messages

Please refer to SiRF OSP documentation.

7.4. OSP Input Commands

7.4.1. Change output m e s s age s

Use OSP MID 166 to change the output messages.

7.4.2. Change data rate

Use OSP MID 134 to change the baud rate

7.4.3. Switch to NME A protocol a nd da t a rate

Use the OSP MI D 129 command to switch to the NMEA protocol and chang e the port data rate.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

8. Flash Upgradability

The firmware stored in the internal Flash memory of the SE868-V3 may be upgraded via the

serial port TX/RX pads.

Please refer to the SE868-V3 Evaluation Kit User Guide to update the firmware.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9. Electrical I nterface

9.1. Module Pin-out

Figure 9-1 SE868-V3 Pin-out Diagram

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Name

Type

Function

Power

25, 27, 32

VDD18

Connect all pins to 1.8 V supply. See Section 9.4 Power Supply.

Ground

1, 4, 7, 9,

21, 31

GND

Connect all pins to ground.

RF Input

RF_IN

RF Input. See Section 9.8 RF Interface. No DC voltage may be applied.

Control Input

ON-OFF

On/Off. See Section 9.4.4 ON-OFF (input) and SYSTEM-ON (output)

NRESET

Reset (active low). See Section 9.5 Reset. This signal is not necessary for normal

operation and may be brought out to a test point or left unconnected.

BOOT-SEL

Low during normal operation. BOOT-SEL may be driven high to force the module into

the programmable state. BOOT-SEL is read prior to the host select lines (GPIO 6 &

7). If not used, this pin should be left floating or (preferably) brought out to a test

point. See Section 8 Flash Upgradability.

GPIO6

GPIO 6 & 7 are read only at powerup and reset events to configure the 1st host serial

port. See Section 9.7.1 Host Port Configuration for 1st Port.

After configuration, they may be enabled for UART or SPI signal lines, depending on

the firmware configuration.

GPIO7

Output

SYSTEM-ON

Indicates the power state of the module. Also called Wakeup.

See section 9.4.4ON-OFF (input) and SYSTEM-ON (output)

GPIO8

External LNA control. Also called GNSS_ON. See Section 4.10 Internal LNA.

1 PPS time mark. See Section 4.12 1PPS

1st Host Communications Port I/O See Section 9.7.1 Host Port Configuration for 1st Port

I/O

1st Port I/O: UART-Xmit (TX), I2C- Clock (SCL), or SPI-Data Out (MISO)

I/O

1st Port I/O: UART-Recv (RX), I2C- Data (SDA), or SPI-Data In (MOSI)

GPIO6

I/O

After configuration, may be used for 1st port: UART-CTS or SPI-SCLK

GPIO7

I/O

After configuration, may be used for 1st port: UART-RTS or SPI-nCS

2nd Host Communications Port I/O See Section 9.7.2 Host Port Configuration for 2nd Port

GPIO1

I/O

2nd Port I/O: UART-Recv (RX), MEMS I2C Clock (SCL)

GPIO0

I/O

Port I/O: UART-Xmit (TX), MEMS I

C Data (SDA)

GPIO

GPIO4

I/O

Function depends on Firmware configuration. Leave unconnected.

GPIO2

I/O

Function depends on Firmware configuration. Leave unconnected.

No Connection

2, 3, 14,

16, 20, 22

No Connection.

No Connection in SE868-V3. (Was GPIO3 in SE868-V2).

Reserved

Reserved - Do not connect to any external circuit. (Was GND in SE868-V2).

Table 9-1 SE868-V3 Pin-out Function Table

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.2. DC Characteristics

Signal Description Min Typ Max Units

VOL Low level output voltage, IOL 2mA - - 0.4 V

VOH High level output voltage, IOH 2mA 0.75*VDD - - V

VIL Low level input voltage -0.3 - 0.45 V

VIH High level input voltage, IIH 2mA 0.7*VDD - 3.6 V

RPU Internal pull-up resistor equivalent 50 86 157 kΩ

RPD Internal pull-down resistor equivalent 51 91 180 kΩ

LI Input leakage at VI = 1.8 V or 0 V -10 - 10 µA

LO Tristate output l eak ag e at VO = 1.8 V or 0 V -10 - 10 µA

CI Input capacitance, digital output - 8 - pF

Table 9-2 DC Characteristics

9.3. Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter Pins Max Rating Units

RF Input Vol tage All RF input s 1.5 V

RF Input Po wer All RF i nputs 10 dBm

ESD Voltage CDM

JESD22-C101E

All Pins +/- 1100 V

ESD Voltage HDM

JEDEC JS-001-2012

All Pins +/-500 V

1.8 V Supply Voltage VDD_18 2.2 V

I/O Pin Voltage All digital i np uts 3.60 V

Table 9-3 Absolute Maximum Ratings

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.4. Power Supply

9.4.1. Volta ge S upply Des ign

The DC voltage supply (including regulators, capacitors, etc.) must be designed to insure that

the power is maintained within the below specifications.

9.4.2. 1.8 V Supply Voltage

Unlike some previous GNSS receiver modules, the SE868-V3 requires a single always-on 1.8

V supply. Rather than having a “split” power supply design of main and backup, the module

manages all of its pow e r modes internally . The module will powe r up in to the s tat e determined

by the ON-OFF pin (High: RUN; Low: HIBERNATE).

The current state of the SE868-V3 can be determined by monitoring the “SYSTEM-ON” signal.

See section 9.4.4 ON-OFF (input) and SYSTEM-ON (output).

If the 1.8 volt DC supply is removed from the module (regardless of power state) it will lose

curre nt RTC time and the conten ts of th e in terna l SRAM. To execute an orderly sh utdown, first

place the m odule into the H IBERNATE state, then remov e power. To prevent improper sta rtup,

keep the power removed for approximately 10 seconds to reliably clear the SRAM contents.

The module monitors the 1.8 volt supply and issues an internal hardware reset if the supply

drops below 1.7 volts. This reset protects the memory from accidental writes during a power

down condition. The reset forces the module into a low power state.

To prevent the reset, the 1.8 volt supply must be regulated to be within ±50 mV of nominal

voltage (including load reg ulation and power supply noise and ripple). Noise and ripple outside

of these limits can affect GNSS sensitivity and also risk tripping the internal voltage supervisors,

thereby shutting down the module unexpectedly . Regulators with very g ood load regulation are

strongly recommended along with adequate power supply filtering to prevent power supply

glitches as the module transitions between power states.

The power supply voltage, noise and ripple must be between 1.75V and 1.85V for all

frequencies. To help meet these requirements, a separate LDO for the module is suggested.

