NC
ANODE
CATHODE
NC
V
CC
V
B
V
O
GND
HCPL-4701/070A
V
O2
V
O1
V
CC
GND
ANODE
1
CATHODE
1
CATHODE
2
ANODE
2
7
5
6
8
2
3
4
1
TRUTH TABLE
LED
ON
OFF
VO
LOW
HIGH
7
5
6
8
2
3
4
1
HCPL-4731/073A
Features
•Ultra low input current capability - 40 µA
•Specified for 3 V operation
Typical power consumption: <1 mW
Input power: <50 µW
Output power: <500 µW
•Will operate with VCC as low as 1.6 V
•High current transfer ratio: 3500% at IF = 40 µA
•TTL and CMOS compatible output
•Specified ac and dc performance over temperature:
0°C to 70°C
•Safety approval:
UL recognized – 3750 V rms for 1 minute and
5000 V rms* for 1 minute per UL1577
CSA approved
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 approved with
VIORM = 630 V peak
(Option 060) for HCPL-4701
•8-pin product compatible with 6N138/6N139 and
HCPL-2730/HCPL-2731
•Available in 8-Pin DIP and SOIC-8 footprint
•Through hole and surface mount assembly available
CAUTION: It is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly of this component to
prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by ESD.
Functional Diagram
*5000 V rms/1 Minute rating is for Option 020 (HCPL-4701 and HCPL-4731) products only.
A 0.1 µF bypass capacitor connected between pins 8 and 5 is recommended.
Applications
•Battery operated applications
•ISDN telephone interface
•Ground isolation between logic families – TTL, LSTTL,
CMOS, HCMOS, HL-CMOS, LV-HCMOS
•Low input current line receiver
•EIA RS-232C line receiver
•Telephone ring detector
•AC line voltage status indicator – low input power
dissipation
•Low power systems – ground isolation
•Portable system I/O interface
HCPL-4701/-4731/-070A/-073A
Very L o w Pow er Consumption High Gain Optocouplers
Data Sheet
2
Description
These devices are very low power consumption, high
gain single and dual channel optocouplers. The
HCPL-4701 represents the single channel 8-Pin DIP
configuration and is pin compatible with the industry
standard 6N139. The HCPL-4731 represents the dual
channel 8-Pin DIP configuration and is pin
compatible with the popular standard HCPL-2731.
The HCPL-070A and HCPL-073A are the equivalent
single and dual channel products in an SO-8 footprint.
Each channel can be driven with an input current as
low as 40 µA and has a typical current transfer ratio of
3500%.
These high gain couplers use an AlGaAs LED and an
integrated high gain photodetector to provide an
extremely high current transfer ratio between input
and output. Separate pins for the photodiode and
output stage results in TTL compatible saturation
voltages and high speed operation. Where desired, the
VCC and VO terminals may be tied together to achieve
conventional Darlington operation (single channel
package only).
These devices are designed for use in CMOS, LSTTL
or other low power applications. They are especially
well suited for ISDN telephone interface and battery
operated applications due to the low power
consumption. A 700% minimum current transfer ratio
is guaranteed from 0°C to 70°C operating temperature
range at 40 µA of LED current and VCC ≥3V.
The SO-8 does not require “through holes” in a PCB.
This package occupies approximately one-third the
footprint area of the standard dual-in-line package.
The lead profile is designed to be compatible with
standard surface mount processes.
Selection Guide
Widebody
8-Pin DIP Package Hermetic
(300 Mil) Small Outline SO-8 (400 mil) Single and
Dual Single Dual Minimum Absolute Dual
Single Channel Channel Channel Single Input ON Maxi- Channel
Channel Package Package Package Channel Current Minimum mum Packages
Package HCPL- HCPL- HCPL- Package (IF)CTR VCC HCPL-
6N139[1] 2731[1] 0701[1] 0731[1] HCNW139[1] 0.5 mA 400% 18 V
6N138[1] 2730[1] 0700[1] 0730[1] HCNW138[1] 1.6 mA 300% 7 V
HCPL-4701 4731 070A 0730A 40 µA800% 18 V
0.5 mA 300% 20 V 5701[1]
5700[1]
5731[1]
5730[1]
Notes:
1. Technical data are on separate Avago publication.
3
Ordering Information
HCPL-4701, HCPL-4731, HCPL-070A and HCPL-073A are UL Recognized with 3750 Vrms for 1 minute per
UL1577 and are approved under CSA Component Acceptance Notice #5, File CA 88324.
