PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN General Description Features The AAT3693 BatteryManager is a highly integrated single-cell lithium-ion/polymer (Li-Ion) battery charger which operates from a USB port, or an AC adapter input up to 7.5V input voltage. The AAT3693 precisely regulates battery charge voltage and current for 4.2V Li-Ion battery cells. The battery charging current can be set by an external resistor up to 1.6A. Digital Thermal Loop Control maintains the maximum possible battery charging current for the given set of input to output power dissipation and ambient temperature conditions. * * * * Battery charge state is continuously monitored for fault conditions. In the event of an over-current, over-voltage, short-circuit, or over-temperature condition, the device will shut down automatically, thus protecting the charging device, control system, and the battery under charge. A status monitor output pin is provided to indicate the battery charge status by directly driving an external LED. An open-drain power source detection output is provided to report the power supply status. With the "No-Battery Detection" circuit integrated, the status LEDs indicate that the battery is not present or not properly installed. The AAT3693 is available in the Pb-free, thermally enhanced, space-saving 2.2x2.2mm 10-pin TDFN packages and is specified for operation over the -40C to +85C temperature range. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * USB or AC Adapter System Power Charger Programmable from 100mA to 1.6A max 4.0V ~ 7.5V Input Voltage Range High Level of Integration with Internal: Charging Device Reverse Blocking Diode Current Sensing Digitized Thermal Regulation Charge Current Programming (ISET) Charge Termination Current Programming (TERM) Charge Timer (CT) Battery Temperature Sensing (TS) No-Battery Detection TS Pin Open Detection Automatic Recharge Sequencing Full Battery Charge Auto Turn Off/Sleep Mode/Charge Termination Shutdown Current < 6A Automatic Trickle Charge for Battery Preconditioning Over-Voltage and Over-Current Protection Emergency Thermal Protection Power On Reset and Soft Start 2.2x2.2 TDFN Package Applications * * * * * * BluetoothTM Headsets Cell Phones Digital Still Cameras MP3 Players Personal Data Assistants (PDAs) Other Li-Ion Battery Powered Devices Typical Application VIN BAT+ VIN BAT AAT3693 CBAT STAT1 STAT2 ON/OFF CT 3693.2009.04.1.1 Temp EN TS CT TERM ISET GND Battery Pack RTERM RSET www.analogictech.com 1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Pin Descriptions Pin # Name Type 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 VIN STAT1 STAT2 EN GND CT ISET I O O I I/O I I 8 TERM I 9 10 EP TS BAT EP I/O O Function Input from USB port/adapter connector. Charge status pin, open-drain. Charge status pin, open-drain. Active high enable pin (with internal pull-down). Connect to power ground. Charge timer programming input pin (no timer if grounded). Charge current programming input pin. Charge termination current programming input pin (internal default 10% termination current if TERM is open). Battery temperature sense pin. Connect to lithium-ion battery. Exposed paddle (bottom): Connect to ground as closely as possible to the device. Pin Configuration TDFN-10 (Top View) VIN STAT1 STAT2 EN GND 2 1 10 2 8 3 EP 8 4 7 5 6 BAT TS TERM ISET CT www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Absolute Maximum Ratings1 Symbol VIN VN TJ TOP TLEAD Description IN continuous BAT, STAT1, STAT2, EN, ISET, TS Junction Temperature Range Operating Temperature Range Maximum Soldering Temperature (at Leads) Value Units -0.3 to 8.0 -0.3 to VIN + 0.3 -40 to 150 -40 to 85 300 V V C C C Value Units 50 2 C/W W Thermal Information2 Symbol JA PD Description Maximum Thermal Resistance Maximum Power Dissipation (TDFN2.2x2.2; TA = 25C) 1. Stresses above those listed in Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Functional operation at conditions other than the operating conditions specified is not implied. Only one Absolute Maximum Rating should be applied at any one time. 2. Mounted on a FR4 board. 3693.2009.04.1.1 www.analogictech.com 3 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Electrical Characteristics VIN = 5V, TA = -40C to +85C, RSET = 1.47K, RTERM = OPEN; unless otherwise noted, typical values are at TA = 25C. Symbol Description Conditions Operation VIN Input Voltage Range Under-Voltage Lockout Threshold VUVLO UVLO Hysteresis IOP Operating Current ISLEEP Sleep Mode Current Leakage Current from BAT Pin ILEAKAGE Voltage Regulation VCO(REG) Constant Output Voltage VCO/VCO Constant Output Voltage Tolerance VMIN Preconditioning Voltage Threshold VRCH Rising Edge 150 0.3 0.4 0.4 4.158 (Option available for no trickle charge) 2.5 Battery Recharge Voltage Threshold Charge Termination Threshold Current VBAT = 3.6V 4.20 0.5 2.6 VBAT_REG - 0.1 100 -10 Constant Current Mode, VBAT = 3.6V RTERM = 13.3k TERM pin open RTERM = 13.3k, ICC 800mA Typ 4.0 3 Charge Current = 100mA VBAT = 4.25V or EN = GND VBAT = 4V, IN Pin Open Current Regulation ICC(RANGE) Charge Current Programmable Range ICC/ICC Constant-Current Mode Charge Current VISET ISET Pin