CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems INTRODUCTION FEATURES * Supports Standards 212,and Bell 103 The CH1786 family of modems are a full function, FCC Part 68 approved 2400bps modem. These modems provide a fast, easy and flexible way to integrate a modem into any OEM product while utilizing the minimum amount of PCB space (1.01 "x 1.27 "x 0.52 "). The CH1786 family only requires two external interfaces: a ITU-U V.24 serial interface that can be routed directly to a UART, and a Tip and Ring interface which goes directly to an RJ-11 jack for the PSTN line connection. The CH1786 can be controlled with industry standard AT commands and, hence, is compatible with available industry communication software. ITU-U V.22bis,V.22,Bell * FCC Part 68 approved and DOT CSA CS-03 Part I approvable * UL 1950 and CSA C22.2 950 Listed * UL File Number: E104957 * AT Command structure with extensions * 1500 VAC RMS isolation barrier minimum, 2122V peak surge protection minimum * Single 5 volt operation * Low power operation with automatic reduced power standby mode All CH1786 modems support asynchronous operation at 2400bps, 1200bps, and 300bps to both Bell and ITU-U standards. The resident PSTN line interface, or Data Access Arrangement (DAA), while being FCC approved, is also Canadian DOT approvable and can be approved in other countries that require 1500VAC RMS isolation requirements per UL 1950 Edition 3. * Automatic adaptive equalization and fixed compromise * Size: 1.01 "x 1.27 "x 0.52 "(nominal) * NVRAM allows storage of custom configurations and telephone numbers The CH1786 family of modems operate off a single 5volt supply. The low power operation and automatic standby mode make these modems ideally suited for portable equipment. In addition, their small physical size affords maximum flexibility in equipment design. CH1786 FAMILY CH1786 NVRAM, Voice/ Inject, Operating Temperature: 0C to +70C Hermetic, CH1786ET NVRAM, Voice/ Inject, Hermetic, Operating Temperature: -40C to +85C CH1786NH Non-Hermetic, Operating Temperature: 0C to +70C Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram of CH1786. The CH1786 comes with FCC Part 68 approval and is shipped from the factory with an FCC Part 68 label indicating the registration number and ringer equivalent. This label should be prominently displayed on the end product. 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Figure 2. Voice/ Data Port Control Page 1 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems AT Command Set. A 40-character command line is supported. The command line starts with AT and may contain standard or enhanced commands. The commands are compatible with EIA Document TR302.2/88-08006. DESCRIPTION OF FUNCTIONAL BLOCKS AND DISCUSSION OF BASIC OPERATIONS Figure 1 contains a functional block drawing of the CH1786. The CH1786 is a highly integrated, fullfunction modem, comprised of a modulator/ demodulator, controller, NVRAM and an FCC Part 68 approved and UL 1950/CSA C22.2 950 listed PSTN line interface. Serial Host Interface. The serial interface is a V.24 (EIA-232) compatible interface. Ten Bits total: 1 start bit, 1 stop bit, and eight data bits which can be either eight bits with no parity or seven odd or even with parity. The start bit is LOW going. RXD and TXD data is non-inverted. See pin description in Table 2. Modulation/Demodulation and Modem Controller. These functions are provided by a monolithic modem integrated circuit. This IC has built-in facilities to accommodate integrated AT command control and contains the necessary resident interfaces for general communication and routing to the DAA. Speaker Interface. The SPK output reflects the receiver analog input and provides a signal that can be used to monitor call progress. The SPK signal can drive a 300 load directly. Typically, the SPK signal is input into an audio power amplifier and the amplifier, in turn, drives the speaker coil. The speaker is activated with the ATMn command. The speaker volume is adjusted using the ATLn command, where n is 0, 1, 2, or 3. Increasing numbers correspond to higher volume. Figure 6 indicates one method of driving an external 8 speaker. Telephone Line Interface or DAA. The CH1786 family of modems is designed to meet 1500VAC RMS isolation and provide 2122V peak surge protection. Consequently, the CH1786 satisfies U.S. FCC Part 68 and DOT CSA CS-03 Part I Canadian requirements, and will meet other international approval agency requirements that specify these levels of isolation. With the exception of the U.S., most countries (including Canada) require submission of the final product or system containing the CH1786 to the appropriate governing regulatory agency for approval. Typically this is accomplished by submitting the final end product to an independent test house or consultant for evaluation. The test house or consultant then forwards the test results and applicable documents to the regulatory agency. Call Cermetek for a list of suggested consultants. Phone Control. Cermetek's CH1786 contains a pin called Voice or Data (V/D). The V/D pin toggles high when the modem goes off hook. This pin can be used to activate a relay which can switch a telephone on or off the Tip and Ring incoming PSTN lines. This feature allows any telephone associated with the CH1786 to be disconnected when a data call is in progress, thereby preventing the data from being disturbed by an inadvertent telephone pick-up. See Figure 2. Non-Volatile RAM (NVRAM). The NVRAM present on the CH1786 is sufficient to store up to two user customized modem configurations. The AT&Wn command will store the active modem configuration in the selected NVRAM locations by specifying an n of 0 or 1. Speed and Parity Selection. Prior to call initiation, the host controller trains the modem to the host speed (2400,1200 or 300bps) and parity (odd, even, mark, space, or none) via a host-initiated training sequence. This training also sets the speed of the data for originate calls. The CH1786 will automatically adjust to the originator's speed when answering calls. The AT&Yn command selects the modem configurations to be automatically recalled and made active upon a reset or power up. The ATZn command immediately recalls and