EMI SUPPRESSION SHEETS, ABSORBERS & ANECHOIC BOXES EC-ECE001-0208 Products and applicable frequency ranges EMI control products/frequency ranges Frequency 1MHz 10MHz 100MHz CISPR (noise reg.) 1GHz Onboard 100GHz VCCI, FCC, EN Cellular phones VHF, TV Applications 10GHz 5.8GHz ITS radars ETC 10Gbps optical modules UHF, TV 2.4GHz 5.2GHz Wireless LAN Game equipment 40Gbps optical modules 25GHz microwave com. Bluetooth Pentium 4 CPU Digital cameras PE Series EMI control products GE Series EMI control cables SA00SP SA Series JB Series EMI noise absorbers JA Series WB Series PA Series HT Series Anechoic boxes Single frequency Wideband http://www.fdk.co.jp 14GHz satellite com. GPS EC-ECE002-0208 EMI suppression sheets (PE Series) Operation errors of an electronic device are often caused by EMI noise from another electronic device nearby. Also, existing EMI control products are ineffective to high-frequency digital equipment. Utilizing original material and processing technologies, FDK has developed new EMI suppression sheets abreast with the advancement of electronics. Features Applications Wideband EMI noise absorption Flexible, easy-to-handle sheets Customization options (self-adhesive tapes, cut lines, etc.) EMI noise suppression from electronic devices. Resonance prevention within electronic equipment. Characteristics Product code Magnetic material Initial permeability Density (kg/m33103) Operating temp. (C) Sheet Shape Roll PE72 Metallic soft magnetic 20 3 -30 ~ +100 2973210mm Thickness 0.25mm, 0.5mm, 1.0mm PE23 Mn-Zn ferrite 12 3.4 -30 ~ +100 3003200mm 200mm (W)315m 1.0mm Nearfield decoupling performance PE44 Mg-Zn ferrite 8 3.0 -30 ~ +80 2973210mm 310mm (W)322m 0.4mm PE45 Mn-Zn ferrite 10 3.1 -30 ~ +80 2973210mm 310mm (W)322m 0.4mm Nearfield decoupling Measurement diagram 0 Attenuation (dB) Network analyzer -2 PE45 PE23 -4 PE72 -6 -8 -10 100 Loop antenna Frequency (MHz) 1000 Ferrite sheet http://www.fdk.co.jp EC-ECE002-0208 Shape (examples) Sheet with self-adhesive tape Sheet with cut lines (with self-adhesive tape) Cut line groove Self-adhesive tape Roll Applications (examples) (1) Affixed on an IC or between IC packages Ferrite sheet Ferrite sheet (2) Over interface cables between LCD and keyboard Ferrite sheet (3) Inside the metallic casing or lid Lid Ferrite sheet Magnetic characteristics PE Series ' PE Series '' 25 10 20 8 PE72 PE72 6 ' '' 15 10 PE23 4 PE23 PE45 5 PE45 2 0 10 0 100 1000 Frequency (MHz) http://www.fdk.co.jp 10000 10 100 1000 Frequency (MHz) 10000 EC-ECE003-0208 Heat conductive EMI suppression sheets (GE Series) Features Ideal marriage of noise suppression and thermal conductivity Flexible fitting to surface irregularities of chips on the circuit board Impressive anti-EMI by placement between circuit board and shield casing Reliable fitting without self-adhesive tapes by adhesive property of gelled sheets Applications Simultaneous noise/heat treatment by placement between CPU and heat sink Optimal anti-EMI sheets for cellular phones, digital cameras and other compact electronic equipment Characteristics Product code GE45B GE45C GE45D GE45E Initial permeability ( iac) 6 2.5 3 5.5 Density (kg/m 310 ) 3.1 2.8 3.0 3.75 Heat conductivity (W/m*K) 1.0 1.2 1.5 3.0 Operating temp. (C) -30 ~ +150 3 3 Volume resistivity (*m) 10 1310 -30 ~ +150 10 1310 -30 ~ +150 10 1310 -30 ~ +150 13108 Rubber hardness 28 28 28 40 Shape (sheet only) 300mm3200mm 300mm3200mm 300mm3200mm 300mm3200mm Thickness 0.5 to 3.0mm 0.5 to 3.0mm 0.5 to 3.0mm 1.0 to 3.0mm http://www.fdk.co.jp EC-ECE003-0208 Shape (examples) Sheet 3003200mm Sheet with cut lines 3003200mm Cut line groove Protection film Applications (examples) (2) Fitting to surface irregularities of chips on a circuit board (1) Placement between CPU and heat sink Heat sink Heat conductive ferrite sheet Lid Heat conductive ferrite sheet CPU Circuit board Magnetic