MAQ5280 25mA, 120V, Low IQ, High PSRR LDO Automotive General Description The MAQ5280 is a high performance low dropout regulator, offering a very low noise output with a very wide input voltage operating range, up to 120V DC input voltage. Ideal for high input voltage applications such as automotive and telecom, the MAQ5280 offers 2% initial accuracy, extremely high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR > 80dB) and low ground current (typically 31A). The MAQ5280 can also be put into a zero-off-mode current state, drawing a minuscule amount of current when disabled. The MAQ5280 has a very wide input voltage range, with a DC rating from -24V to 120V. This wide input range covers the automotive load dump range and the MAQ5280 is optimized for line transient response, making it ideal for harsh environment applications. The MAQ5280 has an operating junction temperature range of -40C to +125C and is available in an adjustable output voltage version in a lead-free (RoHS compliant) 8pin EPAD SOIC packaging. This part is also AEC-Q100 Qualified for automotive applications. Data sheets and support documentation can be found on Micrel's web site at: www.micrel.com. Features * * * * * * * * * Wide Input Voltage Range: 4.5V to 120V DC Very Low Quiescent Current: 31A typical 25mA guaranteed output current Adjustable Output from 1.215V to 5V DC voltage protection down to -24V Ability to withstand up to +120V DC at the input Stable with ceramic output capacitors Ultra High PSRR > 80dB for RF Applications High output accuracy - 2% initial accuracy - 3% over temperature (-40C to +125C) * Thermal shutdown and current limit protection * Thermally efficient 8-pin EPAD SOIC package * AEC-Q100 qualified Applications * Automotive Systems * Industrial Applications * Remote Keyless Entry Power Supply * Telecom Applications * Off-line Power Supplies ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Typical Application Automotive Application Micrel Inc. * 2180 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel +1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 * http://www.micrel.com October 2008 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Ordering Information Part Number Voltage Temperature Range Package Lead Finish MAQ5280YME Adj. -40 to +125C 8-Pin EPAD SOIC Pb-Free Pin Configuration CBYP 1 8 VIN VOUT 2 7 NC ADJ 3 6 NC GND 4 5 EN 8-Pin EPAD SOIC (ME) Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name 1 CBYP Connect 10F capacitor. Increases PSRR when VIN 6.5V. Pin Function 2 VOUT Regulator Output Pin. Connect 2.2F for better stable operation. 3 ADJ Connect pin 3 to external resistor divider to set VOUT. 4 GND Ground. 5 EN Enable pin. Enable Low turns part OFF, Enable High turns part ON. 6, 7 NC Not internally connected. 8 VIN Supply Input pin. Supply (Input): -24V to 120V input voltage. EP - October 2008 Exposed Pad - Connect to Ground plane trace. 2 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Supply Voltage (VIN) ..................................... -24V to +120V Enable Voltage (VEN)...................................... -1V to +120V Power Dissipation (PD) ........................... Internally Limited(3) Max Reflow Temperature (per IPC/JEDEC 20C) ..... 260C Storage Temperature (TS).........................-65C to +150C ESD Rating(4) .................................................................. 2kV Supply Voltage (VIN)...................................... 4.5V to +120V Enable Voltage (VEN)........................................ 0V to +120V Junction Temperature (TJ) ........................ -40C to +125C Junction Thermal Resistance EPAD SOIC-8 (JA)............................................41C/W Electrical Characteristics(5) VIN = 12V; VEN = 2V; COUT = 2.2F; CBYP = 10F; IOUT = 100A; TJ = 25C, bold values indicate -40C to +125C, unless noted. Parameter Condition Min Output Voltage Accuracy Variation from nominal VOUT Variation from nominal VOUT, -40C to +125C Max Units -2 +2 % -3 +3 % ADJ Pin Voltage Typ 1.219 (6) Line Regulation VIN = 6.5V to 120V -0.5 Load Regulation IOUT = 100A to 25mA -0.5 0.2 0.5 % Dropout Voltage IOUT = 100A; VIN = 4.5V; Adjust Pin = 0V 0 430 700 mV IOUT = 10mA; VIN = 4.5V; Adjust Pin = 0V 0 800 1000 mV IOUT = 25mA; VIN = 4.5V; Adjust Pin = 0V 0 1100 1500 mV IOUT = 100A 0 31 50 A IOUT = 25mA 0 260 400 A Ground Pin Current in Shutdown VEN 0.3V 0 0.02 1 A VEN 0.3V, -40C to +125C 0 5 A Ripple Rejection f = up to 1kHz Current Limit VOUT = 0V; VIN = 4.5V (7) Ground Pin Current VIN = -24V; VEN = 0.3V IOUT Reverse Current VIN = 0V; VOUT = 5V; VEN = 0.3V 0.5 % 80 dB 40 70 mA 70 100 mA 0.4 0.03 50 A 3 10 A VOUT = 0V; VIN = 14.4V IDD Reverse Battery 0.04 V ADJ Pin Current 3.3 nA Output Voltage Noise 120 VRMS Enable Input Enable Input Voltage Logic Low Logic High Enable Input Current Turn-on Time October 2008 0.3 V V 2.0 VEN 0.3V; VIN = 12V 0 0.02 1 A VEN 2.0V; VIN = 12V 0 0.12 1 A VIN = 4.5V; VEN = 120V 0 0.15 10 A 0.1 1 COUT = 2.2F; IOUT = 25mA 3 ms M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. The maximum allowable power dissipation of any TA (ambient temperature) is PD(max) = (TJ(max) - TA) / JA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will result in excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. 4. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF. 5. Specification for packaged product only. 6. Line regulation is a percentage of VOUT. 7. Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature using low duty cycle pulse testing; changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered by the thermal regulation specification. October 2008 4 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Typical Characteristics Power Supply Rejection Ratio 120 3.155 3.154 100A 100 1mA 10mA 25mA 1.225 1.224 100 1000 10000 100000 FREQUENCY (Hz) Feedback Voltage vs. Temperature 300 1.223 1.222 1.221 200 Load=100A Ground Current vs. Output Current 4.992 4.990 0 35 5 10 15 20 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 25 Ground Current vs. Temperature 32 120C 150 Load=25mA 1.218 100 1.217 1.216 50 1.215 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 VIN = 4.5V CIN = 0.18F COUT = 2.2F 0.2 80 77 40 60 80 100 120 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) -40C 1.220 1.219 0 0 20 4.998 4.996 4.994 VIN=120V 250 1.4 VOUT = 3.15V CIN = 0.18F COUT = 2.2F Load = 100A 3.147 3.146 3.145 0 EN = VBYP VIN = 12V VOUT = 5V CIN = 0.18F COUT = 2.2F 5.002 5.000 3.148 20 0 10 3.152 3.151 3.150 3.149 40 5.010 Output Voltage vs. Load Current 5.008 5.006 5.004 3.153 80 60 Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage 5 10 15 20 25 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Current Limit vs. Temperature 74 71 68 VIN = 12V VOUT = 5V CIN = 0.18F COUT = 2.2F 5 10 15 20 25 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature 1.2 1.1 Load=25mA 1.0 0.9 0.8 Load=10mA 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 Load=100A 0.2 0.1 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) 3.40 3.37 Adjust Pin Current vs. Temperature 23 EN = VIN Load = 100A 20 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) 79 Current Limit vs. Input Voltage 76 73 70 67 64 61 58 55 0 1.1 VOUT = 3.15V COUT = 2.2F 20 40 60 80 100 120 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Enable Threshold vs. Temperature Load = 100A 0.8 0.7 3.19 0.6 56 53 3.16 3.13 50 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) 3.10 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) October 2008 VIN=4.5V 26 0.9 3.31 3.28 3.25 3.22 VIN =4.5V 29 1.0 3.34 VIN=12V 65 62 59 0 0 25C VIN=12V 0.5 VEN = 12V 5 0.4 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Typical Characteristics (continued) 0.20 0.18 Enable Current vs. Enable Voltage 0.135 0.133 0.16 0.131 0.14 0.12 0.129 0.127 0.10 0.08 0.125 0.123 0.06 0.121 0.04 0.02 0.119 0.117 0 0 70 VIN = 12V 20 40 60 80 100 120 ENABLE VOLTAGE (V) VIN Current vs. Input Voltage Enable Current vs. Temperature 6.5 5.5 VIN=12V 4.5 3.5 VIN=120V 60 2.5 Load=100A Load=10mA 1.5 0.115 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) 10 0.5 0 1.5 VOUT = 5V COUT = 2.2F 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6.5 Output