Voltage KI_SET Charge Current Set Factor: ICH_CC/IISET TERM Pin Voltage VTERM ICH_TRK/ICC Trickle Charge Current ICH_TERM/ICC Min 5 5 8 Max Units 7.5 4 V V mV mA A A 1 1 2 4.242 2.9 V 1600 +10 2 800 2 10 10 10 V % V mA % V 15 15 12 V % ICH_CC % ICH_CC % 0.6 Charging Devices RDS(ON) Charging Transistor On-Resistance Logic Control / Protection VEN(H) Input High Threshold VEN(L) Input Low Threshold VSTAT STAT PIN Output Voltage STAT Pin Current Sink Capability ISTAT VOVP Over-Voltage Protection Threshold IOCP Over-Current Protection Threshold TSNOBAT Option for TK TC + TV Option for TK TC + TV Option for TK TC TV VIN = 4.6V, VBAT = 4.0V, Charge Current = 1A 1.6 STAT pin sinks 4mA 4.4 105 (In Constant Voltage Mode) VIN - 50mV TS Voltage Range for No Battery Indication AA, AC, AI, AK1 Trickle Time Out CC + CV Mode Time Out AB, AD, AJ, AK1 No Trickle Charge CC + CV Mode Time Out AE, AG1 Trickle Time Out CC Mode Time Out CV Mode Time Out 0.4 0.4 8 V V V mA V % ICH_CC V CCT = 0.1F, VIN = 5V CCT = 0.1F, VIN = 5V 25 3 Minutes Hours CCT = 0.1F, VIN = 5V 0 3 Minutes Hours CCT = 0.1F, VIN = 5V CCT = 0.1F, VIN = 5V CCT = 0.1F, VIN = 5V 25 1 2 Minutes Hours Hours 1. Only options AA, AB, AI and AJ have been released. 4 www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Electrical Characteristics (continued) VIN = 5V, TA = -40C to +85C, RSET = 1.47K, RTERM = OPEN; unless otherwise noted, typical values are at TA = 25C. Symbol Description Conditions Option for AF, AH1 TK No Trickle Charge TC CC Mode Time Out TV CV Mode Time Out Option for AC, AD, AG, AH, AK, AL, BO, BP1 ITS Current Source from TS Pin VTS1 High Temperature Threshold VTS2 Low Temperature Threshold CCT = 0.1F, VIN = 5V CCT = 0.1F, VIN = 5V Threshold Hysteresis Threshold Hysteresis Option for AA, AB, AE, AF, AI, AJ, BM, BN1 VTS1 High Temperature Threshold VTS2 Low Temperature Threshold TLOOP_IN Thermal Loop Entering Threshold TLOOP_OUT Thermal Loop Exiting Threshold TREG Thermal Loop Regulation TSHDN Min 29.1 58.2 Chip Thermal Shutdown Temperature Threshold Hysteresis Typ Max Units 0 1 2 Minutes Hours Hours 75 331 25 2.39 25 uA mV mV V mV 30 60 115 85 100 140 15 30.9 61.8 %VIN %VIN C C C C C 1. Only options AA, AB, AI and AJ have been released. 3693.2009.04.1.1 www.analogictech.com 5 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Typical Characteristics Charging Current vs. Set Resistor Values Charging Current vs. Battery Voltage 1.8 Constant Charging Current Pre-conditioning Current Charging Current (mA) Charging Current (mA) 10000 1000 100 10 1.6 RSET = 866 RSET = 1.47k RSET = 3.16k RSET = 8.06k 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 0.1 1 10 100 2.5 1000 2.7 2.9 RSET (k ) 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 Battery Voltage (V) Battery Charger Constant Output Voltage Accuracy vs. Input Voltage Battery Charger Constant Output Voltage vs. Temperature (Battery Voltage = 4.2V) 4.22 0.09 4.21 VCO(REG) (V) VCO/VCO (%) 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 4.2 4.19 0.02 0.01 0 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 4.18 -40 7.5 -15 Input Voltage (V) 35 60 85 Preconditioning Voltage Threshold vs. Temperature (RSET = 866) 165 2.7 2.65 163 2.6 VMIN (V) Preconditioning Charge Current (mA) Preconditioning Charge Current vs. Temperature 161 159 2.55 2.5 157 2.45 2.4 155 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 Temperature (C) 6 10 Temperature (C) -40 -15 10 35 60 85 Temperature (C) www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Typical Characteristics Preconditioning Charge Current vs. Input Voltage Battery Recharge Voltage Threshold vs. Temperature 250 200 175 4.12 VRCH (V) ICH_TRK (mA) 4.14 RSET = 0.866K RSET = 1.471K RSET = 3.229K RSET = 8.07K 225 150 125 100 4.10 4.08 75 50 4.06 25 4.04 -40 0 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 -15 Input Voltage (V) Constant Charging Current vs. Input Voltage 35 60 85 Current Source at the TS Pin vs. Temperature (RSET = 0.866k) (for Option AC, AD, AG, AH, AK, AL, BO, BP) 1800 78 1700 76 ITS (A) Constant Charging Current (mA) 10 Temperature (C) 1600 1500 VBAT = 3.3V VBAT = 3.6V VBAT = 3.9V VBAT = 4.1V 1400 74 72 70 68 1300 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 -40 7.5 -15 Input Voltage (V) 10 35 60 85 Temperature (C) (For Option AC, AD, AG, AH, AK, AL, BO, BP) 2.46 2.44 2.42 2.4 2.38 2.36 2.34 2.32 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 High Temperature Threshold, TS1 (V) High Temperature Threshold vs. Temperature (For Option AC, AD, AG, AH, AK, AL, BO, BP) Low Temperature Threshold, TS2 (V) Low Temperature Threshold vs. Temperature Temperature (C) 3693.2009.04.1.1 0.345 0.34 0.335 0.33 0.325 0.32 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 Temperature (C) www.analogictech.com 7 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Typical Characteristics (For Option AA, AB, AE, AF, AI, AJ, BM, BN; VIN = 5V) High Temperature Threshold TS1 (V) High Temperature Threshold vs. Temperature (For Option AA, AB, AE, AF, AI, AJ, BM, BN; VIN = 5V) Low Temperature Threshold TS2 (V) Low Temperature Threshold vs. Temperature 3.02 3.01 3 2.99 2.98 2.97 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 