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Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301 USA • 954-766-2800 • www.kemet.com
One world. One KEMET
Benets
• Widerangeoftemperaturefrom−40°Cto+85°C
• Maintenance free
• Maximum operating voltage of 5.5 VDC
• Highly reliable against liquid leakage
• Lead-free and RoHS compliant
Overview
FR Series Supercapacitors, also known as Electric Double-
Layer Capacitors (EDLCs), are intended for high energy
storage applications.
Applications
Supercapacitors have characteristics ranging from
traditional capacitors and batteries. As a result,
supercapacitors can be used like a secondary battery
when applied in a DC circuit. These devices are best suited
for use in low voltage DC hold-up applications such as
embeddedmicroprocessorsystemswithashmemory.
Supercapacitors
FR Series
Part Number System
FR 0H 104 Z F
Series Maximum Operating Voltage Capacitance Code Capacitance
Tolerance Environmental
FR 0H = 5.5 VDC First two digits represent
signicantgures.Thirddigit
speciesnumberofzerosto
follow µF code.
Z=−20/+80% F = Lead-free
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Dimensions – Millimeters
d
1
± 0.1
P ± 0.5
Sleeve
ø D ± 0.5
0.3 Minimum
H Maximum
ℓ Minimum
d
2
± 0.1
(Terminal)
○＋○－
Part Number ø D H P ℓd1d2
FR0H223ZF
11.5
14.0
5.08
2.7
0.4
1.2
FR0H473ZF 14.5 14.0 5.08 2.4 0.4 1.2
FR0H104ZF
14.5
15.5
5.08
2.4
0.4
1.2
FR0H224ZF 14.5 21.0 5.08 2.4 0.4 1.2
FR0H474ZF
16.5
21.5
5.08
2.7
0.4
1.2
FR0H105ZF
21.5
22.0
7.62
3.0
0.6
1.2
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Performance Characteristics
Supercapacitors should not be used for applications such as ripple absorption because of their high internal resistance
(severalhundredmΩtoahundredΩ)comparedtoaluminumelectrolyticcapacitors.Thus,itsmainusewouldbe
similar to that of secondary battery such as power back-up in DC circuit. The following list shows the characteristics of
supercapacitors as compared to aluminum electrolytic capacitors for power back-up and secondary batteries.
Secondary Battery Capacitor
NiCd Lithium Ion Aluminum Electrolytic Supercapacitor
Back-up ability – – – –
Eco-hazard Cd – – –
Operating Temperature Range −20to+60°C −20to+50°C −55to+105°C
−40to+85°C
(FR, FT, FMR Type)
Charge Time Few hours Few hours Few seconds Few seconds
Charge/Discharge Life Time
Approximately
500 times
Approximately
500 to 1,000 times
Limitless (*1) Limitless (*1)
Restrictions on
Charge/Discharge Yes Yes None None
Flow Soldering Not applicable Not applicable Applicable Applicable
Automatic Mounting Not applicable Not applicable Applicable Applicable
(FM and FC series)
Safety Risks Leakage, explosion Leakage, combustion,
explosion, ignition Heat-up, explosion Gas emission (*2)
(*1) Aluminum electrolytic capacitors and supercapacitors have limited lifetime. However, when used under proper conditions, both can operate within a
predetermined lifetime.
(*2) There is no harm as it is a mere leak of water vapor which transitioned from water contained in the electrolyte (diluted sulfuric acid). However,
application of abnormal voltage surge exceeding maximum operating voltage may result in leakage and explosion.
Typical Applications
Intended Use (Guideline) Power Supply (Guideline) Application Examples of Equipment Series
Long time back-up 500μAandbelow
Embedded memory
backup
DVD player, television,
game console, set-top box
FR series
Motor driver DVD player, printer,
projector, camera
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Environmental Compliance
All KEMET supercapacitors are RoHS compliant.
Table 1 – Ratings & Part Number Reference
Part Number
Maximum
Operating
Voltage (VDC)
Nominal Capacitance Maximum ESR
at 1 kHz (Ω)
Maximum
Current at 30
Minutes (mA)
Voltage Holding
Characteristic
Minimum (V)
Weight (g)
Charge
System (F)
Discharge
System (F)
0.022
0.028
220
0.033
4.2
2.3
FR0H473ZF 5.5 0.047 0.060 110 0.071 4.2
3.9
0.10
0.15
150
0.15
4.2
4.3
FR0H224ZF 5.5 0.22 0.33 180 0.33 4.2
5.3
FR0H474ZF 5.5 0.47 0.75 100 0.71 4.2
7.5
1.0
1.6
60
1.5
4.2
13.3
Part numbers in bold type represent popularly purchased components.
