DataSheeT - enpirion(R) power solutions EN63A0QA 12A PowerSoC Step-Down DC-DC Switching Converter with Integrated Inductor DESCRIPTION FEATURES The EN63A0QA is an Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power System on a Chip (PowerSoC) DC-DC converter. It integrates the inductor, MOSFET switches, small-signal circuits and compensation in an advanced 10mm x 11mm x 3mm 76-pin QFN package. The EN63A0QA is AECQ100 qualified for automotive applications and is specifically designed to meet the precise voltage and fast transient requirements of high-performance, low-power processor, DSP, FPGA, memory boards and system level applications in distributed power architecture. The EN63A0QA features switching frequency synchronization with an external clock or other EN63A0QAs for parallel operation. Other features include precision enable threshold, pre-bias monotonic start-up, and programmable soft-start. The device's advanced circuit techniques, ultra high switching frequency, and proprietary integrated inductor technology deliver high-quality, ultra compact, non-isolated DC-DC conversion. * High Efficiency (Up to 96%) Intel Enpirion Power Solutions integrated inductor solution significantly helps to reduce noise. The complete power converter solution enhances productivity by offering greatly simplified board design, layout and manufacturing requirements. All Enpirion products are RoHS compliant and leadfree manufacturing environment compatible. * -40C to +105C Ambient Temperature Range * AEC-Q100 Qualified for Automotive Applications * CISPR 25 6.6 / ISO11452-5 Compliant * Excellent Ripple and EMI Performance * Up to 12A Continuous Operating Current * Input Voltage Range (2.5V to 6.6V) * Frequency Synchronization (Clock or Primary) * 2% V OUT Accuracy (Over Line/Load/Temperature) * Optimized Total Solution Size (280mm2) * Precision Enable Threshold for Sequencing * Programmable Soft-Start * Master/Slave Configuration for Parallel Operation * Thermal Shutdown, Over-Current, Short Circuit, and Under-Voltage Protection * RoHS Compliant, MSL Level 3, 260C Reflow APPLICATIONS * Automotive Applications * Point of Load Regulation for Low-Power, ASICs Multi-Core and Communication Processors, DSPs, FPGAs and Distributed Power Architectures * Beat Frequency/Noise Sensitive Applications Efficiency vs. Output Current VOUT VIN ENABLE EN63A0QA 2x 47F 1210 100 VOUT AVIN SS 3x 47F 1210 RA VFB 15nF 90 CA 80 EFFICIENCY (%) PVIN R1 PGND PGND AGND FQADJ RB Actual Solution Size 280mm2 70 60 50 CONDITIONS VIN = 5.0V 40 30 20 VOUT = 3.3V 10 VOUT = 1.2V 0 0 RFQADJ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Figure 1: Simplified Applications Circuit Figure 2: Highest Efficiency in Smallest Solution Size Page 1 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number Package Markings T J Rating Package Description EN63A0QA EN63A0QA -40C to +125C 76-pin (10mm x 11mm x 3mm) QFN T&R EVB-EN63A0QA EN63A0QA QFN Evaluation Board Packing and Marking Information: https://www.altera.com/support/quality-and-reliability/packing.html M/S AGND AVIN ENABLE POK S_OUT 62 61 60 59 58 57 FQADJ 68 VFB EN_PB 69 63 NC(SW) 70 EAOUT NC(SW) 71 64 NC 72 SS NC 73 65 NC 74 66 NC 75 67 NC 76 PIN FUNCTIONS 56 S_IN 2 55 BGND NC 3 54 VDDB NC 4 53 NC NC 5 52 NC NC 6 51 PVIN 50 PVIN 49 PVIN 48 PVIN NC KEEP OUT 1 77 PGND KEEP OUT KEEP OUT NC PVIN VOUT 38 NC 39 PGND PVIN 18 37 40 PGND 17 36 NC PGND PVIN 35 41 PGND 16 34 NC PGND PVIN 33 42 PGND 15 32 NC PGND PVIN 31 43 NC(SW) 14 30 NC NC(SW) PVIN 29 44 NC 13 28 NC VOUT PVIN 27 45 26 12 VOUT NC 25 PVIN VOUT 46 24 11 VOUT NC 23 PVIN VOUT 47 22 10 VOUT NC 21 9 VOUT NC 20 8 VOUT NC 19 7 NC NC Figure 3: Pin Diagram (Top View) NOTE A: NC pins are not to be electrically connected to each other or to any external signal, ground, or voltage. However, they must be soldered to the PCB. Failure to follow this guideline may result in part malfunction or damage. NOTE B: Shaded area highlights exposed metal below the package that is not to be mechanically or electrically connected to the PCB. Refer to Figure 11 for details. NOTE C: White `dot' on top left is pin 1 indicator on top of the device package. Page 2 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA PIN DESCRIPTIONS PIN 1-19, 29, 52-53, 67, 72-76 20-28 30-31, 70-71 32-38 NAME NC VOUT NC(SW) PGND TYPE FUNCTION - No Connect. These pins must be soldered to PCB but not electrically connected to each other or to any external signal, voltage, or ground. These pins may be connected internally. Failure to follow this guideline may result in device damage. Power Regulated converter output. Connect to the load and place output filter capacitor(s) between these pins and PGND pins. Refer to the Layout Recommendation section. - No Connect. These pins are internally connected to the common switching node of the internal MOSFETs. They must be soldered to PCB but not be electrically connected to any external signal, ground, or voltage. Failure to follow this guideline may result in device damage. Ground Input/Output power ground. Connect to the ground electrode of the input and output filter capacitors. See VOUT and PVIN pin descriptions for more details. 39-51 PVIN Power Input power supply. Connect to input power supply. Decouple with input capacitor to PGND pin. Refer to the Layout Recommendation section. 54 VDDB Power Internal regulated voltage used for the internal control circuitry. Decouple with an optional 0.1F capacitor to BGND for improved efficiency. This pin may be left floating if board space is limited. 