[AP1012A]
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1. Genaral Description
The AP1012A is a dual H-bridge motor driver which has four drive modes: forward, reverse, brake and
standby, to operate up to 18V motor supply voltage. An N-channel LDMOS is built in for both high and low
sides of the output driver to minimize the device size. Additionally, the AP1012A has under voltage
detection and thermal shutdown circuits. It is housed in a small 24-pin QFN package, suitable for driving
various types of small motors.
2. Features
Control Supply Voltage 2.7 to 5.5V
Logic Terminal Supply Voltage 1.62V to Control Supply Voltage
Wide Motor Drive Operating Voltage 2 to 18V
(NMOS high side and Low side architecture)
Maximum Output Current(DC) 1.3A
Maximum Output Current(Peak) 3.0A (Ta = 25°C, less than 10ms in 200ms or less
than 5ms in 100ms)
Maximum Output Current(Peak) 4.5A (Ta = 25°C,less than 5ms in 200ms or less
than 2.5ms in 200ms)
H-Bridge On Resistance RON(TOP+BPT) = 0.36Ω (typ)@25°C
Power-Down Mode VM consumption current less than 2µA(Ta = 25°C)
Built-in Under Voltage Detection Circuit Detection Voltage ; 2.2V(typ)
Built-in Thermal Shut Down Circuit 175°C (typ)
Junction Temperature (Tj) 150°C (max)
Package 24-pin QFN (4mmx4mm)
18V Dual H-Bridge Motor Driver IC
AP1012A
[AP1012A]
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3. Table of Contents
1. Genaral Description ................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Features ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
3. Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................... 2
4. Block Diagram ........................................................................................................................................... 3
5. Ordering Guide .......................................................................................................................................... 3
6. Pin Configurations and Functions .............................................................................................................. 4
■ Pin Configurations ................................................................................................................................... 4
■ Functions ................................................................................................................................................. 4
■Terminal Equivalent Circuit ...................................................................................................................... 5
7. Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................................................................................................... 6
8. Recommended Operating Conditions ........................................................................................................ 6
9. Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................................................... 7
10. Functional Descriptions ......................................................................................................................... 9
11. Recommended External Circuits .......................................................................................................... 11
■ Recommended External Circuits ........................................................................................................... 11
■ Reference Value .................................................................................................................................... 11
12. Package ................................................................................................................................................ 12
■ Outline Dimensions ............................................................................................................................... 12
■ Marking ................................................................................................................................................. 12
13. Revise History ...................................................................................................................................... 13
IMPORTANT NOTICE .............................................................................................................................. 14
[AP1012A]
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4. Block Diagram
Figure 1. Block Diagram
5. Ordering Guide
AP1012A -30 to 85°C 24-pin QFN
-
VC
CL
CH
VG
IN1A
IN1B
IN2A
IN2B
VM1
VM2
PGND
PGND
OUT1A
OUT2A
OUT1B
OUT2B
VIO VC VG
Charge
Pump
Thermal Shut Down
Under Voltage Detection
VREF
OSC
VIO
EN
DGND
Control
Logic
Pre
Driver
PSAVE
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6. Pin Configurations and Functions
■ Pin Configurations
■ Functions
Pin Number
Name
I/O (Note 1)
Function
Remark
14
VG
O
Charge pump output capacitor connection l
15
CH
I/O
Charge pump capacitor connection l
16
CL
I/O
Charge pump capacitor connection
21,22
VM1
P
Motor driver power supply
19,20
OUT1A
O
Motor driver output
23,24
OUT1B
O
Motor driver output
Exposed Pad
PGND
P
Power ground
(Note 2)
11,12
OUT2A
O
Motor driver output
7,8
OUT2B
O
Motor driver output
9,10
VM2
P
Motor driver power supply
4
IN2B
I
Control signal input
3
IN2A
I
Control signal input
2
IN1B
I
Control signal input
1
IN1A
I
Control signal input
13
DGND
P
Digital Ground
5
EN
I
Enable signal input
100kΩ pull-up
6
PSAVE
I
Power save input
100kΩ pull-up
18
VIO
P
Logic input terminal power supply
17
VC
P
Control power supply
Note 1. I(Input pin), O(Output pin), P(Power pin)
Note 2. The exposed pad must be connected to power ground and DGND.
Note 3. The same voltage must be supplied to VM1(pin No.21, 22) and the VM2 (pin No.9, 10) each other.
1
2
3
4
5
6
18
17
16
15
14
13
7
8
9
10
11
12
19
20
21
22
23
24
EP(GND)
IN1 A
IN1 B
IN2 A
IN2 B
EN
PSAVE
OUT2B
OUT2B
VM2
VM2
OUT2A
OUT2A
VIO
VC
CL
CH
VG
DGND
OUT1B
OUT1B
VM1
VM1
OUT1A
OUT1A
(Top View)
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■Terminal Equivalent Circuit
Pin No.
