V to Hz 2 click
PID: MIKROE-3131
Weight: 30 g
V to Hz 2 click is a device that converts
an analog voltage input signal into a pulse
wave signal of a certain frequency. It has a
linear response, so applying a voltage in a
range of 0 to 3.3V on its input, will result in
generating the pulse train with frequency
linearly proportional to the input voltage.
This click features very good linearity,
covers a frequency range between 200 Hz
to 120 kHz, and it has good temperature
stability.
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Table of contents
1. How does it work?
2. Specifications
3. Onboard jumpers and settings
4. Pinout diagram
5. Software support
6. mikroSDK
7. Downloads
This device is well suited to be used in a number of various voltage to
frequency applications: it can be used in instrumentation applications,
industrial, and automation markets. It is well suited for use in AD
conversion, long-term integration, linear frequency modulation, voltage-to-
frequency conversion and it can be used as the variable clock signal
generator. Its function can be complemented by the Hz to V 2 click, which
does the opposite type of conversion: frequency into DC voltage. This can be
utilized to build an FM modulator/demodulator application, for example.
How does it work?
The main component of the V to Hz 2 click is the VFC32KU, a voltage-to-
frequency and frequency-to-voltage converter from Texas Instruments. It
accepts voltage at its input and generates a pulse train, with a frequency
linearly proportional to the input voltage. The pulse train is routed to a
screw terminal labeled as FOUT, as well as the mikroBUS™ INT pin, labeled
as FO. The signal can be then further processed by the host MCU.
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When V to Hz 2 click is operated for the first time, it needs to be calibrated.
The click is equipped with two variable resistors for gain and offset fine-
tuning. A calibration procedure should be executed before the first use of
the Click board™ since even slight variations in the components tolerances
could affect the value at the output. It is recommended to correct the offset
after longer time intervals, to compensate for the aging of the passive
components on the Click board™. It is done by introducing a known voltage
at the input, and adjusting the gain and the offset, until the signal with the
expected frequency appears on the output.
As already discussed, V to Hz 2 click is equipped with the input voltage
terminal (VEXT), which is used to connect the control voltage up to 3.3V.
Besides having control voltage input on this terminal, it is possible to select
the voltage generated by the MCU as the control voltage input, too. INPUT
SEL switch can be set so that the PWM pin from the mikroBUS™ is used as
the control voltage input. The PWM signal generated by the MCU is filtered
out by the onboard low pass filter so that the control voltage remains
constant.
The VFC32KU IC requires a dual power supply with ±15V. Therefore, this Click
board™ utilizes another IC in order to provide the required voltages. It uses
the TPS65131, a positive and negative output DC/DC Converter, from Texas
Instruments. This DC/DC converter has already been used in Boost-INV 2
click, so it was tested "on the field" for this purpose. Providing well-stabilized
output with the plenty of power headroom, it is a perfect solution for the V
to Hz 2 click, also.
To enable the conversion circuitry, the EN pin of the TPS65131 boost
converter should be pulled to a HIGH logic level. This will activate the boost
converter and provide the required power for the VFC32KU IC. This pin is
routed to the mikroBUS™ CS pin and it is labeled as EN.
Specifications
Applications
It is well suited for use in AD conversion, long-
term integration, linear frequency modulation,
voltage-to-frequency conversion and it can be
used as the variable clock signal generator
On-board modules
VFC32KU, a voltage-to-frequency and frequency-
to-voltage converter from Texas Instruments;
TPS65131, a positive and negative output DC/DC
Converter, from Texas Instruments
Key Benefits
V to HZ click features very good linearity, covers a
wide frequency range and it has good
temperature stability. Onboard high-precision
trimmer potentiometers for increased accuracy
of the converted pulse train signal, and its
frequency persistence
Interface GPIO,PWM
Input Voltage 3.3V
Click board size M (42.9 x 25.4 mm)
Onboard jumpers and settings
Label Name Default Description
LD1 PWR -Power LED indicator
SW1 INPUT SEL Left
Input signal source selection: left position
mikroBUS™ FIN pin, right position FEXT
input terminal
TB1 FOUT -Converted AC voltage output
TB2 VEXT -External DC input signal
Pinout diagram
This table shows how the pinout on V to Hz 2 click corresponds to the
pinout on the mikroBUS™ socket (the latter shown in the two middle
columns).