9.4.3. DC Power Requirements

Name

Min

Typ

Max

Units

V18

1.75

1.8

1.85

Max ripp le: 54 mV (0 to 3 MHz), 15 mV (> 3 MHz)

Table 9-4 DC Supply Volt age

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.4.4. ON-OFF (input) and SYSTEM-ON (output)

The SE868-V3 module has three power states: OFF, RESET, and ON.

The ON state has three substates: HIBERNATE, STANDBY, and RUN.

The OFF state exists when power is removed from the module.

Upon initial application of power, the module enters the RESET state until the internal reset

process is com p leted. It then transitions (at least briefly) to the ON state.

In the ON state, the module will transition to either the RUN or HIBERNATE substate

depending on the status of the ON-OFF pin.

• If the ON-OFF pin is high, the module will transition to the RUN substate.

• If the ON-OFF pin is low, the module will transition to the HIBERNATE substate.

Note: T he ON_OFF pin must not be tied to V18 because it must be brought low, then high to

transition out of a commanded hibernate state.

The module will transition to the RESET state when external reset (nRESET) is pulled low, or

upon internal reset (e.g. supply voltage out of spec). The external nRESET signal takes

precedence over the state of the ON-OFF signal. SYSTEM-ON will be logic low.

While in the O N s ta te, th er e are thr ee substates, depen ding upo n the status of the ON-O FF pin,

commands or selected power management modes. The three substates are: HIBERNATE,

STANDBY, and RUN.

The module transitions between RUN and STANDBY via TricklePower modes; and between

RUN and HIBERNATE via PushToFix and SiRFaware modes. It can also transition from RUN

to HIBERNATE by de-asserting the ON-OFF signal. The firmware is configure d to transition

from HIBERNATE to RUN when data is received on the RX pin. Note that the first character

received is invalid in this case, so the command will not be acted upon.

• In the RUN substate, the SYSTEM-ON signal will be logic high.

• In the STANDBY OR HIBERNATE states, SYSTEM-ON will be logic low.

To execute an orderly shutdown, first place the module in the HIBERNATE substate, then

remove power.

Also, see Section 9.5 Reset.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.4.5. DC Power Consum pt ion

9.4.5.1. SE-868-V3 Gen 1 (Linear Mode Power Supply)

The SE868-V3 Gen 1 has been replaced by SE868-V3 Gen 2. See § 9.4.5.2.

SE868-V3 Gen 1 (Linear)

Power

Mode

Smart 2 Smart 1 Fu ll Po we r

State & Constellation Sym Typ Max Typ Max Typ Max Units

Acquisition

GPS only

111

GPS and Glonass

117

101

125

GPS and BeiDou

122

100

130

Navigation/Tracking

GPS Only

GPS and Glonass

124

GPS and BeiDou

111

135

Low Power – Trickle Po wer

GPS only – Push to Fix

GPS and Glonass – Push to Fix

GPS and BeiDou – Push to Fix

Low Power – Push To Fix

GPS only – Push to Fix

GPS and Glonass – Push to Fix

GPS and BeiDou – Push to Fix

Battery Backup (Hibernate)

Batt

Operating temperature: 25°C.

Supply voltage: 1.8 VDC nominal

Trickle Power mode: On 100 ms, Off 30 s

Push To Fix mode: 6 s

Table 9-5 Power Consumption – SE868-V3 Gen 1

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.4.5.2. SE-868-V3 Gen 2 (Switching Mode Power Supply)

SE868-V3 Gen 2 (SMPS)

Power

Mode

Smart 2 Smart 1 Fu ll Po we r

State & Constellation Sym Typ Max Typ Max Typ Max Units

Acquisition

GPS only

Icc

GPS and Glonass

Icc

GPS and BeiDou

Icc

Navigation/Tracking

GPS Only

Icc

GPS and Glonass

Icc

GPS and BeiDou

Icc

Battery Backup (Hibernate)

IBATT

Operating temperature: 25°C.

Supply voltages: 1.8 VDC nominal

Low Power mode: 500 ms duty cycle.

Periodic Mode: Default settings - asleep for 12 s, then awake for 3 s.

Table 9-6 Power Consumption – SE868-V3 Gen 2

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.5. Reset

The module will generate an internal reset as appropriate. Therefore, no external signal is

required for the module to operate properly and this pin may be left unconnected.

If an extern al reset is d esired, the signal m ust be eith er open coll ector or op en drain withou t any

form of pull up. Do no t pu l l this l ine hig h wi th either a pull up o r a dr iven log ic on e. Wh en this

line is pulled low, the module will immediately transition into reset mode.

When the external reset is released, the module will go through its normal power up sequence

provided the V18 supply is within specifications. See section 9.4.4 ON-OFF (input) and

SYSTEM-ON (outpu t)

Pulling NRESET low at any time forces the module into the reset state irrespective of the ON-

OFF signal. In the reset state, the SYSTEM-ON signal is low.

Once the NRE SET s ig nal is rele ased t he module will transition to th e HIBERNATE state or to

the ON state as determined by the ON-OFF signal input.

9.6. Boot Select

It is not necessary to use the Boot Select pin to re-flash the receiver since SiRFlive can use

commands to perform this task.

This pin should be left floating or (preferably) may be brought out to a test point.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.7. Host I/O Port Configuration and Operation

The receiver module includes two serial ports which are configured for the desired interface.

The first host port can be configured to communicate using a UART, I2C, or SPI interface.

See Section 9.7.1 Host Port Configuration for 1st Port for details of port configuration.

Device Wake-up (1st Port)

The module will wake up from a commanded HIBERNATE state if the ON_OFF signal

remains high and there is a data transition on port 0 (the first port). The wake-up message will

not be acted upon since the receiver is not operating until after wake-up.

See Section 9.7 Host I/O Port Configuration and Operation for details.

Contact Telit support for implementation of this signal.

The second host port is configured in the firmware build with one of two options:

• UART for message and command communication

• I2C for MEMS wakeup

Note: SPI is not available because it requires 4 pins

The default is I2C for MEMS wakeup.

Please conta ct Tel it support for details of port configuration.

Also, see Section 4.14 ME MS Wakeup (2nd Port - I2C).

9.7.1. Host Por t Configuration for 1st Port (port 0)

The receiver m odule includes a full-duplex se ria l inte rf ace which is configured for UART, I 2C

or SPI interface by reading GPIO6 and GPIO7 at start-up or reset (only).

