BRT21, BRT22, BRT23
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Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing
LINKS TO ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
DESCRIPTION
The BRT21, BRT22, BRT23 product family consists of an
optically coupled GaAs IRLED to a photosensitive thyristor
system with integrated noise suppression and zero crossing
circuit.
The thyristor system enables low trigger currents of 1.2 mA
and features a dV/dt ratio of greater than 10 kV/μs and load
voltages up to 800 V.
The BRT21, BRT22, BRT23 product family is a perfect
microcontroller friendly solution to isolate low voltage logic
from high voltage 120 VAC, 240 VAC, and 380 VAC lines and
to control resistive, inductive, or capacitive AC loads like
motors, solenoids, high power thyristors, or TRIACs and
solid-state relays.
FEATURES
• Low trigger current IFT = 1.2 mA
•I
TRMS = 300 mA
• High static dV/dt 10 000 V/μs
• Load voltage = 800 V
• Zero voltage crossing detector
• Material categorization:
for definitions of compliance please see
www.vishay.com/doc?99912
APPLICATIONS
• Industrial controls
• Office equipment
• Consumer appliances
AGENCY APPROVALS
•UL 1577
•cUL 1577
•DIN EN 60747-5-5 (VDE 0884-5) available with option 1
Note
(1) Also available in tube, do not put T on the end
1
2
3
6
5
4
MT2
MT1
NC
A
C
NC
*Zero crossing circuit
ZCC*
23128
Related
Documents
Models
ORDERING INFORMATION
BRT2#x-X0##T
PART NUMBER PACKAGE OPTION TAPE AND
REEL
AGENCY CERTIFIED / PACKAGE VDRM (V)
≤ 400 ≤ 600 ≤ 800
UL IFT = 2 mA IFT = 1.2 mA IFT = 2 mA IFT = 1.2 mA IFT = 2 mA
DIP-6 BRT21H BRT22F BRT22H BRT23F BRT23H
DIP-6, 400 mil, option 6 - - - BRT23F-X006 -
SMD-6, option 7 - BRT22F-X007T BRT22H-X007T (1) BRT23F-X007T BRT23H-X007T (1)
SMD-6, option 9 - BRT22F-X009T - BRT23F-X009T -
UL, VDE IFT = 2 mA IFT = 1.2 mA IFT = 2 mA IFT = 1.2 mA IFT = 2 mA
DIP-6 - BRT22F-X001 - - BRT23H-X001
DIP-6, option 6 - - BRT22H-X016 - BRT22H-X016
SMD-6, option 7 - - BRT22H-X017T - -
SMD-6, option 8 - - - - BRT23H-X018T
> 0.1 mm
10.16 mm
> 0.7 mm
7.62 mm
DIP-6
Option 7
Option 6
Option 9
9.27 mm
Option 8
BRT21, BRT22, BRT23
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Rev. 2.0, 18-Nov-2020 2Document Number: 83690
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Note
• Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. Functional operation of the device is not
implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational sections of this document. Exposure to absolute
maximum ratings for extended periods of the time can adversely affect reliability
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITION PART SYMBOL VALUE UNIT
INPUT
Reverse voltage IR = 10 μA VR6V
Forward current IF60 mA
Surge current IFSM 2.5 A
Power dissipation Pdiss 100 mW
Derate from 25 °C 1.33 mW/°C
OUTPUT
Peak off-state voltage
BRT21 VDRM 400 V
BRT22 VDRM 600 V
BRT23 VDRM 800 V
On state RMS current ITRM 300 mA
Single cycle surge current 3A
Power dissipation Pdiss 600 mW
Derate from 25 °C 6.6 mW/°C
COUPLER
Storage temperature range Tstg -40 to +150 °C
Ambient temperature range Tamb -40 to +100 °C
Soldering temperature Max. ≤ 10 s dip soldering
≥ 0.5 mm from case bottom Tsld 260 °C
BRT21, BRT22, BRT23
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Note
• Minimum and maximum values are testing requirements. Typical values are characteristics of the device and are the result of engineering
evaluation. Typical values are for information only and are not part of the testing requirements
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITION PART SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
INPUT