55 BGND Power Ground for VDDB. Refer to pin 54 description. Analog Digital input. A high level on the M/S pin will make this EN63A0QI a Slave and the S_IN will accept the S_OUT signal from another EN63A0QI for parallel operation. A low level on the M/S pin will make this device a Master and the switching frequency will be phase locked to an external clock. Leave this pin floating if it is not used. Analog Digital output. A low level on the M/S pin will make this EN63A0QI a Master and the internal switching PWM signal is output on this pin. This output signal is connected to the S_IN pin of another EN63A0QI device for parallel operation. Leave this pin floating if it is not used. Digital POK is a logic level high when VOUT is within -10% to +20% of the programmed output voltage (0.9V OUT_NOM V OUT 1.2V OUT_NOM ). This pin has an internal pull-up resistor to AVIN with a nominal value of 94k. Analog Device enable pin. A high level or floating this pin enables the device while a low level disables the device. A voltage ramp from another power converter may be applied for precision enable. Refer to Power Up Sequencing. Power Analog input voltage for the control circuits. Connect this pin to the input power supply (PVIN) at a quiet point. Can also be connected to an auxiliary supply within a voltage range that is sequencing. 56 57 58 59 60 S_IN S_OUT POK ENABLE AVIN Page 3 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA PIN NAME TYPE FUNCTION 61 AGND Power The quiet ground for the control circuits. Connect to the ground plane with a via right next to the pin. Analog Ternary (three states) input pin. Floating this pin disables parallel operation. A low level configures the device as Master and a high level configures the device as a Slave. A R EXT resistor is recommended to pulling M/S high. Refer to Ternary Pin description in the Functional Description section for R EXT values. Also see S_IN and S_OUT pin descriptions. 62 M/S 63 VFB Analog This is the external feedback input pin. A resistor divider connects from the output to AGND. The mid-point of the resistor divider is connected to VFB. A feed-forward capacitor (C A ) and resistor (R1) are required parallel to the upper feedback resistor (R A ). The output voltage regulation is based on the VFB node voltage equal to 0.600V. For Slave devices, leave VFB floating. 64 EAOUT Analog Error amplifier output. Allows for customization of the control loop. May be left floating. 65 SS Analog A soft-start capacitor is connected between this pin and AGND. The value of the capacitor controls the soft-start interval. Refer to Soft-Start in the Functional Description for more details. 66 VSENSE Analog This pin senses output voltage when the device is in pre-bias (or backfeed) mode. Connect VSENSE to VOUT when EN_PB is high or floating. Leave floating when EN_PB is low. 68 FQADJ Analog Frequency adjust pin. This pin must have a resistor to AGND which sets the free running frequency of the internal oscillator. Analog Enable pre-bias input. When this pin is pulled high, the device will support monotonic start-up under a pre-biased load. VSENSE must be tied to VOUT for EN_PB to function. This pin is pulled high internally. Enable pre-bias feature is not available for parallel operations. Power Not a perimeter pin. Device thermal pad to be connected to the system GND plane for heat-sinking purposes. Refer to Layout Recommendation section. 69 77 EN_PB PGND Page 4 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS CAUTION: Absolute Maximum ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation beyond the recommended operating conditions is not implied. Stress beyond the absolute maximum ratings may impair device life. Exposure to absolute maximum rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Absolute Maximum Pin Ratings PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN MAX UNITS PVIN, AVIN, VOUT -0.3 7.0 V ENABLE, POK, M/S -0.3 V IN +0.3 V VFB, EXTREF, EAOUT, SS, S_IN, S_OUT, FQADJ -0.3 2.5 V MIN MAX UNITS +150 C +150 C +260 C MAX UNITS Absolute Maximum Thermal Ratings PARAMETER CONDITION Maximum Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Reflow Peak Body Temperature -65 (10 Sec) MSL3 JEDEC J-STD-020A Absolute Maximum ESD Ratings PARAMETER CONDITION MIN HBM (Human Body Model) 2000 V CDM (Charged Device Model) 500 V RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN MAX UNITS V IN 2.5 6.6 V Output Voltage Range V OUT 0.6 V IN - V DO (1) V Output Current Range I OUT 12 A Operating Ambient Temperature Range TA -40 +105 C Operating Junction Temperature TJ -40 +125 C Input Voltage Range Page 5 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER SYMBOL TYPICAL UNITS T SD 150 C T SDHYS 20 C Thermal Resistance: Junction to Ambient (0 LFM) (2) JA 14 C/W Thermal Resistance: Junction to Case (0 LFM) JC 1.0 C/W Thermal Shutdown Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis (1) V DO (dropout voltage) is defined as (I LOAD x Droput Resistance). Please refer to Electrical Characteristics Table. (2) Based on 2oz. external copper layers and proper thermal design in line with EIJ/JEDEC JESD51-7 standard for high thermal conductivity boards. Page 6 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS NOTE: V IN = PVIN = AVIN = 6.6V, Minimum and Maximum values are over operating ambient temperature range unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A = 25C. PARAMETER Operating Input Voltage SYMBOL V IN VFB Pin Voltage V VFB VFB Pin Voltage (Line, Load and Temperature) V VFB VFB Pin Input Leakage Current (3) I VFB Shut-Down Supply Current TEST CONDITIONS MIN PVIN = AVIN 2.5 Internal Voltage Reference at: V IN = 5V, ILOAD = 0, T A = 25C 2.5V V IN 6.6V 0A I LOAD 12A VFB Pin Input Leakage Current TYP MAX UNITS 6.6 V 0.594 0.600 0.606 V 0.588 0.600 0.612 V 10 nA -10 IS Power Supply Current with ENABLE=0 1.5 mA Under Voltage Lockout - V IN Rising V UVLOR Voltage Above Which UVLO is Not Asserted 2.2 V Under Voltage Lockout - V IN Falling V UVLOF Voltage Below Which UVLO is Asserted 2.1 V V DO V INMIN - V OUT at Full Load 600 1200 mV R DO Input to Output Resistance 50 100 m 12 A Dropout Voltage Dropout Resistance (3) Continuous Output Current I OUT_SRC Refer to Table 2 for conditions. Over Current Trip Level I OCP Sourcing Current Switching Frequency F SW R FADJ = 4.42 k, V IN = 5V 0 18.5 A 0.9 1.2 1.5 MHz 0.9*F sw F sw 1.1*F sw MHz External SYNC Clock Frequency Lock