Name
Function
Equivalent Circuits
21,22
9,10
VM1
VM2
Motor Driver Power Supply
(The same voltage must be supplied to
VM1(pin No. 21,22)and VM2(pin No. 9,10)
each other)
18
VIO
Logic Input Terminal Power Supply
17
VC
Control Power Supply
5
6
EN
PSAVE
Logic Input
(Built-in pull-up resistor)
1
2
3
4
IN1A
IN1B
IN2A
IN2B
Control Signal Input
19,20
23,24
11,12
7,8
OUT1A
OUT1B
OUT2A
OUT2B
Motor Driver Output
14
15
VG
CH
Charge Pump Output Capacitor Connection
Charge Pump Capacitor Connection
16
CL
Charge Pump Capacitor Connection
13
Exposed
Pad
DGND
PGND
Ground Terminal
Power Ground Terminal
DGND
PGND
VC
CL
PGND
CH
VM2
VG
VM
OUT1A
OUT2A
PGND
OUT1B
OUT2B
2kΩ
2kΩ
VIO
100k
Ω
2kΩ
2kΩ
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7. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Symbol
min
max
Unit
Remark
Control supply voltage
VC
-0.5
6
V
Logic terminal supply voltage
VIO
-0.5
6
V
VIO is under VC voltage
(Note 6)
Motor driver supply voltage
VM
-0.5
19
V
VIO level terminal voltage
(PSAVE,EN,IN1A,IN1B,IN2A
and IN2B)
Vterminal1
-0.5
5.5
V
VM level terminal voltage
(OUT1A,OUT1B,OUT2A and
OUT2B)
Vterminal2
-0.5
19
V
VG,CH terminal voltage
Vterminal3
-0.5
25
V
Maximum DC output current
IloaddcMD
-
1.3
A
OUTnA and OUTnB
terminal
Maximum peak output current
IloadpeakMD
-
3
4.5
A
OUTnA and OUTnB
terminals
less than 10ms in 200ms
Less than 5ms in 200ms
Power dissipation
PD
1625
mW
Ta=85°C(Note 5)
Operating Temperature range
Ta
-30
85
°C
Junction temperature
Tj
150
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-65
150
°C
Note 4. All above voltages respect to Ground (DGND/PGND terminal voltage).
Note 5. The rating is calculated by RθJ = 40°C/W under the condition when 4 layer board is used. The EP
terminal is connected to ground. Compliant to SEMI JEDEC JESD51-6, JESD51-7.
Note 6. Logic terminal supply voltage (VIO) needs to be turned on prior to or at the same time as Control
supply voltage(VC).
WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device. Normal
operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
8. Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
max
Unit
Remark
Control supply voltage
VC
2.7
3.3
5.5
V
Logic terminal supply voltage
VIO
1.62
1.8/3.3
VC
V
Motor driver supply voltage
VM
2.0
-
18
V
Input frequency range (50% duty)
Fin
-
-
200
kHz
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9. Electrical Characteristics
(Ta = 25°C, VM = 15V and VC = 3.3V, otherwise specified.)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
max
Unit
Conditions
Charge pump
Charge pump voltage
VG
18.0
18.2
18.3
V
VG = VC + VM
Charge pump wake up time
tVG
0.1
1
3
ms
VG = VC + VM – 0.3V
VDET1
VC under voltage detect voltage
VCDETLV
1.9
2.2
2.5
V
TSD
Thermal shutdown temperature
(Note 7)
TDET
150
175
200
°C
Temperature hysteresis (Note 7)
TDETHYS
20
30
40
°C
Consumption current current
VM consumption current at no
power
IVMNOPOW+
-
-
2
µA
VC = 0V
VM consumption current at
standby
IVMSTBY
-
15
70
µA
PSAVE = “L”, EN = “H”
INnA = “L”, INnB = “L”
VC consumption current at standby
IVCSTBY
-
150
300
µA
PSAVE = “L”, EN = “H”
INnA = “L”, INnB = “L”
VC consumption current at power
save
IVCPSAVE
-
-
1
µA
PSAVE = “H”, EN = “H”
VC consumption current at PWM
operation
IVCPWM
-
1
2
mA
INnA = 200kHz, INnB = “H”
Motor Driver
Driver on resistance
(High side or Low side)
RON1
-
0.18
0.25
Ω
VC = 3.3V, Iload = 100mA
Ta = 25°C
Driver on resistance
(High side or Low side) (Note 7)
RON2
-
0.22
0.27
Ω
VC = 3.3V, Iload = 1.2A
Ta = 25°C
(Equivalent Tj = 85°C)
Drive on resistance
(High side or Low side) (Note 7)
RON3
-
0.27
0.32
Ω
VC = 3.3V, Iload = 1.2A
Ta = 85°C
(Equivalent Tj = 150°C)
Body diode forward voltage
VFMD
-
0.8
1.2
V
IF = 100 mA
H-Bridge propagation delay time
(L→L) (Note 8)
tPDLHB
-
-
0.5
µs
tr = tf = 10ns
H-Bridge propagation delay time
(H→H) (Note 8)
tPDHHB
-
-
1.0
µs
tr = tf = 10ns
H-Bridge propagation delay time
(HiZ→H)
tPDZHHB
-
-
0.5
µs
tr = tf = 10ns
H-Bridge propagation delay time
(H→HiZ)
tPDZHHB
-
-
2.0
µs
tr = tf= 10ns
H-Bridge output pulse width
tPWDHB
0.6
-
-
µs
PWL = 1.0µs, tr = tf = 10ns
Control logic
Input High level voltage
(INnA, INnB)
VIH
0.7×VIO
-
-
V
VIO = 1.6V to 5.5V
Input Low level voltage
(INnA, INnB)
VIL
-
-
0.3×VIO
V
Note 7. Not tested in production.