The following table gives the required input signals:

Pin Pullup /

Pulldown

UART I2C

(multi-master)

SPI

(slave)

GPIO6 Weak

internal

pulldown

Pullup

10 kΩ to +1.8 V

(may become CTS)

Float

(becomes SCLK)

GPIO7

Weak

internal

pullup

Float

(may become RTS)

Pulldown

10 kΩ to ground Float

(becomes SPI_CS)

Table 9-7 Host I/O Port Configuration – Fi rst port (p ort 0)

Note: GPIO6 and GPIO7 are read for configuration purposes at power up or reset only.

Afterwards, they may be used for UART or SPI signal lines depending on firmware options.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.7.2. Host Por t Configurat ion for 2nd Port (por t 1)

The second host port default configuration in determined in the firmware build.

9.7.3. UART Operation

Upon power up, the module will communicate using a standard asynchronous 8 bit protocol

with output messages appearing on the TX line and input commands and data being received

on the RX line. The UART can operate at baud rates from 4800 bps to 1.2288 Mbps, however

speeds above 115,200 bps have not been fully tested and verified.

If the module is operated in TricklePow er mode, a b aud rate o f at least 38,400 is recomm ended.

This reduces the time required to empty the output buffer and allows the receiver to drop into

the low power state for a longer period of time.

The minim um recommended baud ra te for OSP is 3840 0, or 115200 if debug data messag es are

enabled.

Use the OSP MID 178,70 command to enable/disable flow control on the first port.

Use the Query/Rate Control (PSRF103) to enable and disable output NMEA messages and set

their output rates.

After configuration, the pins are defined as fo llow s:

Pin Name UART Function

First Port

TX0

Transmit Data (TX)

RX0

Receive Data (RX)

GPIO6

CTS (if enabled)

GPIO7

RTS (if enabled)

Second Port

TX1

Transmit Data (TX1)

RX1

Receive Data (RX1)

Table 9-8 UART Pin Assignments

Note: Flow control is disabled by default.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.7.4. I2C Operation

Upon power up, the module acts as a master transm itter and a slave receiver (multi-master m ode)

on the second port.

When used in I2C mode, external pull-ups in the range of 1K to 2.2K to a 1.8V to 3.6V power

supply are required on the RX and TX lines.

The default configuration is Multi-master. This can be changed to slave mode using an OSP

command MID 178, SID 1.

Clock rates of 100 and 400 kbps are supported.

The operation of the I2C with a master transm it and slave rece ive resembles a UART operation,

where both the module and the host can independently freely transmit. It is possible to enable

the master transmit and slave receive at the same time, as the I2C bus allows for contention

resolution between module and host vying for the bus.

After configuration, the pins are defined below:

Pin Name I2C Function

First Port

TX0

I2C Clock (SCL)

RX0

I2C Data (SDA)

GPIO6

Not used

GPIO7

Not used

Second Port

TX1

I2C Data (SDA)

RX1

I2C Clock (SCL)

Table 9-9 I2C Pin Assignments

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.7.5. SPI Operation

See Section 9.7.1 Host Por t Configuration for 1st Port to specify SPI interface.

The 2nd port cannot be configured for SPI interface since there are only two pins available.

SPI is supported in the slave mode. The Micro Wi re for mat is not supported.

Maximum speed is 6.8 MHz.

After configuration, the pins are defined below:

Pin Name SPI Function

First Port

TX0

SPI Data Out (MISO)

RX0

SPI Data In (MOSI)

GPIO6

SPI Clock (SCLK)

GPIO7

SPI Chip Select (CS#)

Second Port

Not Available

Table 9-10 SPI Mode Pin A ssignments

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.8. RF Interface

9.8.1. RF Input

The RF input (RF-IN) pin accepts GNSS signals in the range of 1561 MHz to 1606 MHz at a

level between -125 dBm and -165 dBm into 50 Ohm impedance.

No DC voltage can be applied to the RF input.

The RF input pin is ESD sensitive.

The SE868-V3 contains an integrated LNA and pre-select SAW filter. This allows the module

to work well with a passive GNSS antenna. If the antenna cannot be located near the module,

then an active antenna (that is, an antenna with a built in low noise amplifier) should be used.

Antenna Characteristics:

• Passive antenna: isotropic gain of greater than -6 dBi.

• Active antenna: noise figure of less than 1.0 dB will offer the best performance.

See Section 4.10 Internal LNA for recomm endations and m axim um rating s for a ctive ant enna

(or external LNA) gain.

9.8.2. External Active Antenna Voltage

If an activ e anten na (or exte rnal LNA) is us ed, an exter nal bias-T is required to provide voltage

to it. A DC blocking capacit or is also required to preven t DC voltage from being applied to RF-

IN pin.

9.8.3. Burnout Protecti on

The receiver accepts without risk of damage a signal of +10 dBm from 0 to 2 GHz carrier

frequency, except in band 1560 to 1610 MHz where the maximum level is –10 dBm.

9.8.4. Jamming Rejection

Jamm ing Rejection can be used for solv ing narrow band (CW ) EMI problems in the custom er’s

system . It is effectiv e against na rrow band c lock harm onics. Jamming Rejection is not effective

against wide band noise, e.g. from a host CPU mem ory bus or switching power supply because

these sources typically cannot be distinguished from thermal noise. A wide band jamming

signal effectively increa ses the noise floor and reduces GNSS signal levels.

Please refer to Section 4.9 Jamming Rejection for further details.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

9.8.5. Frequency Plan

Signal

Frequency (MHz)

TCXO Frequency

26.000

LO Frequency

1588.6

Table 9-11 Frequency Plan

9.9. Local Oscillator Leakage

Signal

Level

LO Leakage

-70 dBm (typical)

Table 9-12 LO Leakage

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

10. Reference Desi gns

Note: XC6221 is the DC voltage supply regulator

Figure 10-1 SE868-V3 Reference Design – Passive Antenna

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Note: XC6221 is the DC voltage supply regulator

Figure 10-2 SE868-V3 Reference Design – Act ive Antenna

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Along with power and ground, the minimum signals required to operate the module properly

are: one RF input and four d ig ital lines.

The RF input can be connected directly to a passive GNSS antenna.

C5 is used to block DC voltag e from entering the m odule. The active-antenna refe ren ce d esig n

shows a DC power feed for its LNA. The inductor L1 is chosen to be self-resonant at the GPS

L1 frequency (1.57542 GHz) to minimize loading on the RF trace. Capacitor C6 is chosen to

be self-resonant at the GPS L1 frequency such that it is close to an RF short at that frequency.

V_ANT is the supply voltage for the external active antenna.

TX0 is a s tandard s erial output - usually a UART w ith a defau lt bit rat e of 9600 bps, 8 data bits,

1 stop bit, and no parity. As is the case with a ll UART data, the idl e state is logic one. This is a

1.8 volt logic level signal. Note that it can be configured for I2C or SPI interface.