Range F PLL_LOCK SYNC Clock Input Frequency Range S_IN Clock Amplitude - Low V S_IN_LO SYNC Clock Logic Low 0 0.8 V S_IN Clock Amplitude - High V S_IN_HI SYNC Clock Logic High 1.8 2.5 V M/S Pin Float or Low 20 80 % S_IN Clock Duty Cycle (PLL) DC S_INPLL Page 7 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS S_IN Clock Duty Cycle (PWM) DC S_INPWM M/S Pin High Allowable Pre-bias as a Fraction of Programmed Output Voltage for Monotonic start up. Minimum Pre-bias Voltage = 300mV. Pre-Bias Level Non-Monotonicity V PB V PB_NM MIN MAX UNITS 10 90 % 20 75 % Allowable Nonmonotonicity Under Prebias Startup V OUT Range for P OK = High (4) Range of Output Voltage as a Fraction of Programmed Value When P OK is Asserted P OK Deglitch Delay Falling Edge Deglitch Delay After Output Crossing 90% level. F SW =1.2 MHz V POK Logic Low level With 4mA Current Sink into P OK Pin TYP 100 90 mV 120 213 % s 0.4 V V POK Logic high level V IN V POK Internal pull-up resistor 94 k 10 % Current Balance I OUT With 2 to 4 Converters in Parallel, the Difference Between Nominal and Actual Current Levels. V IN <50mV; R TRACE < 10 m, I load = # Converter * I MAX V OUT Rise Time Accuracy (5)(6)(7) T RISE ENABLE Logic High V ENABLE_HIGH ENABLE Logic Low V ENABLE_LOW ENABLE Pin Current M/S Ternary Pin Logic Low I EN V T-LOW t RISE [ms] = C SS [nF] x 0.065; 10nF C SS 30nF; 2.5V V IN 6.6V; -25 +25 % 1.2 V IN V 0 0.8 V 50 VIN = 6.6V Tie M/S Pin to GND 0 A 0.7 V Page 8 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN M/S Ternary Pin Logic Float V T-FLOAT M/S Pin is Open 1.1 M/S Ternary Pin Logic Hi (8) V T-HIGH Pull Up to VIN through an external resistor R EXT . Refer to Figure . 1.8 Ternary Pin Input Current I TERN 2.5V V IN 4V, R EXT = 15k V V 0.8 V Binary Pin Logic High Threshold V B-HIGH ENABLE, S_IN V S_OUT_HIGH 1.4 4V < V IN 6.6V, R EXT = 51k ENABLE, S_IN S_OUT High Level UNITS A V B-LOW V S_OUT_LOW MAX 117 88 Binary Pin Logic Low Threshold S_OUT Low Level TYP 1.8 V 0.4 2.0 V V (3) Parameter not production tested but is guaranteed by design. (4) POK threshold when VOUT is rising is nominally 92%. This threshold is 90% when VOUT is falling. After crossing the 90% level, there is a 256 clock cycle (~213s at 1.2 MHz) delay before POK is de-asserted. The 90% and 92% levels are nominal values. Expect these thresholds to vary by 3%. (5) Parameter not production tested but is guaranteed by design. (6) Rise time calculation begins when AVIN > V UVLO and ENABLE = HIGH. (7) V OUT Rise Time Accuracy does not include soft-start capacitor tolerance. (8) M/S pin is ternary. Ternary pins have three logic levels: high, float, and low. This pin is meant to be strapped to VIN through an external resistor, strapped to GND, or left floating. The state cannot be changed while the device is on. Page 9 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES Efficiency vs. Output Current 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY (%) Efficiency vs. Output Current 60 50 40 VOUT = 2.5V 30 VOUT = 1.8V 20 VOUT = 1.2V 10 VOUT = 1.0V CONDITIONS VIN = 3.3V 0 60 VOUT = 3.3V 50 VOUT = 2.5V 40 30 VOUT = 1.8V 20 VOUT = 1.2V 10 VOUT = 1.0V 0 0 1 2 4 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0 1 2 3 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Output Voltage vs. Output Current 1.020 1.815 VOUT = 1.8V 1.810 1.805 1.800 1.795 1.790 CONDITIONS VIN = 3.3V 1.785 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.820 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Output Voltage vs. Output Current 1.015 VOUT = 1.0V 1.010 1.005 1.000 0.995 0.990 CONDITIONS VIN = 3.3V 0.985 0.980 1.780 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Output Voltage vs. Output Current Output Voltage vs. Output Current 3.320 1.820 3.315 VOUT = 3.3V 3.310 3.305 3.300 3.295 3.290 CONDITIONS VIN = 5.0V 3.285 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) CONDITIONS VIN = 5.0V 3.280 1.815 VOUT = 1.8V 1.810 1.805 1.800 1.795 1.790 CONDITIONS VIN = 5.0V 1.785 1.780 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Page 10 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES (CONTINUED) Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage Output Voltage vs. Output Current 1.220 1.015 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.020 VOUT = 1.0V 1.010 1.005 1.000 0.995 0.990 CONDITIONS VIN = 5.0V 0.985 1.215 1.210 1.205 1.200 1.195 1.190 CONDITIONS Load = 0A 1.185 1.180 0.980 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2.4 9 10 11 12 3 3.6 1.220 1.220 1.215 1.215 1.210 1.205 1.200 1.195 CONDITIONS Load = 4A 1.185 5.4 6 6.6 1.210 1.205 1.200 1.195 1.190 CONDITIONS Load = 8A 1.185 1.180 1.180 2.4 3 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6 6.6 2.4 3 3.6 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.215 1.204 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.206 1.210 1.205 1.200 1.195 CONDITIONS Load = 12A 1.185 4.8 5.4 6 6.6 Output Voltage vs. Temperature 1.220 1.190 4.2 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.8 Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage 1.190 4.2 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT CURRENT (A) LOAD = 0A CONDITIONS VIN = 3.6V VOUT_NOM = 1.2V 1.202 1.200 LOAD = 2A LOAD = 4A LOAD = 6A LOAD = 8A 1.198 LOAD = 10A 1.196 LOAD = 12A 1.194 1.192 1.190 1.188 1.180 2.4 3 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6 6.6 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 110 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Page 11 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES (CONTINUED) Output Voltage vs. Temperature LOAD = 0A CONDITIONS VIN = 5V VOUT_NOM = 1.2V 1.204 1.202 1.200 Output Voltage vs. Temperature 1.206 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.206 LOAD = 2A LOAD = 4A LOAD = 6A LOAD = 8A 1.198 LOAD = 10A 1.196 LOAD = 12A 1.194 1.192 1.202 1.200 LOAD = 4A LOAD = 6A LOAD = 8A 1.198 LOAD = 10A 1.196 LOAD = 12A 1.194 1.192 1.188 1.188 -40 10 -15 35 60 85 -40 110 -15 Output Current De-rating MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 CONDITIONS VIN = 3.3V TJMAX = 125C JA = 14C/W 10x11x3mm QFN No Air Flow 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 55 60 65 70 75 VOUT = 1.0V VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 2.5V 85 90 60 85 110 13.