1.52 1.51 1.5 1.49 1.48 1.47 -40 -15 10 Temperature (C) 60 85 Temperature (C) Operating Current vs. ISET Resistor Shutdown Current vs. Input Voltage 1.6 3.0 Constant Charging Current Pre-conditioning Current 2.5 85C 25C -40C 1.4 1.2 2.0 ISHDN (A) Operating Current (mA) 35 1.5 1.0 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.2 0 0.0 0.1 1 10 100 4.0 1000 4.5 5.0 RSET (k ) 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 Input Voltage (V) Counter Timeout vs. Temperature CT Pin Capacitance vs. Counter Timeout (CT = 0.1F) 1.0 0.9 Capacitance (F) Counter Timeout (%) 0.10 0.05 0.00 -0.05 0.8 0.7 Preconditioning Timeout 0.6 0.5 0.4 Preconditioning + Constant Current Timeout or Constant Voltage Timeout 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.10 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 0.0 Temperature (C) 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 Time (hours) www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Typical Characteristics Termination Current to Constant Current Ratio (%) vs. Termination Resistance Charging Transistor On Resistance vs. Input Voltage 50% 600 85C 25C -40C 550 500 RDS(ON) () ICH_TERM/ICC (%) 40% 30% 20% 450 400 350 300 10% 250 200 0% 0 10 20 30 40 50 3.6 60 3.9 4.2 ITERM Resistance (k) Input High Threshold vs. Input Voltage 4.8 5.1 Input Low Threshold vs. Input Voltage 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 1 VEN(L) (V) VEN(H) (V) 4.5 Input Voltage (V) 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 0.7 7.5 0.4 Input Voltage (V) 3693.2009.04.1.1 85C 25C -40C 0.5 0.6 4.0 0.8 0.6 85C 25C -40C 0.7 0.9 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 Input Voltage (V) www.analogictech.com 9 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Functional Block Diagram Reverse Blocking IN BAT Current Comparator CV/ Pre-charge TERM UVLO Constant Current ISET Charge Control Over-Temp. Protect EN Battery OV Protection TS CT Thermal Loop Watchdog Timer Charge Status STAT1 STAT2 GND Functional Description The AAT3693 is a high performance battery charger designed to charge single-cell lithium-ion or lithiumpolymer batteries with up to 1.6A of current from an external power source. It is a stand-alone charging solution, with just one external component required for complete functionality. for a given constant current charge level, the charge control will enter into thermal limit. The AAT3693 provides two status monitor output pins (STAT1 and STAT2) which directly drive two external LEDs to indicate the battery charging state. With nobattery detection and status indication, the user can be notified if battery is not inserted properly. The AAT3693 precisely regulates battery charge voltage and current for 4.2V lithium-ion/polymer battery cells with constant current level being programmed up to 1.6A for rapid charging applications. The charge termination current can be programmed by an external resistor. Device junction temperature and charge state are fully monitored for fault conditions. In the event of an overvoltage or over-temperature failure, the device will automatically shut down, protecting the charging device, control system, and the battery under charge. The AAT3693 is rated for operation from -40C to +85C. In the event of operating ambient temperatures exceeding the power dissipation abilities of the device package During battery charging, the device temperature will rise. In some cases with adapter charging, the power dissipation in the device may cause the junction temperature to rise closer to its thermal shutdown threshold. 10 www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN In the event of an internal over-temperature condition caused by excessive ambient operating temperature or excessive power dissipation condition, the AAT3693 enables a digitally controlled thermal loop system that will reduce the charging current to prevent the device from thermal shutdown. The digital thermal loop will maintain the maximum possible battery charging current for the given set of input to output power dissipation and ambient temperature conditions. The digital thermal loop control is dynamic in the sense that it will continue to adjust the battery charging current as operating conditions change. The digital thermal loop will reset and resume normal operation when the power dissipation or over temperature conditions are removed. Charging Operation Figure 1 illustrates the entire battery charging profile or operation, which consists of four phases: 1. 2. 3. 