RX0 is a stand ard se ri al input - usually a UA RT with a defau lt b it rat e of 9600 bps, 8 data bits,

1 stop bit and no parity. As is the case with all UART data, the idle state is logic one. This is a

1.8 volt logic level signal, but is tolerant to 3.6 volts.

Note that it can be configured for I2C or SPI interface.

TX1 and RX1 can be configured for I2C interface, but not SPI interface.

SYSTEM-ON is an output indicating the power state of the module. If the module is in the

RUN state, the log ic lev el w ill be high (1.8 V), otherwise the logic level will be low.

ON-OFF is an input to control the power state of the module. After power-up, the module will

enter the RUN state if i t is h ig h, or the HIBERNATE st ate if it i s low. SYSTEM- ON will th en

indicate the system’s state.

Note: ON-OFF must not be tied to V18 or the module will not be able to exit a commanded

HIBERNATE state.

Resistor R1 as shown pu lls GPI O6 high, w hich specifies the host port configuration to be serial

UART.

See Section 9.7 Host I/O Port Configuration and Operation for details.

The power supply shown is a minimal design for power requirements. The power supply must

have tight voltage regulation under varying line and load conditions to prevent falsely tripping

the internal voltage supervisor within the module.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

11. RF Front End Design

11.1. RF Signal Requirements

The receiver can achieve Cold Start acquisition with a sig nal level above the specified minimum

at its input. This means that it can acquire and track visible satellites, download the necessary

ephemeris data and compute the location within a 5 minute period. In the GNSS signal

acquisition process, demodulating the n avig ation m essag e data is the most di fficul t task, w hich

is why Cold Start acquisition requires a higher signal level than navigation or tracking. For the

purposes of this discussion, autonomous operation is assumed, which makes the Cold Start

acquisition level the dominant design constraint. If assistance data in the form of time or

ephem eris aiding is availa b le, lower sig nal lev el s can be used for acqu isit ion.

The GPS signal is defined by IS-GPS-200. This document states that the signal level received

by a linearly polarized antenna having 3 dBi gain will be a minimum of -130 dBm when the

antenna is in t he wo rst-case orientat ion and the satel lite is 5 deg rees o r m ore abov e the horiz on.

In actual practice, th e GPS satel lites transm it slightly m ore power than specified, and the signal

level typically increases if a satellite has higher elevation angles.

The GLONASS signa l is defined by GLONASS ICD 2 008 Version 5.1. This document states

that the power level of the received RF signal from GLONASS satellite at the output of a 3dBi

linearly polarized antenna is not less than -131dBm for L1 sub-band provided that the satellite

is observed at an angle 5 degrees or more above the horizon.

The receiver will display a reported C/No of 40 dB-Hz for a GPS signal level of -130 dBm at

the RF input. This assumes a SEN (system equivalent noise) of the receiver of 4dB. System

Equivalent Noise includes the Noise Figure of the receiver plus signal processing or digital

noise. For an equivalent GLONASS signal level the GLONASS signal will report a C/No of

approximately 39 dB-Hz. This is due to the receiver’s higher losses (NF ) for GLONASS signals

and a higher signal processing noise for GLONASS signals.

Each GNSS satellite presents its own signal to the receiver, and best performance is obtained

when the signal levels are between -130 dBm and -125 dBm. These received signal levels are

determined by:

• GNSS satellite transmit power

• GNSS satellite elevation angle

• Free space path loss

• Extraneous path loss (such as rain)

• Partial or total path blockage (such as foliage or buildings)

• Multipath interference (caused by signal reflection)

• GNSS antenna characteristics

• Signal path after the GNSS antenna

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

The satellite transmit power is specified in each constellation’s reference documentation,

readily available online.

The GNSS signal is relatively immune to attenuation from rainfall.

However, the GNSS signal is heavily influenced by attenuation due to foliage (such as tree

canopies, etc.) as well as outright blockage caused by buildings, terrain or other items near the

line of sight to the specific GNSS satellite. This variable attenuation is highly dependent upon

satellite loc ation. If enoug h satelli tes are block ed, say a t a low e r elev at ion, o r a ll in one g en e ral

direction, the geometry of the remaini ng satellites will r esult is a lower position acc u r ac y. The

receiver reports this geometry effect in the form of PDOP, HDOP and VDOP numbers.

For example, in a vehicular application, the GNSS antenna may be placed on the dashboard or

rear pack age tray of an autom obile. The metal roof of the vehicle will cau se significant blockag e,

plus any therm al coat ing ap plied to the v ehicl e glas s ca n attenu ate th e GNSS signa l by as m uch

as 15 dB. Again, both of these factors will affect the performance of the receiver.

Multipath inte rferen ce is a phen omenon where the signal from a particular satellite is reflected

and is received by the GNSS antenna in addition to or in place of the line of sight signal. The

reflected signal has a path length that is longer than the line of sight path and can either attenuate

the original signal, or, if received in place of the original signal, can add error in determining a

solution because the distance to the particular satellite is actually shorter than measured. It is

this phenomenon that makes GNSS navigation in urban canyons (narrow roads surrounded by

high rise buildings) so challenging. In general, the reflection of a GNSS signal causes the

polarizat ion to rev erse. The implica tio ns of this are cov ered in the next sec tion.

11.2. GNSS Antenna Polarization

The GPS broadcast signal is Right Hand Circularly Polarized (RHCP).

An RHCP an tenna w ill have 3 dB gain com pared t o a linea rly-polarized antenna ( assum ing the

same antenna gain specified in dBic and dBi respectively).

An RHC P antenna is be tter at reject ing m ultipath int erf erence th an a line arly po lariz ed antenna

because the reflected signal changes polarization to LHCP. This signal would be rejected by

the RHCP antenna, typically by 20 dB or greater.

If the multipath signal is attenuating the line of sight signal, then the RHCP antenna would

show a higher signal level than a linearly polarized antenna because the interfering signal is

rejected.

However, in the case where the multipath signal is replacing the line of sight signal, such as in

an urban canyon environment, then the number of satellites in view could drop below the

minimum needed to determine a 3D position. This is a case where a bad signal may be better

than no signal. The system designer needs to understand trade-offs in their application to

determine the better choice.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

11.3. Active versus Passive Antenna

If the GNSS antenna is placed near the receiver and the RF trace losses are not excessive

(nominally 1 dB), then a passive antenna may be used. This would often be the lowest cost

option and most of the time the simplest to use. However, if the antenna needs to be located

away from the receiver, then an active antenna may be required to obtain the best system

perform ance. An activ e antenna inclu des a built- in low noise amplifier (LNA) to overcom e RF

trace and cable losses. Also, many active antennas have a pre-sel ect filter, a post-select filter,

or both.