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 Maximum current allowed for this condition 8.0 CONDITIONS VIN = 5.0V TJMAX = 125C JA = 14C/W 10x11x3mm QFN No Air Flow 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 80 35 Output Current De-rating 13.0 8.0 10 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT (A) LOAD = 2A 1.190 1.190 95 100 105 55 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) 60 65 70 75 VOUT = 1.0V VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 2.5V VOUT = 3.3V 80 85 90 95 100 105 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C) EMI Performance (Horizontal Scan) EMI Performance (Vertical Scan) 100.0 100.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 CISPR 22 Class B 3m 40.0 CONDITIONS VIN = 5.0V VOUT_NOM = 1.5V LOAD = 0.14 90.0 LEVEL (dBV/m) CONDITIONS VIN = 5.0V VOUT_NOM = 1.5V LOAD = 0.14 90.0 LEVEL (dBV/m) LOAD = 0A CONDITIONS VIN = 6.6V VOUT_NOM = 1.2V 1.204 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 CISPR 22 Class B 3m 40.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 30 30 300 300 FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (MHz) Page 12 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA TYPICAL PARALLEL PERFORMANCE CURVES (CONTINUED) Parallel Current Share Mis-Match CURRENT MIS-MATCH (%) 4 Mis-match (%) = (I_Master - I_Slave ) / I_Average x 100 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 CONDITIONS EN63A0QA VIN = 5V VOUT = 3.3V -3 -4 -5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 20 22 24 INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Parallel Current Share Breakdown 5 14 12 Master Device 10 Slave Device 8 6 CONDITIONS EN63A0QA VIN = 5V VOUT = 3.3V 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 TOTAL OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 22 24 Page 13 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Output Ripple at 20MHz Bandwidth CONDITIONS VIN = 5V VOUT = 1V IOUT = 12A CIN = 2 X 47F (1210) COUT = 3 x 47 F (1210) VOUT (AC Coupled) Output Ripple at 20MHz Bandwidth VOUT (AC Coupled) CONDITIONS VIN = 5V VOUT = 2.4V IOUT = 12A CIN = 2 X 47F (1210) COUT = 3 x 47 F (1210) Output Ripple at 500MHz Bandwidth VOUT (AC Coupled) Output Ripple at 500MHz Bandwidth VOUT (AC Coupled) Enable Power Up/Down CONDITIONS VIN = 5V VOUT = 2.4V IOUT = 12A CIN = 2 X 47F (1210) COUT = 3 x 47 F (1210) Enable Power Up/Down ENABLE ENABLE VOUT CONDITIONS VIN = 5V VOUT = 1V IOUT = 12A CIN = 2 X 47F (1210) COUT = 3 x 47 F (1210) CONDITIONS VIN = 5V VOUT = 1.0V IOUT = 12A Css = 15nF CIN = 2 X 47F (1210) COUT = 3 x 47 F (1210) VOUT CONDITIONS VIN = 5V VOUT = 2.4V IOUT = 12A Css = 15nF CIN = 2 X 47F (1210) COUT = 3 x 47 F (1210) Page 14 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Enable/Disable with POK Load Transient from 0 to 12A ENABLE VOUT (AC Coupled) VOUT POK LOAD CONDITIONS VIN = 5V, VOUT = 1.0V LOAD = 5A, Css = 15nF LOAD Parallel Operation SW Waveforms CONDITIONS VIN = 6.2V VOUT = 1.5V CIN = 2 X 47F (1210) COUT = 3 x 47F (1210) Parallel Operation Current Sharing MASTER VSW TOTAL LOAD = 18A SLAVE 2 VSW MASTER LOAD = 6A SLAVE 1 VSW SLAVE 2 LOAD = 6A COMBINED LOAD(18A) CONDITIONS VIN = 5V VOUT = 1.8V LOAD = 18A SLAVE 1 LOAD = 6A CONDITIONS VIN = 5V VOUT = 1.8V LOAD = 18A Page 15 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM S_OUT M/S S_IN PVIN Digital I/O To PLL VDDB Eff UVLO BGND Thermal Limit P-Drive Current Limit NC(SW) VOUT N-Drive (-) PWM Comp (+) PGND 24k AVIN Compensation Network PLL/Sawtooth Generator FQADJ EAOUT (-) Error Amp (+) ENABLE SS Reference Voltage Selector Soft Start MUX VFB Power Good Logic POK AVIN 94k MUX Bandgap Reference AVIN VSENSE AVIN 24k EN_PB EAOUT AGND Figure 4: Functional Block Diagram FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Synchronous DC-DC Step-Down PowerSoC The EN63A0QA is a synchronous, programmable buck power supply with integrated power MOSFET switches and integrated inductor. The switching supply uses voltage mode control and a low noise PWM topology. This provides superior impedance matching to ICs processed in sub 90nm process technologies. The nominal input voltage range is 2.5 - 6.6 volts. The output voltage is programmed using an external resistor divider network. The feedback control loop incorporates a type IV voltage mode control design. Type IV voltage mode control maximizes control loop bandwidth and maintains excellent phase margin to improve transient performance. The EN63A0QA is designed to support up to 12A continuous output current operation. The operating switching frequency is between 0.9MHz and 1.5MHz and enables the use of small-size input and output capacitors. Page 16 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA The power supply has the following features: * Precision Enable Threshold * Soft-Start * Pre-bias Start-Up * Resistor Programmable Switching Frequency * Phase-Lock Frequency Synchronization * Parallel Operation * Power OK * Over-Current/Short Circuit Protection * Thermal Shutdown with Hysteresis * Under-Voltage Lockout Precision Enable The ENABLE threshold is a precision analog voltage rather than a digital logic threshold. A precision voltage reference and a comparator circuit are kept powered up even when ENABLE is de-asserted. The narrow voltage gap between ENABLE Logic Low and ENABLE Logic High allows the device to turn on at a precise enable voltage level. With the enable threshold pinpointed, a proper choice of soft-start capacitor helps to accurately sequence multiple power supplies in a system as desired. There is an ENABLE lockout time of 2ms that prevents the device from re-enabling immediately after it is disabled. Soft-Start Operation The SS pin in conjunction