characteristics GE Series ' GE Series '' 5 15 ' (GE45B) '' (GE45B) ' (GE45C) '' (GE45C) 4 ' (GE45D) '' (GE45D) ' (GE45E) 10 '' (GE45E) ' '' 3 2 5 1 0 10 100 Frequency (MHz) http://www.fdk.co.jp 1000 10000 0 10 100 Frequency (MHz) 1000 10000 EC-ECE004-0208 Super thin ferrite sheets for EMI suppression Features Superb EMI suppression performance despite minimal thickness Covered with a film for protection from physical damage Wide frequency options by adjusting ferrite materials Customized sheet shapes and dimensions Applications EMI noise suppression from electronic equipment Optimal anti-EMI sheets for cellular phones, digital cameras and other compact electronic equipment Nearfield decoupling performance Product code PF19 Initial permeability ( iac) 200 Density (kg/m33103) 5.1 Operating temp. (C) -30 ~ +120 Shape (sheet only) 10mmu ~ 100mmu Thickness (sheet only) 0.2mm ~ 0.6mm Attenuation (dB) Characteristics Ferrite sheet Frequency (MHz) Nearfield decoupling measurement diagram Network analyzer Loop antenna Ferrite sheet http://www.fdk.co.jp EC-ECE004-0208 Structure Ferrite sheet Self-adhesive tape Protection film Applications (examples) (1) Affixed on an IC package (2) Over interface cables between LCD and keyboard Ferrite sheet Ferrite sheet Magnetic Characteristics Frequency (MHz) http://www.fdk.co.jp GE Series '' ' ' GE Series ' Frequency (MHz) EC-ECE005-0208 EMI suppression sheets SA00SP The SA Series consists of a lineup of silicone-based EMI absorbers in the microwave and millimeter wave bands. The SP type is aimed at a wide frequency range in the microwave band. Features Applications Outstanding return loss performance in a wide frequency range Suitable for absorption of noise from communications equipment Flexible, easy-to-handle sheets Customization options (self-adhesive tapes, cut lines, etc.) EMI noise reduction from communications equipment Resonance prevention within communications equipment Characteristics Physical properties Product code SA00SP Product code Effective frequency 4 ~ 18GHz Material Material constant SA00SP Silicone + Iron carbonyl Measurement frequency 4GHz 12GHz 18GHz Density kg/m ' 1.5 % 1.0 % 0.5 % Tensile strength N/mm2 '' 1.0 % 1.0 % 0.5 % Operating temp. -30 ~ 15C Shape (sheet only) 3003150mm Thickness 1.0 ~ 3.0mm http://www.fdk.co.jp 3 Rubber hardness Adhesive tape 90 peel strength N/10mm 3.53103 5 or more 50 or more 3.0 or more EC-ECE005-0208 Shape (examples) Sheet with self-adhesive tape Sheet with cut lines (with self-adhesive tape) Cut line groove Self-adhesive tape Material characteristics Absorption characteristics Absorption characteristics (sheet 1.5mm thick) SA00SP 5 0 ' '' 4 3.5 Return loss (dB) Complex permeability 4.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 10 20 30 0.5 0 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 40 0 5000 Frequency (MHz) 10000 15000 Frequency (MHz) 20000 * Absorption varies according to sheet thickness. Adhesive tape 90 peel strength Product naming Test method: In accordance with JIS Z1528 "Self-adhesive tape 90 peel method" SA00SP 90 peel method Silicone EMI absorber 100mm/min Absorber sheet Designated frequency 00: No designation 08: 800MHz 6 : 6GHz 12: 12GHz Tape Microwave band type Metallic sheet http://www.fdk.co.jp ST300200- 1.5T Sheet shape (3003200mm) Sheet thickness (1.5mm) T: With tape No T: Without tape EC-ECE006-0208 Rubber-based radio wave absorbers (SA Series) The SA Series, a lineup of silicone-based EMI absorbers in the microwave and millimeter wave bands, features a superb durability against heat and a minimal EMI reflection. Features High thermal resistance Low EMI reflection Flexible, easy-to-handle sheets Many shape options with self-adhesive tapes SA10 FIL. LA Electric RG FR AGC Optical Pre.A PD Applications 10 & 40Gbps opt/electro conversion modules 10 & 40Gbps electro/optical conversion