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Specications
Item FR Type Test Conditions
(conforming to JIS C 5160-1)
Category Temperature Range −40°Cto+85°C
Maximum Operating Voltage 5.5 VDC
Capacitance Refer to Table 1 Refer to “Measurement Conditions”
Capacitance Allowance +80%,−20% Refer to “Measurement Conditions”
ESR Refer to Table 1 Measuredat1kHz,10mA;Seealso
“Measurement Conditions”
Current (30 minutes value) Refer to Table 1 Refer to “Measurement Conditions”
Surge
Capacitance >90%ofinitialratings
Surge voltage:
Charge:
Discharge:
Number of cycles:
Series resistance:
Discharge
resistance:
Temperature:
6.3 V
30 seconds
9 minutes 30 seconds
1,000
0.022F 560Ω
0.047F 300Ω
0.068F 240Ω
0.10F 150Ω
0.22F 56Ω
0.47F 30Ω
1.0F 15Ω
0Ω
85±2°C
ESR ≤120%ofinitialratings
Current (30 minutes value) ≤120%ofinitialratings
Appearance No obvious abnormality
Characteristics in
Different Temperature
Capacitance Phase 2 ≥50%ofinitialvalue Conforms to 4.17
Phase 1:
Phase 2:
Phase 3:
Phase 4:
Phase 5:
Phase 6:
+25±2°C
−25±2°C
−40±2°C
+25±2°C
+85±2°C
+25±2°C
ESR ≤400%ofinitialvalue
Capacitance Phase 3 ≥30%ofinitialvalue
ESR ≤700%ofinitialvalue
Capacitance
Phase 5
≤200%ofinitialvalue
ESR Satisfy initial ratings
Current (30 minutes value) ≤1.5CV(mA)
Capacitance
Phase 6
Within±20%ofinitialvalue
ESR Satisfy initial ratings
Current (30 minutes value) Satisfy initial ratings
Lead Strength (tensile) No terminal damage Conforms to 4.9
Vibration Resistance
Capacitance
Satisfy initial ratings
Conforms to 4.13
Frequency:
Testing Time:
10to55Hz
6 hours
ESR
Current (30 minutes value)
Appearance No obvious abnormality
Solderability Over 3/4 of the terminal should be covered by the new
solder
Conforms to 4.11
Solder temp:
Dipping time:
+245±5°C
5 ±0.5 seconds
1.6 mm from the bottom should be dipped.
Solder Heat Resistance
Capacitance
Satisfy initial ratings
Conforms to 4.10
Solder temp:
Dipping time:
+260±10°C
10 ±1 seconds
ESR
Current (30 minutes value)
Appearance No obvious abnormality 1.6 mm from the bottom should be dipped.
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Specications cont.
Item FR Type Test Conditions
(conforming to JIS C 5160-1)
Temperature Cycle
Capacitance
Satisfy initial ratings
Conforms to 4.12
Temperature
Condition:
Number of cycles:
−40
°C
» Room
temperature»+85
°C
»
Room temperature
5 cycles
ESR
Current (30 minutes value)
Appearance No obvious abnormality
High Temperature and
High Humidity Resistance
Capacitance Within±20%ofinitialvalue Conforms to 4.14
Temperature:
Relative humidity:
Testing time:
+40±2°C
90to95%RH
240 ±8 hours
ESR ≤120%ofinitialratings
Current (30 minutes value) ≤120%ofinitialratings
Appearance No obvious abnormality
High Temperature Load
Capacitance Within±30%ofinitialvalue Conforms to 4.15
Temperature:
Voltage applied:
Series protection
resistance:
Testing time:
+85±2°C
Maximum operating
voltage
0Ω
1,000+48(+48/−0)
hours
ESR <200%ofinitialratings
Current (30 minutes value) <200%ofinitialratings
Appearance No obvious abnormality
Self Discharge Characteristics
(Voltage Holding Characteristics) Voltage between terminal leads > 4.2 V
Charging condition
Voltage applied:
Series resistance:
Charging time:
5.0 VDC (Terminal at
the case side must be
negative)
0Ω
24 hours
Storage
Let stand for 24 hours in condition described
below with terminals opened.
