W3013BCL-TR - Agere Systems, Inc.

W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator

with Gain Control

Preliminary Data Sheet

November 1998

Features

n Low-voltage operation: 2.7 V

n High-frequency operation: 2.2 GHz

n High RF output power: –10 dBm

n High-accuracy phase shifter, no trim required

n Low carrier feedthrough: –45 dBc

n Automatic power control (APC) capability

n Low-current sleep mode

n 20-pin TSSOP package

Applications

n North American IS-136

n Japan PDC (RCR STD 27)

n Japan PHS (RCR STD 28)

n GSM 900, 1800, and 1900 MHz

n Narrowband CDMA

n Digital satellite communications

Description

The W3013 is a monolithic integrated circuit that

provides indirect, quadrature modulation of an RF

carrier by I & Q baseband inputs. The function

performed by the W3013 is particularly suited for

handheld digital cellular and digital cordless

telephones that operate between 800 MHz and

2.2 GHz.

The circuit block diagram is shown below. From a

single local-oscillator input (LO1), the phase

shifter produces two LO signals with 90° phase

separation and equal amplitude. The LO signals

are fed to the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q)

double-balanced mixers. The resulting signals are

summed and fed into an RF mixer where the

frequency can be translated to over 2 GHz.

Outputs between the summer and RF mixer are

available for external filtering. Finally, the signal is

amplified to provide a single-ended output.

The ENB/APC input with a logic low allows the

device to be put into a powerdown mode. Above

the logic low threshold, the device enters a power

control mode that provides a range of desired

output power levels.

LO1

LO1REF

∑

LO2 LO2REF

RFOUT

POWER

CONTROL

EXTERNAL

FILTER

RFOUT

–π/4

+π/4INTERNAL

LOW-PASS

FILTER

ENAB/APC

Figure 1. Circuit Block Diagram

W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator Preliminary Data Sheet

with Gain Control November 1998

2Lucent Technologies Inc.

Pin Information

TOP

VIEW

VCC

FILTA

FILTB

LO1REF

LO1

GND

RFOUT

GND

ENB/APC

GND

LO2REF

LO2

GND

12-2680

Figure 2. Pin Diagram

Table 1. Pin Descriptions

Pin Symbol Name/Description

1VCC Positive Supply Voltage. For low-power/small-signal subcircuits.

2, 3 FILTA, FILTB Filter. Nodes A & B for parallel resonant LC.

4IDifferential Baseband Input.

5IDifferential Baseband Input (Inverting).

6QDifferential Baseband Input.

7QDifferential Baseband Input (Inverting).

8, 9 LO1REF, LO1 First Local Oscillator Input. Either pin may be directly grounded.

10, 11, 14,

15, 17, 18 GND Power Supply Ground.

12, 13 LO2, LO2REF Second Local Oscillator Input. Either pin may be directly grounded.

16 ENB/APC Enable/Automatic Power Control.

19 RFOUT RF Output.

20 VCC Positive Supply Voltage. For RF output stage.

Preliminary Data Sheet W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator

November 1998 with Gain Control

Lucent Technologies Inc. 3

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are

absolute stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in

excess of those given in the operations sections of the data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for

extended periods can adversely affect device reliability.

Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit

Ambient Operating Temperature TA–40 100 °C

Storage Temperature Tstg –65 150 °C

Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 s) TL—300 °C

Positive Supply Voltage VCC —5Vdc

Power Dissipation PD—750 mW

Output Current (continuous) IOUT —160 mA

ac Input Voltage —GND VCC Vp-p

Enable Input Voltage VENB GND VCC Vdc

Handling Precautions

Although protection circuitry has been designed into this device, proper precautions should be taken to avoid

exposure to electrostatic discharge (ESD) during handling and mounting. Lucent Technologies Microelectronics

Group employs a human-body model (HBM) and a charged-device model (CDM) for ESD-susceptibility testing

and protection design evaluation. ESD voltage thresholds are dependent on the circuit parameters used to define

the model. No industry-wide standard has been adopted for CDM. However, a standard HBM (resistance =

1500 Ω, capacitance = 100 pF) is widely used and, therefore, can be used for comparison purposes. The HBM

ESD threshold presented here was obtained by using these circuit parameters:

ESD Threshold Voltage

Device Rating Model

W3013 ≥1000 V HBM

W3013 ≥1000 V CDM

W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator Preliminary Data Sheet

with Gain Control November 1998

4Lucent Technologies Inc.