Noise Spectral Density Noise(10Hz to 100kHz)=113V RMS VIN = 3.6V VOUT = 3.3V COUT = 2.2F CBYP = 0.1F Load = 25mA 50 1 40 Low Voltage Behavior 30 20 0.1 10 VOUT = 1.2V CIN = 0.18F COUT = 2.2F I OUT = 0A 0 0 24 48 72 96 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) October 2008 120 0.01 10 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 6 1M M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Functional Characteristics October 2008 7 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Functional Diagram VIN EN > Bypass Regulator + < EN Post Regulator 1.2V CBYP EN > 1.22V EN Enable EN VOUT EN > EN > ADJ GND October 2008 8 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 EN Pin EN pin is a logic level enable input which turns MAQ5280 on/off. Drive EN pin level high to turn the device ON and drive EN pin low to keep the device in shutdown mode. In shutdown mode the MAQ5280 draws typically 20nA from the input supply. EN pin can withstand 120V, allowing EN always connected to input supply for always-ON operation. Functional Description MAQ5280 is a high performance linear regulator which accepts wide input operating range 4.5V to 120V. This allows the use in harsh environments. The input can surge from 0V to 120V within a millisecond. The first stage bypass regulator isolates output from this input by producing an intermediate head voltage which is a inputto-post regulator. This post regulator gives the control to regulate the required output voltage. The output voltage is adjustable from 1.22V to 5V. ADJ Pin ADJ pin gives the flexibility to set the output voltage to the requirement from 1.22V to 5V. Use a resistor divider from output and connect to ADJ pin, internal reference is typically 1.219V. VIN Pin VIN pin is the supply input pin. A 0.18F or larger capacitor with proper voltage rating is recommended for filtering the input voltage variations and noise on the input voltage. This capacitor should be close to the VIN and GND pins. GND Pin This GND pin provides the ground for all the electrical connections. MAQ5280 has exposed pad underneath the package which should be connected to ground. If this exposed pad is connected to wide ground plane it would improve the thermal performance of MAQ5280. CBYP Pin The Bypass pin is the output of the Bypass regulator and the input of the post regulator. By connecting a capacitor from the CBYP pin-to-GND, a greater stability and a much higher PSRR is achieved. A 10F ceramic capacitor is recommended and this significantly decreases VOUT noise and perturbations due to line transients. When the MAQ5280 is enabled, the Bypass pin voltage is regulated at 5.5V. To maintain 5.5V regulation and high PSRR, the VIN must be no lower than 6.5V. For VIN less than 6.5V while in dropout, the PSRR is reduced. October 2008 NC Pins There are two NC pins on the package which are not connected internally. VOUT Pin The VOUT pin is the regulated output of the post regulator. When the MAQ5280 is enabled, VOUT regulates at a fixed voltage, when disabled, VOUT is high impedance. A 2.2F or larger ceramic capacitor must be connected to VOUT pin-to-ground. 9 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio is the measure of a VOUT signal caused by a signal on the VIN pin. The ratio of VIN/VOUT in dB is PSRR. The MAQ5280's PSRR from 0Hz to 1kHz exceeds 80dB. Application Information MAQ5280 is a linear regulator with a wide operating range of input voltage 4.5V to 120V. The input can go down to -24V without any damage to the device. This feature gives the advantage to use in harsh environment applications such as automotive load dump and remote keyless entry as well as telecom applications. Output Voltage Setting For adjustable regulator, VOUT is programmable from 1.22V to 5.0V. A 2.2F or larger capacitor must be connected to VOUT pin-to-ground to maintain stability. This capacitor value can be increased without bound. The VOUT capacitor can have an ESR of 0. When VIN is lower than VOUT, VOUT is not pulled low by VIN. A small current, typically 4A, will sink into VOUT pin. The output voltage is