Note 8. Refer to Figure 2.
[AP1012A]
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Figure 2. Output Propagate Delay Time Chart
tPWI
tPWO
tPDL
INB
(INA=INB
―――)
tPDH
OUTA
OUTB
50%
90%
10%
50%
[AP1012A]
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10. Functional Descriptions
10.1 Control Logic
Input and Output statuses of each operation mode are shown below.
PSAVE
EN
Input
Output
Motion
INnA
INnB
OUTnA
OUTnB
L
H
L
L
Z
Z
Standby (Idling)
L
H
L
H
L
H
Reverse
L
H
H
L
H
L
Forward
L
H
H
H
L
L
Brake
L
L
X
X
L
L
Brake
H
X
X
X
Z
Z
Power Save (Note 9)
Note 9. TSD/UVLO/VREF/OSC/Charge pump circuits are shut down.
10.2 Basic Architecture of the Motor Driver
The AP1012A has an N-channel LDMOS FET for both high and low sides in the output circuit, so that a
small package can be adopted. High side FET is driven by VG voltage, VG=VM+ VC is generated by a
charge pump. VG voltage reaches the targeted voltage level within 1ms (typ) after starting the charge pump.
The charge pump operates at 360kHz (typ) Low side FET is driven by VC voltage.
Figure 3. Equivalent Circuit of Motor Driver Block
The OSC block supplies a drive pulse to the charge pump. The input interface block is operated by VIO
power supply for logic input terminal VIO power supply needs to be tumed on at the same time as or earlier
than VC power supply. (If the VIO is turned on later than the VC, it is recommend to connect pull-up
resistance about 5ookΩ between the VIO and the VC pins to avoid an uncertainty stats of the circuit).
EN
Logic
Enable
Control
Charge
Pump
Pre
Driver
VG
CH
CL
VM
OUTA
OUTB
PGND
INA
INB
VG
VG
VC
VC
[AP1012A]
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10.3 Protection Circuits
The AP1012A has penetration current prevention, thermal shut down and under voltage detection circuits.
Penetration current prevention circuit
MOSFET turns off both of high side and low side during the dead time period when penetration
current prevention circuit operates. During this period, either body diode is turn on depends on the
direction of the current. Figure 4 shows an example when the AP1012A drives the output from “L” to
“H” in. (a) shows the case that current flows from external load to the AP1012A, (b) shows the case
that current flows from the AP1012A to external load
Figure 4. Difference in output terminal by load current direction
Thermal Shutdown
The AP1012A prevents damages from self-heating by setting OUTA and OUTB outputs Hi-Z when
abnormal high temperature (175°C typ) is detected. The AP1012A is able to return to normal operation
as soon as the temperature drops to the level lower than the bottom detection threshold.
Figure 5. Thermal Shutdown Operation
Detect High Temp.(175℃typ)⇒
OUTnA/OUTnB are Hi-Z
Wait to Cool Down
(Hysteresis: 30°C typ)
Resume Motor Driver Operation
OUTnA/OUTnB are conform INnA/INnB
INA/B
H-side MOSFET
L-side MOSFET
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
OUTA/B
(a)
(b)
VM
Vfh
Vfl
Vfh
PGND
Dead Time
VM
Motor
PGND
OUTA/B
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
VM
Vfl
PGND
Dead Time
ON
OFF
(a) Case for current is passed from external load to this IC
(b) Case for current is passed from this IC to external load
[AP1012A]
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11. Recommended External Circuits
■ Recommended External Circuits
Figure 6. External Circuit Example
■ Reference Value
Table 1. Recommended External Components
Items
Symbol
min
typ
max
Unit
Remark
Motor driver power supply
connection decupling capacitor
CVM
1.0
-
-
µF
(Note 10)
Control power supply connection
bypass capacitor
CVC
0.1
1.0
-
µF
Please confirm an appropriate
value with the actual system
board.