Operating Ranges

This table lists the ranges of external conditions in which the W3013 provides general functionality that may be

useful in specific applications without risk of permanent damage. However, performance is not guaranteed over

the full range of all possible conditions. The conditions for guaranteed performance are described in the

Electrical Characteristics table.

Parameter Min Typ Max Unit

VCC 2.7 —3.6 V

fLO1 100 178 350 MHz

VLO1 100 250 600 mVp-p

fLO2 100 1620 2200 MHz

VLO2 100 250 600 mVp-p

fRF <800 —>2200 MHz

I & Q Input Range of dc Bias for 1 Vp-p Differential Input VCC/2 – 0.1 VCC/2 VCC/2 + 0.1 Vdc

I & Q Input Range of dc Bias for 1 Vp-p Single-ended

Input VCC/2 – 0.1 VCC/2 VCC/2 + 0.1 Vdc

I (Q) to I(Q) Differential Input Swing* —1.0 1.1 Vp-p

Ambient Operating Temperature –35 25 85 °C

* Distortion-dependent, e.g., 1.3 Vp-p π/4 DQPSK peak voltage meets PDC or IS-136 distortion specification under random data modulation.

Electrical Characteristics

Table 2. Electrical Characteristics

Conditions (unless otherwise specified): TA = 25 °C ± 3 °C, VCC = 2.7 Vdc, RL = 50 Ω, fLO1 = 178 MHz,

fLO2 = 1620 MHz, PLO1 = PLO2 = –10 dBm, VBIAS(I) = VBIAS(I) = VBIAS(Q) = VBIAS(Q) = VCC/2;

I – I= 0.5 Ÿ cos(2πt Ÿ 80 kHz – π/2) V, Q – Q = 0.5 Ÿ cos(2πt Ÿ 80 kHz) V, fRFOUT = 1442.08 MHz,

VAPC = 2.7 Vdc.

Parameter Min Typ Max Unit

VCC Supply Current:

Active Mode —37 —mA

Sleep Mode @ VCC = 3.3 V, ENB/APC ≤ 0.1 Vdc —<1 50 µA

I & Q:

I & Q Signal Path: 3 dB Bandwidth (differential input) —21 —MHz

I & Q Input Bias Current —500 1500 nA

I & Q Input Impedance —1—MΩ

LO1:

LO1 Suppression (relative to output power) —45 —dBc

LC Filter Pins: Differential Impedance —600 || 1.2 —Ω || pF

LO2:

LO2 Suppression (relative to output power) —35 —dBc

Modulation Accuracy:

Carrier Suppression (relative to wanted sideband) 35 50 —dBc

Lower Sideband Suppression 35 45 —dBc

Transmitted I and Q Amplitude Error —±0.1 —dB

Transmitted I and Q Phase Error —±1 —degrees

Error Vector Magnitude (See page 6.) —1.3 5%

Preliminary Data Sheet W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator

November 1998 with Gain Control

Lucent Technologies Inc. 5

Electrical Characteristics (continued)

Table 2. Electrical Characteristics (continued)

Conditions (unless otherwise specified): TA = 25 °C ± 3 °C, VCC = 2.7 Vdc, RL = 50 Ω, fLO1 = 178 MHz, fLO2 =

1620 MHz, PLO1 = PLO2 = –10 dBm, VBIAS(I) = VBIAS(I) = VBIAS(Q) = VBIAS(Q) = VCC/2,

I – I = 0.5 Ÿ cos(2πt Ÿ 80 kHz – π/2) V, Q – Q = 0.5 Ÿ cos(2πt • 80 kHz) V, fRFOUT = 1442.08 MHz,

VAPC = 2.7 Vdc.

