HPQ-12/25-D48NL2-C - Murata Power Solutions

The HPQ-12/25-D48 series offers high output

current (up to 25 Amps) in an industry standard

“quarter brick” package requiring no heat sink for

most applications. The HPQ-12/25-D48 series de-

livers ﬁ xed 12 Vdc output at 300 Watts for printed

circuit board mounting. Wide range inputs on the

2.3” x 1.45” x 0.49” converter are 36 to 75 Volts

DC (48 Volts nominal), ideal for datacom and telecom

systems. The ﬁ xed output voltage is regulated to

within ±0.25%.

Advanced automated surface mount assembly

and planar magnetics deliver galvanic isolation

rated at 2250 Vdc for basic insulation. To power

digital systems, the outputs offer fast settling to

current steps and tolerance of higher capacitive

loads. Excellent ripple and noise speciﬁ cations as-

sure compatibility to CPU’s, ASIC’s, programmable

logic and FPGA’s. No minimum load is required. For

systems needing controlled startup/shutdown, an

external remote On/Off control may use either posi-

tive or negative logic. Remote Sense inputs com-

pensate for resistive line drops at high currents.

A wealth of self-protection features avoid prob-

lems with both the converter and external circuits.

These include input undervoltage lockout and

overtemperature shutdown using an on-board tem-

perature sensor. Overcurrent protection using the

“hiccup” autorestart technique provides indeﬁ nite

short-circuit protection. Additional safety features

include output overvoltage protection and reverse

conduction elimination. The synchronous rectiﬁ er to-

pology offers high efﬁ ciency for minimal heat buildup

and “no heat sink” operation. The HPQ-12/25-D48

series is certiﬁ ed to full safety standards UL/EN/IEC/

CSA 60950-1, 2nd edition and RFI/EMI conducted/

radiated emission compliance to EN55022, CISPR22

with external ﬁ lter.

PRODUCT OVERVIEW

 Embedded systems, datacom and telecom

installations

 Disk farms, data centers and cellular repeater sites

 Remote sensor systems, dedicated controllers

 Instrumentation systems, R&D platforms, auto-

mated test ﬁ xtures

 Data concentrators, voice forwarding and

speech processing systems

APPLICATIONS

FEATURES

 12 Volts DC ﬁ xed output up to 25 Amps

 Industry standard quarter brick 2.3” x 1.45” x

0.49” open frame package

 Wide range 36 to 75 Vdc input voltages with

2250 Volt Basic isolation

 Double lead-free assembly and attachment for

RoHS standards

 Up to 300 Watts total output power

 High efﬁ ciency (94.5%) synchronous rectiﬁ er

topology

 Stable no-load operation with no required external

components

 Operating temperature range -40 to +85° C.

with no heat sink required

 Certiﬁ ed to UL/EN 60950-1, CSA-C22.2 No.

60950-1, 2nd edition safety approvals

 Extensive self-protection, current limiting and

shut down features

 “X” optional version omits trim and sense pins

Output (V) Current (A) Nominal Input (V)

12 25 48

External

Power

Source

Reference and

Error Ampliﬁer

t4XJUDIJOH

t'JMUFST

t$VSSFOU4FOTF

-Vout (4)

+Vout (8)

4FOTF

4FOTF

5SJN

On/Off

Control

(2)

-Vin (3)

Open = On

$MPTFE0GG

+Vin (1)

1PTJUJWF

MPHJD

Controller

and Power

5SBOTGFS

*TPMBUJPO

Barrier

Figure 1. Connection Diagram

Typical unit

Typical topology is shown. Murata Power Solutions

recommends an external fuse.

* “X” option omits trim and sense pins.

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 1 of 16

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www.murata-ps.com/support

For full details go to

www.murata-ps.com/rohs

➀ Please refer to the part number structure for additional ordering information and options.

➁ All speciﬁ cations are at nominal line voltage and full load, +25 deg.C. unless otherwise noted.

See detailed speciﬁ cations. Output capacitors are 1 µF ceramic in parallel with 10 µF electrolytic

with no input caps.These caps are necessary for our test equipment and may not be needed for

your application.

➂ Ta=25C, Vin=48V, Full load condition.

PEFORMANCE SPECIFICATION SUMMARY AND ORDERING GUIDE ➀

Root Model ➀

Output Input

Efﬁ ciency Package (C59)

VOUT

(Volts)

IOUT

(Amps,

max.)

Power

(Watts)

R/N (mV

pk-pk) Regulation (Max.) ➁

VIN Nom.

(Volts)

Range

(Volts)

IIN no

load (mA)

IIN full

load

(Amps)Typ. Max. Line Load Min. ➂Typ.

Dimensions

(inches)

Dimensions

(mm)

HPQ-12/25-D48

HPQ-12/25-D48 12 25 300 80 120 ±0.125% ±0.25% 48 36-75 150 6.61 94% 95%

2.3x1.45x0.49 max.