Option
Part RoHS non RoHS Surface Gull Tape UL 5000 Vrms/ IEC/EN/DIN
Number Compliant Compliant Package Mount Wing & Reel 1 Minute rating EN 60747-5-2 Quantity
-000E no option 300 mil DIP-8 50 per tube
-300E -300 X X 50 per tube
-500E -500 X X X 1000 per reel
HCPL-4701
-020E -020 X 50 per tube
HCPL-4731
-320E -320 X X X 50 per tube
-520E -520 X X X X 1000 per reel
-060E -060 X 50 per tube
-360E -360 X X X 50 per tube
-560E -560 X X X X 1000 per reel
-000E no option SO-8 100 per tube
HCPL-070A
-500E -500 X X X 1500 per reel
HCPL-073A
-060E -060 X 100 per tube
-560E -560 X X X X 1500 per reel
To order, choose a part number from the part number column and combine with the desired option from
the option column to form an order entry.
Example 1:
HCPL-4701-560E to order product of 300 mil DIP Gull Wing Surface Mount package in Tape and Reel
packaging with IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 Safety Approval and RoHS compliant.
Example 2:
HCPL-070A to order product of Surface Mount Small Outline SO-8 package and non RoHS compliant.
Option datasheets are available. Contact your Avago sales representative or authorized distributor for
information.
Remarks: The notation ‘#XXX’ is used for existing products, while (new) products launched since July
15, 2001 and RoHS compliant will use ‘–XXXE.’
4
I
F2
6
5GND
3
4
V
O2
V
F2
I
O2
+
–
I
F1
8
7V
CC
1
2
V
O1
I
CC
V
F1
I
O1
–
+
SHIELD
USE OF A 0.1 µF BYPASS CAPACITOR CONNECTED
BETWEEN PINS 5 AND 8 IS RECOMMENDED (SEE NOTE 8)
Schematic
HCPL-4701 and HCPL-070A HCPL-4731 and HCPL-073A
I
F
8
V
CC
2
3
I
CC
V
F
ANODE
CATHODE
+
–
V
B
I
B
6
5GND
V
O
I
O
7
SHIELD
5
Package Outline Drawings
8-Pin DIP Package (HCPL-4701, HCPL-4731)
8-Pin DIP Package with Gull Wing Surface Mount Option 300 (HCPL-4701, HCPL-4731)
9.65 ± 0.25
(0.380 ± 0.010)
1.78 (0.070) MAX.
1.19 (0.047) MAX.
A XXXXZ
YYWW
DATE CODE
1.080 ± 0.320
(0.043 ± 0.013) 2.54 ± 0.25
(0.100 ± 0.010)
0.51 (0.020) MIN.
0.65 (0.025) MAX.
4.70 (0.185) MAX.
2.92 (0.115) MIN.
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS AND (INCHES).
5678
4321
5° TYP.
OPTION CODE*
0.254 + 0.076
- 0.051
(0.010+ 0.003)
- 0.002)
7.62 ± 0.25
(0.300 ± 0.010)
6.35 ± 0.25
(0.250 ± 0.010)
TYPE NUMBER
*MARKING CODE LETTER FOR OPTION NUMBERS
"L" = OPTION 020
"V" = OPTION 060
OPTION NUMBERS 300 AND 500 NOT MARKED.
NOTE: FLOATING LEAD PROTRUSION IS 0.25 mm (10 mils) MAX.
3.56 ± 0.13
(0.140 ± 0.005)
0.635 ± 0.25
(0.025 ± 0.010) 12° NOM.
9.65 ± 0.25
(0.380 ± 0.010)
0.635 ± 0.130
(0.025 ± 0.005)
7.62 ± 0.25
(0.300 ± 0.010)
5
6
7
8
4
3
2
1
9.65 ± 0.25
(0.380 ± 0.010)
6.350 ± 0.25
(0.250 ± 0.010)
1.016 (0.040)
1.27 (0.050)
10.9 (0.430)
2.0 (0.080)
LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION
1.080 ± 0.320
(0.043 ± 0.013)
3.56 ± 0.13
(0.140 ± 0.005)
1.780
(0.070)
MAX.
1.19
(0.047)
MAX.
2.54
(0.100)
BSC
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES).
LEAD COPLANARITY = 0.10 mm (0.004 INCHES).
NOTE: FLOATING LEAD PROTRUSION IS 0.25 mm (10 mils) MAX.
0.254 + 0.076
- 0.051
(0.010+ 0.003)
- 0.002)
6
Small-Outline SO-8 Package (HCPL-070A, HCPL-073A)
XXX
YWW
8765
4321
5.994 ± 0.203
(0.236 ± 0.008)
3.937 ± 0.127
(0.155 ± 0.005)
0.406 ± 0.076
(0.016 ± 0.003) 1.270
(0.050)BSC
* 5.080 ± 0.127
(0.200 ± 0.005)
3.175 ± 0.127
(0.125 ± 0.005) 1.524
(0.060)
45° X 0.432
(0.017)
0.228 ± 0.025
(0.009 ± 0.001)
TYPE NUMBER
(LAST 3 DIGITS)
DATE CODE
0.305
(0.012)MIN.