activates a stored configuration. Refer to Tables 4, 5 and 6 for storable S-Registers and available commands. The CH1786 matches the host's parity when it returns status messages to the host. During a data connection, however, the modem passes parity through without interpretation or alteration. The NVRAM can save up to four telephone numbers with up to 36 digits or modifiers in each telephone number. The AT&Zn=s command will store s, the telephone number dial string. The individual NVRAM telephone number storage locations are selected by specifying an n of 0, 1, 2, or 3. The ATDTS=n command will cause the modem to dial the stored telephone number in location n. NVRAM is not available on the CH1786LC or CH1786NH. Sleep Mode. To minimize power consumption, the CH1786 includes a power down feature called Sleep Mode. When activated, the CH1786 will automatically enter Sleep Mode after 0 to 254 seconds of inactivity. The inactivity delay is selected using the ATS24 command. The CH1786 is delivered from the factory with a 5 second inactivity delay enabled (i.e., ATS24=5). The CH1786 returns to normal operation when a ring signal is received or SUPPORT FEATURES 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Page 2 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems pin becomes active. The CH1786ET products can thus be powered down to zero. upon an input low signal on the TXD pin. ATS24=255 disables the Sleep Mode and is the default if no value is set in register S24. Table 1. Connection Rates. Answering Connection Rate Resulting Modem Initial When Calling Modem Initial Trained Rate Rate Is: 300 1200 2400 300 300 1200 1200 1200 300 1200 1200 2400 300 1200 2400 A SLEEP output signal is available to control power to external devices. In Figure 6, a FET controlled by the SLEEP signal turns of the external speaker amplifier when the CH1786 enters Sleep Mode. In Sleep Mode, power is reduced to approximately 50% of normal operating power. Guard Tone. A guard tone of 550 Hz or 1800 Hz can be generated at 6 dB or 9 dB below the transmit level, respectively, by using the &Gn command. Refer to "Cermetek AT Commands and S-Registers reference Guide" or the Cermetek web site at http://www.cermetek.com. Answer Tone. A ITU-U (2100 Hz) or Bell (2225Hz) answer tone is generated depending on the selected configuration. Refer to "Cermetek AT commands and S-Registers Reference Guide" or the Cermetek web site at http://www.cermetek.com. Data Encoding. The data encoding conforms to ITUU recommendations V.22bis or V.22, or Bell212A, or 103, depending on the selected configuration. Refer to "Cermetek AT commands and S-Register Reference Guide" or the Cermetek web site at http://www.cermetek.com. Line Equalization. Transmitter and receiver digital filters compensate for delay and amplitude distortion during operation on nominal phone lines. In addition, automatic adaptive equalization in the receiver minimizes the effects of inter symbol interference. Figure 3. Zero Power Operation. Referring to Figure 3, the controller activates the relay switch, supplying power (+5V) to the CH1786ET. In this configuration, the ring signal is used to "wake up" the CH1786ET when the CH1786ET is in the power down state. The pins of the CH1786ET will be in an undefined state when power is switched off. This must be taken into consideration to assure that no unwanted signals are presented to the CH1786ET during power down. Transmission Speed. In normal operation, the originating modem initiates the call and attempts to connect to the answering modem at a speed established by the originating modem's controller prior to call initiation. This is referred to as the Initial Trained Rate. Upon receiving the call, the answering modem will attempt to connect to the originating modem at its Initial Trained Rate. If these two rates are identical, the connection is made. If the speeds differ, the answering modem must adjust its rate or terminate the call. Table 1 indicates the connection rate that will result when the calling modem's Initial Trained Rate and the answering modem's Initial Trained Rate are different. Ring Indicator (RI). The RI pin follows the frequency of the ring signal and toggles low when the CH1786 detects an incoming call. The ring signal is typically 20 to 30 Hz and is on for 2 seconds and off for 4 seconds. Although not TTL compliant, the RI pin can, nonetheless, be utilized to activate external circuitry including the external RST pin. NOTE A 2400-baud connection rate will only result if both modems are initially set at 2400 baud. When using the RI pin, it is recommended that a Schmitt Trigger or the Isolated Envelope Detect Circuit in Figures 3 or 5 be placed between the RI pin and the external load. Zero Power Mode (CH1786ET only). If an application calls for zero power during standby periods, the power may be switched off using external circuitry and then reapplied when the CH1786's RI 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Power Supply. The CH1786 modem module is a complex set of sub-systems. During the course of normal operation the CH1786 decodes analog signals Page 3 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems from the telephone line that are in the millivolt range. Steps must be taken by the user to guarantee that power supply noise on all supply lines, including ground, does not exceed 50 mV peak to peak. Any frequency between 20 kHz and 150 kHz must be less than 500 micro volts peak. If necessary, use dedicated power and ground planes. Failure to provide such operating conditions could cause the CH1786 to malfunction or to function erratically. Enter: ATS7=255<CR> Result: OK Disables data-carrier time out The CH1786 requires a single +5V 5% supply. It is recommended that by-pass capacitors be placed on the power supply as close to the modem's supply input as practical. It's recommended a 10 F Tantalum capacitor in parallel with a 0.01 F ceramic capacitor be used. 1. To answer a voice call. (a) Enter: ATH1<CR> Result: OK Voice/DTMF Tone Injection Port. The CH1786 provides two pins to allow the user to share the telephone line interface associated with the modem for voice and DTMF applications. Figure 4 contains a schematic indicating one possible configuration for voice/ tone utilization. 