with a small external capacitor between this pin and AGND provides a soft-start function to limit in-rush current during device power-up. When the part is initially powered up, the output voltage is gradually ramped to its final value. The gradual output ramp is achieved by increasing the reference voltage to the error amplifier. A constant current flowing into the soft-start capacitor provides the reference voltage ramp. When the voltage on the soft-start capacitor reaches 0.60V, the output has reached its programmed voltage. Once the output voltage has reached nominal voltage the soft-start capacitor will continue to charge to 1.5V (Typical). The output rise time can be controlled by the choice of soft-start capacitor value. The rise time is defined as the time from when the ENABLE signal crosses the threshold and the input voltage crosses the upper UVLO threshold to the time when the output voltage reaches 95% of the programmed value. The rise time (t RISE ) is given by the following equation: t RISE [ms] = C ss [nF] x 0.065 The rise time (t RISE ) is in milliseconds and the soft-start capacitor (C SS ) is in nano-Farads. The soft-start capacitor should be between 10nF and 100nF. Pre-Bias Start-up The EN63A0QA supports startup into a pre-biased load. A proprietary circuit ensures the output voltage rises up from the pre-bias value to the programmed output voltage. Start-up is guaranteed to be monotonic for pre-bias voltages in the range of 20% to 75% of the programmed output voltage with a minimum pre-bias voltage of 300mV. Outside of the 20% to 75% range, the output voltage rise will not be monotonic. The PreBias feature is automatically engaged with an internal pull-up resistor. For this feature to work properly, V IN must be ramped up prior to ENABLE turning on the device. Tie VSENSE to VOUT if Pre-Bias is used. Page 17 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA Tie EN_PB to ground and leave VSENSE floating to disable the Pre-Bias feature. Pre-Bias is supported for external clock synchronization, but not supported for parallel operations. Resistor Programmable Frequency The operation of the EN63A0QA can be optimized by a proper choice of the R FQADJ resistor. The frequency can be tuned to optimize dynamic performance and efficiency. Refer to Table 1 and Table 2 for recommended R FQADJ values based on maximum output current operations. Table 1: Recommended RFQADJ (k) at 10A V OUT 0.8V 1.2V 1.5V 1.8V 2.5V 3.3V 3.3V 10% 3.57 3.57 4.42 4.42 3.57 -- 5.0V 10% 3.57 3.57 3.57 4.42 4.42 3.57 6.0V 10% 3.57 3.57 3.57 4.42 4.42 3.57 V IN Table 2: Recommended RFQADJ (k) at 12A V OUT 0.8V 1.2V 1.5V 1.8V 2.5V 3.3V 3.3V 10% 3.57 3.57 4.42 4.42 3.57 -- 5.0V 10% 3.57 12.1 12.1 20.0 NR NR 6.0V 10% 20.0 20.0 20.0 NR NR NR V IN Note: NR = Device not rated for this operation condition Phase-Lock Operation: The EN63A0QA can be phase-locked to an external clock signal to synchronize its switching frequency. The M/S pin can be left floating or pulled to ground to allow the device to synchronize with an external clock signal using the S_IN pin. When a clock signal is present at S_IN, an activity detector recognizes the presence of the clock signal and the internal oscillator phase locks to the external clock. The external clock could be the system clock or the output of another EN63A0QA. The phase locked clock is then output at S_OUT. Refer to Table 2 for recommended clock frequencies. Master / Slave (Parallel) Operation and Frequency Synchronization Multiple EN63A0QA devices may be connected in a Master/Slave configuration to handle larger load currents. The device is placed in Master mode by pulling the M/S pin low or in Slave mode by pulling M/S pin high. When the M/S pin is in float state, parallel operation is not possible. In Master mode, a version of the internal switching PWM signal is output on the S_OUT pin. This PWM signal from the Master is fed to the Slave device at its S_IN pin. The Slave device acts like an extension of the power FETs in the Master and inherits the PWM frequency and duty cycle. The inductor in the Slave prevents crow-bar currents from Master to Slave due to timing delays. The Master device's switching clock may be phase-locked to an external clock source or another EN63A0QA to move the entire parallel operation frequency away from sensitive frequencies. Page 18 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA The feedback network for the Slave device may be left open. Additional Slave devices may be paralleled together with the Master by connecting the S_OUT of the Master to the S_IN of all other Slave devices. Refer to Figure 5 for details. Note that when combining multiple regulators together, the maximum current for each device should be kept under 80% of the maximum output current in order to margin for the current mis-match between each regulator. Careful attention is needed in the layout for parallel operation. The VIN, VOUT and GND of the paralleled devices should have low impedance connections between each other. Maximize the amount of copper used to connect these pins and use as many vias as possible when using multiple layers. Place the Master device between all other Slaves and closest to the point of load. GND EN63A0QA SLAVE3 S_IN VOUT M/S VIN REXT VFB OPEN GND EN63A0QA SLAVE2 S_IN VOUT M/S VIN REXT VFB OPEN GND S_OUT EN63A0QA MASTER VOUT VOUT VIN M/S VIN VFB Feedback & Compensation GND S_IN EN63A0QA SLAVE1 VOUT VIN M/S REXT VFB OPEN Figure 5. Master/Slave Parallel Operation Diagram POK Operation The POK signals that the output voltage is within the specified range. The POK signal is asserted high when the rising output voltage crosses 92% (nominal) of the programmed output voltage. If the output voltage falls outside the range of 90% to 120%, POK remains asserted for the de-glitch time (213s at 1.2MHz). After the de-glitch time, POK is de-asserted. POK is also de-asserted if the output voltage exceeds 120% of the programmed output voltage. Page 