* TOTAL PACKAGE LENGTH (INCLUSIVE OF MOLD FLASH)
5.207 ± 0.254 (0.205 ± 0.010)
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES).
LEAD COPLANARITY = 0.10 mm (0.004 INCHES) MAX.
0.203 ± 0.102
(0.008 ± 0.004)
7°
NOTE: FLOATING LEAD PROTRUSION IS 0.15 mm (6 mils) MAX.
7.49 (0.295)
1.9 (0.075)
0.64 (0.025)
LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION
PIN ONE
Solder Reflow Thermal Profile
0
TIME (SECONDS)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
200
100
50 150100 200 250
300
0
30
SEC.
50 SEC.
30
SEC.
160°C
140°C
150°C
PEAK
TEMP.
245°C
PEAK
TEMP.
240°C PEAK
TEMP.
230°C
SOLDERING
TIME
200°C
PREHEATING TIME
150°C, 90 + 30 SEC.
2.5°C ± 0.5°C/SEC.
3°C + 1°C/–0.5°C
TIGHT
TYPICAL
LOOSE
ROOM
TEMPERATURE
PREHEATING RATE 3°C + 1°C/–0.5°C/SEC.
REFLOW HEATING RATE 2.5°C ± 0.5°C/SEC.
Figure 1a. Solder Reflow Thermal Profile.
Note: Non-halide flux should be used.
7
Regulatory Information
The HCPL-4701/4731 and HCPL-
070A/073A have been approved
by the following organizations:
UL
Recognized under UL 1577,
Component Recognition
Program, File E55361.
CSA
Approved under CSA Component
Acceptance Notice #5, File CA
88324.
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2
Approved under:
IEC 60747-5-2:1997 + A1:2002
EN 60747-5-2:2001 + A1:2002
DIN EN 60747-5-2 (VDE 0884
Teil 2):2003-01.
(Option 060 only)
Insulation Related Specifications
8-Pin DIP
(300 Mil) SO-8
Parameter Symbol Value Value Units Conditions
Minimum External Air L(101) 7.1 4.9 mm Measured from input terminals to
Gap (External output terminals, shortest distance
Clearance) through air.
Minimum External L(102) 7.4 4.8 mm Measured from input terminals to
Tracking (External output terminals, shortest distance
Creepage) path along body.
Minimum Internal Plastic 0.08 0.08 mm Through insulation distance, conductor
Gap (Internal Clearance) to conductor, usually the direct
distance between the photoemitter and
photodetector inside the optocoupler
cavity.
Tracking Resistance CTI 200 200 Volts DIN IEC 112/ VDE 0303 Part 1
(Comparative Tracking
Index)
Isolation Group IIIa IIIa Material Group DIN VDE 0110,
1/89, Table 1)
Option 300 – surface mount classification is Class A in accordance with CECC 00802.
Figure 1b. Pb-Free IR Profile.
Recommended Pb-Free IR Profile
217 °C
RAMP-DOWN
6 °C/SEC. MAX.
RAMP-UP
3 °C/SEC. MAX.
150 - 200 °C
260 +0/-5 °C
t 25 °C to PEAK
60 to 150 SEC.
20-40 SEC.
TIME WITHIN 5 °C of ACTUAL
PEAK TEMPERA TURE
t
p
t
s
PREHEAT
60 to 180 SEC.
t
L
T
L
T
smax
T
smin
25
T
p
TIME
TEMPERATURE
NOTES:
THE TIME FROM 25 °C to PEAK TEMPERATURE = 8 MINUTES MAX.
T
smax
= 200 °C, T
smin
= 150 °C
Note: Non-halide flux should be used.
8
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 Insulation Related Characteristics (HCPL-4701 OPTION 060 ONL Y)
Description Symbol Characteristic Units
Installation classification per DIN VDE 0110/1.89, Table 1
for rated mains voltage ≤300 V rms I-IV
for rated mains voltage ≤450 V rms I-III
Climatic Classification 55/85/21
Pollution Degree (DIN VDE 0110/1.89) 2
Maximum Working Insulation Voltage VIORM 630 V peak
Input to Output Test Voltage, Method b*
VIORM x 1.87 = VPR, 100% Production Test with tm = 1 sec, VPR 1181 V peak
Partial Discharge < 5 pC
Input to Output Test Voltage, Method a*
VIORM x 1.5 = VPR, Type and sample test, VPR 945 V peak
tm = 60 sec, Partial Discharge < 5 pC
Highest Allowable Overvoltage*
(Transient Overvoltage, tini = 10 sec) VIOTM 6000 V peak
Safety Limiting Values
(Maximum values allowed in the event of a failure,
also see Figure 16, Thermal Derating curve.)