modules Satellite communications ETC/DSRC ITS Millimeter wave radar http://www.fdk.co.jp Example: Opt/electro conversion module EC-ECE006-0208 EMI absorption characteristics 0 Return loss (dB) 10 20 SA40 SA60 SA76 30 SA4 SA6 SA10 40 50 1 5 10 50 100 Frequency (GHz) Material Applications Center frequency Absorption range Thickness SA4 Satellite communications 4GHz 3.7 ~ 4.3GHz (20dB or more) 2.0mm SA6 ETC/DSRC 5.8GHz 5.4 ~ 6.5GHz (20dB or more) 2.1mm SA10 10Gbps optical module 10GHz 9.5 ~ 10.5GHz (20dB or more) 1.6mm SA40 40Gbps optical module 40GHz 38 ~ 42GHz (15dB or more) 0.7mm SA60 Road-vehicle communications 60GHz 58 ~ 62GHz (15dB or more) 0.4mm SA76 Millimeter wave radar 76.5GHz 75 ~ 78GHz (15dB or more) 1.1mm Reliability test Temperature cycle test: Hot humid test: http://www.fdk.co.jp -65 to + 125C, 200 cycles 85C, 85% for 2,000 hours Operating temp. Reflection ratio -30 ~ 150C < 0.1% EC-ECE007-0208 Rubber-based radio wave absorbers (JA Series) Produced by mixing iron carbonyl into synthetic rubber, JA Series absorbers suppress EMI noise in the microwave band (4-18 GHz), and their flexibility brings about handling and working ease. Customization in shape, effective frequency range, double-stick tapes, etc. Physical properties Tensile strength 1.5 ~ 2.0MPa Tear strength 0.7 ~ 1.0MPa Rubber hardness Thermal expansion coefficient http://www.fdk.co.jp 65 ~ 75 1.0 ~ 2.0310-4 / C EC-ECE007-0208 EMI absorption characteristics 0 Return loss (dB) 10 20 30 JA6 JA4 JA7 JA9 JA12 JA14 JA18 40 50 0 5 10 15 20 25 Frequency (GHz) Material code Center frequency 20dB or more absorption Dimensions JA4 4GHz 3.7 ~ 4.3GHz 100310032.0mm JA6 5.8GHz 5.4 ~ 6.5GHz 100310032.0mm JA7 7.5GHz 7.0 ~ 8.2GHz 100310031.65mm JA9 9GHz 8.3 ~ 9.7GHz 100310031.6mm JA12 12GHz 11.2 ~ 13.2GHz 100310031.5mm JA14 14GHz 13.2 ~ 15.3GHz 100310031.4mm JA18 18GHz 17.1 ~ 19.5GHz 100310031.35mm Magnetic characteristics [JA4] [JA12] [JA18] 10 10 10 '' 1 0.1 0 ' =20 ''=1.5 10 Frequency (GHz) http://www.fdk.co.jp 20 Complex permeability Complex permeability Complex permeability ' ' 1 '' 0.1 0 ' =8.0 ''=0.2 10 Frequency (GHz) 20 ' 1 0.1 0 '' ' =7.1 ''=0.05 10 Frequency (GHz) 20 EC-ECE008-0208 Rubber-based radio wave absorbers (JB Series) A mixture of synthetic rubber and ferrite, JB Series absorbers control EMI noise in the semi-microwave band (0.8-3.0 GHz), and their flexibility facilitates handling and working. Compared to conventional products, the JB Series yields higher absorption with smaller thickness. Applications Mobile communications: cellular phones, MCA wireless equipment, communications base stations Navigation: GPS, VICS equipment Wireless LAN: http://www.fdk.co.jp EC-ECE008-0208 EMI absorption characteristics 0 Return loss (dB) 10 20 30 JB08 JB1 JB2 JB1A 40 50 0 1 2 3 4 Frequency (GHz) Material code Center frequency 20dB or more absorption JB08 0.9GHz 0.83~1.00GHz JB1 1.5GHz 1.37~1.65GHz JB1A 1.9GHz 1.75~2.00GHz JB2 2.5GHz 2.31~2.73GHz Dimensions 100310037.2mm 250325037.2mm 100310036.3mm 250325036.3mm Magnetic characteristics [JB08] [JB2] 10 10 '' 1 0.1 0 http://www.fdk.co.jp Complex permeability Complex permeability ' ' =37 ''=8.5 2.5 Frequency (GHz) 5 ' 1 0.1 0 '' ' =14 ''=2.5 5 Frequency (GHz) 10 EC-ECE009-0208 Wideband radio wave absorbers (WB Series) WB Series absorbers provide outstanding EMI absorption throughout a wide frequency range, from microwave to millimeter wave. Light weight is realized by the impregnation of carbons into a polyurethane foam base. Features Wideband EMI absorption Light weight Superb flexibility Flame retardant Applications Radar antenna cells Anechoic boxes/chambers Antenna/target supports Antenna pattern improvement http://www.fdk.co.jp EC-ECE009-0208 Characteristics Material code Frequency range Applicable band Thickness Weight (kg/m2) WB06 0.6GHz or more L, S, C, A, B, X, Ku, K, UHF 114mm 9.8 WB1 1.2GHz or