4. Preconditioning (Trickle) Charge Constant Current Charge Constant Voltage Charge Automatic Recharge Constant Current Charging Battery cell preconditioning continues until the battery voltage reaches the preconditioning voltage threshold, VMIN. At this point, the AAT3693 begins constant current charging. The current level for this mode is programmed using a single resistor from the ISET pin to ground. Programmed current can be set from a minimum of 100mA up to a maximum of 1.6A Constant Voltage Charging Battery Preconditioning Battery charging commences only after the AAT3693 checks several conditions in order to maintain a safe charging environment. The input supply must be above the minimum operating voltage (VUVLO) and the enable pin must be high. Preconditioning Trickle Charge Phase When the battery is connected to the BAT pin, the AAT3693 checks the condition of the battery and determines which charging mode to apply. If the battery voltage is below the preconditioning voltage threshold, VMIN, then the AAT3693 begins preconditioning the battery cell (trickle charging) by charging at 10% of the programmed constant current. For example, if the programmed current is 500mA, then the preconditioning mode (trickle charge) current is 50mA. Battery cell preconditioning (trickle charging) is a safety precaution for deeply discharged cells and will also reduce the power dissipation in the internal series pass MOSFET when the input-output voltage differential is at the greatest potential. Constant Current Charge Phase Constant current charging will continue until the battery voltage reaches the constant output voltage (end of charge) voltage regulation point, VCO(REG). When the battery voltage reaches VCO(REG), the AAT3693 will transition to constant voltage mode. The regulation voltage is factory programmed to a nominal 4.2V and will continue charging until the charge termination current is reached. Constant Voltage Charge Phase Battery Discharge Constant Voltage Charge Phase Charge Complete Voltage Battery Recharge Voltage Threshold I = Max CC Regulated Current Constant Current Mode Voltage Threshold Trickle Charge and Termination Threshold I = CC / 10 Figure 1: Current vs. Voltage Profile During Charging Phases. 3693.2009.04.1.1 www.analogictech.com 11 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN System Operation Flowchart Power On Reset No Shut Down Enable Yes No No Charge Suspended Power Input Voltage VIN > VUVLO Power Input Voltage V IN > VUVLO And EN=High Enable Yes Yes Yes Charge Timer Counter Yes Fault Conditions Monitoring OV , OT, VTS1 < TS < VTS2 No Preconditioning Test VMIN > VBAT No Yes Expired Shut Down Preconditioning (Trickle Charge) Thermal Loop Thermal Loop Current Current Reduction Reduction ininADP C.C. ModeMode Charging No Yes Recharge Test VBAT < VRCH Yes Current Phase Test VCO > VBAT Yes Constant Current Charge Mode No Device Thermal Loop Monitor TJ > 115C No Voltage Phase Test ICHARGE > ICH_TERM Yes Constant Voltage Charge Mode No Reset Charge Completed 12 www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Application Information Constant Charging Current (mA) Set Resistor Value (k) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1250 1600 16.5 8.06 5.36 4.02 3.16 2.67 2.26 1.87 1.78 1.47 1.18 0.866 Adapter or USB Power Input Constant current charge levels up to 1.6A may be programmed by the user when powered from a sufficient input power source. The AAT3693 will operate from the adapter input over a 4.0V to 7.5V range. The constant current mode fast charge current for the adapter input is set by the RSET resistor connected between ISET and ground. Refer to Table 1 for recommended RSET values for a desired constant current charge level; values are rounded off to 1% standard resistance values. Automatic Recharge Table 1: Constant Charging Current vs. RSET. Enable / Disable The AAT3693 provides an enable function to control the charger IC on and off. The enable (EN) pin is internally pulled down. When pulled to a logic high level, the AAT3693 is enabled. When left open or pulled to a logic low level, the AAT3693 will be shut down. Charging will be halted regardless of the battery voltage or charging state. When the device is re-enabled, the charge control circuit will automatically reset and resume charging functions with the appropriate charging mode based on the battery charge state and measured cell voltage on the BAT pin. Programming Charge Current The constant current mode charge level is user programmed with a set resistor placed between the ISET pin and ground. The accuracy of the constant charge current, as well as the preconditioning trickle charge current, is dominated by the tolerance of the set resistor used. For this reason, a 1% tolerance metal film resistor is recommended for the set resistor function. The constant charge current levels from 100mA to 1.6A may be set by selecting the appropriate resistor value from Table 1. 3693.2009.04.1.1 10000 Charging Current (mA) The AAT3693 has a UVLO and power on reset feature so that if the input supply to the VIN pin drops below the UVLO threshold, the charger will suspend charging and shut down. When power is reapplied to the IN pin or the UVLO condition recovers, the system charge control will assess the state of charge on the battery cell and will automatically resume charging in the appropriate mode for the condition of the battery. Constant Charging Current Pre-conditioning Current 1000 100 10 1 0.1 1 10 100 1000 RSET (k ) Figure 2: Charging Current vs. RSET Values. Programmable Charge Termination Current The AAT3693 provides a user-programmable charge termination current at the end of the charge cycle. When the battery cell voltage as sensed by the BAT pin reaches 4.2V, the charge control will transition from constant current fast charge mode to constant