19 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA Over-Current Protection (OCP) The current limit function is achieved by sensing the current flowing through a sense P-FET. When the sensed current exceeds the current limit, both power FETs are turned off for the rest of the switching cycle. If the overcurrent condition is removed, the over-current protection circuit will re-enable PWM operation. If the overcurrent condition persists, the circuit will continue to protect the load. The OCP trip point is nominally set as specified in the Electrical Charactrestics Table. In the event the OCP circuit trips consistently in normal operation, the device enters a hiccup mode. The device is disabled for 27ms and restarted with a normal softstart. This cycle can continue indefinitely as long as the over current condition persists. Thermal Protection Temperature sensing circuits in the controller will disable operation when the junction temperature exceeds approximately 150C. Once the junction temperature drops by approx 20C, the converter will re-start with a normal soft-start. Input Under-Voltage Lock-Out When the input voltage is below a required voltage level (V UVHI ) for normal operation, the converter switching is inhibited. The lock-out threshold has hysteresis to prevent chatter. Thus when the device is operating normally, the input voltage has to fall below the lower threshold (V UVLO ) for the device to stop switching. Page 20 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA APPLICATION INFORMATION Output Voltage Programming and loop Compensation The EN63A0QA output voltage is programmed using a simple resistor divider network. A phase lead capacitor plus a resistor are required for stabilizing the loop. Figure 6 shows the required components and the equations to calculate their values. The EN63A0QA output voltage is determined by the voltage presented at the VFB pin. This voltage is set by way of a resistor divider between VOUT and AGND with the midpoint going to VFB. The EN63A0QA uses a type IV compensation network. Most of this network is integrated. However, a phase lead capacitor and a resistor are required in parallel with upper resistor of the external feedback network (Refer to Figure 6). Total compensation is optimized for use with three 47F output capacitance and will result in a wide loop bandwidth and excellent load transient performance for most applications. Additional capacitance may be placed beyond the voltage sensing point outside the control loop. Voltage mode operation provides high noise immunity at light load. Furthermore, voltage mode control provides superior impedance matching to ICs processed in sub 90nm technologies. In some cases modifications to the compensation or output capacitance may be required to optimize device performance such as transient response, ripple, or hold-up time. The EN63A0QA provides the capability to modify the control loop response to allow for customization for such applications. For more information, visit https://www.altera.com/support.html. VOUT RA CA R1 VFB RB Figure 6: External Feedback/Compensation Network The feedback and compensation network values depend on the input voltage and output voltage. Calculate the external feedback and compensation network values with the equations below. R A [] = 48,400 x V IN [V] R B [] = (V FB x R A ) / (V OUT - V FB ) [V] V FB = 0.6V nominal *Round R A & R B up to closest standard value C A [F] = 4.6 x 10-6 / R A [] *Round C A down to closest standard value R1 = 12k Page 21 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA The feedback resistor network should be sensed at the last output capacitor close to the device. Keep the trace to VFB pin as short as possible. Whenever possible, connect R B directly to the AGND pin instead of going through the GND plane. Input Capacitor Selection The EN63A0QA has been optimized for use with two 1210 47F or four 1206 22F input capacitors. Low ESR ceramic capacitors are required with X7R dielectric formulation. Y5V or equivalent dielectric formulations must not be used as these lose capacitance with frequency, temperature and bias voltage. In some applications, lower value ceramic capacitors may be needed in parallel with the larger capacitors in order to provide high frequency decoupling. The capacitors shown in Table 3 are typical input capacitors. Other capacitors with similar characteristics may also be used. Table 3: Recommended Input Capacitors DESCRIPTION 47F, 6.3V, X7R, 1210 22F, 10V, X7R, 1206 MFG Murata P/N GRM32ER70J476ME20 Taiyo Yuden LMK325B7476KM-TR Murata GRM31CR71A226ME15 Taiyo Yuden LMK316AB7226KL-TR AVX 1206ZC226KAT2A Output Capacitor Selection The EN63A0QA has been optimized for use with three 1210 47F or six 1206 22 F output capacitors. Low ESR X7R ceramic capacitors are recommended as the primary choice. Y5V or equivalent dielectric formulations must not be used as these lose capacitance with frequency, temperature and bias voltage. The capacitors shown in the Recommended Output Capacitors table are typical output capacitors. Other capacitors with similar characteristics may also be used. Additional bulk capacitance from 100F to 1000F may be placed beyond the voltage sensing point outside the control loop. This additional capacitance should have a minimum ESR of 6m to ensure stable operation. Most tantalum capacitors will have more than 6m of ESR and may be used without special care. Adding distance in layout may help increase the ESR between the feedback sense point and the bulk capacitors. Table 4: Recommended Output Capacitors DESCRIPTION 47F, 6.3V, X7R, 1210 22F, 10V, X7R, 1206 MFG Murata Taiyo Yuden P/N GRM32ER70J476ME20 LMK325B7476KM-TR Murata GRM31CR71A226ME15 Taiyo Yuden LMK316AB7226KL-TR AVX 1206ZC226KAT2A Page 22 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA Output ripple voltage is primarily determined by the aggregate output capacitor impedance. Placing multiple capacitors in parallel reduces the impedance and hence will result in lower ripple voltage. 