Ambient
temperature:
Relative humidity:
<25°C
<70%RH
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Marking
A1
001
A1
FR FR5.5 V
85°C 0.022 F
5.5 V
85°C 0.022 F
Negative Polarity
Identification Mark
Maximum
Operating Voltage
Nominal
Capacitance
Date
Code
Serial
Number
SupercapacitorSupercapacitor
SupercapacitorSupercapacitor
Packaging Quantities
Part Number Bulk Quantity per Box
FR0H223ZF
800 pieces
FR0H473ZF
400 pieces
FR0H104ZF
400 pieces
FR0H224ZF
300 pieces
FR0H474ZF
240 pieces
FR0H105ZF
90 pieces
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Measurement Conditions
Capacitance (Charge System)
Capacitanceiscalculatedfromexpression(9)bymeasuringthechargetimeconstant(τ)ofthecapacitor(C).Priorto
measurement, the capacitor is discharged by shorting both pins of the device for at least 30 minutes. In addition, use the polarity
indicator on the device to determine correct orientation of capacitor for charging.
Eo: 3.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 3.5 V
5.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 5.5 V
6.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 6.5 V
10.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 11 V
12.0 (V) Product with maximum operating voltage of 12 V
τ: TimefromstartofcharginguntilVcbecomes0.632Eo(V)
(seconds)
Rc: Seetablebelow(Ω).
Charge Resistor Selection Guide
Cap FA FE FS FY FR FM, FME
FMR FMC FG,
FGR FGH FT FC, FCS HV
FYD FYH
0.010 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
5,000Ω
–
5,000Ω
–
–
–
–
0.022 F
1,000Ω
–
1,000Ω
2,000Ω
2,000Ω
2,000Ω
2,000Ω
–
2,000Ω
–
–
Discharge
–
0.033 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
Discharge
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.047 F
1,000Ω
1,000Ω
1,000Ω
2,000Ω
1,000Ω
1,000Ω
2000Ω
1,000Ω
2,000Ω
–
–
–
–
0.10 F
510Ω
510Ω
510Ω
1,000Ω
510Ω
1,000Ω
1000Ω
1,000Ω
1,000Ω
Discharge
510Ω
Discharge
–
0.22 F 200Ω 200Ω 200Ω 510Ω 510Ω 510Ω
0H: Discharge
0V:1000Ω
–1,000Ω Discharge 200Ω Discharge –
0.33 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Discharge
–
–
–
–
–
0.47 F
100Ω
100Ω
100Ω
200Ω
200Ω
200Ω
–
–
1,000Ω
Discharge
100Ω
Discharge
–
1.0 F
51Ω
51Ω
100Ω
100Ω
100Ω
100Ω
–
–
510Ω
Discharge
100Ω
Discharge
Discharge
1.4 F
–
–
–
200Ω
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.5 F
–
51Ω
–
–
–
–
–
–
510Ω
–
–
–
–
2.2 F
–
–
–
100Ω
–
–
–
–
200Ω
–
51Ω
–
–
2.7 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Discharge
3.3 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
51Ω
–
–
4.7 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
100Ω
–
–
–
Discharge
5.0 F
–
–
100Ω
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.6 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
20Ω
–
–
10.0 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Discharge
22.0 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Discharge
50.0 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Discharge
100.0 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Discharge
200.0 F
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Discharge
*Capacitance values according to the constant current discharge method.
*HV Series capacitance is measured by discharge system.
Vc
Rc
Switch
C+
–
Eo
Capacitance:
C =
τ
(F) (9)
Rc
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Measurement Conditions cont.
Capacitance (Discharge System)
As shown in the diagram below, charging is performed for a duration of 30 minutes once the voltage of the capacitor
terminal reaches 5.5 V. Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to drop
from 3.0 to 2.5 V upon discharge at 0.22 mA per 0.22 F, for example, and calculate the static capacitance according to the
equation shown below.
Note: The current value is 1 mA discharged per 1 F.
Capacitance (Discharge System – 3.5 V, 3.6 V)
As shown in the diagram below, charging is performed for a duration of 30 minutes once the voltage of the capacitor
terminal reaches 3.5 V (3.6 V). Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the terminal voltage to
drop from 1.8 to 1.5 V upon discharge at 1.0 mA per 1.0 F, for example, and calculate the static capacitance according to the
equation shown below.