more L, S, C, A, B, X, Ku, K 57mm 4.4 WB2 2.4GHz or more S, C, A, B, X, Ku, K 29mm 2.4 WB3 3.5GHz or more C, A, B, X, Ku, K 19mm 1.5 WB7 7.5GHz or more X, Ku, K 10mm 1.0 WB20 20GHz or more K 6mm 0.5 Dimensions 6103610mm Return loss characteristics 0 Return loss (dB) 5 10 15 WB06 WB1 WB2 WB3 WB7 WB20 20 25 30 0.1 1 10 Frequency (GHz) Ambient conditions Operating temperature: -70 to +150C Humidity: No adverse effect, except where moisture covers the sheet surface continually. http://www.fdk.co.jp 100 EC-ECE010-0208 Ferrite radio wave absorbers (HT Series) Made of sintered ferrites, HT Series products absorb EMI noise by utilizing the principle of magnetic resonance loss. These high-performance absorbers are suitable for the interior walls of anechoic chambers and for the exterior walls of buildings to stem out TV ghost images. Physical properties Specific gravity 5100kg/m3 Bending strength 120MPa Compressive strength 280MPa Young's modulus 1.53105MPa Vickers hardness 650 Thermal expansion coefficient http://www.fdk.co.jp 7~10310-6 / C EC-ECE010-0208 EMI absorption characteristics [HT21] Return loss (dB) 0 10 20 30 10 100 1000 Frequency (MHz) Material code Center frequency 20dB or more absorption Dimensions HT21 120MHz 35~400MHz 100310037mm Free choice of thickness between 6 and 12 mm. Magnetic characteristics [HT21] Complex permeability 1000 '' 100 ' 10 1 1 10 100 Frequency (MHz) http://www.fdk.co.jp 1000 EC-ECE011-0208 Ferrite mortar for TV ghost image suppression FDK has developed and commercialized new ferrite mortar for preventing the TV ghost images generated by the reflection of TV signals on highrise buildings. Compared to conventional ferrite tiles, ferrite mortar is a cost-saving cement-based alternative realizing easier installation and a wider effective frequency range from the VHF to UHF bands. Ferrite mortar precast curtain walls Reflecting metal mesh Dressing tile (7.5mm) Mg ferrite mortar (15mm) Mn ferrite mortar (15mm) Anchor Lightweight concrete Steel reinforcements Structure (example) http://www.fdk.co.jp Ferrite mortar for highrise building EC-ECE011-0208 Features * TV signal absorbing mortar also serving as structural components. Equivalent with conventional mortar in strength, workability and formability. * Wide-range TV signal absorption from the VHF to UHF bands. Broader frequency range of absorption than ferrite tiles, by laminating two types of ferrite mortar layers. * Equivalent or lower construction cost as compared to the construction cost required by conventional ferrite tiles. * Adaptable to various finishing works such as tile dressing, glass curtain wall finish, fiber-reinforced concrete finish, and wall painting. * Excellent design flexibility to suit any frequency range and incident angle condition. EMI absorption characteristics Ferrite mortar EMI absorption 40 Ferrite mortar Conventional ferrite tiles VHF TV band UHF TV band Return loss (dB) 30 20 10 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 Frequency (MHz) http://www.fdk.co.jp 600 700 800 EC-ECE012-0208 Plastic-based radio wave absorbers (PA Series) The PA Series EMI absorbers feature remarkable attenuation in the GHz frequency range by mixing iron carbonyl into a polyester resin and thermosetting the mixture. This thermosetting polyester gives outstanding heat resistance and precision molding to any customized shape. PA Series rod shapes Physical properties 4500kg/m3 Specific gravity Bending strength 50MPa Barcol hardness 50 20310-6 / C Thermal expansion coefficient EMI absorption (attenuation) Magnetic characteristics [PA3] 10 0 Complex permeability Attenuation constant (dB/cm) [PA3] 50 ' '' 1 ' =14 ''=0.8 100 0 http://www.fdk.co.jp 10 Frequency (GHz) 20 0.1 0 10 Frequency (GHz) 20 EC-ECE013-0208 Ferrite magnetic powder NB45/NB44 size distribution Cumulative distribution (Wt%) 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 