Notes Pin Pin Notes
NC 1AN PWM 16 PWM PWM IN
NC 2RST INT 15 FO AC Signal
OUT
Boost IC
Enable EN 3CS RX 14 NC
NC 4SCK TX 13 NC
NC 5MISO SCL 12 NC
NC 6MOSI SDA 11 NC
Power Supply 3.3V 73.3V 5V 10 NC
Ground GND 8GND GND 9GND Ground
Software support
We provide a library for the V to Hz 2 Click on our LibStock page, as well as a
demo application (example), developed using MikroElektronika compilers.
The demo can run on all the main MikroElektronika development boards.
Library Description
Library initializes and defines GPIO driver and performs commands that can
enable or disable the device and get frequency (FOUT) by getting the state of
the INT pin. For more details check the documentation.
Key functions :
void vtohz2_enable( uint8_t state ) - The function performs enabling and
disabling of the device.
uint8_t vtohz2_getFreqOut( void ) - The function gets the out frequency on
mikroBUS INT pin.
Example description
The application is composed of three sections:
System Initialization - Initializes peripherals and pins.
Application Initialization - Initializes GPIO driver, performs the device enable and
sets the PWM frequency. Also writes help with the possible instructions.
Application Task - (code snippet) - Checks which command be entered on
UART and sets the PWM duty cycle depending on the entered command.
void applicationTask()
{
if (UART_Rdy_Ptr())
{
rxDat = UART_Rd_Ptr();
if ((rxDat == '+') && (percCheck < 100))
{
pwmDutySum += onePercPwm;
percCheck += 1;
}
else if ((rxDat == '‐') && (percCheck > 0))
{
pwmDutySum ‐= onePercPwm;
percCheck ‐= 1;
}
else if ((rxDat == '*') && (percCheck <= 90))
{
pwmDutySum += tenPercPwm;
percCheck += 10;
}
else if ((rxDat == '/') && (percCheck >= 10))
{
pwmDutySum ‐= tenPercPwm;
percCheck ‐= 10;
}
else if (rxDat == 'h')
{
vtohz2_writeHelp();
}
pwmDuty = pwmDutySum;
vtohz2_setSpeed( pwmDuty );
mikrobus_logWrite( "PWM Duty is : ", _LOG_TEXT );
WordToStr( percCheck, text );
mikrobus_logWrite( text, _LOG_TEXT );
mikrobus_logWrite( " %", _LOG_LINE );
}
}
Additional functions :
void vtohz2_writeHelp() - Writes instructions that perform the determined
commands.
void vtohz2_setSpeed( uint16_t pwm_duty ) - Determines the desired
PWM duty cycle and checks the limit of the PWM duty.
void vtohz2_pwmInit( uint32_t pwm_freq ) - Initializes the PWM with the
desired frequency and calculates the maximal value of the PWM duty cycle.
The full application code, and ready to use projects can be found on
our LibStock page.
Other mikroE Libraries used in the example:
PRODUCTS IN THE SAME CATEGORY
Conversions
PWM
UART
Additional notes and information
Depending on the development board you are using, you may need USB
UART click, USB UART 2 click or RS232 click to connect to your PC, for
development systems with no UART to USB interface available on the board.
The terminal available in all MikroElektronika compilers, or any other
terminal application of your choice, can be used to read the message.
mikroSDK
This click board is supported with mikroSDK - MikroElektronika Software
Development Kit. To ensure proper operation of mikroSDK compliant click
board demo applications, mikroSDK should be downloaded from
the LibStock and installed for the compiler you are using.
For more information about mikroSDK, visit the official page.
Downloads
mikroBUS™ Standard specification
LibStock: mikroSDK
TPS65131 Datasheet
V to Hz 2 click Schematic
VFC32KU Datasheet
V to Hz 2 click: 2D and 3D files
V to Hz 2 click - Libstock Library
Click Boards™ Catalog
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