voltage mode. In constant voltage mode, the battery cell voltage will be regulated at 4.2V. The charge current will drop as the battery reaches its full charge capacity. When the charge current drops to the programmed end of charge VCO(REG) current, the charge cycle is complete and the charge controller terminates the charging process. If the TERM pin is left open, the termination current will set to 10% of the constant charging current as the default value. www.analogictech.com 13 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN The charge termination current ICH_TERM can be programmed by connecting a resistor from TERM to GND. Use the values listed in Table 2 to set the desired charge termination current. RTERM (K) ICH_TERM (%) 6.65 13.3 26.7 40.2 53.6 5% 10% 20% 30% 40% ICH_TERM = 15A * RTERM * ICC 2V When the charge current drops to the programmed charge termination current level in the constant voltage mode, the device terminates charging and goes into a sleep state. The charger will remain in this sleep state until the battery voltage decreases to a level below the battery recharge voltage threshold (VRCH). Table 2: Charge Termination Current Programming Resistor Values. In such cases where the AAT3693 input voltage drops, the device will enter sleep state and automatically resume charging once the input supply has recovered from the fault condition. Consuming very low current in sleep state, the AAT3693 minimizes battery drain when it is not charging. This feature is particularly useful in applications where the input supply level may fall below the battery charge or under-voltage lockout level. 50% 40% ICH_TERM (%) If the desired end of charge termination current level is not listed in Table 2, the TERM resistor value may be calculated by the following equation: 30% 20% 10% Charge Status Outputs 0% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 RTERM (k ) Figure 3: Charge Termination Current vs. RTERM. The AAT3693 provides battery charge status via two status pins. These pins are internally connected to an N-channel open-drain MOSFET, which can be used drive external LEDs. The status pins can indicate the following conditions. All Options Options AA, AB, AE, AF, AI, AJ, BM and BN Options AC, AD, AG, AH, AK, AL, BO and BP Event Description STAT1 STAT2 Type 1 STAT2 Type 2 No Battery (with Charge Enabled) Battery Charging Charge Complete Fault Condition Flash Low High High Flash High Low High Flash High High Low Table 3: LED Status Indicator (STATx Pulled Up to a Voltage Source with Resistors and LED). Note: Low = LED ON; High = LED OFF 14 www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN The AAT3693 has a battery fault detector, which, when used in conjunction with a 0.1F capacitor on the CT pin, outputs a 1Hz signal with 50% duty cycle at the STAT1 pin in the event of a timeout while in the trickle charge mode. Fault condition can be one of the following: * * * * Battery over voltage (OV) Battery temperature sense hot or cold Battery charge timer time-out Chip thermal shutdown If the thermal sensing TS pin is open it will be considered as no battery condition. Please refer to the "Battery Temperature Fault Monitoring" section in order to determine the proper biasing for the TS pin. Programmable Watchdog Timer Status LED Setup The LEDs should be biased with as little current as necessary to create reasonable illumination; therefore, a ballast resistor should be placed between the LED cathode and the STAT pin. 2mA should be sufficient to drive most low-cost green or red LEDs. It is not recommended to exceed 8mA for driving an individual status LED. The required ballast resistor values can be estimated using the following formula: RBALLAST = remain ON because the brief OFF phase of the cycle is so short that the human eye cannot perceive it. (VIN - VFLED) ILED The AAT3693 contains a watchdog timing circuit to shut down charging functions in the event of a defective battery cell not accepting a charge over a preset period of time. Typically, a 0.1F ceramic capacitor is connected between the CT pin and ground. When a 0.1F ceramic capacitor is used, the device will time out a shutdown condition if the trickle charge mode exceeds 25 minutes. The time out timer will reset at start of the constant current mode setting the time out to 1 hour (default). When the device transitions to the constant voltage mode, the timing counter is reset and will time out after an additional 2 hours if the charge current does not drop to the charge termination level for options AE, AF, AG, AH, BM, BN, BO and BP. For all other options (AA, AB, AC, AD, AI, AJ, AK and AL) the timeout timer does not reset at every charging mode and will time out in 3 hours (default). Example: RBALLAST = (5.0V - 2.0V) = 1.5k 2mA Note: Red LED forward voltage (VF) is typically 2.0V @ 2mA. Timer Time Units Reset Reset Reset 25 1 2 Minute Hour Hour Table 4: Watchdog Timer Time-out Options. Assuming: CT = 0.1F and VIN = 5.0V Protection Circuitry No-Battery Detection After a battery is inserted and the AAT3693 detects the present of the battery, the regular LED reporting indicates the current charging status after 5-6 flashes. If