10 100 Diameter (m) 100 m Features Fine EMI absorption at high frequencies Cost advantage over metallic magnetic materials Superb voltage withstand thanks to high intrinsic resistance Applications EMI control and radio wave absorption Mixing into plastics as magnetic compounds Characteristics Product code NB45 NB44 Feature High dielectric loss, magnetic loss High resistivity Material Mn-Zn ferrite Mg-Zn ferrite Median diameter 20 m 20 m Apparent density (kg/m3) 2.53103 2.43103 Intrinsic resistance (*m) 1 105 Curie temp. (C) 180 145 Sintered density(kg/m3) 4.83103 4.63103 Initial permeability 2000 400 Measurement of o25mm standard rings for initial permeability, sintered density, and intrinsic resistance. http://www.fdk.co.jp 1000 EC-ECE014-0208 Wideband anechoic boxes Wideband anechoic boxes are compact equipment enabling precise measurement of electromagnetic waves over a wide frequency range starting from the semi-microwave band. The boxes remarkably cut internal EMI reflections using thin urethane absorbers that are lined on their interior walls, and also realize an impressive shielding from external noise. Type 1 anechoic box Type 2 anechoic box Inner dimensions: 1,20035003500 mm Inner dimensions: 1,45031,2203114 mm Features Compact size permitting handy use in experiment rooms EMI measurement over a wide frequency range (above 0.8 GHz) enabled by incorporating the wideband WB Series absorbers Superb noise shielding performance (50 dB or more) Suitable for development of antennas, cellular phones and other communications equipment Custom design options to answer each customer's varied needs Applications Precise measurement of radio waves for cellular phones, wireless LAN, blue tooth, digital communications equipment Simple measurement of microwave antenna directivities and patterns Overall testing on the radio wave operations of electronic equipment http://www.fdk.co.jp EC-ECE014-0208 Anechoic box specifications Specifications Type 1: FABR-6613-W Type 2: FABR-121213-W Appearance See photo. See photo. Outer dimensions 630mm (W)31330mm (L)3 630mm (H) 1584mm (W)31227mm (L)3 1354mm (H) Weight Approx. 220kg Approx. 340kg Body material Aluminum plate (8mm thick) Aluminum plate (10mm thick) Inner (effective) dimensions 500 (W)31,200 (L)3500mm (H) [excluding absorbers] 1,450 (W)31,114 (L)31,220mm (H) [excluding absorbers] Casters Stand with 4 casters Table dimensions: 500 (W)3750 (D)3740mm (H) with stoppers No stand With 4 casters With stoppers EMI absorbers Wideband urethane (WB Series) Same as Type 1 Doors & dimensions 2 panel doors on sides Door opening: 2543254mm Coaxial connector on door center (SMA) 2 panel doors on sides (2 door types: option) Double doors Double doors on front Door opening: 3543354mm French door type (With hand-lock) 1 door on front 2 door on sides (2 door types: option) Rotation table Plastic rotation table o50mm (with detachable o100mm table) Rotation table driven by electric o90mm revolving stage (electricity from rotary connector) Rotation table (plastic) o80mm (with detachable o700mm table) Rotation table driven by electric o180mm revolving stage (electricity from rotary connector) Mechanical controller Automated driving of rotation table by controller. Synchronized control of rotation table and measuring instrument by PC (optional). Same as Type 1 Shielding material Flexible shielding materials on doors and panels Same as Type 1 Attachments Controller Power cable Stage connect cable Same as Type 1 http://www.fdk.co.jp Door opening: 5003500mm EC-ECE015-0208 Anechoic boxes "Dempa Ambako(R)" (fixed frequency) Fixed frequency anechoic boxes have been developed using the rubber-based EMI absorbers JA and JB, for simple indoor measurement of EMI in the GHz band. These boxes feature cost-effective compact size, excellent shielding from external noise, and minimized