2. To switch to data mode. (a) Drive V.INJ. LOW (b) At the originate modem: Enter: ATX1<CR> Result: OK Enter: ATS10=255<CR> Disables lost-carrier time Result: OK out The following command sequences illustrate implementation of common Voice/Tone Port applications. (b) Drive V.INJ. HIGH to activate relay. (c) Begin voice conversation. 3. To disconnect (hang-up) a voice call or a data call. (a) Enter: ATH<CR> Result: OK WARNING The CH1786 has been FCC Part 68 approved as a data modem only. Utilization of the Voice/DTMF Tone Port requires further registration. FCC will require that the system, including the CH1786 and the handset or DTMF transceiver, adhere to Part 68 rules. Voice/Tone Injection is not active on CH1786NH. 4. To place a call to 1234567 using the CH1786's DTMF tone generator. (a) Enter: ATDT1234567;C0<CR> Result: OK (b) Drive V.INJ. HIGH Typically, voice communication would precede data communications. For this case, the following commands should be used to configure the CH1786 (Refer to Figure 4): MODEM CONTROL The CH1786 modem may be controlled by sending serial ASCII command sequences. The commands are sent to the modem serially on the TXD pin. After execution of a received command, the modem returns a serial status message that can be read on pin RXD. This message indicates command completion status. Refer to Table 3 for a complete list of status messages. INITIALIZING THE MODEM Before commands may be sent to the CH1786, the CH1786 must be initialized. Initialization is a two step activity consisting of: 1. Hard Reset. This is accomplished by applying a hardware reset pulse to pin RST or by switching the power off and then back on. 2. Initial modem training. The CH1786 must be trained to the host's speed (2400, 1200, 300bps) and parity (odd, even, mark, space or none). Figure 4. Voice/Tone Injection. Enter: ATS0=<CR> Result: OK Disables auto-answer 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. These activities are briefly described below. Page 4 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Reset. Upon applying power to the CH1786, the CH1786 automatically generates an internal reset pulse. The user may also reset the modem externally by applying a high-going reset pulse to the RST pin for at least 10ms after the +5V power supply has stabilized. Delay sending commands to CH1786 for 200ms after reset has been initiated to allow the CH1786 time to properly reconfigure. <CR> represents carriage return (ASCII 13 or HEX 0D). When entering commands to the modem, the backspace character-control-H (ASCII 8 or HEX 08) may be used to edit mistakes. AT and A/ may not be edited. Multiple commands may be placed in the command line. A command line may be as long as 40 characters, excluding the letters AT. By way of example, the command below instructs the CH1786 to configure itself to not echo characters when in command mode E0 and then put itself in answer mode A. Training the Modem. Each modem must be trained to match its host's speed and parity so that it is able to recognize serial asynchronous commands sent to it by the host's is UART. The host must retrain the modem each time a reset pulse is applied on RST or after a RESET serial command has been issued. Enter: ATE0A<CR> Result: OK Modem Training Command Sequence. The CH1786 is trained by sending it the following sequence: AT Command Set. The available command set is divided into four types of commands: dial modifiers, basic commands, ampersand and percent commands. Refer to the complete list in Table 5. Enter: AT<CR> Result: OK Where: A and T may be either upper or lower case but must be the same case. <CR> represents carriage return AT Command Data Rate. With the serial interface, the rate is speed sensed for parity and format. The AT sequence is referred to as an attention sequence. The CH1786 will respond with one of the following status messages, depending on whether it is optioned for Terse (abbreviated) or Verbose (English) status messages. THE STATUS MESSAGES The CH1786 responds with a status message after each command is executed. This status message may either be a single digit followed by a carriage return or a carriage return and line feed with a message in English, followed by a carriage return and line feed. The basic status code subsets are enabled with the Xn command. Where n=0,1,2,3,4 establishes the result codes allowed by the user. Result: 0<CR> (Terse) or Result: <CR><LF>OK<CR><LF> (Verbose) Where: <CR> represents carriage return (ASCII 13 or HEX 0D). <LF> represents line feed (ASCII 10 or HEX 0A). X0: X1: X2: X3: X4: After responding with an OK, the CH1786 is in idle mode and is ready to accept additional commands. An alternate attention sequence A/ may be sent which behaves much like the AT sequence except that it causes the previously entered command specified with an AT prefix to be executed. When given, both the AT and A/ must be in upper case ASCII. No carriage return is needed for the A/ command. NOTE The CH1786 is factory set to X4, which allows all result codes. MODEM STATES The CH1786 can be in either command mode or data mode. When the modem is idle, it is in command mode by default and will recognize commands. When data transmission is in progress, the CH1786 is in the data mode state and will not recognize commands. To force the CH1786 to recognize commands, the host must send an escape sequence to the CH1786 forcing it out of data mode and into command mode. THE COMMAND FORMAT Typical commands consist of three elements: the attention sequence, the commands themselves, and a terminating carriage return. AT[commands]<CR>. Where: AT represents attention sequence. [Commands] represents command strings. 