1 Z Total = 1 1 1 + + ... + Z1 Z 2 Zn Table 5. Typical Ripple Voltages Output Capacitor Configuration Typical Output Ripple (mVp-p) 3 x 47 F <5mV 20 MHz bandwidth limit measured on Evaluation Board M/S - Ternary Pin M/S is a ternary pin. This pin can assume 3 states - A low state (0V to 0.7V), a high state (1.8V to VIN) and a float state (1.1V to 1.4V). Device operation is controlled by the state of the pin. The pins may be pulled to ground or left floating without any special care. When pulling high to VIN, a series resistor is recommended. The resistor value may be optimized to reduce the current drawn by the pin. The resistance should not be too high as in that case the pin may not recognize the high state. The recommend resistance (R EXT ) value is given in Table 6. Table 6. Recommended R EXT Resistor V IN (V) I MAX (A) R EXT (k) 2.5 - 4.0 117 15 4.0 - 6.6 88 51 2.5V To VIN M/S R3 319 R1 134k To Gates REXT D1 Vf 2V R2 134k AGND Inside EN63A0QA Figure 7. Selection of R EXT to Connect M/S pin to V IN Page 23 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA Table 7. M/S (Master/Slave) Pin States M/S Pin Function Low M/S pin is pulled to ground directly. This is the Master mode. Switching PWM phase will lock onto S_IN external clock if a signal is available. S_OUT outputs a version of the internal switching PWM signal. (0V to 0.7V) Float (1.1V to 1.4V) High (>1.8V) M/S pin is left floating. Parallel operation is not feasible. Switching PWM phase will lock onto S_IN external clock if a signal is available. S_OUT outputs a version of the internal switching PWM signal. M/S pin is pulled to VIN with R EXT . This is the Slave mode. The S_IN signal of the Slave should connect to the S_OUT of the Master device. This signal synchronizes the switching frequency and duty cycle of the Master to the Slave device. Power-Up Sequencing During power-up, ENABLE should not be asserted before PVIN, and PVIN should not be asserted before AVIN. Tying all three pins together meets these requirements. Page 24 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS Thermal considerations are important power supply design facts that cannot be avoided in the real world. Whenever there are power losses in a system, the heat that is generated by the power dissipation needs to be accounted for. The Altera Enpirion PowerSoC helps alleviate some of those concerns. The Altera Enpirion EN63A0QA DC-DC converter is packaged in an 10x11x3mm 76-pin QFN package. The QFN package is constructed with copper lead frames that have exposed thermal pads. The exposed thermal pad on the package should be soldered directly on to a copper ground pad on the printed circuit board (PCB) to act as a heat sink. The recommended maximum junction temperature for continuous operation is 125C. Continuous operation above 125C may reduce long-term reliability. The device has a thermal overload protection circuit designed to turn off the device at an approximate junction temperature value of 150C. The following example and calculations illustrate the thermal performance of the EN63A0QA. Example: V IN = 5V V OUT = 1.8V I OUT = 12A First calculate the output power. P OUT = 1.8V x 12A = 21.6W Next, determine the input power based on the efficiency () shown in Figure 8. Efficiency vs. Output Current 100 90 EFFICIENCY (%) 80 70 60 50 40 30 CONDITIONS VIN = 5.0V TA = 85C 20 VOUT = 1.8V 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Figure 8: Efficiency vs. Output Current = P OUT / P IN = 85% = 0.85 P IN = P OUT / P IN 21.6W / 0.85 25.41W The power dissipation (P D ) is the power loss in the system and can be calculated by subtracting the output power from the input power. P D = P IN - P OUT 25.41W - 21.6 3.81W Page 25 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA With the power dissipation known, the temperature rise in the device may be estimated based on the theta JA value ( JA ). The JA parameter estimates how much the temperature will rise in the device for every watt of power dissipation. The EN63A0QA has a JA value of 14C/W without airflow. Determine the change in temperature (T) based on P D and JA . T = P D x JA T 3.81W x 14C/W = 53.36C 53C The junction temperature (T J ) of the device is approximately the ambient temperature (T A ) plus the change in temperature. We assume the initial ambient temperature to be 25C. T J = T A + T T J 25C + 53C 78C The maximum operating junction temperature (T JMAX ) of the device is 125C, so the device can operate at a higher ambient temperature. The maximum ambient temperature (T AMAX ) allowed can be calculated. T AMAX = T JMAX - P D x JA 125C - 53C 72C The maximum ambient temperature the device can reach is 72C given the input and output conditions. Note that the efficiency used in this example is at 85C ambient temperature and is a worst case condition. Refer to the de-rating curves in the Typical Performance Curves section. Page 26 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA ENGINEERING SCHEMATIC Figure 9. Engineering Schematic with Engineering Notes Page 27 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA LAYOUT RECOMMENDATIONS Figure 10 shows the critical components and top layer traces for minimum footprint in single-supply mode with ENABLE tied to AVIN. Alternate circuit configurations & other low-power pins need to be connected and routed according to customer application. Please see the Gerber files at www.altera.com/powersoc for details on all layers. Figure 10. Top Layout with Critical Components Only (Top View) Recommendation 1: Input and output filter capacitors should be placed on the same side of the PCB, and as close to the EN63A0QA package as possible. They should be connected to the device with very short and wide traces. Do not use thermal reliefs or spokes when connecting the capacitor pads to the respective nodes. The +V and GND traces between the capacitors and the EN63A0QA should be as close to each other