58.4x36.8x12.45

PART NUMBER STRUCTURE

Pin length option

Blank = standard pin length 0.180 in. (4.6 mm)

L1 = 0.110 in. (2.79 mm)*

L2 = 0.145 in. (3.68 mm)*

D48

Input Voltage Range:

D48 = 36-75 Volts (48V nominal)

Nominal Output Voltage

12 25

Maximum Rated Output

Current in Amps

-N

On/Off Control Logic

N = Negative logic, standard

P = Positive logic, optional

HPQ

Family

Series:

High Power

Quarter Brick

Baseplate (optional)

Blank = No baseplate, standard

B = Baseplate installed, optional

RoHS Hazardous Materials compliance

C = RoHS-6 (does not claim EU RoHS exemption 7b–lead in solder), standard

Y = RoHS-5 (with lead), optional, special quantity order

-C

Conformal coating (optional)

Blank = no coating, standard

H = Coating added, optional

Trim & Sense Pins Option

Blank = Trim and Sense installed, standard

X = Trim and Sense removed

Z = Sense removed (Trim included)

Complete Model Number Example:

Negative On/Off logic, baseplate installed, conformally coated, trim and sense pins removed, 0.110˝ pin length, RoHS-6 compliance

HPQ-12/25-D48NBHXL1-C

Special Customer Conﬁ guration part numbers:

1) HPQ-12/25-D48NXL2-C-CIS

2) HPQ-12/25-D48NBZL2-C-CIS

3) HPQ-12/25-D48NL2-C-CIS

*Special quantity order is

required; samples available

with standard pin length only.

Note:

Some model number combinations

may not be available. See website

or contact your local Murata sales

representative.

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 2 of 16

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HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

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FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Conditions ➀Minimum Typical/Nominal Maximum Units

Input Voltage, Continuous Full power operation 36 80 Vdc

Input Voltage, Transient Operating or non-operating,

100 mS max. duration 100 Vdc

Isolation Voltage Input to output tested 100 mS 2250 Vdc

Input Reverse Polarity None, install external fuse None Vdc

On/Off Remote Control Power on or off, referred to -Vin 0 13.5 Vdc

Output Power 0 300 W

Output Current Current-limited, no damage,

short-circuit protected 025A

Storage Temperature Range Vin = Zero (no power) -55 125 °C

Absolute maximums are stress ratings. Exposure of devices to greater than any of these conditions may adversely affect long-term reliability. Proper operation under conditions other than those

listed in the Performance/Functional Speciﬁ cations Table is not implied or recommended.

INPUT Conditions ➀ ➂

Operating voltage range 36 48 75 Vdc

Recommended External Fuse Fast blow 20 A

Start-up threshold Rising input voltage 33 34 35 Vdc

Undervoltage shutdown Falling input voltage 31 32 34 Vdc

Overvoltage protection Rising input voltage None Vdc

Reverse Polarity Protection None, install external fuse None Vdc

Internal Filter Type Pi-type

Input current

Full Load Conditions Vin = nominal 6.61 6.82 A

Low Line Vin = minimum 8.82 9.1 A

Inrush Transient Vin = 48V. 0.3 A2-Sec.

Output in Short Circuit 50 100 mA

No Load Iout = minimum, unit=ON 150 250 mA

Standby Mode (Off, UV, OT) 510mA

Reﬂ ected (back) ripple current ➁Measured at input with speciﬁ ed ﬁ lter 50 70 mA, RMS

GENERAL and SAFETY

Efﬁ ciency Vin=48V, full load 94 95 %

Isolation

Isolation Voltage, input to output No baseplate 2250 Vdc

Isolation Voltage, input to output With baseplate 2250 Vdc

Isolation Voltage, input to baseplate With baseplate 1500 Vdc

Isolation Voltage, output to baseplate With baseplate 1500 Vdc

Insulation Safety Rating basic

Isolation Resistance 10 M

Isolation Capacitance 1000 pF

Safety Certiﬁ ed to UL-60950-1, CSA-C22.2 No.60950-1,

IEC/EN60950-1, 2nd edition Yes

Calculated MTBF Per MIL-HDBK-217F, ground benign,

Tambient=+TBD°C TBD Hours x 103

Calculated MTBF Per Telcordia SR-332, issue 1, class 3, ground

ﬁ xed, Tcase=+25°C 1500 Hours x 103

DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS

Fixed Switching Frequency 260 KHz

Startup Time ➈Power On, to Vout regulation band,

100% resistive load 25 mS

Startup Time Remote ON to Vout Regulated 25 mS

Dynamic Load Response 50-75-50% load step to 1% error band 550 825 µSec

Dynamic Load di/dt 0.1 A / µSec

Dynamic Load Peak Deviation same as above ±500 ±750 mV

FEATURES and OPTIONS

Remote On/Off Control ➃

“N” sufﬁ x:

Negative Logic, ON state ON = pin grounded or external voltage -0.1 0.8 Vdc

Negative Logic, OFF state OFF = pin open or external voltage 3.5 13.5 Vdc

Control Current open collector/drain 2 mA

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 4 of 16

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FEATURES and OPTIONS (cont.) Conditions ➀Minimum Typical/Nominal Maximum Units

Remote On/Off Control (cont.) ➃

“P” sufﬁ x:

Positive Logic, ON state ON = pin open or external voltage 3.5 13.5 V

Positive Logic, OFF state OFF = ground pin or external voltage 0 0.8 V

Control Current open collector/drain 2 mA

Remote Sense Compliance ➆Vsense=Vout - Vload, Sense pins connected

externally to respective Vout’s 0.5 V

Base Plate "B" sufﬁ x optional

OUTPUT

Total Output Power 0.0 300 306 W

Voltage

Setting Accuracy At 50% load, no trim 11.76 12 12.24 Vdc

Output Voltage Range ➆User-adjustable -10 +10 % of Vnom.