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Result Codes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 allowed Result Codes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 allowed Result Codes 0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10 allowed Result Codes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10 allowed Result Codes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10 allowed. Page 5 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Figure 5. CH1786 Application Diagram 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Page 6 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Table 2. CH1786 Pin Descriptions PIN NAME TYPE FUNCTION 1 RING I/O RING. Directly connects to the telephone line's Ring lead through a user supplied RJ-11C jack. 2 TIP I/O TIP. Directly connects to the telephone line's Tip lead through a user supplied RJ11C jack. 3 RXA O ANALOG VOICE INJECTED. Receive Signal. Let float if not used. Not active in CH1786NH. 4 TXA I ANALOG VOICE INJECTED. Transmit Signal. Let float if not used. Not active in CH1786NH. 5 SPK O SPEAKER. Audio output for speaker. See speaker control schematic in Figure 6. 6 NC - No connection. 7 NC - No connection. 8 SLEEP O SLEEP. A LOW indicates CH1786 is in low power idle mode. Used to control power to other devices. See Figure 6. Register S24 is the sleep timer register. When the CH1786 is inactive for a period of time specified by S24, the CH1786 will power down by about 50% of its normal operating power. During power down, all I/O lines become undefined. The CH1786 products are shipped from the factory with a 5 second inactivity timer (ATS24=5) enabled. 9 NC - No connection. 10 TXD I TRANSMIT DATA. Serial Transmit data input. Marking or a binary 1 condition is transmitted when a HIGH is asserted. 11 RXD O RECEIVE DATA. Serial Receive data output. condition is indicated by HIGH. 12 V/D O VOICE/DATA. Used to switch between telephone and modem line use. In a typical application, V/D active HIGH opens the normally closed voice injection relay and disconnects the handset from the telephone line. HIGH indicates the CH1786 is offhook and online. Therefore, this pin also reflects the state of the off-hook relay of the CH1786. See Figure 2. 13 DTR I DATA TERMINAL READY. Active LOW. Switching off DTR can either return modem to command state, disconnect phone call, or reset modem. DTR should be set LOW when not used. 14 DSR O DATA SET READY. LOW indicates handshaking with a remote modem is in progress, and/ or the data carrier of a remote modem has been detected. 15 RI O RING INDICATION. This signal follows the frequency of the ringing signal and is normally about 20 to 40 Hz for 2 seconds on with 4 seconds off. 16 CTS O CLEAR-TO SEND. Ground if not using the FAX option. Reserved for flow control when using FAX option. CTS only active on CH1786 when S24=255. 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Page 7 Received marking or binary 1 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Table 2. CH1786 Pin Descriptions Continuation PIN NAME TYPE FUNCTION 17 DCD O DATA CARRIER DETECT. LOW indicates a data carrier from a remote modem is detected. Must be enabled using the &C1 command. 18 HS O SPEED INDICATION. HIGH speed select output. A low on this pin indicates the modem is operating at 2400bps. 19 VCC - POWER SUPPLY. 5 volts + 5% Note: Noise should be less than 50mV peak to peak. 20 GND - GROUND. Note: Noise should be less than 50mV peak to peak. 21 RST1 I RESET. Active HIGH. This input must be asserted HIGH for at least 10 ms to reset the modem. RESET is then returned LOW for normal operation. If no system reset is available, let this pin float to enable internal reset. 22 NC - No connection required. For CH179X or CH2056 compatibility, connect to GND or use as an active LOW input for request to send (RTS) functionality for CH179X/2056 products. Note: (1) If VCC has a slow power up ramp time, the internal reset may be ineffective. (2) Do not drive LED's directly from any output. Use Buffers. Table 3. Summary of Result Codes and Meanings. Result Codes Status Message Meaning 0 OK Command Executed 1 CONNECT Carrier detected at 300bps 2 RING Ring Detected 3 NO CARRIER Did not detect carrier 4 ERROR Entry error 5 CONNECT 1200 Carrier detected at 1200bps 6 NO DIAL TONE Off-hook, but no response after 5 seconds 7 BUSY Busy signal detected 10 CONNECT 2400 Carrier detected at 2400bps The escape sequence consists of a "guard time" (a period where no characters are sent to the modem), followed by 3 escape characters, followed by another guard time. The guard time is set by register S12. The escape character code is set in register S2. At power-up, the guard time is set to 1 second minimum, and the escape character is set as "+." There is no minimum delay between characters but the maximum delay is set by register S12. 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. The CH1786 will stay off-hook with its carrier on after the escape sequence is received. It will return an OK status message when it is ready to accept commands. The CH1786 may be put into data mode by issuing the command ATO<CR>. Page 8 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Example: Use A/, the repeat command, to redial the last telephone number dialed. Enter: A/ Result: ATDT1234567R<CR> Previous command OK line executed AT COMMAND APPLICATIONS Dialing A Phone Number. The Dial command takes the form Dn, where n is a string of characters. In the simplest form, n will be only the digits of the phone number to be dialed. Return to Command State. command mode offer dialing. Example: Tone Dial number. Enter: ATD1234567<CR> Result: OK Example: Touch-tone dial 9, pause, dial number, return to Command. Enter: ATDT9,1234567;<CR> Result: OK In response to this command, the CH1786 dials the telephone number "123-4567" and then waits for a carrier from the distant modem. If no carrier is detected within a given time (the default time is 30 seconds), the CH1786 automatically releases the line and sends a NO CARRIER result code. If a carrier is detected, the CH1786 gives a CONNECT result code and goes on-line, permitting communication with the distant modem. Automatic Answering. The SO register controls the number of rings that must occur before the modem answers a call. The register may range in value from 0 to 255. S0 = 0 DO NOT ANSWER TELEPHONE S0 = 1 ANSWER ON RING 1 S0 = 2 ANSWER ON RING 2 S0 = 3 ANSWER ON RING 3 S0 = 255 ANSWER ON RING 255 The Dial Command may also be issued without a telephone number. ATD causes the modem to pick up the telephone line without dialing a number. When S0 is set to 0, the modem will not auto-answer. Pause During Dialing. When placing a call from an office with a telephone