the battery is not detected, the status LEDs flash at a frequency of 1Hz with ~50% duty cycle ratio continuously on all options (AAT3693 AA, AB, ... , BO and BT), except AI and AJ. The no-battery detection circuit is not integrated in the AAT3693 AI or AJ. For these two options, the charger IC treats the output ceramic capacitor as a battery. Since the capacitance of the ceramic capacitor is very small, the charge cycle is shortened and the STAT1 LED stays off for a long time and on for a very short time. Therefore, the STAT1 LED appears to always be OFF. In addition, since the ceramic capacitor's discharge cycle is much longer than its charge cycle, the STAT2 LED appears to 3693.2009.04.1.1 Mode Trickle Charge (TC) Timeout Constant Current (CC) Timeout Constant Voltage (CV) Timeout The CT pin is driven by a constant current source and will provide a linear response to increases in the timing capacitor value. Thus, if the timing capacitor were to be doubled from the nominal 0.1F value, the time-out periods would be doubled. If the programmable watchdog timer function is not needed, it can be disabled by connecting the CT pin to ground. The CT pin should not be left floating or un-terminated, as this will cause errors in the internal timing control circuit. The constant current provided to charge the timing capacitor is very small, and this pin is susceptible to noise and changes in capacitance value. Therefore, the timing capacitor should be physically located on the printed circuit board layout as close as possible to the CT pin. Since the accuracy of the internal timer is dominated by the capacitance value, a 10% tolerance or better ceramic capacitor is recommended. Ceramic capacitor materials, such as X7R and X5R types are a good choice for this application. www.analogictech.com 15 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Battery Over-Voltage Protection An over-voltage event is defined as a condition where the voltage on the BAT pin exceeds the maximum battery charge voltage and is set by the overvoltage protection threshold (VOVP). If an over-voltage condition occurs, the AAT3693 charge control will shut down the device until the voltage on the BAT pin drops below VOVP. The AAT3693 will resume normal charging operation after the overvoltage condition is removed. During an over-voltage event, the STAT1 LED will report a system fault. If the use of the TS pin function is not required by the system, it should be terminated to ground using a 10k resistor. The internal battery temperature sensing system is comprised of two comparators which establish a voltage window for safe operation. For options AA, AB, AE, AF, AI, AJ, BM, and BN, the thresholds for the TS operating window are bounded by the TS1 and TS2 specifications. Referring to the electrical characteristics table in this datasheet, the TS1 threshold = 0.30 * VIN and the TS2 threshold = 0.60 * VIN. Over-Temperature Shutdown VIN The AAT3693 has a thermal protection control circuit which will shut down charging functions should the internal die temperature exceed the preset thermal limit threshold. Once the internal die temperature falls below the thermal limit, normal operation will resume the previous charging state. Battery Temperature Fault Monitoring IN 0.60x V IN Battery Pack Battery Hot Fault In the event of a battery over-temperature condition, the charge control will turn off the internal pass device.. The STAT LEDs will also display a system fault. After the system recovers from a temperature fault, the device will resume charging operation. The AAT3693 checks battery temperature before starting the charge cycle, as well as during all phases of charging. This is accomplished by monitoring the voltage at the TS pin. This system is intended for use with negative temperature coefficient thermistors (NTC) which are typically integrated into the battery package. Most of the commonly used NTC thermistors in battery packs are approximately 10k at room temperature (25C). For options AC, AD, AG, AH, AK, AL, BO, and BP, the TS pin has been specifically designed to source 75A of current to the thermistor. The voltage on the TS pin resulting from the resistive load should stay within a window of 331mV to 2.39V. If the battery becomes too hot during charging due to an internal fault or excessive constant charge current, the thermistor will heat up and reduce in value, pulling the TS pin voltage lower than the TS1 threshold, and the AAT3693 will stop charging until the condition is removed, then charging will be resumed. 