Capacitance (Discharge System – HV Series)
As shown in the diagram below, charging is performed for a duration of 30 minutes once the voltage of the capacitor
terminal reaches maximum operating voltage. Then, use a constant current load device and measure the time for the
terminal voltage to drop from 2.0 to 1.5 V upon discharge at 1.0 mA per 1.0 F, and calculate the static capacitance according
to the equation shown below.
A
VC R
5.5 V
0.22 mA (I)
SW
30 minutes
T1T2
V2 : 2.5 V
V1 : 3.0 V
5.5 V
(V)
V1
V2
Time (seconds)
C＝ (F)
I × (T
2
－T
1
)
V1
－
V2
A
VC R
3.5 V
(3.6 V)
SW
30 minutes
T1T2
V2 : 1.5 V
V1 : 1.8 V
3.5 V
(3.6 V)
(V)
V1
V2
Time (seconds)
C＝ (F)
I × (T
2
－T
1
)
V1
－
V2
A
VC R
2.7 V
(2.5 V)
SW
30 minutes
T1T2
V2 : 1.5 V
V1 : 2.0 V
2.7 V
(2.5 V)
(V)
V1
V2
Time (seconds)
C＝ (F)
I × (T
2
－T
1
)
V1
－
V2
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Measurement Conditions cont.
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR)
ESR shall be calculated from the equation below.
Current (at 30 minutes after charging)
Current shall be calculated from the equation below. Prior to measurement, both lead terminals must be short-circuited for
a minimum of 30 minutes. The lead terminal connected to the metal can case is connected to the negative side of the power
supply.
Eo: 2.5 VDC (HV Series 50 F)
2.7 VDC (HV Series except 50 F)
3.0 VDC (3.5 V type)
3.6 VDC (3.6 V type)
5.0 VDC (5.5 V type)
6.0 VDC (6.5 V type)
10.0 VDC (11 V type)
12.0 VDC (12 V type)
Rc: 1,000Ω(0.01F,0.022F,0.047F)
100Ω(0.10F,0.22F,0.33F,0.47F)
10Ω(1.0F,1.4F,1.5F,2.2F,3.3F,4.7F,5.6F)
2.2Ω(HVSeries)
However, FS Seres 11 V type and 12 V type
100Ω0.47F,1.0F
10Ω5.0F
Self-Discharge Characteristic (0H – 5.5 V Products)
Theself-dischargecharacteristicismeasuredbychargingavoltageof5.0VDC(chargeprotectionresistance:0Ω)
according to the capacitor polarity for 24 hours, then releasing between the pins for 24 hours and measuring the pin-to-
pinvoltage.Thetestshouldbecarriedoutinanenvironmentwithanambienttemperatureof25°Corbelowandrelative
humidityof70%RHorbelow.Thesolderingischecked.
4. Dismantling
There is a small amount of electrolyte stored within the capacitor. Do not attempt to dismantle as direct skin contact with
theelectrolytewillcauseburning.Thisproductshouldbetreatedasindustrialwasteandnotisnottobedisposedofbyre.
Current ＝ (A)
VR
RCC
SW
RC
E
O＋
－
VR
ESR ＝ ( Ω )
VC
0.01 C
10mA
VC
f:1kHz
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Supercapacitors – FR Series
Notes on Using Supercapacitors or Electric Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLCs)
1. Circuitry Design
1.1 Useful life
The FC Series Supercapacitor (EDLC) uses an electrolyte in a sealed container. Water in the electrolyte can evaporate
while in use over long periods of time at high temperatures, thus reducing electrostatic capacity which in turn will create
greater internal resistance. The characteristics of the supercapacitor can vary greatly depending on the environment in
which it is used. Basic breakdown mode is an open mode due to increased internal resistance.
1.2Failrateintheeld
Basedonelddata,thefailrateiscalculatedatapproximately0.006Fit.Weestimatethatunreportedfailuresareten
times this amount. Therefore, we assume that the fail rate is below 0.06 Fit.
1.3 Exceeding maximum usable voltage
Performance may be compromised and in some cases leakage or damage may occur if applied voltage exceeds
maximum working voltage.
1.4 Use of capacitor as a smoothing capacitor (ripple absorption)
As supercapacitors contain a high level of internal resistance, they are not recommended for use as smoothing
capacitors in electrical circuits. Performance may be compromised and, in some cases, leakage or damage may occur if
a supercapacitor is used in ripple absorption.