Forward voltage IF = 10 mA VF- 1.16 1.35 V
Reverse current VR = 6 V IR- 0.1 10 μA
Capacitance f = 1 MHz, VF = 0 V CO-25-pF
Thermal resistance, junction to ambient RthJA -750-K/W
OUTPUT
Peak off-state voltage ID(RMS) = 100 μA
BRT21
VDM
-400-
VBRT22 - 600 -
BRT23 - 800 -
Off-state current VD = VDRM, Tamb = 100 °C, IF = 0 mA ID(RMS) - 10 100 μA
On-state voltage IT = 300 mA VTM -1.73 V
On-state current PF = 1, VT(RMS) = 1.7 V ITM - - 300 mA
Surge (non-repetitive), on-state current f = 50 Hz ITSM --3A
Trigger current temp. gradient
ΔIFT1/ΔTj- 7 14 μA/K
ΔIFT2/ΔTj- 7 14 μA/K
Inhibit voltage temp. gradient ΔVDINH/ΔTj--20-mV/K
Off-state current in inhibit state IF = IFT1, VDRM IDINH - 50 200 μA
Holding current IH- 65 500 μA
Latching current VT = 2.2 V IL-5-mA
Zero cross inhibit voltage IF = rated IFT VIH -1525V
OUTPUT (continued)
Turn-on time VRM = VDM = VD(RMS) ton -35-μs
Turn-off time PF = 1, IT = 300 mA toff -50-μs
Critical rate of rise of off-state voltage VD = 0.67 VDRM, Tj = 25 °C dV/dtcr 10 000 - - V/μs
VD = 0.67 VDRM, Tj = 80 °C dV/dtcr 5000 - - V/μs
Critical rate of rise of voltage at
current commutation
VD = 230 VRMS,
ID = 300 mARMS, Tj = 25 °C dV/dtcrq -8-V/μs
VD = 230 VRMS,
ID = 300 mARMS, Tj = 85 °C dV/dtcrq -7-V/μs
Critical rate of rise of on-state at
current commutation
VD = 230 VRMS,
ID = 300 mARMS, Tj = 25 °C dI/dtcrq -12-A/ms
Thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient RthJA -125-K/W
COUPLER
Critical rate of rise of coupled
input / output voltage IT = 0 A, VRM = VDM = VD(RMS) dVIO/dt - 10 000 - V/μs
Common mode coupling capacitance CCM -0.01- pF
Capacitance (input to output) f = 1 MHz, VIO = 0 V CIO -0.8-pF
Trigger current VD = 5 V, F - versions IFT --1.2mA
VD = 5 V, H - versions IFT --2mA
BRT21, BRT22, BRT23
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Rev. 2.0, 18-Nov-2020 4Document Number: 83690
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Note
• As per IEC 60747-5-5, § 7.4.3.8.2, this optocoupler is suitable for “safe electrical insulation” only within the safety ratings. Compliance with
the safety ratings shall be ensured by means of protective circuits
POWER FACTOR CONSIDERATIONS
A snubber is not needed to eliminate false operation of the
TRIAC driver because of the high static and commutating
dV/dt with loads between 1.0 and 0.8 power factors. When
inductive loads with power factors less than 0.8 are being
driven, include a RC snubber or a single capacitor directly
across the device to damp the peak commutating dV/dt
spike. Normally a commutating dV/dt causes a turning-off
device to stay on due to the stored energy remaining in the
turning-off device.
But in the case of a zero voltage crossing optotriac, the
commutating dV/dt spikes can inhibit one half of the TRIAC
from turning on. If the spike potential exceeds the inhibit
voltage of the zero cross detection circuit, half of the TRIAC
will be heldoff and not turn-on. This hold-off condition can
be eliminated by using a snubber or capacitor placed
directly across the optotriac as shown in figure 1. Note that
the value of the capacitor increases as a function of the load
current.
The hold-off condition also can be eliminated by providing a
higher level of LED drive current. The higher LED drive
provides a larger photocurrent which causes the
phototransistor to turn-on before the commutating spike
has activated the zero cross network. Figure 2 shows the
relationship of the LED drive for power factors of less than
1.0. The curve shows that if a device requires 1.5 mA for a
resistive load, then 1.8 times 2.7 mA) that amount would be
required to control an inductive load whose power factor is
less than 0.3.