Case Temperature TS175 °C
Input Current IS,INPUT 230 mA
Output Power PS,OUTPUT 600 mW
Insulation Resistance at TS, VIO = 500 V RS>109Ω
*Refer to the front of the optocoupler section of the current catalog, under Product Safety Regulations section, IEC/EN/DIN EN
60747-5-2, for a detailed description.
Note: Isolation characteristics are guaranteed only within the safety maximum ratings which must be ensured by protective circuits in
application.
9
Absolute Maximum Ratings
(No Derating Required up to 70°C)
Parameter Symbol Minimum Maximum Units
Storage Temperature TS-55 125 °C
Operating Temperature TA-40 85 °C
Average Forward Input Current (HCPL-4701/4731) IF(AVG) 10 mA
Average Forward Input Current (HCPL-070A/073A) IF(AVG) 5mA
Peak Transient Input Current (HCPL-4701/4731) IFPK 20 mA
(50% Duty Cycle, 1 ms Pulse Width)
Peak Transient Input Current (HCPL-070A/073A) IFPK 10 mA
(50% Duty Cycle, 1 ms Pulse Width)
Reverse Input Voltage VR2.5 V
Input Power Dissipation (Each Channel) PI15 mW
Output Current (Each Channel) IO60 mA
Emitter Base Reverse Voltage (HCPL-4701/070A) VEB 0.5 V
Output Transistor Base Current (HCPL-4701/070A) IB5mA
Supply Voltage VCC -0.5 18 V
Output Voltage VO-0.5 18 V
Output Power Dissipation (Each Channel) PO100 mW
Total Power Dissipation (Each Channel) PT115 mW
Lead Solder Temperature (for Through Hole Devices) 260°C for 10 sec., 1.6 mm below seating plane
Reflow Temperature Profile See Package Outline Drawings section
(for SOIC-8 and Option #300)
Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter Symbol Min. Max. Units
Power Supply Voltage VCC*1.6 18 V
Forward Input Current (ON) IF(ON) 40 5000 µA
Forward Input Voltage (OFF) VF(OFF) 00.8 V
Operating Temperature TA070 °C
*See Note 1.
10
Electrical Specifications
0°C ≤TA ≤70°C, 4.5 V ≤VCC ≤20 V, 1.6 mA ≤IF(ON) ≤5 mA, 0 V ≤VF(OFF) ≤0.8 V, unless otherwise
specified. All Typicals at TA = 25°C. See note 8.
Device
Parameter Symbol HCPL- Min. Typ.* Max. Units Test Conditions Fig. Note
Current CTR 800 3500 25k % IF = 40 µA, VO = 0.4 V 4, 5 2
Transfer VCC = 4.5 V
600 3000 8k IF = 0.5 mA,
VCC = 4.5 V
700 3200 25k IF = 40 µA
500 2700 8k IF = 0.5 mA
Logic Low VOL 0.06 0.4 V IF = 40 µA, IO = 280 µA2, 3
0.04 0.4 IF = 0.5 mA, IO = 2.5 mA
Logic High IOH 0.01 5 µAV
O = VCC = 3 to 7 V,
Output Current IF = 0 mA
0.02 80 VO = VCC = 18 V,
IF = 0 mA
Logic Low ICCL 470 1/070A 0.02 0.2 mA IF = 40 µAV
O = Open
0.1 1 IF = 0.5 mA
4731/073A 0.04 0.4 IF = 40 µA
0.2 2.0 IF = 0.5 mA
Logic High ICCH 4701/070A <0.01 10 µAI
F = 0 mA VO = Open
4731/073A <0.01 20
Input Forward VF1.1 1.25 1.4 V IF = 40 to 500 µA, 6
Voltage TA = 25°C
0.95 1.5 IF = 40 to 500 µA
Input Reverse BVR3.0 5.0 V IR = 100 µA, TA = 25°C
2.5 IR = 100 µA
Temperature ∆VF/∆TA-2.0 mV/°CI
F = 40 µA
-1.6 IF = 0.5 mA
Input Capacitance CIN 18 pF f = 1 MHz, VF = 0 V
*All typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.