connected to a PBX, it may be necessary to dial an access code (usually the digit 9) to get an outside line. Inserting a comma in the telephone number instructs the modem to pause for a specific length of time. The factory set default pause time is 2 seconds. The Serial Interface Lines. The CH1786 supports a full EIA-232D/V.24 serial interface. Signal levels are TTL rather than EIA-232D level compatible, which allows direct connection of the CH1786 to the host UART without the need for level translation circuitry. See Table 2 for a complete pin description. Example: Pulse Dial 9,pause, dial number. Enter: ATDP9,1234567<CR> Result: OK The CH1786 is controlled by sending it serial commands over TXD and its status determined by monitoring the serial status messages returned on RXD. DTR is optionally used to reset, terminate calls or return CH1786 to command mode. Multiple commas may be used to generate integer multiples of the specified delay time. Originate a Call in Answer Mode. The D command forces the modem into originate mode. To call an originate-only modem, dial the number and set the modem to answer mode via the R command (reverse originate). This is done by including an R at the end of the telephone number. Example: Change modem from answer mode. Enter: ATDT1234567R<CR> Result: OK original-only All other serial interface lines may be utilized for the convenience of a particular application but are not required by the CH1786. Unused outputs (from modem) should be left unconnected. Unused inputs should be set to the proper logic level. See Table 2. Fax Modes. The CH1786 Product Family supports Send and Receive FAX. The modes and rates are determined by the AT+F commands. Refer to Table 6A. to FAX modem processing is explicitly defined in ITU-U V.29, ITU-U V.27, and ITU-U V.21 recommendations. All modulation, wave-form spectrum, and data processing functions conform to the appropriate specifications. Multiple commas may be used to generate integer multiples of the specified delay time. Redial Last Number. The repeat command is a convenient way to execute the previously entered command line. 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Use ; to return to Page 9 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Table 4. S-Register Summary. Firmware Defaults 000 Factory Defaults rings 000 000 0-127 ASCII 043 043 Carriage Return Character 0-127 ASCII 013 013 S4 Line Feed Character 0-127 ASCII 010 010 S5 Back Space Character 0-32, 127 ASCII 008 008 S6 Maximum Wait Time for Dial Tone 2-255 s 002 002 S7 Maximum Wait Time for Data Carrier 1-255 s 030 030 S8 Pause Time for Comma 0-255 s 002 002 S9 Carrier Detect Response Time 1-255 1/10s 006 006 S10 Lost Carrier to Hang-up Delay 1-255 1/10s 014 014 S11 DTMF Dialing Speed 50-255 ms 095 095 S12 Escape Code Guard Time 0-255 1/50s 050 050 S13 Reserved - - - 000 000 S14 Bit Mapped Options Register Bit Mapped none * 170 (AAH) 170 (AAH) S15 Reserved - - - 000 000 S16 Modem Test Options Bit Mapped none 000 000 S17 FAX Mode Null Byte Timer 0-255 4ms incr 000 000 S18 Test Timer 0-255 s 000 000 S19 Protocol Interface Speed 0-1 none 000 000 S20 FAX Mode Inactivity Timer 0-127 s 000 000 S21 Bit Mapped Option Register Bit Mapped none * 000 096 (06H) S22 Bit Mapped Option Register Bit Mapped none * 118 (76H) 118 (76H) S23 Bit Mapped Option Register Bit Mapped none * 007 (07H) 023 (17H) S24 Sleep Mode Inactivity Timer 0-255 s 000 000 S25 Delay to DTR Off 0-255 0.1 or 1s * 005 005 S26 RTS to CTS Delay Interval 0-255 0.01s * 001 001 S27 Bit Mapped Option Register Bit Mapped none * 064 (40H) 064 (40H) S28 Bit Mapped Option Register Bit Mapped none * 000 001 Register S0 Description Ring to Answer On Range 0-255 Units rings S1 Ring Count 0-255 S2 Escape Code Character S3 NOTES: Saved * * 001 1. Parameters indicated with a (*) in the Saved column may be stored in User Profile n=0, 1 by executing the appropriate &Wn command. 2. A stored Profile is a subset of allowed parameters and is comprised of those parameters displayed with the &V command. 3. Factory Default values that are different from the Firmware Default values are highlighted in BOLD. 4. Restore Factory Default values using Zn command. 5. Restore Firmware Default values using &Fn command. NOTE The CH1786LC and CH1786NH products do not contain NVRAM and, therefore, do not support data storage after power down. A detailed definition of all commands and S-Registers is available from Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Refer to Cermetek Document AT Commands and S-Registers Reference Guide or access our website at www.cermetek.com. 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Page 10 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Table 5. CH1786 AT Command Set Summary. Basic Function Commands AT Attention Code A Answer command A/ Repeat last Command Bn* Communications Standard Option D Dial Command E* Off-Line Character Echo Option Hn Switch Hook Control Option Ln* Speaker Volume Option Mn* Speaker Control Option On On-Line Command Qn* Result Code Display Option Sn Select an S Register Sn= Write to an S Register Sn? Read an S Register Vn* Result code Form Option Xn* Result Code Set/Call Progress Option +++ Escape Sequence , Pause ? Returns Last addressed S-Register Yn* Long Space Disconnect Option Fn On Line Echo character Option Zn Restore Active Profile Table 6C. Ampersand and Percent Commands. Ampersand Commands Function &Cn* Data Carrier Detect Option &Dn* Data Terminal Ready Option &Fn Restore Active Profile &Gn* Guard Tone Option &Pn* Make to Break Ratio Section &Sn* Data Set Ready Option &Tn Test Command Option &V View Active Configuration &Wn* Store Active Profile &Yn* Set Profile to be used after hard reset &Zn* Store Telephone Numbers PHONE LINE CONNECTION GUIDELINES 1. The CH1786 must be mounted in the final assembly such that it is isolated from exposure to any hazardous voltages within the assembly. Adequate separation and restraint of cables and cords must be provided. 