controlled by the feedback resistors (R1 and R2) and can be calculated as follows: Thermal Protection MAQ5280 has internal thermal shutdown to protect from over dissipation and failure. When the junction temperature exceeds +160C, an internal thermal sensor signals the shutdown logic to turn off the pass transistor and allows the IC to cool. The thermal sensor turns the pass transistor on again after the junction temperature cools by 10C. This results in a cycled output during continuous thermal overload conditions. The recovery from thermal shutdown is smooth without any overshoot. For continuous operation, do not exceed the maximum junction temperature rating of +125C. R1 + 1 VOUT = VREF R2 VREF = 1.219V The evaluation board is initially adjusted to 5V, but can easily be modified by removing R1 and replacing it with the value that yields the desired output voltage. Current Limit MAQ5280 has a current limit protection to protect it from over loads. The recovery from current limit protection is smooth without any overshoots. The output can be shorted to GND for an indefinite period of time without damage to the device. During a short circuit, the power dissipated across the pass transistor can quickly heat the device. When the die temperature reaches +160C, the MAQ5280 shut down and automatically restart after the die temperature cools by 10C. This results in a pulsed output operation. V R1 = R 2 OUT - 1 V REF Ensure the output voltage selected does not exceed 5V. Enable Pin The voltage on enable pin EN of MAQ5280 could vary from -1V to 120V. So enable pin EN of MAQ5280 can be used in a different configuration as the application dictates. If the MAQ5280 needs to be always enabled then simply connect the EN pin to CBYP pin, as shown in Figure 1. Then whenever VIN has a supply voltage output is developed. Input can swing from -24V to 120V. One can also connect EN pin through 100k resistor to input as shown in Figure 2 to achieve the same result. CBYP Output when Enable is Low When the Enable is low and the MAQ5280 is disabled, while VIN voltage is present, the CBYP pin voltage is typically 4.5V, even for VIN as high as 120V. The Bypass regulator although maintaining the Bypass voltage, requires no current from VIN other than leakage current. Bypass Capacitor A 10F capacitor should be connected from bypass pin to ground to maintain stability of the bypass regulator. The voltage rating of the capacitor must be 8V or higher. Low ESR ceramic capacitors work well. Although a 1F capacitor maintains good AC power supply rejection, higher capacitance values will enhance AC power supply rejection. October 2008 10 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Figure 1. MAQ5280 EN Always Enabled Figure 2. Enable Connected to VIN Application October 2008 11 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Bill of Materials Item Part Number NMC-P1210X7R184K200TRPLPF C1 C1812C184K2RAC VJ1812Y184KXC Manufacturer (1) NIC Capacitor, 0.18F, 200V, Size 1210 Kemet(2) Capacitor, 0.18F, 200V, Size 1812 (3) Vishay TDK(4) Capacitor, 2.2F,10V, X5R, Size 0603 0603C225MAT AVX(5) Capacitor, 2.2F,6.3V, X7R, Size 0603 GRM188R60J225KE19D C1608X5R0J105K (6) Murata TDK 1 Capacitor, 2.2F,6.3V, X5R, Size 0603 Vishay(3) GRM188R60J105KA01D (6) Murata CRCW060315R4FKEYE3 Vishay(3) R2 CRCW06034R87FKEYE3 (3) Vishay U1 MAQ5280YME Micrel, Inc. (7) Capacitor, 1F,6.3V, X5R, Size 0603 1 Resistor, 15.4k, 1%, 1/16W, Size 0603 1 Resistor, 4.8k, 1%, 1/16W, Size 0603 1 25mA, 120V, Low IQ, High PSRR LDO 1 Notes: 1. NIC: www.nic.com 2. Kemet Electronics: www.ketem.com 3. Vishay: www.vishay.com 4. TDK: www.tdk.com 5. AVX: www.avx.com 6. Murata: www.murata.com 7. Micrel, Inc.: www.micrel.com October 2008 1 (4) VJ0603G105KXYPW1BC R1 Qty. C1608X5R1A225K C2 C3 Description 12 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 PCB Layout Recommendations Top Layer Bottom Layer October 2008 13 M9999-102708-B Micrel, Inc. MAQ5280 Package Information 8-Pin EPAD SOIC (ME) MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2008 Micrel, Incorporated. October 2008 14 M9999-102708-B