as possible so that the gap between the two nodes is minimized, even under the capacitors. Recommendation 2: The PGND connections for the input and output capacitors on layer 1 need to have a slit between them in order to provide some separation between input and output current loops. Recommendation 3: The system ground plane should be the first layer immediately below the surface layer. This ground plane should be continuous and un-interrupted below the converter and the input/output capacitors. Recommendation 4: The thermal pad underneath the component must be connected to the system ground plane through as many vias as possible. The drill diameter of the vias should be 0.33mm, and the vias must have at least 1 oz. copper plating on the inside wall, making the finished hole size around 0.20-0.26mm. Do not use thermal reliefs or spokes to connect the vias to the ground plane. This connection provides the path for heat dissipation from the converter. Recommendation 5: Multiple small vias (the same size as the thermal vias discussed in recommendation 4) should be used to connect ground terminal of the input capacitor and output capacitors to the system ground plane. It is preferred to put these vias along the edge of the GND copper closest to the +V copper. These vias connect the input/output filter capacitors to the GND plane, and help reduce parasitic inductances in the input and output current loops. Page 28 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA Recommendation 6: AVIN is the power supply for the small-signal control circuits. It should be connected to the input voltage at a quiet point. In Figure this connection is made at the input capacitor. Recommendation 7: The layer 1 metal under the device must not be more than shown in Figure . Refer to the section regarding Exposed Metal on Bottom of Package. As with any switch-mode DC/DC converter, try not to run sensitive signal or control lines underneath the converter package on other layers. Recommendation 8: The V OUT sense point should be just after the last output filter capacitor. Keep the sense trace short in order to avoid noise coupling into the node. Recommendation 9: Keep R A , C A , R B , and R 1 close to the VFB pin (Refer to Figure ). The VFB pin is a highimpedance, sensitive node. Keep the trace to this pin as short as possible. Whenever possible, connect R B directly to the AGND pin instead of going through the GND plane. Recommendation 10: Follow all the layout recommendations as close as possible to optimize performance. Intel Enpirion provides schematic and layout reviews for all customer designs. Page 29 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR LEAD-FRAME BASED MODULES Exposed Metal on Bottom of Package Lead-frames offer many advantages in thermal performance, in reduced electrical lead resistance, and in overall foot print. However, they do require some special considerations. In the assembly process lead frame construction requires that, for mechanical support, some of the lead-frame cantilevers be exposed at the point where wire-bond or internal passives are attached. This results in several small pads being exposed on the bottom of the package, as shown in Figure 11. Only the thermal pad and the perimeter pads are to be mechanically or electrically connected to the PC board. The PCB top layer under the EN63A0QA should be clear of any metal (copper pours, traces, or vias) except for the thermal pad. The "shaded-out" area in Figure 11 represents the area that should be clear of any metal on the top layer of the PCB. Any layer 1 metal under the shaded-out area runs the risk of undesirable shorted connections even if it is covered by soldermask. The solder stencil aperture should be smaller than the PCB ground pad. This will prevent excess solder from causing bridging between adjacent pins or other exposed metal under the package. Please consult the General QFN Package Soldering Guidelines for more details and recommendations. Figure 11: Lead-Frame exposed metal (Bottom View) Shaded area highlights exposed metal that is not to be mechanically or electrically connected to the PCB. Page 30 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA Figure 12: EN63A0QA PCB Footprint (Top View) The solder stencil aperture for the thermal PGND pad is shown in Figure 12 and is based on Enpirion power product manufacturing specifications. Page 31 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA PACKAGE DIMENSIONS Figure 13: EN63A0QA Package Dimensions Packing and Marking Information: https://www.altera.com/support/quality-and-reliability/packing.html Page 32 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C Datasheet | Intel(R) Enpirion(R) Power Solutions: EN63A0QA REVISION HISTORY Rev Date A Oct 2014 B Jan 2017 C Aug 2018 Change(s) * Introductory production datasheet * Changed VFB leakage current specification in the Electrical Characteristics Table * Changed into Intel format WHERE TO GET MORE INFORMATION For more information about Intel(R) and Enpirion(R) PowerSoCs, visit: www.altera.com/enpirion (c) 2017 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. Intel, the Intel logo, Altera, ARRIA, CYCLONE, ENPIRION, MAX, MEGACORE, NIOS, QUARTUS, and STRATIX words and logos are trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the U.S. and/or other countries. Other marks and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Intel reserves the right to make changes to any products and services at any time without notice. Intel assumes no responsibility or liability arising out of the application or use of any information, product, or service described herein except as expressly agreed to in writing by Intel. Intel customers are advised to obtain the latest version of device specifications before relying on any published information and before placing orders for products or services. * Other marks and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Page 33 10398 September, 4, 2018 Rev C