Parameter Min Typ Max Unit

RF Output:

Output Power (narrowband match):

1442 MHz –13 –8 –3 dBm

800 MHz (LO2 = 978 MHz) —–8 —dBm

1910 MHz (LO2 = 1732 MHz) —–10 —dBm

Output Power Total Range of APC Control —55 —dB

Usable APC Range:*

PDC (IQ offset < –23 dBc, 100 kHz adjacent channel

power < –60 dBc) 35 45 —dBc

IS-136 (IQ offset < –23 dBc, 60 kHz adjacent channel

power < –45 dBc) 45 54 —dBc

Adjacent Channel Suppression at Maximum Output

(1.3 Vp-p random data digital modulation):

0.35-DQPSK Modulation per IS-136:

±30 kHz —–39 –35 dBc

±60 kHz —–64 –57 dBc

±90 kHz —–67 –57 dBc

0.5-DQPSK Modulation per Japan PDC at Maximum

Output:

±50 kHz —–60 –54 dBc

±100 kHz —–73 –65 dBc

0.5-DQPSK Modulation per Japan PHS at Maximum

Output:

±600 kHz —–62 –50 dBc

±900 kHz —–63 –50 dBc

Enable/APC:

VIHMIN (higher voltage turns device on) —0.81 1.0 V

VILMAX (lower voltage turns device off) 0.6 — — V

IILMAX (VENABLE/APC = 0.4 V) — — <1 µA

IIHMAX (VENABLE/APC = 2.7 V) — — 40 µA

Powerup/Powerdown Time — — 4µs

APC Voltage for Minimum Output Power —1.0 —Vdc

APC Voltage for Maximum Output Power 2.5 — — Vdc

APC Bandwidth 5— — MHz

* Usable APC range is defined to be the satisfaction of respective transmitter system requirements in the adjacent and alternate channels,

as well as IQ offset and EVM requirements in each standard.

W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator Preliminary Data Sheet

with Gain Control November 1998

6Lucent Technologies Inc.

Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) Testing

Error vector magnitude (EVM) is estimated by feeding signals to the W3013 as described at the top of the

Electrical Characteristics table. A narrowband, sine-wave modulation output spectrum is shown in Figure 3.

–77 dBm

–84 dBm

–71 dBm

–63 dBm

USB

–10 dBm

CARRIER

–50 dBm

LSB

–53 dBm

–72 dBm

–61 dBm

–81 dBm

–82 dBm

–20

–30

–40

–50

–60

–70

–80

fBB = 80 kHz

fLO1= 178 MHz

fLO2 = 1620 MHz

RFOUT= 1442.08 MHz

RELATIVE MAGNITUDE (dBm)

1441.60 1441.68 1441.76 1441.84 1441.92 1442.08 1442.16 1442.24 1442.32 1442.401442

–10

–90

FREQUENCY (MHz)

Figure 3. W3013 Sine-Wave Modulation Output Spectrum

Data from this spectrum are used to estimate EVM by the formula:

EVM (%) = 100 •[10P(L5)/20 + 10P(L4)/20 + 10P(L3)/20 + 10P(L2)/20 +

10P(LSB)/20 + 10P(U2)/20 + 10P(U3)/20 + 10P(U4)/20 + 10P(U5)/20 ]/10P(USB)/20

The data presented in the spectrum above would yield:

EVM (%) =100 Ÿ[79e–6 + 89e–6 + 891e–6 + 251e–6 + 2239e–6 + 708e–6 + 282e–6 + 63e–6 +

141e–6]/0.316e

= 1.5%

This approximates worst-case digital modulation results because the sine-wave modulation estimate assumes all

spurious outputs are in phase and adds their magnitudes as scalars. In addition, this estimate includes full-

amplitude measurements of spurious peaks that would appear in adjacent and alternate channels, where a

receiver would otherwise provide attenuation. The L3 third-order intermodulation peak and LSB (lower sideband)

are normally the unwanted output frequencies that dominate the EVM estimate.

Preliminary Data Sheet W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator

November 1998 with Gain Control

Lucent Technologies Inc. 7

Application Circuits

A typical application circuit for the W3013 is shown in Figure 4. The LC filter components, LF and CF, are chosen

to have a parallel resonance at the same frequency as LO1, according to the formula

)12e2.1C(L2 1

fFF

O−+

where fO is the center of the filter passband in Hz, LF is the filter inductor in Henries, and CF is the filter capacitor

in farads. Use of an inductor of 100 nH or larger in the filter will minimize the variation of output power due to

tolerance variation of the filter components.

If the transmitter frequency plan requires the use of more than one LO1 frequency, the W3013 RF output power

may be approximately equalized by designing the LC filter center frequency at

f f LO fLOO=(max) (min)1 1 ,

i.e., the geometric mean of the maximum and minimum LO1 frequencies.