internal EMI reflections. Customized dimensions and frequencies are available besides the standard options below. Anechoic box for 1.5 GHz Product list Product code Dimensions Applicable frequency FAB333-n 30033003300mm 0.8, 1.5, 1.9, 2.5GHz FAB551-n 500350031,000mm 0.8, 1.5, 1.9, 2.5GHz FAB111-n 1,00031,00031,000mm 0.8, 1.5, 1.9, 2.5GHz Note: The symbol in n depends on applicable frequency. "Dempa Ambako" is a registered trademark of FDK. http://www.fdk.co.jp EC-ECE015-0208 "Dempa Ambako" applications (examples) Dempa Ambako are useful in a variety of work from the measurement of antenna performance to the testing of cellular phones, GPS, LAN equipment, ETC devices operating in the GHz band. 1. Antenna measurement Absorption Absorbers Direct wave Absorption Receiving antenna Transmitting antenna Dempa Ambako 2. Measurement of EMI from communications devices Absorption Absorbers Direct wave Absorption 3. Testing on receiving performances of communications devices Transmitting antenna Dempa Ambako http://www.fdk.co.jp Absorption Absorbers Direct wave Absorption Receiving antenna Dempa Ambako EC-ECE016-0208 Evaluation of radio wave absorbing materials * * Return loss/ measuring systems (short method) Network analyzer Network analyzer Air line (or waveguide) Specimen rear short Signal generator * Attenuation/ measuring systems (S parameter) Air line (or waveguide) Signal generator Specimen * Specimen * The complex permeability ( = ' - j" ) and complex permittivity ( = ' - j" ) of a material are determinable from (a) the values of inductance, capacitance and resistance or (b) complex input impedance or (c) complex reflection coefficient and complex transmission coefficient of this material. Design of radio wave absorbing materials Simulations of return loss and attenuation constant: The return loss (from perpendicular or oblique incidence) and attenuation constant are calculated form complex * * permeability and complex permittivity , in order to decide the thickness and other parameters. Example of return loss simulation from perpendicular incidence of plane wave (rear short): Input impedance Reflection coefficient Return loss Measurement example Return loss (dB) Return loss (dB) Simulation example Frequency (GHz) http://www.fdk.co.jp Frequency (GHz) Electronics Sales Div. 5-36-11, Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8677, Japan (Hamagomu Bldg.) TEL : (81)-3-5473-4671 FAX : (81)-3-3431-9436 U.S.A. FDK AMERICA, INC. CORPORATE OFFICE 2270 North First Street, San Jose, California 95131-2022, U.S.A. TEL: (1)-408-432-8331 FAX: (1)-408-435-7478 FDK AMERICA, INC.BOSTON OFFICE 411 Waverley Oaks Road, Suite 324, Waltham. Massachusetts 02452-8437, U.S.A. TEL: (1)-781-899-7700 FAX: (1)-781-899-7701 FDK AMERICA, INC. SAN DIEGO OFFICE 6540 Luck Blvd Suite C274 San Diego, California 92121-2766, U.S.A. TEL: (1)-858-558-8368 FAX: (1)-858-558-6005 Europe FDK ELECTRONICS GMBH Hansaallee 177C, 40549 Dusseldorf, Germany TEL: (49)-211-591574 FAX: (49)-211-593549 FDK ELECTRONICS UK LIMITED Suite 4C Celect House 12A Fairbairn Road, Kirkton North Livingston EH54 6TS, Scotland, United Kingdom TEL: (44)-1506-467981 FAX: (44)-1506-467982 Asia FDK HONG KONG LTD. Suite 1601-1602, Tower3, China Hong Kong City, 33 Canton Road, Tsim Sha Tsui Kowloon, Hong Kong TEL: (852)-27999773 FAX: (852)-27554635 FDK SINGAPORE PTE., LTD. 4, Leng Kee Road, #06-07/08 SiS Building, Singapore. 159088, Republic of Singapore TEL: (65)-472-2328 FAX: (65)-472-5761 The numerical values given in this catalog are standard values, not guaranteed values. The products introduced in the catalog may develop defects due to inappropriate operating conditions. Before using our products and associated equipment, you are requested to conduct a full reliability test. FDK reserves the right to change the specifications of its products without prior notice.