Ratio
Supply Current
Supply Current
Output V oltage
Coefficient of
Forward V oltage
Breakdown
Voltage
11
Package Characteristics
Device
Parameter Symbol HCPL- Min. Typ.* Max. Units Test Conditions Fig. Note
Input-Output Momentary VISO 3750 V rms RH ≤50%, 3, 4
Withstand Voltage** t = 1 min.,
Option 020 4701 5000 3, 4a
4731
Resistance RI-O 1012 ΩVI-O = 500 VDC 3
(Input-Output) RH ≤45%
Capacitance CI-O 0.6 pF f = 1 MHz 3
(Input-Output)
Insulation Leakage II-I 4731 0.005 µARH ≤45%, t = 5 s, 5
Current (Input-Input) 073A VI-I = 500 VDC
Resistance (Input-Input) RI-I 1011 Ω
Capacitance CI-I 4731 0.03 pF f = 1 MHz 5
(Input-Input) 073A 0.25
*All typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 5 V.
**The Input-Output Momentary Withstand Voltage is a dielectric voltage rating that should not be interpreted as an input-output
continuous voltage rating. For the continuous voltage rating refer to the IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 Insulation Characteristics
Table (if applicable), your equipment level safety specification or Avago Application Note 1074 entitled “Optocoupler Input-Output
Endurance Voltage.”
Switching Specifications (AC)
Over Recommended Operating Conditions TA = 0°C to 70°C, VCC = 3 V to 18 V, unless otherwise specified.
Device
Parameter Symbol HCPL- Min. Typ.* Max. Units Test Conditions Fig. Note
Propagation tPHL 65 500 µsI
F = 40 µA, RL = 11 to 16 kΩ,7, 99, 10
Delay Time VCC = 3.3 to 5 V
325 T
A = 25°C I
F = 0.5 mA,
30
Propagation tPLH 70 500 µsI
F = 40 µA, RL = 1 1 to 1 6 kΩ,7, 99, 10
Delay Time VCC = 3.3 to 5 V
34 60 TA = 25°C IF = 0.5 mA,
4701/4731 90
070A/073A 130
Common Mode |CMH|1,000 1 0,000 V/µsI
F = 0 mA, RL = 4.7 to 11 kΩ,86, 7
Transient VCM = 10 Vp-p,
Immunity at TA = 25°C,
Logic High
Output
Common Mode |CML|1,000 10,000 V/µsI
F = 0.5 mA, RL = 4.7 to 11 kΩ,86, 7
Transient |VCM| = 10 Vp-p,
Immunity at TA = 25°C
2,000 IF = 40 µA, RL = 11 to 16 kΩ,
|VCM| = 10 Vp-p
VCC = 3.3 to 5 V, TA = 25°C
*All typical values at TA = 25°C and VCC = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.
to Logic Low
at Output RL = 4.7 kΩ
to Logic High
Output RL = 4.7 kΩ
Logic Low
Output
TA = 25°C
12
Notes:
1. Specification information is available
form the factory for 1.6 V operation.
Call your local field sales office for
further information.
2. DC CURRENT TRANSFER RATIO is
defined as the ratio of output
collector current, IO, to the forward
LED input current, IF, times 100%.
3. Device considered a two terminal
device: pins 1, 2, 3, and 4 shorted
together, and pins 5, 6, 7, and 8
shorted together.
4. In accordance with UL 1577, each
optocoupler is proof tested by
applying an insulation test voltage
≥4500 VRMS for 1 second (leakage
detection current limit, II-O ≤5 µA.
4a. In accordance with UL 1577, each
optocoupler is proof tested by
applying an insulation test voltage
≥6000 VRMS for 1 second (leakage
detection current limit, II-O ≤5 µA.
This test is performed before the
100% production test for partial
discharge (Method b) shown in the
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 Insulation
Characteristics Table.
5. Measured between pins 1 and 2
shorted together, and pins 3 and 4
shorted together.
6. Common transient immunity in a
Logic High level is the maximum
tolerable (positive) dVCM/dt on the
leading edge of the common mode
pulse, VCM, to assure that the output
will remain in a Logic High state (i.e.,
VO > 2.0 V). Common transient
immunity in a Logic Low level is he
maximum tolerable (negative)
dVCM/dt on the trailing edge of the
common mode pulse, VCM, to assure
that the output will remain in a Logic
Low state (i.e., VO < 0.8 V).
7. In applications where dV/dt may
exceed 50,000 V/µs (such as static
discharge) a series resistor, RCC,
should be included to protect the
detector IC form destructively high
surge currents. The recommended
value is RCC = 220 Ω.
8. Use of a 0.1 µF bypass capacitor con-
nected between pins 8 and 5 adjacent
to the device is recommended.
9. Pin 7 open for single channel product.
10. Use of resistor between pins 5 and 7
will decrease gain and delay time.