Important specifications for an active antenna LNA are gain and noise figure.

11.4. GNSS Antenna Gain

Antenna gain is defined as the amplified signal power from the antenna compared to a

theoretical isotropic antenna (equally sensitive in all directions).

Optimu m p erformance i s re alized o nly if th e firm ware build and hardwar e config urat ion match

the type of antenna used (active or passive). The firmware must set the internal LNA gain to

correspond to th e instal led anten na.

For example, a 25 mm by 25 mm square patch ant enna on a reference groun d plane (usua lly 70

mm by 70 mm) may give an antenna gain at zenith of 5 dBic. A smaller 18 mm by 18 mm

square patch on a reference ground plane (usually 50 mm by 50 mm) may give an antenna gain

at zenith of 2 dBic.

An antenna vendor should specify a nominal antenna gain (usually at zenith, or directly

overhead) and antenna pattern curves specifying gain as a function of elevation, and gain at a

fixed elevation as a function of azimuth. Pay careful attention to the requirement to meet the

required design, such as ground plane size and any external matching components. Failure to

follow these requirements could result in very poor antenna performance.

It is important to note that GNSS antenna gain is not the same as external LNA gain. Most

antenna vendors will specify these numbers separately, but some combine them into a single

number. Both numbers are significant when designing the front end of a GNSS receiver.

For example, antenna X has an antenna gain of 5 dBic at azimuth and an LNA gain of

20 dB for a combined total of 25 dB. A ntenna Y has an antenna g ain of -5 dBic at azimuth and

an LNA gain of 30 dB for a combined total of 25 dB. However, in the system, antenna X will

outperform antenna Y by about 10 dB (Refer to the next section for more details on external

LNA gain).

An antenna with higher gain will generally outperform an antenna with lower gain. However,

once the signals are above about -130 dBm for a particular satellite, no improvement in

performance would be realized. But for those satellites with a signal level below about -135

dBm, a higher gain antenna would am plify the signal and improve the performance of the GNSS

receiver. In the case of really weak signals, a good antenna could mean the difference between

being able to use a particular satellite signal or not.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

11.5. External LNA Gain and Noise Figure

The modules can be used with an external LNA (usually built into an active antenna). Because

of the internal LNA, the overall external gain (including signal losses past the external LNA)

should conform to th e specification in Table 4-1 Internal gain value and external gain range

for best perform ance. Using an ex tern al L NA may require setting t he in tern al L N A to low gain

mode, which requi res a fir m w are cha ng e. Levels hig h er than specified may affect the jamm ing

detection capability and o v era ll performance of the receiver. Contact Telit for details.

The external LNA should have a n oise figure bet ter t han 1 dB . This w ill g iv e an ov erall sy stem

noise figure of around 2 dB (assuming the LNA gain is 14 dB) or higher if a low gain mode is

selected within the module. The overall system noise figure can be calculated using the Friis

formula for cascaded noise figure. The simplified formula is:

Equation 11-1 Cascade Noise Figure

Where F is the total system noise figure, F1 is the noise figure of the external LNA, F2 is the

noise figure of the internal LNA, and G1 is the gain of the exte rnal LNA. I n the GNSS receiver ,

digital nois e is an additive n umber and cannot be redu ced by reducing the Sy stem Noise figure.

Figure 11-1 Cascade Noise Figure – example calculations with external LNA

If the external LNA has no pre-select filter, it must be able to accommodate signals outside the

GNSS passband, which ar e typica lly at m uch higher l evels than GNSS. The ampli fier must stay

in the linear region when presented with these other signals. Again, the system designer needs

to determine all of the unintended s ignals and their possible levels that can be presented m aking

sure the external LNA will not be driven into compression. If this were to happen, the GNSS

signal itself would start to be attenuated and the GNSS performance would suffer.

11.6. System Noise Floor

The receiver will display a reported C/No of 40 dB-Hz for an input signal level of -130 dBm.

The C/No number means the carrier (or signal) is 40 dB greater than the noise floor measured

in a one Hz bandwidth. This is a standard method of measuring GNSS receiver performance.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

The simplified formula is:

C/No = GNSS Signal level – Thermal Noise – System NF

Therm al noise is -174 dBm/Hz at 290K.

Equation 11-2 Carrier to Noise Ratio

We can estimate a system noise figure of 4 d B for the module, cons isting of the pre-select SAW

filter loss, th e LNA noise f igure, and im plem entati on lo sses wi thin the d igita l sign al pro cessin g

unit. The DSP noise is typically 1.0 to 1.5 dB.

However, if a good qua lity extern a l L N A is u se d, the noise figure of that LN A ( ty p ica lly bette r

than 1dB) could reduce the overall system noise figure from 4 dB to approximately 2 dB.

11.7. RF Trace Losses

RF Trace losses on a PCB are difficult to estimate without having appropriate tables or RF

simulation software. A g ood rule of thumb would be to k eep the RF traces as short as possible ,

make sure they are 50 ohm impedance, and don’t contain any sharp bends.

Figure 11-2 RF Trace Examples

11.8. PCB stack and Trace Impedance

It is important to maintain a 50 Ω impedance on the RF path trace. Design software for

calculating trace impedance can be found from multiple sources on the internet. The best

method is to contact your PCB supplier and request a stackup for a 50 Ω controlled impedance

board. Th ey wil l giv e you a sug g ested trace w idth a long with PCB stack up needed to c reate th e

50 Ω impedance.

It is also important to consider the effects of component pads that are in the path of the 50 Ω

trace. If the traces are shorter than a 1/16th wavelength, transmission line effects will be

minimi zed, but stray capacitance from large component pads can induce additional RF losses.

It m ay be neces sa ry to ask t he P CB v endor to g en erate a new PC B s tack up and sug g ested t ra ce

width that is closer to the component pads, or modify the component pads themselves.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

11.9. Implications of the Pre-Select SAW Filter

The SE868-V3 modules include a pre-select SAW filter in front of the internal LNA. Thus the

RF input of the module is connected directly to the SAW filter. Any circuit connected to the

RF input pin would see a complex impedance presented by the SAW filter (especially out of

band), rather than the relatively broad and flat return loss presented by an LNA. Filter devices

pass the desired in-band signal, resulting in low reflected energy (good return loss), and reject

the out-of-band signals by reflecting it back to the input, resulting in bad return loss.