Overvoltage Protection Via magnetic feedback 14.4 18 V

Current

Output Current Range 0.0 25.0 A

Minimum Load No minimum load

Current Limit Inception 98% of Vnom., after warmup 28.5 32 42 A

Short Circuit

Short Circuit Current Hiccup technique, autorecovery within 1.25%

of Vout 0.8 1.0 A

Short Circuit Duration

(remove short for recovery) Output shorted to ground, no damage Continuous

Short circuit protection method Hiccup current limiting Non-latching

Regulation ➄

Line Regulation Vin=min. to max., Vout=nom., full load ±0.125 % of Vout

Load Regulation Iout=min. to max., Vin=nom. ±0.25 % of Vout

Ripple and Noise ➅Vin=48V, full load, 5 Hz- 20 MHz BW, Cout=1F

MLCC paralleled with 10F 80 100 mV pk-pk

Temperature Coefﬁ cient At all outputs 0.02 % of Vout./°C

Maximum Capacitive Loading Full resistive load, low ESR 0 4,700 F

MECHANICAL (Through Hole Models)

Outline Dimensions (no baseplate) C59 case 2.3x1.45x0.49 max. Inches

(Please refer to outline drawing) LxWxH 58.4x36.8x12.45 mm

Outline Dimensions (with baseplate) 2.3x1.45x0.5 Inches

58.4x36.8x12.7 mm

Weight No baseplate 1.51 Ounces

No baseplate 47 Grams

With baseplate 2.4 Ounces

With baseplate 68 Grams

Through Hole Pin Diameter 0.04 & 0.062 Inches

1.016 & 1.575 mm

Through Hole Pin Material Copper alloy

TH Pin Plating Metal and Thickness Nickel subplate 100-299 µ-inches

Gold overplate 3.9-19.6 µ-inches

Baseplate Material Aluminum

ENVIRONMENTAL

Operating Ambient Temperature Range See derating curves -40 85 °C

Operating Case Temperature No derating required -40 110 °C

Storage Temperature Vin = Zero (no power) -55 125 °C

Thermal Protection/Shutdown Measured at hotspot 105 110 125 °C

Electromagnetic Interference External ﬁ lter is required

Conducted, EN55022/CISPR22 B Class

Radiated, EN55022/CISPR22 B Class

Relative humidity, non-condensing To +85°C 10 90 %RH

Altitude must derate -1%/1000 feet -500 10,000 feet

-152 3048 meters

Acceleration 50 g

Shock Halfsine wave, 3 axes 1 g

Sinusoidal Vibration GR-63-Core, Section 5.4.2

RoHS rating RoHS-6

FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONT.)

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA

Efﬁ ciency vs. Output Current @ +25°C

Efﬁ ciency vs. Output Current @ +60°C Output Voltage vs Load Current at -40°C.

Efﬁ ciency vs. Output Current @ -40°C

3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25

100

= 36 V

= 48 V

= 75 V

Efﬁciency (%)

Iout (Amps)

0102030

100

= 36V

= 48V

= 75V

Efﬁciency (%)

Iout (Amps)

01020

= 36V, 48V, 75V

Output (Volts)

Load (Amps)

0102030

100

= 36V

= 48V

= 75V

Efﬁciency (%)

Iout (Amps)

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 5 of 16

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Notes

➀ Unless otherwise noted, all speciﬁ cations apply over the input voltage range, full temperature

range, nominal output voltage and full output load. General conditions are near sea level altitude,

no base plate installed and natural convection airﬂ ow unless otherwise speciﬁ ed. All models are

tested and speciﬁ ed with external parallel 1 µF and 10 µF multi-layer ceramic output capacitors.

No external input capacitor is used (see Application Notes). All capacitors are low-ESR types wired

close to the converter. These capacitors are necessary for our test equipment and may not be

needed in the user’s application.

➁ Input (back) ripple current is tested and speciﬁ ed over 5 Hz to 20 MHz bandwidth. Input ﬁ ltering is

Cin = 33 µF, Cbus = 220µF and Lbus = 4.7 µH.

➂ All models are stable and regulate to speciﬁ cation under no load.

➃ The Remote On/Off Control is referred to -Vin.

➄ Regulation speciﬁ cations describe the output voltage changes as the line voltage or load current

is varied from its nominal or midpoint value to either extreme. The load step is ±25% of full load

current.

➅ Output Ripple and Noise is measured with Cout = 1µF MLCC paralleled with 10µF tantalum, 20

MHz oscilloscope bandwidth and full resistive load.

➆ The Sense and Trim pins are removed for the “X” model option.

➇ NOTICE—Please use only this customer data sheet as product documentation when laying out your

printed circuit boards and applying this product into your application. Do NOT use other materials as

ofﬁ cial documentation such as advertisements, product announcements, or website graphics.

