Data Sheet ADIS16448
Rev. H | Page 21 of 26
CALIBRATION
The mechanical structure and assembly process of the ADIS16448
provide excellent position and alignment stability for each sensor,
even after subjected to temperature cycles, shock, vibration, and
other environmental conditions. The factory calibration includes a
dynamic characterization of each gyroscope and accelerometer over
temperature and generates sensor specific correction formulas.
GYROSCOPES
The XGYRO_OFF (see Table 37), YGYRO_OFF (see Table 38),
and ZGYRO_OFF (see Table 39) registers provide user-
programmable bias adjustment function for the X-, Y-, and
Z-axis gyroscopes, respectively. Figure 22 illustrates that they
contain bias correction factors that adjust to the sensor data
immediately before it loads into the output register.
xGYRO_OFF
xACCL_OFF
MEMS
SENSOR ADC FACTORY
CALIBRATION
AND
FILTERING
xGYRO_OUT
xACCL_OUT
09946-020
Figure 22. User Calibration, Gyroscopes, and Accelerometers
Gyroscope Bias Error Estimation
Any system level calibration function must start with an estimate
of the bias errors, which typically comes from a sample of gyro-
scope output data, when the device is not in motion. The sample
size of data depends on the accuracy goals. Figure 7 provides a
trade-off relationship between averaging time and the expected
accuracy of a bias measurement. Vibration, thermal gradients, and
power supply instability can influence the accuracy of this process.
Table 37. XGYRO_OFF (Base Address = 0x1A), Read/Write
Bits Description (Default = 0x0000)
[15:0] X-axis, gyroscope offset correction factor,
twos complement, 0.01°/sec/LSB, 0°/sec = 0x0000
Table 38. YGYRO_OFF (Base Address = 0x1C), Read/Write
Bits Description (Default = 0x0000)
[15:0] Y-axis, gyroscope offset correction factor,
twos complement, 0.01°/sec/LSB, 0°/sec = 0x0000
Table 39. ZGYRO_OFF (Base Address = 0x1E), Read/Write
Bits Description (Default = 0x0000)
[15:0] Z-axis, gyroscope offset correction factor,
twos complement, 0.01°/sec/LSB, 0°/sec = 0x0000
Gyroscope Bias Correction Factors
When the bias estimate is complete, multiply the estimate by −1
to change its polarity, convert it into digital format for the offset
correction registers (see Table 37, Table 38, and Table 39), and
write the correction factors to the correction registers. For
example, lower the X-axis bias by 10 LSB (0.1°/sec) by setting
XGYRO_OFF = 0xFFF6 (DIN = 0x9BFF, 0 x9AF6).
Single Command Bias Correction
GLOB_CMD[0] (see Tabl e 25) loads the xGYRO_OFF registers
with the values that are the opposite of the values that are in
xGYRO_OUT, at the time of initiation. Use this command,
together with the decimation filter (SMPL_PRD[12:8], see
Table 34), to automatically average the gyroscope data and
improve the accuracy of this function, as follows:
1. Set SENS_AVG[10:8] = 001 (DIN = 0xB901) to optimize
the xGYRO_OUT sensitivity to 0.01°/sec/LSB.
2. Set SMPL_PRD[12:8] = 0x10 (DIN = 0xB710) to set the
decimation rate to 65,536 (216), which provides an averaging
time of 80 seconds (65,536 ÷ 819.2 SPS).
3. Wait for 80 seconds while keeping the device motionless.
4. Set GLOB_CMD[0] = 1 (DIN = 0xBE01) and wait for the
time it takes to perform the flash memory backup.
ACCELEROMETERS
The XACCL_OFF (see Tabl e 40), YACCL_OFF (see Table 41),
and ZACCL_OFF (see Table 42) registers provide user
programmable bias adjustment function for the X-, Y-, and
Z-axis accelerometers, respectively. These registers adjust the
accelerometer data in the same manner as XGYRO_OFF in
Figure 22.
Table 40. XACCL_OFF (Base Address = 0x20), Read/Write
Bits Description (Default = 0x0000)
[15:0] X-axis, accelerometer offset correction factor,
twos complement, 1/1200 g/LSB, 0 g = 0x0000
Table 41. YACCL_OFF (Base Address = 0x22), Read/Write
Bits Description (Default = 0x0000)
[15:14] Not used
[13:0] Y-axis, accelerometer offset correction factor,
twos complement, 1/1200 g/LSB, 0 g = 0x0000
Table 42. ZACCL_OFF (Base Address = 0x24), Read/Write
Bits Description (Default = 0x0000)
[15:14] Not used
[13:0] Z-axis, accelerometer offset correction factor,
twos complement, 1/1200 g/LSB, 0 g = 0x0000
Accelerometer Bias Error Estimation
Under static conditions, orient each accelerometer in positions
where the response to gravity is predictable. A common approach
to this is to measure the response of each accelerometer when
they are oriented in peak response positions, that is, where ±1 g
is the ideal measurement position. Next, average the +1 g and
−1 g accelerometer measurements together to estimate the
residual bias error. Using more points in the rotation can
improve the accuracy of the response.