2. The circuitry from the CH1786 to the telephone line interface must be provided in wiring that carries no other circuitry other than that specifically allowed in the FCC rules (such as A and A1 leads). Table 6A. FAX Command Set Summary. FAX Command Function +FCLASS=n Select Service Class +F<command>? Report Active Configuration +F<command>=? Report Operating Capabilities +FAA=n Data/Fax Auto Answer +FF Enhanced Flow Control +FTS=n Stop Transmission and Wait +FTM=n Transmit Data +FTH=n Receive Data +FTH=n Transmit Data with HDLC Framing +FRH=n Receive Data with HDLC Framing +FRT=n Receive Test Data +FTTn=m Transmit test Data 3. Connection to phone line should be made through an RJ-11C jack. 4. PCB traces from the modem's RING and TIP pins to the RJ-11C jack must be 0.1 inch spacing or greater to one another and 0.2 inch spacing or greater to all other traces. The traces should have a nominal width of 0.020 inches or greater. 5. The RING and TIP PCB traces should be as short as possible and oriented to prevent coupling other high speed or high frequency signals present on the host circuit PCB. 6. No additional circuitry other than that shown in Figure 7A or 7B may be connected between the modem module and the RJ-11C jack. Doing so will invalidate the FCC approval. Table 6B. Dial Modifiers Summary. Dial Modifiers Function P Pulse Dial R Originate Call in Answer Mode T Touch Tone Dial W Wait for Dial Tone ; Return to Idle State @ Wait for Quiet Answer Command ! Flash Hook , Pause 0-9 Allowed Dial Digits/Characters A,B,C,D, #, * 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. 7. The CH1786LC, and CH1786NH (only) requires external surge protection (see Figure 7B). This is mandatory to maintain FCC Part 68 conveyed approval. 8. The CH1786, the RJ-11C jack, the interfacing circuitry and all PCB traces in between, must be contained on a PCB with a 94 V-0 flammability rating. Page 11 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems 9. The supplied FCC registration label must be applied visibly on the outside of the product. FCC REGISTRATION All products in the CH1786 family are registered with the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) under Part 68. To maintain the validity of the registration, you must serve notice to the end user of the products of several restrictions the FCC places on the modem and its use. 10. The product's User Manual must provide the user with instructions for connection and use as recommended in the FCC Registration Section below. In addition to restriction notification, the FCC requires that Cermetek make all repairs to all products in the CH1786 family. If repairs are necessary after installation of the CH1786 in the end product and the end product has been delivered to the end user, the end product must be returned to the end product supplier where the CH1786 can be removed and then forward to Cermetek for repair. The following notice is recommended and should be included in the end product's user manual. CH1786 HANDLING AND ASSEMBLY RECOMMENDATIONS The CH1786 contains static-sensitive components and should only be handled by personnel and in areas that are properly protected against static discharge. The two recommended mounting techniques for physically connecting the CH1786 to a PCB are discussed below. FOR YOUR USER'S MANUAL The FCC Part 68 rules require the following (or equivalent) be provided to the end user of equipment containing a DAA. Type of Service. The (insert end product name) is designed to be used on standard device telephone lines. It connects tot he telephone line by means of a standard jack called the USOC RJ-11C (or USOC RJ45S). Connection to telephone-company-provided coin service (central office implemented systems) is prohibited. Connection to party lines service is subject to state tariffs. Changes in Attestation Procedure for Plugs and Jacks. (Name of applicant) attests that the network interface plugs or jacks used on this equipment comply with and will continue to comply with the mechanical requirements specified in Part 58, subpart F, specifically the dimensions, tolerances and metallic plating requirements. The compliance of these connectors will be assured by purchase specifications and incoming inspection. Documentation of such specifications and/ or inspections will be provided to the FCC within 30 days of their request for the same. Figure 6. Speaker Control Circuit: Optional to allow for call progress monitoring. Direct Soldering. The CH1786 may be wave soldered. All CH1786 products are hermetically sealed (except the CH1786NH) and will not be harmed by industry standard wave soldering processes. Cermetek recommends against exposing the non-hermetic CH1786NH to aqueous based rinsing processes. Socketing. The socketing approach to mounting eliminates cleaning and desoldering concerns. When the socket is used, it must make a solid connection to all pins. Failure to do so will cause unreliable or intermittent operation. Also, steps should be taken to assure that the module remains tightly seated in the socket during shipping. Cermetek recommends using sockets from Samtec. See Application Note # 130, Summary of Recommended Suppliers. 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Telephone Company Procedures. The goal of the telephone company is to provide you with the best service it can. In order to do this, it may occasionally be necessary for them to make changes in their equipment, operations or procedures. If theses changes might affect your service or the operation of your equipment, the telephone company will give you notice, in writing, to allow you to make any changes necessary to maintain uninterrupted service. Page 12 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems In certain circumstances, it may be necessary for the telephone company to request information from you concerning the equipment which you have connected to your telephone line. Upon request of the telephone company, provide the FCC registration number and the ringer equivalence number (REN); both of these items are listed on the equipment label. The sum of all of the REN's on your telephone lines should be less than five in order to assure proper service from the telephone company. In some cases, a sum of five may not be useable on given line. Consult your telephone provider. DEFAULT STATUS, PERFORMANCE, AND SPECIFICATIONS The following is a summary of the Default Configuration Profile installed by Cermetek Microelectronics, Incorporated, prior