We strive to have all technical data in this customer data sheet highly accurate and complete. This cus-

tomer data sheet is revision-controlled and dated. The latest customer data sheet revision is normally

on our website (www.murata-ps.com) for products which are fully released to Manufacturing. Please be

especially careful using any data sheets labeled “Preliminary” since data may change without notice.

The pinout (Pxx) and case (Cxx) designations (typically P65 or C59) refer to a generic family of

closely related information. It may not be a single pinout or unique case outline. Please be aware

of small details (such as Sense pins, Power Good pins, etc.) or slightly different dimensions

(baseplates, heat sinks, etc.) which may affect your application and PC board layouts. Study the

Mechanical Outline drawings, Input/Output Connection table and all footnotes very carefully.

Please contact Murata Power Solutions if you have any questions.

➈ HPQ restart delay (see technical notes, page 12).

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA

Maximum Current Temperature Derating vs. Airﬂ ow (Vin=Vnom., airﬂ ow direction is

from -Vin to +Vin, with baseplate, at sea level)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85

Output Current (Amps)

Ambient Temperature

(°C)

0.5 m/s (100 LFM)

1.0 m/s (200 LFM)

1.5 m/s (300 LFM)

2.0 m/s (400 LFM)

Maximum Current Temperature Derating vs. Airﬂ ow (Vin=Vnom., airﬂ ow direction is

from Vin to Vout, no baseplate, at sea level)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85

0.5 m/s (100 LFM)

1.0 m/s (200 LFM)

1.5 m/s (300 LFM)

2.0 m/s (400 LFM)

Output Current (Amps)

Ambient Temperature

(°C)

Output Voltage vs Load Current at +60°C. Output Voltage vs Load Current at +25°C.

01020

= 36V, 48V, 75V

Output (Volts)

Load (Amps)

01020

= 36V, 48V, 75V

Output (Volts)

Load (Amps)

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 6 of 16

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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA

Max = 81A, Period = 1.180s, Pulse width = 6.4ms

Step Load Transient Response (Vin = 48V, Cload = 1F ceramic and 10F tantalum,

Iout = 50-75-50% lmax, Slew = 0.1A/Sec., Ta = +25°C)

Power On Startup Delay Output

(Vin = 0 to 48V, Iout = 0A, Cload = 0, Ta = +25°C)

Output Short Circuit Hiccup

(Vin = Nom., Iout = Imax, Cload = 0, Ta = +25°C)

Power On Startup Delay Output

(Vin = 0 to 48V, Iout = 25A, Cload = 0, Ta = +25°C)

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA

Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=48V, Iout=0A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)

Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=75V, Iout=0A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)

Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=48V, Iout=25A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)

Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=75V, Iout=25A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)

Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=36V, Iout=25A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)Output Ripple and Noise (Vin=36V, Iout=0A, Cload=0, Ta=+25˚C., ScopeBW=20MHz)

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE DATA

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 9 of 16

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HPQ Restart Delay (See Speciﬁ cation Note 9)

When the HPQ undergoes shutdown through loss or cycling of the input power,

a 555 timer enable block circuit is triggered to provide a restart delay to assure

systematic restart of the converter. The delay time is a function both of the

recovery time of the input voltage and the 555 reset time.

Thus, there are two distinct scenarios for the restart delay, which are detailed

below.

Scenario I: Vin recovers quickly.

When the input voltage recovers quickly, the VCC for the 555 timer remains

active to lockout the output for the programmed delay time. The delay time in

this scenario is then equal to the 555 hiccup recovery time. This is internally

set to a nominal value of 3s. This is illustrated in the scope shot below:

Vin (20V per division), Vout (5V per division) at 500ms (1/2 S per division).

Scenario II: Vin recovers after more than 2.5s (restart delay time less than

15ms)

When the input voltage is absent greater than 2.5s, the energy for the Vcc to

the 555 timer enable block will be exhausted. Since this is a sufﬁ cient period

to guarantee systematic restart of the converter, the output will start after just

a 15ms delay from the application of input power. This scenario is illustrated in

the scope shot below.

Third Angle Projection

Dimensions are in inches (mm shown for ref. only).

Components are shown for reference only.

Tolerances (unless otherwise speciﬁed):

.XX ± 0.02 (0.5)

.XXX ± 0.010 (0.25)

Angles ± 2˚

➀ M3 bolts must not exceed 0.118˝ (3mm) depth below the baseplate surface.

➁ Applied screw torque must not exceed 5.3 in-lb. (0.6 N-m).

The standard 0.180˝ pin length is shown. Please refer to the part number structure

for alternate pin lengths.