Fig. 1 - Shunt Capacitance vs. Load Current
SAFETY AND INSULATION RATINGS
PARAMETER TEST CONDITION SYMBOL VALUE UNIT
Climatic classification According to IEC 68 part 1 40 / 100 / 21
Pollution degree According to DIN VDE 0109 2
Comparative tracking index Insulation group IIIa CTI 175
Maximum rated withstanding isolation voltage According to UL1577, t = 1 min VISO 4420 VRMS
Tested withstanding isolation voltage According to UL1577, t = 1 s VISO 5300 VRMS
Maximum transient isolation voltage According to DIN EN 60747-5-5 VIOTM 6000 Vpeak
Maximum repetitive peak isolation voltage According to DIN EN 60747-5-5 VIORM 630 Vpeak
Isolation resistance VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 25 °C RIO ≥ 1012 Ω
VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 100 °C RIO ≥ 1011 Ω
Output safety power PSO 200 mW
Input safety current ISI 400 mA
Input safety temperature TS175 °C
Creepage distance DIP-6; SMD-6, option 7;
SMD-6 option 9
≥ 7mm
Clearance distance ≥ 7mm
Creepage distance DIP-6, option 6; SMD-6, option 8
≥ 8mm
Clearance distance ≥ 8mm
Insulation thickness DTI ≥ 0.4 mm
iil410_01
400350300250200150100500
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
IL - Load Current (mARMS)
C
s
- Shunt Capacitance (µF)
Cs (µF) = 0.0032 (µF) x 100.0066 IL (mA)
Tamb = 25 °C, PF = 0.3,
IF = 2.0 mA
BRT21, BRT22, BRT23
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Rev. 2.0, 18-Nov-2020 5Document Number: 83690
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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Fig. 2 - Normalized LED Trigger Current vs. Power Factor
Fig. 3 - Forward Voltage vs. Forward Current
Fig. 4 - Peak LED Current vs. Duty Factor, τ
Fig. 5 - Maximum LED Power Dissipation
Fig. 6 - Typical Output Characteristics
Fig. 7 - Current Reduction
iil410_02
1.21.00.80.60.40.20.0
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
PF - Power Factor
NIFth - Normalized LED
Trigger Current
IFth normalized to IFth at PF = 1.0,
Tamb = 25 °C
iil410_03
1001010.1
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
I
F
- Forward Current (mA)
V
F
- Forward Voltage (V)
T
amb
= -55 °C
T
amb
= 25 °C
T
amb
= 85 °C
iil410_04
10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100101
10
100
1000
10 000
t - LED Pulse Duration (s)
If(pk) - Peak LED Current (mA)
Duty Factor
t
τ
DF =/
t
τ
0.005
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.1
0.2
0.5
iil410_05
100806040200-20-40-60
0
50
100
150
Tamb - Ambient Temperature (°C)
LED - LED Power (mW)
103
102
101
5
5
5
100
012 43
iil410_06
IT = f(VT),
Parameter: Tj
Tj = 25 °C
100 °C
ITM - On-State Current (mA)
VTM - On-State Voltage (V)
400
300
200
100
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
iil410_07
I
TRMS
(mA)
I
TRMS
= f(VT),
R
thJA
= 150 K/W
Device switch
soldered in PCB
or base plate
T
amb
- Ambient Temperature (°C)
BRT21, BRT22, BRT23
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Rev. 2.0, 18-Nov-2020 6Document Number: 83690
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Fig. 8 - Current Reduction
Fig. 9 - Typical Trigger Delay Time
Fig. 10 - Typical Inhibit Current
Fig. 11 - Power Dissipation 40 Hz to 60 Hz Line Operation
Fig. 12 - Typical Static Inhibit Voltage Limit
Fig. 13 - Apply a Capacitor to the Supply Pins at the Load-Side
400
300
200
100
0
50 60 70 80 90 100
iil410_08
ITRMS (mA)
TPIN5 (°C)
ITRMS = f(TPIN5), RthJ-PIN5 = 16.5 K/W
Thermocouple measurement must
be performed potentially separated
to A1 and A2. Measuring junction
as near as possible at the case.
