2003 Feb 04 10
Philips Semiconductors Product specification
Up-level Car radio Analog Signal
Processor (CASP) TEA6886HL
7 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
7.1 Stereo decoder
The MPX input is the null-node of an operational amplifier
with internal feedback resistor. Adapting the stereo
decoder input to the level of the MPX signal, coming from
the FM demodulator output, is realized by the value of the
input series resistor RIN. To this input a second source
(AM detector output) can be fed by current addition.
The input amplifier is followed by an integrated 4th-order
Bessel low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 80 kHz.
It provides the necessary signal delay for FM noise
blanking and damping of high frequency interference at
the stereo decoder input.
The output signal of this filter is fed to the soft mute control
circuitry, the output is voltage-to-current converted and
then fed to the phase detector, pilot detector and pilot
canceller circuits, contained in the stereo decoder PLL
block. A PLL is used for regeneration of the 38 kHz
subcarrier. The fully integrated oscillator is adjusted by
means of a digital auxiliary PLL into the capture range of
the main PLL. The auxiliary PLL needs an external
reference frequency (75.4 kHz) which is provided by the
TEA6840H. The required 19 and 38 kHz signals are
generated by division of the oscillator output signal in a
logic circuit. The 19 kHz quadrature phase signal is fed to
the 19 kHz phase detector, where it is compared with the
incoming pilot tone. The DC output signal of the phase
detector controls the oscillator (PLL).
The pilot present detector is driven by an internally
generated in-phase 19 kHz signal. Its pilot dependent DC
output voltage is fed to a threshold switch, which activates
the pilot indicator bit and switches the stereo decoder to
stereo operation. The same DC voltage is used to control
theamplitudeofan anti-phaseinternally generated19 kHz
signal. The pilot tone is compensated by this anti-phase
19 kHz signal in the pilot canceller.
The pilot cancelled signal is fed to the matrix. There, the
side signal is demodulated and combined with the main
signal to the left and right audio channels. Compensation
for roll-off in the incoming MPX signal caused by the IF
filters and the FM demodulator is typically realized by an
external compensation network at pin MPXIN, individual
alignment is achieved by I2C-bus controlled amplification
of the side signal (DAA). A smooth mono-to-stereo
takeover is achieved by controlling the efficiency of the
matrix with the help of the SNC peak detector.
The matrix is followed by the FM noise suppression gates,
which are combined with FM single poles and High Cut
Control (HCC).
Thesinglepoleis definedby internalresistors andexternal
capacitors. Audio is fed from the gate circuits to the
switchable de-emphasis, where the demodulated AM
stereo signal can be fed in. After de-emphasis the signal
passes to the output buffers and is fed to the radio input of
the source selector. For HCC, the time constant of the
single pole contained in the output buffer can be changed
to higher values. This function is controlled by an average
detector contained in the multipath and fading detector.
7.2 FM noise blanker
The input of the ignition noise blanker is coupled to the
MPXRDS input signal and to the LEVEL input. Both
signalsarefed via separate 120 kHzfiltersandrectifiers to
anadder circuit.The outputsignal ofthe addercircuit isfed
in parallel to the noise detector and the interference
detector. The noise detector is a negative peak detector.
Its output controls the trigger sensitivity (prevention of
false triggering at noisy input signals) and the gain of the
MPX high-pass filter. The output of the interference
detector, when receiving a steep pulse, fires a single-shot
trigger circuit, contained in the pulse former circuitry. The
time constant of the single-shot trigger circuit is defined by
an internal capacitor, and its output activates the blanking
gates in the audio.
7.3 AM noise blanker
The AM noise blanking pulse is derived from the AM audio
signal which is fed into pin AMNBIN with the help of a
peak-to-averagecomparator.Theblankingtimeisset by a
pulse former with external capacitor. The blanking pulse is
fed to the gate in the AM audio path and out at
pin AMHOLD to operate the gate built into the external
AM stereo processor.
7.4 Multipath/fading detection and weak signal
control
For FM signal quality dependent controls there is a built-in
combination of six detectors. These detectors are driven
by the level information direct, by the AC components on
thelevel viaa20 kHzband-passfilter (AMwideband)orby
the high notes present at the FM demodulator output via a
60 kHz high-pass filter (ultrasonic noise). The relationship
between the DC level and the AC components is
programmable by the I2C-bus (2 bits each). The output of
the level buffer, AM wideband detector and ultrasonic
noise detector are analog-to-digital converted and
readable by the I2C-bus.