to delivery of the CH1786. Async mode selected 2400bps Bell 212A operation at 1200bps Even parity Auto answer enabled (Disabled on CH1786NH) Command echo ON All result codes enabled -extended Wait for dial tone before dialing =2 seconds Detects busy signal Full word result codes Pulse dial make/break ratio =39/61 DSR enabled Modem ignores DTR DCD enabled (Disabled on CH1786NH) Speaker enabled but off when receiving carrier Speaker volume set to medium Local modem will grant RDL request from remote modem Guard tones disabled Minimum DTR pulse width =0.1 seconds Ring count =01 (CH1786) Escape code character =43 Carriage return character =13 Line feed character =10 Back space character =08 Duration of wait for dial tone =02 seconds Duration of wait for carrier after dialing =30 seconds Duration of dial pulse (comma)=02 seconds Carrier detect response time =0.1 seconds Escape code guard time =1 second Length of use after comma =2.0 seconds Last carrier to hang up delay =0.1 seconds DTMF interdigit delay =0.1 seconds DTMF Attenuation =-4dB Sleep mode inactivity time =5 seconds Long space disconnect disabled If Problems Arise. If any of your telephone equipment is not operating properly, you should immediately remove it from your telephone line, as it may cause harm to the telephone network. If the telephone company notes a problem, they may temporarily discontinue service. When practical, they will notify you in advance of this disconnection. If advance notice is not feasible, you will be notified as soon as possible. When you are notified, you will be given the opportunity to correct the problem and informed of your right to file a complaint with the FCC. Contact your local telephone service provider if you have nay questions about your phone line. In the event repairs are ever needed on the (insert your product name), they should be performed by (insert your company name) or an authorized representative of (insert your company name). For information contact: (insert your company address). 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Page 13 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Figure 7. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems PSTN Line Interface for all CH1786 Products. 1. Currently Limiting PSTN Protection Line Device. Currently limiting devices are mandatory to meet UL safety standards. To maintain conveyed FCC Part 68 approval, the current limiting components identified as F1 and F2 in dashed Box #1 must also survive FCC Part 68 surge testing. Refer to Cermetek Application Note #126, Supplemental PSTN Line Protection, for more details. Refer to Application Note # 130, Summary of Recommend Suppliers, for a list of suppliers and associated part numbers. A resettable/repairable fuse (rated at 0.15 amps) is preferred because it resets automatically upon removal of the current flow. Non-resettable devices are also acceptable. Although CSA CS03 Part 1 (Canada) follows the requirements of FCC Part 68 (USA), Cermetek recommends contacting DOT (Canada) and/or a certified independent lab to verify compliance. 2. PSTN Current Limiting Resistors. Low value (10) carbon film 1/4 watt resistors may be required (identified as R1 and R2 in dashed Box 2), depending on end product application environment, to enhance performance by reducing susceptibility to PSTN current surges that may occur before the OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION device (identified as D1 in dashed Box 3) becomes fully activated. Refer to Cermetek Application Note # 130, Summary of Recommended Supplies, for a list of suppliers. 3. Over Voltage and Lightning Protection. Surge Protection is provided by internal circuitry contained within all CH1786s (except CH1786NH). No additional external components are required to maintain conveyed FCC Part 68 approval for all CH1786s Products (except CH1786NH). External 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Page 14 protection as indicated in dashed Box 4 MUST BE included when using CH1786NH products. 4. Optional External Over Voltage and Lightning Protection. In most environments, the internal two terminal surge suppressor (see dashed Box 3) is adequate. For severe environments, use an external three terminal device with an earth ground as is shown in dashed Box 4. 5. EMI/RFI Suppression. EMI/RFI suppression is recommended. This is for obtaining FCC part 15 A and/or B. It is also used to suppress external EMI / RFI signals that can affect modem operation, such as strong radio signals, should the modem be near a source of such signals. No external EMI/RFI noise suppression circuitry is required to maintain conveyed FCC Part 68 approval. Additional suppression may be added as described below without adversely affecting FCC Part 68 approval. A. To provide adequate EMI/RFI suppression, the capacitor/inductor network contained in dashed Box 5 should be located as close to the RJ-11C Jack as possible. Further, this network should be provided with an excellent ground path to the chassis. B. Capacitors C1 and C2 should not exceed 0.005f. They must have a rating of 1.5KV and typically are 0.001f 20%. Inductors L1 and L2 may be either individual inductors or a dual inductor. Refer to Application Note #130 for a complete list of recommended vendors and associated part numbers. For UL applications, choose capacitors and inductors that are UL 1950 listed. The actual values of the components used may vary depending on the end product design and the nature of the EMI/ RFI. Consult an FCC part 15 consultant if required. Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Table 7. CH1786 System Data Mode Compatibility Specifications. Parameter Specification Parameter Specification Asynchronous 2400, 1200 600 bps character Receive Carrier Originate 2400Hz 7Hz asynchronous. Frequencies Answer 1200Hz 7Hz 0-300 bps asynchronous V.22 bis, V.22, 212A Asynchronous Speed TXD may differ +1%, -2.5% Bell 103 Answer `space' 2020Hz Range from modem output. Offsets 7Hz will be corrected by adding/ Answer `mark' 2225Hz deleting stop bits. 7Hz Originate 'space' 1070Hz 7Hz Originate `mark' 1270Hz 7Hz Asynchronous Format 8,9,10 bits, including start, Receiver OFF to ON threshold -43 dBm stop, parity. Sensitivity ON to OFF threshold -48 dBm Telephone Line Interface Two-wire full duplex over Billing Delay 2.0 to 3.0 seconds (Ta=25C) public switched network. Onchip hybrid and billing delay timers. Modulation V.22 bis, 16 point QAM at 600 Hysteresis 2 dB minimum baud. V.22 and 212A, 4 point DPSK at 600 baud. 103 Binary phase coherent FSK. Self Test Pattern Alternate `ones' and `zeros' Line Fixed compromise Generator and error detector, to be used Equalization equalization, transmit. along with most loopbacks. A Adaptive equalizer for number indicating the bit PSK/QAM, receive. errors detected is sent to DTE. Transmit Carrier Originate 1200Hz .01% Diagnostic Local analog loopback. Frequencies V.22 bis, Answer 2400Hz .01% Available Local analog loopback. V.22, 212A Remote digital loopback. Request remote digital loopback. Local interface loopback modem with self-test. Bell 103 Originate 'space' 1070Hz Call Progress With speaker or quiet screen .01% Tones Detected messages (No dial tone, busy, Originate `mark' 1270Hz ring-back, modem answer tone .01% and voice). Answer `space' 2020Hz Computer IBX PC/XT/AT bus compatible .01% Interface with an 8250/16450/16550A UART as a serial controller. Answer `mark' 2225Hz .01% 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Page 15 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Table 8. CH1786 Electrical Specifications. Parameter VCC Description Positive Supply Voltage- Noise less than 50mV Min. Typ. Max. Units 4.75 5.0 5.25 V ICC Off Hook Nominal Operating Current when modem is OFF Hook 50 75 mA ICC On Hook Nominal Operating Current when modem is ON Hook 25 50 mA 10 mA ICCPD Power Down Current VIH High Level Input Voltage* 2 V VIL Low Level Input Voltage* -0.3 0.8 V IIN Input Leakage Current (TXD, DTR, RTS) 15 100 uA ILO Leakage Current DCD, HS, RXD, SLEEP, DSR 10 uA CP Capacitive Lead (TXT, DTR, RST) 10 pF VT+ Positive Hysteresis Threshold for RESET pin 2.5 V VT- Negative Hysteresis Threshold for RESET pin 1.8 V VOH High Level (IOH = 0.5mA)* VOL Low Level (IOL = 1.6mA)* 2.4 V 0.6 V Test conditions: VCC = 5V 10%, Temp = 0C to 70F (unless otherwise stated). *Output Load = 50 pF one TTL. Table 9. CH1786 Electrical Specifications. Parameter Off Hook Impedance Minimum Maximum 20 Trans Hybrid Loss Ring Voltage Loop Typical Units Ohms 25 75V dB 600 Ohm, RXA, TXA 250V Vpp On 48VDC line voltage for sustained periods 100 mA Line Loop Current-(OffHook) 20 Return Loss @ 1000Hz 15 dB Ring Frequencies 40 Hz Receiver Insertion Gain -0.5 Transmit Power Comments 0.0 +0.5 -9.5 dBm 600 Ohm 600 Ohm- Data Mode dB First Character After Reset 0.5 1.0 Inter Character Delay 20 50 msec Between all command characters Command Delay 100 200 msec Between all AT commands Minimum Reset Pulse Duration 10 msec If user supplied 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. 5 Page 16 sec Delay Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Table 10. Other Performance Specifications. Parameter Minimum Tone 2nd Harmonic Distortion DTMF Twist (Balance) Maximum Units -35 dB 3 DTMF Tone Duration 50 Pulse Dialing Rate 8 Pulse Dialing Make/ Break Pulse Dialing Make/ Break Pulse Interdigit Interval Guard Tone Frequency Guard Tone Amplitude Typical 10 Comments HYB enabled into 600 dB 255 ms 95ms default 20 pps 10pps default 39/61 % US, Canada default 33/67 % UK, Hong Kong ms 789ms default 550 Hz -6 dB Guard Tone Frequency Guard Tone Amplitude 1800 Hz -9 dB High Channel Transmit Amplitude Guard Tone 2nd Harmonic Distortion Call Progress Passband Frequency Wait Time for Dial tone -1 dB Referenced to High Channel Transmit Referenced to High Channel Transmit Referenced to High Channel Transmit Referenced to High Channel Transmit Referenced to Low channel, Guard tone enabled -40 dB 700 3000 120 620 Hz 2 255 sec Two second default dB Tr=600 + 2.16 F Return loss @ 1000Hz 30 Table 11. Analog Characteristics. Name SPK 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Type O(DF) Characteristic Minimum Load Maximum Capacitive Load Output Impedance Output voltage D.C. Offset Page 17 Value 300 0.01 10 2.5 1.6V <20mV Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Table 12. CH1786 Pin Functions. PACKAGE CONNECTION TABLE Figure 8. PIN NO. FUNCTION PIN NO. FUNCTION 1 RING 12 V/D 2 TIP 13 DTR 3 RXA 14 DSR 4 TXA 15 RI 5 SPK 16 CTS 6 NC 17 DCD 7 NC 18 HS 8 SLEEP 19 VCC 9 NC 20 GND 10 TXD 21 RST 11 RXD 22 NC CH1786 Physical Dimensions. 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Page 18 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04) Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. CH1786 Family of Ultra Small 2400bps Modems Table 13. Summary CH1786 Family of Products. Operating Temperature 0C to 70C Model CH1786 Summary of Features Full function, Voice/Inject, NVRAM, FCC Part 68 approved, UL 1950 Listed, Hermetic CH1786ET Full function, Voice/Inject, NVRAM, Zero Power Option, FCC Part 68 Approved, UL 1950 Listed, Hermetic -40C to 85C CH1786FX Full function, FAX, Voice/Inject, NVRAM, FCC Part 68 approved, UL 1950 Listed, Hermetic 0C to 70C CH1786LC Full function, Voice/Inject, FCC Part 68 Approved, UL 1950 Listed, Hermetic 0C to 70C CH1786NH Full function, FCC Part 68 Approved, Non-Hermetic, Listed UL 1950 0C to 70C Cermetek reserves the right to make changes in specifications at any time and without notice. The information furnished by Cermetek in this publication is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Cermetek assumes no responsibility for its use, or for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties resulting from its use. No license is granted under any patents or patent rights of Cermetek. Cermetek provides the user with a FCC/DOT Approved or Approvable device. However Cermetek does not have influence or knowledge of Application environment. Therefore, for FCC Approved or Approvable devices, the user assumes all risk for maintaining compliance to registration. Printed in U.S.A 406 TASMAN DRIVE | SUNNYVALE CA 94089 | LOCAL: 408-752-5000 | TOLL FREE: 1-800-882-6271 | FAX: 408-752-5004 CERMETEK WEB SITE: http://www.cermetek.com | EMAIL: sales@cermetek.com iModem Network WEB SITE: http://www.imodem.net/ or https://sunnyvale.imodem.net/ 2004 Cermetek Microelectronics, Inc. Page 19 Document No. 607-0004 Revision L4 (08/04)