iil410_09
tgd = f (IF/IFT 25 °C), VD = 200 V
f = 40 to 60 Hz, Parameter: Tj
103
102
101
5
fgd (µs)
10051015102
IF/IFT25 °C
Tj = 25 °C
Tj = 100 °C
iil410_10
IDINH = f(IF/IFT 25 °C),
VD= 600 V, Parameter: Tj
103
102
100
5
IDINH (µA)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
IF/IFT25 °C
101
5
Tj = 25 °C
100 °C
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 100 200 300
iil410_11
P
tot
(W)
I
TRMS
(mA)
40 Hz to 60 Hz
Line operation,
Ptot = f (ITRMS)
iil410_13
0.1 µF 220 V~
1
2
3
6
5
4
BRT21, BRT22, BRT23
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Rev. 2.0, 18-Nov-2020 7Document Number: 83690
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Fig. 14 - Connect a Series Resistor to the Output and Bridge
Both by a Capacitor Fig. 15 - Connect a Choke of Low Winding Cap. in Series,
e.g., a Ringcore Choke, with Higher Load Currents
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
See Application Note for additional information.
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS in millimeters
PACKAGE MARKING (example)
Fig. 16 - Example of BRT22H-X017
Notes
• “YWW” is the date code marking (Y = year code, WW = week code)
• VDE logo is only marked on option 1 parts
• Tape and reel suffix (T) is not part of the package marking
iil410_14
22 nF 220 V~
2
1
3
5
6
4
33 Ω
iil410_15
22 nF 220 V~
1
2
3
5
4
6
500 µH
20802-40
Option 6 Option 7 Option 8 Option 9
10.16 typ.
7.62 typ.
8 min.
7.62 typ.
4.3 ± 0.3
0.6 min.
10.3 max.
0.7 min.
7.62 typ.
12.1 max.
9.27 min.
10.3 max.
7.62 typ.
8 min.0.6 min.
0.1 ± 0.1 3.6 ± 0.3
3.5 ± 0.3
2.55 ± 0.25
0.1 min.
0.25 ± 0.1
3.5 ± 0.3
0.765 ± 0.255
7.62 ref.
9.78 ± 0.25
0.30 typ.
0.1755 ± 0.0735
15° max.
6.4 ± 0.1
8.6 ± 0.1
pin one ID
6
5
4
12
3
ISO method A
3.555 ± 0.255
0.84 typ.
2.54 typ.
1 min.
0.485 ± 0.025
1.27 ± 0.05
4° typ.
17222
0.84 typ.
BRT22H
V YWW 68
BRT21, BRT22, BRT23
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Rev. 2.0, 18-Nov-2020 8Document Number: 83690
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SOLDER PROFILES
Fig. 17 - Wave Soldering Double Wave Profile
According to J-STD-020 for DIP Devices
Fig. 18 - Lead (Pb)-free Reflow Solder Profile
According to J-STD-020 for SMD Devices
HANDLING AND STORAGE CONDITIONS
ESD level: HBM class 2
Floor life: unlimited
Conditions: Tamb < 30 °C, RH < 85 %
Moisture sensitivity level 1, according to J-STD-020
948626
10
100
1000
10000
0
100
200
300
050 100 150 200 250
Axis Title
1st line
2nd line
2nd line
Temperature (°C)
Time (s)
50
150
250
2 K/s
Second
wave
First wave
5 s
Full line: typical
Dotted lines:
process limits
Lead temperature
235 °C to
260 °C
100 °C to
130 °C
ca. 200 K/s
Forced cooling
ca. 5 K/s
ca. 2 K/s
240 °C
Max. 260 °C
217 °C
255 °C
19841
10
100
1000
10000
0
100
200
300
0 50 100 150 200 300
Axis Title
1st line
2nd line
2nd line
Temperature (°C)
Time (s)
50
150
250
250
245 °C
Max. 100 s
Max. 30 s
Max. 120 s
Max. ramp down 6 °C/s
Max. ramp up 3 °C/s
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