LABEL

0.600

15.24

0.300

7.62

0.600

15.24

2.30

58.4

1.45

36.8

0.600

15.24

0.300

7.62

0.600

15.24

2.000

50.80

0.49 Max

12.4

0.165

4.20

0.005 minimum clearance

between standos and

highest component

PINS 1-3,5-7:

φ0.040±0.001(1.016±0.025)

PINS 4,8:

φ0.062±0.001(1.575±0.025)

2.000

50.80

0.50

12.7

PINS 1-3,5-7:

φ0.040±0.001(1.016±0.025)

PINS 4,8:

φ0.062±0.001(1.575±0.025)

0.005 minimum clearance

between standos and

highest component

2.210

56.13

1.360

34.54

LABEL

1.860 ±0.008

47.24 ±0.20

1.030 ±0.008

26.16 ±0.20

1.45

36.8

2.30

58.4

0.180

4.6

M3 THREADED INSERT

4 PLACES SEE NOTE 1&2

BOTTOM PIN SIDE VIEW BOTTOM PIN SIDE VIEW

SIDE VIEW

Case C59

TOP VIEW

NO BASEPLATE

TOP VIEW

WITH BASEPLATE

DOSA-Compatible I/O Connections (pin side view)

Pin Function P32 Pin Function P32

1 Pos. Vin 5 Neg. Sense*

2 Remote On/Off Control 6 Trim*

3 Neg. Vin 7 Pos. Sense*

4 Neg. Output 8 Pos. Output

* The Sense and Trim pins are removed for the “X” model option.

MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS (THROUGH-HOLE MOUNT)—DOSA COMPLIANT

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

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Each static dissipative polyethylene

foam tray accommodates

15 converters in a 3 x 5 array.

9.92

(251.97)

REF

9.92

(251.97)

REF

0.88 (22.35)

REF

Carton accommodates two (2) trays yielding 30 converters per carton

10.50 (266.7) ±.25

11.00 (279.4) ±.25

2.75 (69.85) ±.25

closed height

STANDARD PACKAGING

Third Angle Projection

Dimensions are in inches (mm) shown for ref. only.

Tolerances (unless otherwise speciﬁed):

.XX ± 0.02 (0.5)

.XXX ± 0.010 (0.25)

Angles ± 2˚

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

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Input Fusing

Certain applications and/or safety agencies may require fuses at the inputs of

power conversion components. Fuses should also be used when there is the

possibility of sustained input voltage reversal which is not current-limited. For

greatest safety, we recommend a fast blow fuse installed in the ungrounded

input supply line.

The installer must observe all relevant safety standards and regulations. For

safety agency approvals, install the converter in compliance with the end-user

safety standard.

Input Reverse-Polarity Protection

If the input voltage polarity is reversed, body diodes of mosfets will become

forward biased and likely draw excessive current from the power source. If this

source is not current-limited or the circuit appropriately fused, it could cause

permanent damage to the converter.

Input Under-Voltage Shutdown and Start-Up Threshold

Under normal start-up conditions, converters will not begin to regulate properly

until the rising input voltage exceeds and remains at the Start-Up Threshold

Voltage (see Speciﬁ cations). Once operating, converters will not turn off until

the input voltage drops below the Under-Voltage Shutdown Limit. Subsequent

restart will not occur until the input voltage rises again above the Start-Up

Threshold. This built-in hysteresis prevents any unstable on/off operation at a

single input voltage.

Users should be aware however of input sources near the Under-Voltage Shut-

down whose voltage decays as input current is consumed (such as capacitor

inputs), the converter shuts off and then restarts as the external capacitor re-

charges. Such situations could oscillate. To prevent this, make sure the operating

input voltage is well above the UV Shutdown voltage AT ALL TIMES.

Start-Up Delay

Assuming that the output current is set at the rated maximum, the Vin to Vout Start-

Up Delay (see Speciﬁ cations) is the time interval between the point when the rising

input voltage crosses the Start-Up Threshold and the fully loaded regulated output

voltage enters and remains within its speciﬁ ed regulation band. Actual measured

times will vary with input source impedance, external input capacitance, input volt-

age slew rate and ﬁ nal value of the input voltage as it appears at the converter.

These converters include a soft start circuit to moderate the duty cycle of the

PWM controller at power up, thereby limiting the input inrush current.

The On/Off Remote Control interval from inception to VOUT regulated assumes that

the converter already has its input voltage stabilized above the Start-Up Threshold

before the On command. The interval is measured from the On command until the

output enters 90% of its speciﬁ ed regulation band. The speciﬁ cation assumes that

the output is fully loaded at maximum rated current.

Input Source Impedance

These converters will operate to speciﬁ cations without external components,

assuming that the source voltage has very low impedance and reasonable in-

put voltage regulation. Since real-world voltage sources have ﬁ nite impedance,

performance is improved by adding external ﬁ lter components. Sometimes only

a small ceramic capacitor is sufﬁ cient. Since it is difﬁ cult to totally characterize

all applications, some experimentation may be needed. Note that external input

capacitors must accept high speed switching currents.

TECHNICAL NOTES Because of the switching nature of DC/DC converters, the input of these

converters must be driven from a source with both low AC impedance and

adequate DC input regulation. Performance will degrade with increasing input

inductance. Excessive input inductance may inhibit operation. The DC input

regulation speciﬁ es that the input voltage, once operating, must never degrade

below the Shut-Down Threshold under all load conditions. Be sure to use

adequate trace sizes and mount components close to the converter.

I/O Filtering, Input Ripple Current and Output Noise

All models in this converter series are tested and speciﬁ ed for input reﬂ ected

ripple current and output noise using designated external input/output compo-

nents, circuits and layout as shown in the ﬁ gures below. External input capaci-

tors (CIN in the ﬁ gure) serve primarily as energy storage elements, minimizing

line voltage variations caused by transient IR drops in the input conductors.