Significant reduction in overall gain
can occur when using resistor values
below 47 kΩ for single channel
product.
11. The Applications Information section
of this data sheet references the
HCPL-47XX part family, but applies
equally to the HCPL-070A and HCPL-
073A parts.
Figure 2. DC Transfer Characteristics
(IF= 0.5 mA to 2.5 mA). Figure 3. DC Transfer Characteristics
(IF = 50 µA to 250 µA). Figure 4. Current Transfer Ratio vs.
Forward Current.
Figure 5. Output Current vs. Input
Diode Forward Current. Figure 6. Input Diode Forward
Current vs. Forward Voltage. Figure 7. Propagation Delay vs.
Temperature.
I
O
– OUTPUT CURRENT – mA
0
7
0
V
O
– OUTPUT VOLTAGE – V
2.0
6
5
4
3
2
1
1.0
T
A
= 25°C
V
CC
= 5 V
I
F
= 250 µA
I
F
= 200 µA
I
F
= 150 µA
I
F
= 100 µA
I
F
= 50 µA
I
F
– FORWARD CURRENT – mA
0.8
0.01
V
F
– FORWARD VOLTAGE
1.5
10
1.0
0.1
0.9 1.3
100
1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4
T
A
= 25°C
I
F
V
F
+
–
IO – OUTPUT CURRENT – mA
0
27
0
VO – OUTPUT VOLTAGE – V
2.0
24
21
18
15
12
9
6
3
1.0
TA = 25°C
VCC = 5 V
I
F
= 2.5 mA
I
F
= 2.0 mA
I
F
= 1.5 mA
I
F
= 1.0 mA
I
F
= 0.5 mA
NORMALIZED CURRENT TRANSFER RATIO
0.01
1.25
0
IF – FORWARD CURRENT – mA
10
0.75
0.5
0.25
0.1 1.0
1.0 25°C
70°C
0°C
NORMALIZED
IF = 40 µA
VO = 0.4 V
VCC = 5 V
IO – OUTPUT CURRENT – mA
0
9
0
IF – INPUT DIODE FORWARD CURRENT – mA
0.5
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0.1
VO = 0.4 V
VCC = 5 V
0.2 0.3 0.4
25°C
0°C
70°C
I
P
– PROPAGATION DELAY – µs
0
0
T
A
– TEMPERATURE – °C
70
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
50
I
F
= 0.5 mA
R
L
= 4.7 kΩ
10 20 30 40 60
t
PLH
t
PHL
13
Figure 9. Switching Test Circuit.
Applications Information
Low-Power Operation
Current Gain
There are many applications
where low-power isolation is
needed and can be provided by
the single-channel HCPL-4701, or
the dual-channel HCPL-4731 low-
power optocouplers. Either or
both of these two devices are
referred to in this text as HCPL-
47XX product(s). These opto-
couplers are Avago’s lowest input
current, low-power optocouplers.
Low-power isolation can be
defined as less than a milliwatt of
input power needed to operate
the LED of an optocoupler
(generally less than 500 µA). This
level of input forward current
conducting through the LED can
control a worst-case total output
(Iol) and power supply current
(Iccl) of two and a half
milliamperes. Typically, the
HCPL-47XX can control a total
output and supply current of 15
mA. The output current, IO is
determined by the LED forward
current multiplied by the current
gain of the optocoupler,
IO=I
F(CTR)/100%. In particular
with the HCPL-47XX opto-
couplers, the LED can be driven
with a very small IF of 40 µA to
control a maximum IO of 320 µA
with a worst case design Current
Transfer Ratio (CTR) of 800%.
Typically, the CTR and the
corresponding Iol, are 4 times
larger. For low-power operation,
Table 1 lists the typical power
dissipations that occur for both
the 3.3 Vdc and 5 Vdc
HCPL-47XX optocoupler applica-
tions. These approximate power
dissipation values are listed
respectively for the LED, for the
output VCC and for the open-
collector output transistor. Those
values are summed together for a
comparison of total power dissi-
pation consumed in either the 3.3
Vdc or 5 Vdc applications.
V
O
PULSE
GEN.
Z = 50 Ω
t = 5 ns
O
r
I MONITOR
F
I
F
0.1 µF
L
R
* C
L
= 15 pF
R
M
0
t
PHL
t
PLH
O
V
I
F
OL
V
1.5 V 1.5 V
5 V 7
1
2
3
45
6
8
10% DUTY CYCLE
1/f < 100 µs
(SATURATED
RESPONSE)
* C
L
IS APPROXIMATELY 15 pF, WHICH INCLUDES
PROBE AND STRAY WIRING CAPACITANCE.