Logic input terminal power supply
connection bypass capacitor
CVIO
0.1
1.0
-
µF
Please confirm an appropriate
value with the actual system
board.
Charge pump capacitor1
CVG
0.047
0.1
0.22
µF
Charge pump capacitor2
CHL
0.047
0.1
0.22
µF
Note 10. Connecting capacity of CVM, CVC and CVIO should be determined in consideration of the load
current profile, the load capacitance, the wiring resistance and etc. of the actual system board.
Note 11. VM1 and VM2 are not connected internally by a metal layer. Please connect both pins at same
voltage level on the mounting board.
MOTOR
MCU
OUT1A
VC
1
2
3
4
5
6
18
17
16
15
14
13
7
8
9
10
11
12
19
20
21
22
23
24
EP(GND)
OUT1B
CL
CH
CHL
VG
CVG
VM
DGND
VC
VIO
VIO
CVIO
CVC
OUT1A
OUT1B
VM1
VM1
VM
CVM
OUT2A
OUT2A
OUT2B
VM2
VM2
VM
CVM
MOTOR
OUT2B
IN1A
IN1B
IN2A
IN2B
EN
PSAVE
VIO
[AP1012A]
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12. Package
■ Outline Dimensions
24-pin QFN (Unit mm)
4.00
4.00
0.10
0.10
0.40 0.10
2.80 0.10
2.80 0.10
0.05
0.75
0.05MAX
B
0.25
M
0.10
0.05
1
6
712
13
18
19 24
CA B
C0.35
0.50 Ref
0.08 C
A
C
(0.20)
■ Marking
YWW A
(1) 1pin Indication
(2) Part Number
(3) Year code（last 1 digit）
(4) Week code
(5) Management code
(1)
1012A
(3)
(2)
(4)
(5)
[AP1012A]
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IMPORTANT NOTICE
0. Asahi Kasei Microdevices Corporation (“AKM”) reserves the right to make changes to the
information contained in this document without notice. When you consider any use or application
of AKM product stipulated in this document (“Product”), please make inquiries the sales office of
AKM or authorized distributors as to current status of the Products.
1. All information included in this document are provided only to illustrate the operation and
application examples of AKM Products. AKM neither makes warranties or representations with
respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this document nor grants
any license to any intellectual property rights or any other rights of AKM or any third party with
respect to the information in this document. You are fully responsible for use of such information
contained in this document in your product design or applications. AKM ASSUMES NO
LIABILITY FOR ANY LOSSES INCURRED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES ARISING FROM
THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION IN YOUR PRODUCT DESIGN OR APPLICATIONS.
2. The Product is neither intended nor warranted for use in equipment or systems that require
extraordinarily high levels of quality and/or reliability and/or a malfunction or failure of which
may cause loss of human life, bodily injury, serious property damage or serious public impact,
including but not limited to, equipment used in nuclear facilities, equipment used in the aerospace
industry, medical equipment, equipment used for automobiles, trains, ships and other
transportation, traffic signaling equipment, equipment used to control combustions or explosions,
safety devices, elevators and escalators, devices related to electric power, and equipment used in
finance-related fields. Do not use Product for the above use unless specifically agreed by AKM in
writing.
3. Though AKM works continually to improve the Product’s quality and reliability, you are
responsible for complying with safety standards and for providing adequate designs and safeguards
for your hardware, software and systems which minimize risk and avoid situations in which a
malfunction or failure of the Product could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to
property, including data loss or corruption.
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contained in this document for any military purposes, including without limitation, for the design,
development, use, stockpiling or manufacturing of nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons or
missile technology products (mass destruction weapons). When exporting the Products or related
technology or any information contained in this document, you should comply with the applicable
export control laws and regulations and follow the procedures required by such laws and
regulations. The Products and related technology may not be used for or incorporated into any
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5. Please contact AKM sales representative for details as to environmental matters such as the RoHS
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noncompliance with applicable laws and regulations.
6. Resale of the Product with provisions different from the statement and/or technical features set
forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by AKM for the Product and
shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, any liability of AKM.
7. This document may not be reproduced or duplicated, in any form, in whole or in part, without prior
written consent of AKM.