Users should select input capacitors for bulk capacitance (at appropriate

frequencies), low ESR and high RMS ripple current ratings. In the ﬁ gure below,

the CBUS and LBUS components simulate a typical DC voltage bus. Your speciﬁ c

system conﬁ guration may require additional considerations. Please note that the

values of CIN, LBUS and CBUS may vary according to the speciﬁ c converter model.

In critical applications, output ripple and noise (also referred to as periodic and

random deviations or PARD) may be reduced by adding ﬁ lter elements such as

multiple external capacitors. Be sure to calculate component temperature rise

from reﬂ ected AC current dissipated inside capacitor ESR.

Floating Outputs

Since these are isolated DC/DC converters, their outputs are “ﬂ oating” with

respect to their input. The essential feature of such isolation is ideal ZERO

CURRENT FLOW between input and output. Real-world converters however do

exhibit tiny leakage currents between input and output (see Speciﬁ cations).

These leakages consist of both an AC stray capacitance coupling component

and a DC leakage resistance. When using the isolation feature, do not allow

the isolation voltage to exceed speciﬁ cations. Otherwise the converter may

be damaged. Designers will normally use the negative output (-Output) as

the ground return of the load circuit. You can however use the positive output

(+Output) as the ground return to effectively reverse the output polarity.

Minimum Output Loading Requirements

These converters employ a synchronous rectiﬁ er design topology. All models

regulate within speciﬁ cation and are stable under no load to full load conditions.

BUS

= 33µF, ESR < 200mΩ @ 100kHz

BUS

= 220µF, 100V

BUS

= 4.7µH

+VIN

−VIN

CURRENT

PROBE

OSCILLOSCOPE

–

Figure 2. Measuring Input Ripple Current

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 13 of 16

www.murata-ps.com/support

Thermal Shutdown

To protect against thermal over-stress, these converters include thermal shut-

down circuitry. If environmental conditions cause the temperature of the DC/

DC’s to rise above the Operating Temperature Range up to the shutdown tem-

perature, an on-board electronic temperature sensor will power down the unit.

When the temperature decreases below the turn-on threshold, the converter

will automatically restart. There is a small amount of hysteresis to prevent

rapid on/off cycling. CAUTION: If you operate too close to the thermal limits, the

converter may shut down suddenly without warning. Be sure to thoroughly test

your application to avoid unplanned thermal shutdown.

Temperature Derating Curves

The graphs in this data sheet illustrate typical operation under a variety of condi-

tions. The Derating curves show the maximum continuous ambient air temperature

and decreasing maximum output current which is acceptable under increasing

forced airﬂ ow measured in Linear Feet per Minute (“LFM”). Note that these are

AVERAGE measurements. The converter will accept brief increases in temperature

and/or current or reduced airﬂ ow as long as the average is not exceeded.

Note that the temperatures are of the ambient airﬂ ow, not the converter itself

which is obviously running at higher temperature than the outside air. Also note

that “natural convection” is deﬁ ned as very low ﬂ ow rates which are not using

fan-forced airﬂ ow. Depending on the application, “natural convection” is usu-

ally about 30-65 LFM but is not equal to still air (0 LFM).

Murata Power Solutions makes Characterization measurements in a closed

cycle wind tunnel with calibrated airﬂ ow. We use both thermocouples and an

infrared camera system to observe thermal performance. As a practical matter,

it is quite difﬁ cult to insert an anemometer to precisely measure airﬂ ow in

most applications. Sometimes it is possible to estimate the effective airﬂ ow if

you thoroughly understand the enclosure geometry, entry/exit oriﬁ ce areas and

the fan ﬂ owrate speciﬁ cations.

CAUTION: If you exceed these Derating guidelines, the converter may have an

unplanned Over Temperature shut down. Also, these graphs are all collected

near Sea Level altitude. Be sure to reduce the derating for higher altitude.

Output Overvoltage Protection (OVP)

This converter monitors its output voltage for an over-voltage condition using

an on-board electronic comparator. The signal is optically coupled to the pri-

mary side PWM controller. If the output exceeds OVP limits, the sensing circuit

will power down the unit, and the output voltage will decrease. After a time-out

period, the PWM will automatically attempt to restart, causing the output volt-

age to ramp up to its rated value. It is not necessary to power down and reset

the converter for this automatic OVP-recovery restart.

If the fault condition persists and the output voltage climbs to excessive levels,

the OVP circuitry will initiate another shutdown cycle. This on/off cycling is

referred to as “hiccup” mode.

Output Fusing

The converter is extensively protected against current, voltage and temperature

extremes. However, your application circuit may need additional protection. In the

extremely unlikely event of output circuit failure, excessive voltage could be applied

to your circuit. Consider using an appropriate external protection.

Output Current Limiting

As soon as the output current increases to approximately its overcurrent limit,

the DC/DC converter will enter a current-limiting mode. The output voltage will

decrease proportionally with increases in output current.