+5 V
Figure 8. Test Circuit for Transient Immunity and Typical Waveforms.
VO
IF
L
R
A
B
PULSE GEN.
VCM
+
VFF
O
V
OL
V
O
V
0 V 10% 90% 90% 10%
SWITCH AT A: I = 0 mA
F
SWITCH AT B: I = 0.5 mA
F
CM
V
trtf
5 V
+5 V
–
7
1
2
3
45
6
8RCC (SEE NOTE 7)
10 V
0.1 µF
220 Ω
14
Propagation Delay
When the HCPL-47XX optocoup-
ler is operated under very low
input and output current condi-
tions, the propagation delay times
will lengthen. When lower input
drive current level is used to
switch the high-efficiency AlGaAs
LED, the slower the charge and
discharge time will be for the
LED. Correspondingly, the propa-
gation delay times will become
longer as a result. In addition, the
split-Darlington (open-collector)
output amplifier needs a larger,
pull-up load resistance to ensure
the output current is within a
controllable range. Applications
that are not sensitive to longer
propagation delay times and that
are easily served by this HCPL-
47XX optocoupler, typically 65 µs
or greater, are those of status
monitoring of a telephone line,
power line, battery condition of a
portable unit, etc. For faster
HCPL-47XX propagation delay
times, approximately 30 µs, this
optocoupler needs to operate at
higher IF (≥500 µA) and Io
(≥1mA) levels.
Applications
Battery-Operated Equipment
Common applications for the
HCPL-47XX optocoupler are
within battery-operated, portable
equipment, such as test or
medical instruments, computer
peripherals and accessories where
energy conservation is required to
maximize battery life. In these
applications, the optocoupler
would monitor the battery voltage
and provide an isolated output to
another electrical system to
indicate battery status or the need
to switch to a backup supply or
begin a safe shutdown of the
equipment via a communication
port. In addition, the HCPL-47XX
optocouplers are specified to
operate with 3 Vdc CMOS logic
family of devices to provide logic-
signal isolation between similar or
different logic circuit families.
Telephone Line Interfaces
Applications where the HCPL-
47XX optocoupler would be best
used are in telephone line inter-
face circuitry for functions of ring
detection, on-off hook detection,
line polarity, line presence and
supplied-power sensing. In
particular, Integrated Services
Digital Network (ISDN) applica-
tions, as illustrated in Figure 10,
can severely restrict the input
power that an optocoupler inter-
face circuit can use (approxi-
mately 3 mW). Figure 10 shows
three isolated signals that can be
served by the small input LED
current of the HCPL-47XX dual-
and single-channel optocouplers.
Very low, total power dissipation
occurs with these series of
devices.
Switched-Mode Power
Supplies
Within Switched-Mode Power
Supplies (SMPS) the less power
consumed the better. Isolation for
monitoring line power, regulation
status, for use within a feedback
path between primary and
secondary circuits or to external
circuits are common applications
for optocouplers. Low-power
HCPL-47XX optocoupler can help
keep higher energy conversion
efficiency for the SMPS. The block
diagram of Figure 1 1 shows where
low-power isolation can be used.
Table 1. Typical HCPL-4701 Power Dissipation for 3 V and 5 V Applications
VCC = 3.3 Vdc VCC = 5 Vdc
(µW) IF = 40 µAI
F = 500 µAI
F = 40 µAI
F = 500 µA
PLED 50 625 50 625
PVcc 65 330 100 500
PO-C[1] 20 10 25 20
PTOTAL[2] 135 µW965 µW175 µW1,145 µW
Notes:
1. RL of 11 kΩ open-collector (o-c) pull-up resistor was used for both 3.3 Vdc and 5 Vdc calculations.
2. For typical total interface circuit power consumption in 3.3 Vdc application, add to PTOTAL approximately 80 µW for 40 µA
(1,025 µW for 500 µA) LED current-limiting resistor, and 960 µW for the 11 kΩ pull-up resistor power dissipations. Similarly, for 5
Vdc applications, add to PTOTAL approximately 150 µW for 40 µA (1,875 µW for 500 µA) LED current-limiting resistor and 2,230
µW for the 11 kΩ pull-up resistor power dissipations.
Power Dissipation
15
Figure 12. Recommended Power Supply Filter for HCPL-47XX Optocouplers.
RECOMMENDED V
CC
FILTER
8
0.1 µF
V
CC
10 µF
+
100 Ω
V
O
R
L
7
6
5
1
2
3
4
HCPL-4701 OR HCPL-4731
Figure 10. HCPL-47XX Isolated Monitoring Circuits for 2-Wire ISDN Telephone Line.
Figure 11. Typical Optical Isolation Used for Power-Loss Indication and Regulation Signal Feedback.