If an external amplifie r is to be used with the receiver, the overall des ign should be check ed for

RF stability to prevent the external amplifier from oscillating. Amplifiers that are

unconditionally stable at their output will function correctly .

If an external filter is to be connected directly to the module, care needs to be used in making

sure the external filter or the internal SAW filter performance is not compromised. These

components are typically specified to operate into 50 Ω impedance, which is generally true in-

band, but would not be true out of band. I f there is extra g ain associated with the external filter,

then a 6 dB Pi or T resistive attenuator is suggested to improve the impedance match between

the two components.

11.10. Powering an External LNA (active antenna)

An external LNA requires a source of power. Many active antennas accept a 3 V or

5 V DC voltage that is impressed upon the RF signal line.

Two approaches can be used:

1. Use an inductor to tie directly to the RF trace. This inductor should be at self-resonant at

L1 (1.57542 GHz) and should have good Q for low loss. The higher the inductor Q, the

lower the loss will be. The side of the inductor connecting to the antenna supply voltage

should be bypassed to ground with a good quality RF capacitor, again with self-resonance

at the L1 frequency.

2. Use a quarter wave stub in place of the inductor. The length of the stub is designed to be

exactly ¼ wavelength at L1, which has the effect of making an RF short at one end of the

stub to app ear a s an RF ope n at the other e nd. The RF short is created by a high quality RF

capacitor operating at self-resonance.

The choice between the two would be determined by:

• RF path loss introduced by either the inductor or quarter wave stub.

• Cost of the inductor.

• Space availability for the quarter wave stub.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Simulations done by Telit show the following:

Inductor Additional signal loss (dB)

Murata LQG15HS27NJ02 0.65

Quarter wave stub on FR4 0.59

Coilcraft B09TJLC (used in ref. design) 0.37

Table 11-1 Inductor Loss

Since this additional loss occurs after the LNA, it is generally not significant unless the circuit

is being designed to work with both active and passive antennas.

11.11. RF Interference

RF inte rference into the GN SS receiver tends to be the bigg est problem w hen determ ining why

the system performance is not meeting expectations. As mentioned earlier, the GNSS signals

are at -130 dBm and lower. If signals higher than this are presented to the receiver, the RF front

end can be overdriven. T h e r e c ei ve r c an r ej e ct a number of CW j amming signals in each band

(GPS, GLONASS, and BeiDou), but would still be affected by non-CW signals.

The most common source of interference is digital noise, often created by the fast rise and fall

times and high clock speeds of modern digital circuitry. For example, a popular netbook

computer uses an Atom processor clocked at 1.6 GHz. This is only 25 MHz away from the

GNSS signal, and depending upon temperature of the SAW filter, can be within its passband.

Because of the nature of the address and data lines, this would be broadband digital noise at a

relatively high level.

Such devic es ar e r equ ired t o adhe re to a reg ula tory s ta ndard fo r emissions su ch a s F CC Par t 1 5

Subpart J Class B or CISPR 22. However, these regulatory emission levels are far higher than

the GNSS signal.

11.12. Shielding

Shielding the RF circuitry generally is ineffective because the interference is received by the

GNSS antenn a itse lf, the m ost sen sitiv e portion of the RF path. The ant enna cannot be shie lded

because it could not then receive the GNSS signals.

There are two solutions, one is to move the antenna away from the source of interference, and

the other is to shield the digital interference source to p rev e nt it fro m getting to the ante nn a.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

12. M echanical Drawing

Figure 12-1 SE868-V3 Mechanical Drawing

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

13. PCB Footprint

Figure 13-1 SE868-V3 PCB Footprint

The module shall be mounted on a PCB which complies with V-0 flammability class.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

14. Product Packaging and Handling

14.1. Product Marking and Serialization

The SE868-V3 module label has a 2D Barcode with the module serial number.

Contact a Telit representative for information on specific module serial numbers.

Key Description

0 P in 1 identification

1 Te li t logo

2 Product ID

3 P roduct Variant (if any)

4 Barcode type 2D datamatrix and text of Telit Serial Number

11 digit (base 36 - 0 to 9 followed by A to Z)

5 CE logo

Sample text (if any)

Figure 14-1 Product Label

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

14.2. Product Packaging and Delivery

SE868-V3 modules are available in Trays or on Tape and Reel.

All packaging is ESD protective lined.

Modules shipped in tray form:

Each tray is ‘dry’ packaged and vacuum sealed in a Moisture Barrier Bag (MBB) with two

silica gel packs and then placed in a carton.

Figure 14-2 Product Packaging - Tray

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Modules shipped in Tape and Reel form:

Each reel is ‘dry’ packaged and vacuum sealed in a Moisture Barrier Bag (MBB) with two

silica gel packs and a humidity indicator card which is then placed in a carton.

Figure 14-3 Product Packaging - Tape and Reel

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

14.3. Moisture Sensitivity

Precautionary measures are required in handling, storing and using these devices to avoid

damage from moisture absorption. If localized heating is required to rework or repair the device,

precautionary methods are required to avoid exposure to solder reflow temperatures that can

result in performance degradation.

The receiver module has a moisture sensitivity level rating of 3 as defined by IPC/JEDEC J-

STD-020. This rating is assigned due to some of the components used within the module.

Please follow the MSD and ESD handling instructions on the labels of the MBB and exterior

carton.

The SE868-V3 is supplied in trays or tape and reel and is hermetically sealed with desiccant

and humidity indicator card. The SE868-V3 parts must be placed and reflowed within 168 hours

of first opening the hermetic seal provided the factory conditions are less than 30°C and less

than 60% R. H. and the humidity indicator card indicates less than 10% relative humidity.

If the package has been opened or the humidity indicator card indicates above 10%, then the

parts must be baked prior to reflow. The parts may be baked at +125°C ± 5°C for 48 hours.

Howev er, the tray or the tape and reel can NOT withsta nd that tempera ture. Lower temperature

baking is feasible if the humidity level is low and time is available. Please see IPC/JEDEC J-

STD-033 “Handling, Pack ing , Shipping and Use of Mois ture/Re flow Sensi tiv e Surfa ce Mou n t

Devices” for additional information.

Additional information can be found on the MSL tag affixed to the outside of the hermetically

sealed bag.

JEDEC standards are available free of charg e from the JEDEC website http://www.jedec.org.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Figure 14-4 Moisture Sensitive Device Label

14.4. ESD Sensitivity

The module contains class 1 devices and is classified as Electro-Static Discharge Sensitive

(ESDS).

Telit recommends two basic principles of protecting ESD devices from damage:

• Handle sensitive components only in an ESD Protected Area (EPA) under protected

and controlled conditions;

• Protect sensitive devices outside the EPA using ESD protective packaging.