Current limiting inception is deﬁ ned as the point at which full power falls below

the rated tolerance. See the Performance/Functional Speciﬁ cations. Note

particularly that the output current may brieﬂ y rise above its rated value. This

enhances reliability and continued operation of your application. If the output

current is too high, the converter will enter the short circuit condition.

Output Short Circuit Condition

When a converter is in current-limit mode, the output voltage will drop as

the output current demand increases. If the output voltage drops too low, the

magnetically coupled voltage used to develop PWM bias voltage will also drop,

thereby shutting down the PWM controller. Following a time-out period, the

PWM will restart, causing the output voltage to begin rising to its appropriate

value. If the short-circuit condition persists, another shutdown cycle will initi-

ate. This on/off cycling is called “hiccup mode.” The hiccup cycling reduces the

average output current, thereby preventing excessive internal temperatures.

Trimming the Output Voltage (See Speciﬁ cation Note 7)

The Trim input to the converter allows the user to adjust the output voltage over

the rated trim range (please refer to the Speciﬁ cations). In the trim equations

and circuit diagrams that follow, trim adjustments use a single ﬁ xed resistor

connected between the Trim input and either Vout pin. Trimming resistors should

have a low temperature coefﬁ cient (±100 ppm/deg.C or less) and be mounted

close to the converter. Keep leads short. If the trim function is not used, leave

the trim unconnected. With no trim, the converter will exhibit its speciﬁ ed output

voltage accuracy.

There are two CAUTIONs to observe for the Trim input:

CAUTION: To avoid unplanned power down cycles, do not exceed EITHER the

maximum output voltage OR the maximum output power when setting the

trim. If the output voltage is excessive, the OVP circuit may inadvertantly shut

down the converter. If the maximum power is exceeded, the converter may

enter current limiting. If the power is exceeded for an extended period, the

converter may overheat and encounter overtemperature shut down.

Figure 3. Measuring Output Ripple and Noise (PARD)

C1 = 1µF

C2 = 10µF

LOAD 2-3 INCHES (51-76mm) FROM MODULE

C2 R

LOAD

SCOPE

+OUTPUT

−OUTPUT

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 14 of 16

www.murata-ps.com/support

CAUTION: Be careful of external electrical noise. The Trim input is a senstive

input to the converter’s feedback control loop. Excessive electrical noise may

cause instability or oscillation. Keep external connections short to the Trim

input. Use shielding if needed.

Trim Equations

Where Vout = Desired output voltage. Adjustment accuracy is subject to resis-

tor tolerances and factory-adjusted output accuracy. Mount trim resistor close

to converter. Use short leads. Note that “∆” is given as a small fraction, not a

percentage.

Remote On/Off Control

On the input side, a remote On/Off Control can be speciﬁ ed with either positive

or negative logic as follows:

Positive: Models equipped with Positive Logic are enabled when the On/Off pin

is left open or is pulled high to +13.5VDC with respect to –VIN. An internal bias

current causes the open pin to rise to +VIN. Positive-logic devices are disabled

when the On/Off is grounded or brought to within a low voltage (see Speciﬁ ca-

tions) with respect to –VIN.

On positive-logic models, to reduce noise coupling on the external on/off

control, use the circuit shown in ﬁ gure 6.

Negative: Models with negative logic are on (enabled) when the On/Off is

grounded or brought to within a low voltage (see Speciﬁ cations) with respect to

–VIN. The device is off (disabled) when the On/Off is left open or is pulled high

to +13.5VDC Max. with respect to –VIN.

Dynamic control of the On/Off function should be able to sink the speciﬁ ed

signal current when brought low and withstand speciﬁ ed voltage when brought

high. Be aware too that there is a ﬁ nite time in milliseconds (see Speciﬁ cations)

between the time of On/Off Control activation and stable, regulated output. This

time will vary slightly with output load type and current and input conditions.

There are two CAUTIONs for the On/Off Control:

CAUTION: While it is possible to control the On/Off with external logic if you

carefully observe the voltage levels, the preferred circuit is either an open

drain/open collector transistor or a relay (which can thereupon be controlled

by logic). The On/Off prefers to be set at approx. +13.5V (open pin) for the ON

state, assuming positive logic.

CAUTION: Do not apply voltages to the On/Off pin when there is no input power

voltage. Otherwise the converter may be permanently damaged.

Figure 4. Trim adjustments to Increase Output Voltage using a Fixed Resistor

LOAD

RTRIM UP

+VOUT

+SENSE

TRIM

-SENSE

–VOUT

+VIN

ON/OFF

CONTROL

–VIN

Figure 5. Trim adjustments to Decrease Output Voltage using a Fixed Resistor

+VOUT

+SENSE

TRIM

-SENSE

–VOUT

+VIN

ON/OFF

CONTROL

–VIN

LOAD

RTRIM DOWN

Figure 7. Driving the On/Off Control Pin (suggested circuit)

ON/OFF

CONTROL

-VIN

+VCC

Figure 6. On/Off Control Filter

ON/OFF

-INPUT

316 K

47 K 0.1 F

2.5V CIRCUIT

+INPUT

Radj_up (in kΩ) = 5.11 x - - 2

12V x (1+∆) 1

∆

1.225 x ∆

where ∆ = 12V -Vout

12V

Radj_down (in kΩ) = 5.11 x - 2

∆

where ∆ = Vout -12V

12V

[

]

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 15 of 16

www.murata-ps.com/support

Remote Sense Input (See Speciﬁ cation Note 7)

Sense inputs compensate for output voltage inaccuracy delivered at the load.