Board and device parasitic capacitance and inductance must be accounted for in calculating LF and CF.

The matching network will vary depending on the application, but must include a series capacitor to block dc

connections to the W3013 output pin if the load is conductive. For optimum performance, the bypass capacitor,

C1, should have a series self-resonant frequency that is close to the output frequency and should be mounted

near pin 20. It is expected that the positive supply (VCC) will appear as a low impedance to ground at low

frequencies, using a voltage regulator and/or a large capacitor such as a 10 µF tantalum electrolytic.

10 LO2

50 Ω

(OPT)

50 Ω

(OPT)

LO1

SIGNALS

FROM CODEC ENB/APC

MATCHING

NETWORK

+2.7 V

CFOUTPUT

Figure 4. Typical Application Circuit

W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator Preliminary Data Sheet

with Gain Control November 1998

8 Lucent Technologies Inc.

ENB/APC Function

The ENB/APC lead is used to turn the device on and to control the output power. If the voltage on this lead is

below VILMAX, the device is in a low-current mode. Between VIHMIN and about VCC, the device draws full supply

current and is in a power-control mode. In this region, the output power will vary with the voltage on the

ENB/APC lead as shown in Figure 5.

APC VOLTAGE

OUTPUT POWER

0.7 1.2 1.7 2.2 2.7

–70

–60

–50

–40

–30

–20

–10

1910 MHz

1450 MHz

850 MHz

Figure 5. Relative RF Output Power vs. APC Voltage

Characteristic Curves

Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are identical to those listed for Table 2.

LO1 FREQUENCY (MHz)

SUPPRESSION (dB)

–50

–45

–40

–35

–30

–25

–20

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

110 mVp-p

200 mVp-p

400 mVp-p

VCC = 3.0 V

LC FILTER = 178 MHz

Figure 6. Unwanted Sideband Suppression vs.

LO1 Frequency and LO1 Input Level

LO1 FREQUENCY (MHz)

SUPPRESSION (dB)

–70

–60

–50

–40

–30

–20

–10

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Figure 7. Carrier Suppression vs. LO1 Frequency

Preliminary Data Sheet W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator

November 1998 with Gain Control

Lucent Technologies Inc. 9

Characteristic Curves (continued)

Vcc = 3.0

I/Q = π/4 DQPSK

α = 0.35

1.3 Vp-p (RANDOM DATA)

–55 –50 –45 –40 –35 –30 –25 –20 –15 –10

OUTPUT POWER/24.3 kHz (dBm)

SUPPRESSION (dBc/24.3 kHz)

–70

–65

–60

–55

–50

–45

–40

–35

–30

–25

–20

30 kHz ACP

60 kHz ACP

90 kHz ACP

Figure 8. Adjacent Channel Suppression for

IS-136 vs. 1900 MHz Output Power

Vcc = 2.7

I/Q = π/4 DQPSK

α = 0.35

1.3 Vp-p (RANDOM DATA)

OUTPUT POWER/21 kHz (dBm)

SUPPRESSION (dBc/21 kHz)

ACP 50 kHz

ACP 100 kHz

–80

–75

–70

–65

–60

–55

–50

–45

–40

–55 –50 –45 –40 –35 –30 –25 –20 –15 –10 –5

Figure 9. Adjacent Channel Suppression for

PDC vs. 940 MHz Output Power

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000

I/Q FREQUENCY (MHz)

2.8 mVp-p

500 mVp-p

1 Vp-p

NORMALIZED GAIN (dB)

–33

–30

–27

–24

–21

–18

–15

–12

–9

–6

–3

Figure 10. IQ Bandwidth vs. ac Input Voltage

W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator Preliminary Data Sheet

with Gain Control November 1998

10 Lucent Technologies Inc.

RF Output Impedance

The output impedance of the RF output pin is shown in Figure 11 and Table 3.