All personnel handl ing ESDS devices have the responsibility to be aware of the ESD threat to

the reliabili ty of electron ic produc ts.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

Further information can be obtained from the JEDEC standard JESD625-A Requirements

for Handling Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive (ESD S) Devices w h ich can be downloaded

free of charge from: www.jedec.org.

14.5. Reflow

The modules are compatible with lead free soldering processes as defined in IPC/JEDEC J-

STD-020. The reflow profile m ust not exceed the profile g iven IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 Table

5-2, “Classification Reflow Profiles”. Although IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 allows for three

reflows, the assembly process for the module uses one of those profiles, therefore the module

is lim ited to tw o re fl ow s.

When re-flowing a dual-sided SMT board, it is important to reflow the side containing the

module last. This prevents heavier components within the module from becoming dislodged if

the solder reaches liquidus temperature while the module is inverted.

Note: JEDEC standa rds are availab le for free from the JEDEC web si te http://www.jedec.org .

Please note tha t the JEDEC docum ent includes important inform ation in addition to

the above figure.

14.6. Assembly Considerations

Since the module contains piezo-electric compo nents, it should be placed near the end of the

assembly process to minimize mechanical shock to it . During board sing ulation, p ay careful

attention to unwanted vibrations and resonances introduced into the board assembly by the

board router.

14.7. Washing Considerations

The m odule can be w ashed using stand ard PC B clean ing procedu res a fter ass em bly. The sh ield

does not provide a water seal to the internal components of the module, so it is important that

the module be thoroughly dried prior to use by blowing excess water and then baking the

module to drive residual moisture out. Depending upon the board cleaning equipment, the

drying cycle may not be sufficient to thoroughly dr y the module, so additional steps may need

to be taken. Ex ac t p rocess d eta ils wi ll ne ed to be de term ined by the ty pe of w ashi ng equipm ent

as well as other components on the board to which the module is attached. The module itself

can withstand standard JEDEC baking procedures.

14.8. Safety

Improper handling and use of this module can cause permanent damage to it. There is also the

possible risk of personal injury from mechanical trauma or choking hazard.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

14.9. Disposal

Telit recommends that this product s hould not be treated as ho usehold waste. For more detailed

information about recycling this product, please contact your local waste management authority

or the reseller from whom you purchased the product.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

15. Environmental Requirements

15.1. Operating Environmental Limits

Temperature

-40°C to +85°C

Temperature Rate of Change

±1°C / minute maximum

Humidity

Up to 95% non-condensing or

wet bulb temperature of +35°C,

whichever is les s

Altitude

-1500 m to 100,000 m

Maximum Vehicle Dynamics

600 m/s (acquisition and navigation)

2 G acceleration

ITAR Limits

515 m/s and altitude greater than 18,000 m

Table 15-1 SE868-V3 Operating Environmental Limits

15.2. Storage En vironmental Limi ts

Temperature

-40°C to +85°C

Humidity

Up to 95% non-condensing or

wet bulb temperature of +35°C,

whichever is les s

Altitude

-1500 m to 100,000 m

Shock

18G peak, 5 millisecond duration

Shock (in shipping container)

10 drops from 75 cm onto concrete floor

Table 15-2 SE868-V3 Storage Environmental Limits

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

16. Compliances

The SE868-V3 module complies with the following:

• Directive 2002/95/EC on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in

electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS)

• Manufactured in an ISO 9000: 2000 accredited facility

• Manufactured to TS 16949 requirement (upon request)

The SE868-V3 module conforms to the following European Union Directives:

• Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EEC and product safety test

• Directive EMC 2004/108/EC for conformity for EMC

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

16.1. CE Declaration of Conformity

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

16.2. RoHs Compliance

• The Telit SE868-V3 modules are fully compliant with Directive 2002/95/EC on the

restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic

equipment (RoHS)

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

17. Glossary and Acronyms

AGPS: Assisted (or Aided) GPS

AGPS provides ephemeri s data to the receiver to allow faster cold start times than would be

possible using only broadcast data.

This extended ephemeris data could be either server-generated or locally-generated.

See Local Ephemeris prediction data and Server-based Ephemeris prediction data

Almanac:

A reduced-precision set of orbital parameters for the entire GPS constellation that allows

calculation of approximate satellite positions and velocities. The almanac may be used by a

receiver to determine satellite visibility as an aid during acquisition of satellite signals. The

almanac is updated weekly by the Master Control Station. See Ephemeris.

BeiDou (BDS / formerly COMPASS):

The Chinese GNSS, currently being expanded towards full operational capability.

Cold Start:

A cold start occurs when a receiver begins operation with unknown position, time, and

ephemeris data, typically when it is powered up after a period on inactivity. Almanac

information may be used to identify previously visible satellites and their app roximate positions.

See Restart.

Cold Start Acquisition Sensitivity:

The low est signal l evel at w hich a GNSS rece iver is ab le to reli ably acqui re satelli te signa ls and

calcu late a nav ig at ion so lu tion from a Cold S tart . C old s tart acqu is ition sen sit ivity is l im ited by

the data decoding threshold of the satellite messages.

EGNOS: European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service

The European SBAS system.

Ephemeris (plural ephemerides):

A set of precise orbital parameters that is used by a GNSS receiv er to calculate sate llite position

and velocity. The satellite position is then used to calculate the navigation solution. Ephemeris

data is updated frequently (normally every 2 hours for GPS) to maintain the accuracy of the

position calculation. See Almanac.

ESD: Electro-Static Discharge

Large, m omentary, unwanted electrical currents that can cause damage to electronic equipment.

GAGAN:

The Indian SBAS system.

Galileo:

The European GNSS currently being built by the European Union (EU) and European Space

Agency (ESA).

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

GDOP: Geometric Dilution of Precision

A factor used to describe the effect of satellite g eometry on the accuracy of the time and position

so l ut ion of a GNSS receiver. A lower value of GDOP indicates a smaller error in the solution.

Related factors include PDOP, HDOP, VDOP and TDOP.

GLONASS: ГЛОбальная НАвигационная Спутниковая Система

GLObal'naya NAvigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema

(Global Navigation Satellite System)

The Russian GNSS, which is operated by the Russian Aerospace Defense Forces

GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite System

Generic term for a satellite-based navigation system with global coverage. The current or

planned systems are: GPS, GLONASS, BDS, and Galileo.

GPS: Global Positioning System

The U.S. GNSS, a satellite-based positioning system that provides accurate position, velocity,

and time data. GPS is operated by the US Department of Defense.