1.5 Series connections
As applied voltage balance to each supercapacitor is lost when used in series connection, excess voltage may be
applied to some supercapacitors, which will not only negatively affect its performance but may also cause leakage
and/or damage. Allow ample margin for maximum voltage or attach a circuit for applying equal voltage to each
supercapacitor (partial pressure resistor/voltage divider) when using supercapacitors in series connection. Also,
arrange supercapacitors so that the temperature between each capacitor will not vary.
1.6 Case Polarity
The supercapacitor is manufactured so that the terminal on the outer case is negative (-). Align the (-) symbol during
use. Even though discharging has been carried out prior to shipping, any residual electrical charge may negatively affect
other parts.
1.7 Use next to heat emitters
Usefullifeofthesupercapacitorwillbesignicantlyaffectedifusednearheatemittingitems(coils,powertransistors
and posistors, etc.) where the supercapacitor itself may become heated.
1.8 Usage environment
This device cannot be used in any acidic, alkaline or similar type of environment.
12© KEMET Electronics Corporation • KEMET Tower • One East Broward Boulevard S6016_FR • 7/17/2020
Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301 USA • 954-766-2800 • www.kemet.com
Supercapacitors – FR Series
Notes on Using Supercapacitors or Electric Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLCs) cont.
2. Mounting
2.1Mountingontoareowfurnace
ExceptfortheFCseries,itisnotpossibletomountthiscapacitorontoanIR/VPSreowfurnace.Donotimmersethe
capacitor into a soldering dip tank.
2.2 Flow soldering conditions
Keepsolderunder260°Candsolderingtimetowithin10secondswhenusingtheowautomaticsolderingmethod.
(Except for the FC and HV series)
2.3 Installation using a soldering iron
Care must be taken to prevent the soldering iron from touching other parts when soldering. Keep the tip of the soldering
ironunder400°Candsolderingtimetowithin3seconds.Alwaysmakesurethatthetemperatureofthetipiscontrolled.
Internal capacitor resistance is likely to increase if the terminals are overheated.
2.4 Lead terminal processing
Do not attempt to bend or polish the capacitor terminals with sand paper, etc. Soldering may not be possible if the
metallic plating is removed from the top of the terminals.
2.5 Cleaning, Coating, and Potting
Except for the FM series, cleaning, coating and potting must not be carried out. Consult KEMET if this type of procedure
is necessary. Terminals should be dried at less than the maximum operating temperature after cleaning.
3. Storage
3.1 Temperature and humidity
Makesurethatthesupercapacitorisstoredaccordingtothefollowingconditions:Temperature:5–35°C(Standard
25°C),Humidity:20–70%(Standard:50%).Donotallowthebuildupofcondensationthroughsuddentemperature
change.
3.2 Environment conditions
Make sure there are no corrosive gasses such as sulfur dioxide, as penetration of the lead terminals is possible. Always
store this item in an area with low dust and dirt levels. Make sure that the packaging will not be deformed through heavy
loading, movement and/or knocks. Keep out of direct sunlight and away from radiation, static electricity and magnetic
elds.
3.3 Maximum storage period
This item may be stored up to one year from the date of delivery if stored at the conditions stated above.
13© KEMET Electronics Corporation • KEMET Tower • One East Broward Boulevard S6016_FR • 7/17/2020
Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301 USA • 954-766-2800 • www.kemet.com
Supercapacitors – FR Series
KEMET Electronics Corporation Sales Offi ces
Foracompletelistofourglobalsalesoffices,pleasevisitwww.kemet.com/sales.
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Allproductspecications,statements,informationanddata(collectively,the“Information”)inthisdatasheetaresubjecttochange.Thecustomerisresponsiblefor
checking and verifying the extent to which the Information contained in this publication is applicable to an order at the time the order is placed. All Information given
herein is believed to be accurate and reliable, but it is presented without guarantee, warranty, or responsibility of any kind, expressed or implied.
Statements of suitability for certain applications are based on KEMET Electronics Corporation’s (“KEMET”) knowledge of typical operating conditions for such
applications,butarenotintendedtoconstitute–andKEMETspecicallydisclaims–anywarrantyconcerningsuitabilityforaspeciccustomerapplicationoruse.
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obligation or liability for the advice given or results obtained.
Although KEMET designs and manufactures its products to the most stringent quality and safety standards, given the current state of the art, isolated component
failures may still occur. Accordingly, customer applications which require a high degree of reliability or safety should employ suitable designs or other safeguards
(such as installation of protective circuitry or redundancies) in order to ensure that the failure of an electrical component does not result in a risk of personal injury or
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