Figure 11. RFOUT Impedance at Pin 19 Contact with Board (800 MHz to 2000 MHz)

Table 3. RFOUT Representative Impedances

Frequency, MHz R + jX, ΩΩ Frequency, MHz R + jX, ΩΩ

800 15.26 + j16.09 1440 19.04 + j29.57

840 15.48 + j16.98 1480 19.45 + j30.36

880 15.71 + j17.82 1520 19.91 + j31.11

920 16.21 + j18.77 1560 20.31 + j31.63

960 16.20 + j19.32 1600 20.75 + j32.14

1000 16.30 + j20.17 1640 20.72 + j32.78

1040 16.55 + j20.96 1680 20.67 + j33.74

1080 16.66 + j21.77 1720 20.88 + j34.94

1120 16.84 + j22.61 1760 21.18 + j36.44

1160 16.92 + j23.51 1800 21.86 + j37.98

1200 17.08 + j24.34 1840 22.44 + j39.51

1240 17.27 + j25.23 1880 23.53 + j40.99

1280 17.48 + j26.17 1920 24.09 + j42.80

1320 17.75 + j27.08 1960 24.98 + j44.50

1360 18.12 + j27.98 2000 26.01 + j46.62

1400 18.53 + j28.90

Preliminary Data Sheet W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator

November 1998 with Gain Control

Lucent Technologies Inc. 11

Package Outline

20-Pin TSSOP

Dimensions are in millimeters.

4.3/4.5

SEE DETAIL A

0.090/0.20

0.90 ± 0.05

-E-

11 20

10 1

1.00

0.254 E

M M

6.25/6.5

BASE METAL

WITH PLATING

DETAIL C

0.22

± 0.03

0.19/0.30

0.90/0.135

0.090/0.20

SEATING

PLANE

DETAIL B

10.076 C

0.65 BSC1.10

MAX

0.15

MAX

6.50 ± 0.10

0.25 BSC

DETAIL A

0.60 ± 0.10

DETAIL C

DETAIL B

5-5499.r2

W3013 Indirect Quadrature Modulator Preliminary Data Sheet

with Gain Control November 1998

For additional information, contact your Microelectronics Group Account Manager or the following:

INTERNET: http://www.lucent.com/micro

E-MAIL: docmaster@micro.lucent.com

N. AMERICA Microelectronics Group, Lucent Technologies Inc., 555 Union Boulevard, Room 30L-15P-BA, Allentown, PA 18103

1-800-372-2447, FAX 610-712-4106 (In CANADA: 1-800-553-2448, FAX 610-712-4106)

ASIA PACIFIC: Microelectronics Group, Lucent Technologies Singapore Pte. Ltd., 77 Science Park Drive, #03-18 Cintech III, Singapore 118256

Tel. (65) 778 8833, FAX (65) 777 7495

CHINA: Microelectronics Group, Lucent Technologies (China) Co., Ltd., A-F2, 23/F, Zao Fong Universe Building, 1800 Zhong Shan Xi Road,

Shanghai 200233 P.R. China Tel. (86) 21 6440 0468, ext. 316, FAX (86) 21 6440 0652

JAPAN: Microelectronics Group, Lucent Technologies Japan Ltd., 7-18, Higashi-Gotanda 2-chome, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan

Tel. (81) 3 5421 1600, FAX (81) 3 5421 1700

EUROPE: Data Requests: MICROELECTRONICS GROUP DATALINE: Tel. (44) 1189 324 299, FAX (44) 1189 328 148

Technical Inquiries: GERMANY: (49) 89 95086 0 (Munich), UNITED KINGDOM: (44) 1344 865 900 (Ascot),

FRANCE: (33) 1 40 83 68 00 (Paris), SWEDEN: (46) 8 594 607 00 (Stockholm), FINLAND: (358) 9 4354 2800 (Helsinki),

ITALY: (39) 02 6608131 (Milan), SPAIN: (34) 1 807 1441 (Madrid)

Lucent Technologies Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the product(s) or information contained herein without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of their use or application.

No rights under any patent accompany the sale of any such product(s) or information.

November 1998

DS98-236WRF (Replaces DS98-057WRF)

Manufacturing Information

This device will be assembled in one of the following locations: assembly codes P, M, or T.

Ordering Information

Device Code Description Package Comcode

W3013BCL Indirect RF Modulator 20-pin TSSOP 107 956 492

W3013BCL-TR * —20-pin TSSOP, tape and reel 107 956 518

EVB3013A Evaluation Board —108 051 574

*Contact your Microelectronics Group Account Manager for minimum order requirements.