This is done by correcting voltage drops along the output wiring such as mod-

erate IR drops and the current carrying capacity of PC board etch. Sense inputs

also improve the stability of the converter and load system by optimizing the

control loop phase margin.

Note: The Sense input and power Vout lines are internally connected through

low value resistors to their respective polarities so that the converter can

operate without external connection to the Sense. Nevertheless, if the Sense

function is not used for remote regulation, the user should connect +Sense to

+Vout and –Sense to –Vout at the converter pins.

The remote Sense lines carry very little current. They are also capacitively

coupled to the output lines and therefore are in the feedback control loop to

regulate and stabilize the output. As such, they are not low impedance inputs

and must be treated with care in PC board layouts. Sense lines on the PCB

should run adjacent to DC signals, preferably Ground. In cables and discrete

wiring, use twisted pair, shielded tubing or similar techniques

Please observe Sense inputs tolerance to avoid improper operation:

[Vout(+) –Vout(-)] – [ Sense(+) – Sense(-)] ≤ 10% of Vout

Output overvoltage protection is monitored at the output voltage pin, not the

Sense pin. Therefore excessive voltage differences between Vout and Sense

together with trim adjustment of the output can cause the overvoltage protec-

tion circuit to activate and shut down the output.

Power derating of the converter is based on the combination of maximum

output current and the highest output voltage. Therefore the designer must

ensure:

(Vout at pins) x (Iout) ≤ (Max. rated output power)

Figure 8. Remote Sense Circuit Conﬁ guration

LOAD

Contact and PCB resistance

losses due to IR drops

Contact and PCB resistance

losses due to IR drops

+VOUT

+SENSE

TRIM

-SENSE

–VOUT

+VIN

ON/OFF

CONTROL

–VIN

Sense Current

IOUT

Sense Return

IOUT Return

Figure 9. Vertical Wind Tunnel

Vertical Wind Tunnel

Murata Power Solutions employs a computer controlled

custom-designed closed loop vertical wind tunnel, infrared

video camera system, and test instrumentation for accurate

airﬂ ow and heat dissipation analysis of power products.

The system includes a precision low ﬂ ow-rate anemometer,

variable speed fan, power supply input and load controls,

temperature gauges, and adjustable heating element.

The IR camera monitors the thermal performance of the

Unit Under Test (UUT) under static steady-state conditions. A

special optical port is used which is transparent to infrared

wavelengths.

Both through-hole and surface mount converters are sol-

dered down to a 10˝ X10˝ host carrier board for realistic heat

absorption and spreading. Both longitudinal and transverse

airﬂ ow studies are possible by rotation of this carrier board

since there are often signiﬁ cant differences in the heat

dissipation in the two airﬂ ow directions. The combination of

adjustable airﬂ ow, adjustable ambient heat, and adjustable

Input/Output currents and voltages mean that a very wide

range of measurement conditions can be studied.

The collimator reduces the amount of turbulence adjacent to

the UUT by minimizing airﬂ ow turbulence. Such turbulence

inﬂ uences the effective heat transfer characteristics and

gives false readings. Excess turbulence removes more heat

from some surfaces and less heat from others, possibly

causing uneven overheating.

Both sides of the UUT are studied since there are different ther-

mal gradients on each side. The adjustable heating element and

fan, built-in temperature gauges, and no-contact IR camera mean that

power supplies are tested in real-world conditions.

HPQ-12/25-D48 Series

Isolated 300-Watt Quarter Brick DC-DC Converters

MDC_HPQ-12/25-D48 Series.B06 Page 16 of 16

www.murata-ps.com/support

Murata Power Solutions, Inc. makes no representation that the use of its products in the circuits described herein, or the use of other

technical information contained herein, will not infringe upon existing or future patent rights. The descriptions contained herein do not imply

the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment constructed in accordance therewith. Speciﬁ cations are subject to change without

Murata Power Solutions, Inc.

11 Cabot Boulevard, Mansﬁ eld, MA 02048-1151 U.S.A.

ISO 9001 and 14001 REGISTERED

This product is subject to the following operating requirements

and the Life and Safety Critical Application Sales Policy:

Refer to: http://www.murata-ps.com/requirements/

Soldering Guidelines

Murata Power Solutions recommends the speciﬁ cations below when installing these converters. These speciﬁ cations vary depending on the solder type. Exceeding these speciﬁ ca-

tions may cause damage to the product. Your production environment may differ; therefore please thoroughly review these guidelines with your process engineers.

Wave Solder Operations for through-hole mounted products (THMT)

For Sn/Ag/Cu based solders: For Sn/Pb based solders:

Maximum Preheat Temperature 115° C. Maximum Preheat Temperature 105° C.

Maximum Pot Temperature 270° C. Maximum Pot Temperature 250° C.

Maximum Solder Dwell Time 7 seconds Maximum Solder Dwell Time 6 seconds