Hot Start:

A hot start occurs when a receiver begins operation with known time, position, and ephemeris

data, typically after being sent a restart command. See Restart.

LCC: Leadless Chip Carrier

A module design without pins. In place of the pins are pads of bare gold-plated copper that ar e

soldered to the printed circuit board.

LNA: Low Noise Amplifier

An electronic amplifier used for very weak signals which is especially designed to add very

little no is e to the a mplified sig nal.

Local Ephemeris prediction data:

Extended Ephemeris (i.e. predicted) data, calculated by the receiver from broadcast data

received from satell ites, w hich is sto red in m em ory. I t is usua lly useful for up to three day s. See

AGPS.

MSAS: MTSAT Sate ll it e A ug mentation Sy stem

The Japanese SBAS system.

MSD: Moisture sensitive device.

MTSAT: Mult ifu n ct ional Transpo r t Sa tel li te s

The Japanese system of geosynchronous satellites used for weather and aviation control.

Navigation Sensitivity: The lowest signal level at which a GNSS receiver is able to reliably

maintain navigation after the satellite signals have been acquired.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

NMEA: National Marine Electronics Association

QZSS: Quasi-Zenith Satellite System

The Japanese SBAS system (part of MSAS).

Reacquisition: A receiver, while in normal operation, loses RF signal (perhaps due to the

antenna cable being disconnected or a vehicle entering a tunnel), and re-establishes a valid fix

after the signal is resto red. Contrast with Reset and Restart.

Restart: A receiver beginning operation af te r be ing sen t a restart command, generally used for

testing r ath er th an n orm a l op eratio n. A re start ca n a lso resu lt f rom a powe r-up. See Cold Start,

Warm Start, and Hot Start. Contrast with Reset and Reacquisition.

Reset: A receiver beginning operation after a (ha rdwar e) r eset si gnal on a pi n, gener all y used

for testing rather than normal operation. Contrast with Restart and Reacquisition.

RoHS: The Restriction of Hazardous Substances

Directive on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic

equipment, was adopted in February 2003 by the European Union.

RTC: Real Time Clock

An electronic device (chip) that maintains time continuously while powered up.

SAW: Surface Acoustic Wave filter

Electromechanical device used in radio frequency applications. SAW filters are useful at

frequencies up to 3 GHz.

SBAS: Satellite Based Augmentation System

A system that uses a network of ground stations and geostationary satellites to provide

differential corrections to GNSS receivers. These corrections are transmitted on the same

frequency as navigation signals, so the receiver can use the same front-end design to process

them. Current examples are WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, and GAGAN.

Server-based Ephemeris prediction data:

Extended Ephemeris (i.e. predicted) data, calculated by a server and provided to the receiver

over a network. It is usually useful for up to 14 days. See AGPS.

TCXO: Temperature-Compensated Crystal Oscillator

Tracking Sensitivity:

The lowest signal level at which a GNSS receiver is able to maintain tracking of a satellite

signal after acqu is ition is complete.

TTFF: Time to First Fix

The elapsed time required by a receiver to achieve a valid position solution from a specified

starting condition. This value will vary with the operating state of the receiver, the length of

time since the last position fix, the location of the last fix, and the specific receiver design. A

standard reference level of -130 dBm is used fo r tes ting.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

UART: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

An integrated circuit (or part thereof) which provides a serial communication port for a

computer or peripheral device.

WAAS: Wide Area Augmentation System

The North American SBAS system developed by the US FAA (Federal Aviation

Administration).

Warm Start:

A warm start occurs when a receiver begins operation with k nown (at least approx imately) time

and position, but unknown ephemeris data, typically after being sent a restart command.. See

Restart.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

18. S afety Recommendatio ns

READ CAREFULLY

Be sure that the use of this product is allowed in the country and in the environment required.

The use of this product may be dangerous and must be avoided in the following areas:

• Where it can interfere with other electronic devices in environments such as hospitals,

airports, aircraft, etc.

• Where there is risk of explosion such as gasoline stations, oil refineries, etc. It is the

responsibility of the user to enforce the country regulation and specific environmental

regulations.

Do not disassemble the product. Evidence of tam p ering will invalidate the warranty.

Telit recommends following the instructions in product user guides for correct installation of

the product. The product must be supplied with a stabilized voltage source and all wiring must

conform to security and fire prevention regulations. The product must be handled with care,

avoiding any contact with the pins because electrostatic discharges may damage the product

itself.

The system integrator is responsible for the functioning of the final product; therefore, care

must be tak en with components external to the m odule, as wel l as for any project or installation

issue. Should there be any doubt, please refer to the technical documentation and the regulations

in force. Non-antenna modules must be equipped with a proper antenna with specific

characteristics.

The European Community provides some Directives for electronic equipment introduced on

the market. All the relevant information are available on the European Community website:

http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/rtte/documents/

The text of the Directive 99/05 regarding telecommunication equipment is available, while the

applicable Directives (Low Voltage and EMC) are available at:

http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/electrical/

The power supp ly used shal l comply the clau se 2.5 (Lim ited power sources) o f the standard EN

60950-1 and the module shall be mounted on a PCB which complies with V-0 flammability

class.

Since the module must be built-in to a system, it is intended only for installation in a

RESTRICTED ACCESS LOCATION. Therefore, the system integrator must provide an

enclosure which protects against fire, electrical shock, and mechanical shock in accordance

with relevan t standard s.

SE868-V3 Product User Guide

1VV0301205 r4 – 2016-01-20

Mod. 0805 2015-02 Rev.4

19. Document History

Revision

Date

Changes

2015-07-13

First issue

2015-07-15

Added Internal LNA information

Added Table 4-1

Internal gain value and external

gain range.

Revised Tab le 7-1 Defaul t NMEA Outpu t Me ssages.

Revised Table 7-2

Available NMEA Output

Messages.

2015-07-28

Changes description of GPI08

Changed module photo

Updated glossary

Minor text changes

2015-09-04

Clarified GLONASS glossary entry

Corrected LNA Noise Figure example

Text updates

Clarified BOOT pin should be left floating

Corrected SYSTEM_ON to ON_OFF in 9.4.4

Corrected active antenna reference design

Added package description in 2.1

Changed default for Velocity DR to disabled

Added NMEA and OSP command information

Added DoC

2016-01-20

Gen 2: Added Switching Mode Power Supply

Added FW variant section

Updated Message Waiting (DRI) information

Updated 2nd Serial Port information

Updated MEMS wakeup information

Updated BOOT pin information

Updated 1PPS description

Corrected SYSTEM-ON description

Minor text revisions