16 Battery Cold Fault TS x V IN Battery Temperature Sense Circuit AAT3693-AA, AB, AE, AF, AI, AJ, BM, BN Figure 4: Battery Temperature Sensing Operation. Digital Thermal Loop Control Due to the integrated nature of the linear charging control pass device for the adapter mode, a special thermal loop control system has been employed to maximize charging current under all operation conditions. The thermal management system measures the internal circuit die temperature and reduces the fast charge current when the device exceeds a preset internal temperature control threshold. Once the thermal loop control becomes active, the fast charge current is initially reduced by a factor of 0.44. The initial thermal loop current can be estimated by the following equation: www.analogictech.com ITLOOP = ICC * 0.44 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN The thermal loop control re-evaluates the circuit die temperature every three seconds and adjusts the fast charge current back up in small steps to the full fast charge current level or until an equilibrium current is discovered and maximized for the given ambient temperature condition. The thermal loop controls the system charge level; therefore, the AAT3693 will always provide the highest level of constant current in the fast charge mode possible for any given ambient temperature condition 2.5 2 PD(MAX) (W) BatteryManagerTM 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 25 50 75 100 TA (C) Thermal Considerations The AAT3693 is offered in the TDFN2.2x2.2-10 package, which can provide up to 2W of power dissipation when properly bonded to a printed circuit board and has a maximum thermal resistance of 50C/W. Many considerations should be taken into account when designing the printed circuit board layout, as well as the placement of the charger IC package in proximity to other heat generating devices in a given application design. The ambient temperature around the charger IC will also have an effect on the thermal limits of a battery charging application. The maximum limits that can be expected for a given ambient condition can be estimated by the following discussion. First, the maximum power dissipation for a given situation should be calculated: Figure 5: Maximum Power Dissipation Before Entering Thermal Loop. Next, the power dissipation can be calculated by the following equation: PD = [(VIN - VBAT) * ICC + (VIN * IOP)] Where: PD = Total Power Dissipation by the Device VIN = Input Voltage VBAT = Battery Voltage as Seen at the BAT Pin ICH = Constant Charge Current Programmed for the Application IOP = Quiescent Current Consumed by the Charger IC for Normal Operation [0.3mA] By substitution, we can derive the maximum charge current before reaching the thermal limit condition (thermal loop). The maximum charge current is the key factor when designing battery charger applications. (TJ - TA) PD(MAX) = JA Where: PD(MAX) = Maximum Power Dissipation (W) JA = Package Thermal Resistance (C/W) TJ = Thermal Loop Entering Threshold (C) (115C] TA = Ambient Temperature (C) ICH(MAX) = (PD(MAX) - VIN * IOP) VIN - VBAT (TJ(MAX) - TA) - V * I IN OP JA ICH(MAX) = VIN - VBAT Figure 5 shows the relationship between maximum power dissipation and ambient temperature for the AAT3693. In general, the worst condition is the greatest voltage drop across the charger IC, when battery voltage is charged up to the preconditioning voltage threshold and before entering thermal loop regulation. 3693.2009.04.1.1 www.analogictech.com 17 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Figure 6 shows the maximum charge current at different ambient temperatures. should be used. A larger input capacitor in this application will minimize switching or power transient effects when the power supply is "hot plugged". 1000 ICC_MAX (mA) 800 Output Capacitor TA = 45C TA = 25C 600 400 200 TA = 85C 0 4.25 4.5 4.75 TA = 60C 5 5.25 5.5 5.75 6 6.25 6.5 6.75 7 VIN (V) Figure 6: Maximum Charging Current Before the Digital Thermal Loop Becomes Active. PCB Layout Considerations Capacitor Selection Input Capacitor In general, it is good design practice to place a decoupling capacitor closer to the IC and between the IN pin and GND. An input capacitor in the range of 1F to 22F is recommended. If the source supply is unregulated, it may be necessary to increase the capacitance to keep the input voltage above the under-voltage lockout threshold during device enable and when battery charging is initiated. If the AAT3693 adapter input is used in a system with an external power supply source, such as a typical AC-toDC wall adapter, then a CIN capacitor in the range of 10F 18 The AAT3693 only requires a 1F ceramic capacitor on the BAT pin to maintain circuit stability. This value should be increased to 10F or more if the battery connection is made any distance from the charger output. If the AAT3693 is to be used in applications where the battery can be removed from the charger, such as with desktop charging cradles, an output capacitor greater than 10F may be required to prevent the device from cycling on and off when no battery is present. It is good design practice to place the decoupling capacitor closer to the IC and between the BAT pin and GND. For the best results, it is recommended to physically place the battery pack as close as possible to the AAT3693 BAT pin. To minimize voltage drops on the PCB, keep the high current carrying traces adequately wide. When designing with >500mA charging current system, a multilayer ground plane PCB design is highly recommended. Putting thermal vias on the thermal pad design will effectively transfer heat from the top metal layer of the PCB to the inner or bottom layers. The number of thermal vias will depend on the application and power dissipation. The AAT3693 evaluation board is a layout example for reference. www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Figure 6: AAT3693 Evaluation Board Top Side Layout. Figure 7: AAT3693 Evaluation Board Middle 1 Layer Layout. Figure 8: AAT3693 Evaluation Board Middle 2 Layer Layout. Figure 9: AAT3693 Evaluation Board Bottom Side Layout. 3693.2009.04.1.1 www.analogictech.com 19 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN C1 VIN C2 10F 10F U1 1 D1 (G) R3 1.5k R4 Stat1 D2 (R) 1.5k Stat2 2 3 4 5 EN AAT3693IDH BAT 10 STAT1 TS 9 STAT2 TERM VIN EN ISET GND CT EP R5 (see notes) BAT TS 8 7 6 C3 0.1F R1 1.47K R2 13.3k R6 10k R5: 10k for options AA, AB, AE, AF, AI, AJ, BM, BN R5: OPEN for options AC, AD, AG, AH, AK, AL, BO, BP Figure 10: AAT3693 Evaluation Board Schematic. Component Part Number U1 AAT3693IDH R1 R2 R5, R6 R3, R4 C1, C2 C3 EN D1 D2 CRCW04021501F CRCW04021332F CRCW04021002F CRCW04021001F GRM21BR71A106KE51L TMK105BJ104KV PRPN401PAEN LTST-C190GKT LTST-C190CKT Description 1.6A Linear Li-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Package 1.47K, 1%, 1/4W; 0603 13.3K, 1%, 1/4W; 0603 10K, 5%, 1/4W; 0603 1.5K, 5%, 1/4W; 0603 CER 10F 10V 10% X7R 0805 CER 0.1F 25V 10% X5RR 0402 Conn. Header, 2mm zip Green LED; 0603 Red LED; 0603 Manufacturer AnalogicTech Vishay Vishay Vishay Vishay Murata Taiyo Yuden Sullins Electronics Lite-On Inc. Lite-On Inc. Table 9: AAT3693 Evaluation Board Bill of Materials (BOM). 20 www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Status Reporting Temperature Sense Option Name Trickle Charge Mode Low Threshold AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AI AJ AK AL BM BN BO BP Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No 30% of VVIN 30% of VVIN 0.33V Fixed 0.33V Fixed 30% of VVIN 30% of VVIN 0.33V Fixed 0.33V Fixed 30% of VVIN 30% of VVIN 0.33V Fixed 0.33V Fixed 30% of VVIN 30% of VVIN 0.33V Fixed 0.33V Fixed High Threshold Low Battery Check STAT1 60% of VVIN 60% of VVIN 2.39V Fixed 2.39V Fixed 60% of VVIN 60% of VVIN 2.39V Fixed 2.39V Fixed 60% of VVIN 60% of VVIN 2.39V Fixed 2.39V Fixed 60% of VVIN 60% of VVIN 2.39V Fixed 2.39V Fixed Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Charge Timer STAT2 Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 Trickle Charge (TC) Timeout Constant Current (CC) Charge Timeout 3 3 3 3 25 25 25 25 min min min min 3 3 3 3 25 25 25 25 min min min min hours total hours total hours total hours total 1 hour 1 hour 1 hour 1 hour hours total hours total hours total hours total 1 hour 1 hour 1 hour 1 hour Constant Voltage (CV) Charge Timeout 2 2 2 2 hours hours hours hours 2 2 2 2 hours hours hours hours Constant Output Voltage VCO(REG), V 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.37 4.37 4.37 4.37 Table 10: AAT3693 Options. 3693.2009.04.1.1 www.analogictech.com 21 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Ordering Information Package TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 TDFN-10 Marking1 Part Number (Tape and Reel)2 5FXYY 7DXYY AAT3693IDH-AA-T1 AAT3693IDH-AB-T1 AAT3693IDH-AC-T1 AAT3693IDH-AD-T1 AAT3693IDH-AE-T1 AAT3693IDH-AF-T1 AAT3693IDH-AG-T1 AAT3693IDH-AH-T1 AAT3693IDH-AI-T1 AAT3693IDH-AJ-T1 AAT3693IDH-AK-T1 AAT3693IDH-AL-T1 AAT3693IDH-BM-T1 AAT3693IDH-BN-T1 AAT3693IDH-BO-T1 AAT3693IDH-BP-T1 (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) (2.2x2.2mm) 5GXYY 7EXYY All AnalogicTech products are offered in Pb-free packaging. The term "Pb-free" means semiconductor products that are in compliance with current RoHS standards, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. For more information, please visit our website at http://www.analogictech.com/about/quality.aspx. 1. XYY = assembly and date code. 2. Sample stock is generally held on part numbers listed in BOLD. 22 www.analogictech.com 3693.2009.04.1.1 PRODUCT DATASHEET AAT3693 BatteryManagerTM 1.6A Lithium-Ion/Polymer Battery Charger in 2.2x2.2 TDFN Packaging Information1 TDFN-10 2.200 0.050 Detail "A" 0.400 0.050 0.180 0.050 1.700 0.050 2.200 0.050 Index Area 0.900 0.050 Top View 0.400 BSC Bottom View 0.500 0.050 0.203 REF 0.750 0.050 Pin 1 Indicator (optional) Detail "A" Side View All dimensions in millimeters. 1. The leadless package family, which includes QFN, TQFN, DFN, TDFN and STDFN, has exposed copper (unplated) at the end of the lead terminals due to the manufacturing process. A solder fillet at the exposed copper edge cannot be guaranteed and is not required to ensure a proper bottom solder connection. Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. 3230 Scott Boulevard, Santa Clara, CA 95054 Phone (408) 737-4600 Fax (408) 737-4611 (c) Advanced Analogic Technologies, Inc. AnalogicTech cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in an AnalogicTech product. No circuit patent licenses, copyrights, mask work rights, or other intellectual property rights are implied. AnalogicTech reserves the right to make changes to their products or specifications or to discontinue any product or service without notice. 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All other brand and product names appearing in this document are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. 3693.2009.04.1.1 www.analogictech.com 23