115/230
VAC
EMI FILTER
AND
CURRENT
LIMITER
ISOLATION
BARRIER
V
O
GND 2
1
12
12
SOFT START
COMMAND
INTERRUPT FLAG
POWER DOWN
POWER
SUPPLY
FILTER
CAPACITOR
SWITCHING
ELEMENT
RECTIFIER
AND
FILTER
CONTROL
CIRCUIT ERROR
FEEDBACK
VIA CNR200
HCPL-4701
2-WIRE
ISDN
LINE PROTECTION
CIRCUIT
P0WER
SUPPLY
SECONDARY
POWER
EMERGENCY
POWER
PRIMARY–SECONDARY
POWER ISOLATION
BARRIER
VAC
PRIMARY
TELEPHONE LINE
ISOLATION BARRIER
HCPL-4731
HCPL-4701
SWITCHED–
MODE
POWER
SUPPLY
RECEIVE
TRANSMIT
LINE POLARITY
LINE PRESENCE
SECONDARY/
EMERGENCY
POWER
VCC
VCC – RETURN
TELEPHONE
LINE
INTERFACE
CIRCUIT
NOTE: THE CIRCUITS SHOWN IN THIS FIGURE REPRESENT POSSIBLE, FUNCTIONAL APPLICATION OF THE HCPL-47XX
OPTOCOUPLER TO AN ISDN LINE INTERFACE. THIS CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT DOES NOT GUARANTEE COMPLIANCE,
CONFORMITY, OR ACCEPTANCE TO AN ISDN, OR OTHER TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARD, OR TO FCC OR TO OTHER
GOVERNMENTAL REGULATORY AGENCY REQUIREMENTS. THESE CIRCUITS ARE RECOMMENDATIONS THAT MAY MEET
THE NEEDS OF THESE APPLICATIONS. Agilent DOES NOT IMPLY, REPRESENT, NOR GUARANTEE THAT
THESE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS ARE FREE FROM PATENT INFRINGEMENT.
Data Communication and
Input/Output Interfaces
In data communication, the
HCPL-47XX can be used as a line
receiver on a RS-232-C line or
this optocoupler can be part of a
proprietary data link with low
input current, multi-drop stations
along the data path. Also, this
low-power optocoupler can be
used within equipment that
monitors the presence of high-
voltage. For example, a benefit of
the low input LED current (40
µA) helps the input sections of a
Programmable Logic Controller
(PLC) monitor proximity and limit
switches. The PLC I/O sections
can benefit from low input
current optocouplers because the
total input power dissipation
when monitoring the high voltage
(120 Vac - 220 Vac) inputs is
minimized at the I/O connections.
This is especially important when
many input channels are stacked
together.
Circuit Design Issues
Power Supply Filtering
Since the HCPL-47XX is a high-
gain, split-Darlington amplifier,
any conducted electrical noise on
the VCC power supply to this
optocoupler should be minimized.
A recommended VCC filter circuit
is shown in Figure 12 to improve
the power supply rejection (psr)
of the optocoupler. The filter
should be located near the
combination of pin 8 and pin 5 to
provide best filtering action. This
filter will drastically limit any
sudden rate of change of VCC with
time to a slower rate that cannot
interfere with the optocoupler.
Common-Mode Rejection &
LED Driver Circuits
With the combination of a high-
efficiency AlGaAs LED and a
high-gain amplifier in the HCPL-
47XX optocoupler, a few circuit
techniques can enhance the
common-mode rejection (CMR) of
this optocoupler. First, use good
high-frequency circuit layout
practices to minimize coupling of
common-mode signals between
input and output circuits. Keep
input traces away from output
traces to minimize capacitive
coupling of interference between
input and output sections. If
possible, parallel, or shunt switch
the LED current as shown in
Figure 13, rather than series
switch the LED current as
illustrated in Figure 15. Not only
will CMR be enhanced with these
circuits (Figures 13 and 14), but
the switching speed of the opto-
coupler will be improved as well.
This is because in the parallel
switched case the LED current is
current-steered into or away from
the LED, rather than being fully
turned off as in the series switched
case. Figure 13 illustrates this
type of circuit. The Schottky
diode helps quickly to discharge
and pre-bias the LED in the off
state. If a common-mode voltage
across the optocoupler suddenly
attempts to inject a current into
the off LED anode, the Schottky
diode would divert the interfering
current to ground. The combina-
tion of the Schottky diode forward
voltage and the Vol saturation
voltage of the driver output stage
(on-condition) will keep the LED
voltage at or below 0.8 V. This will
prevent the LED (off-condition)
from conducting any significant
forward current that might cause
the HCPL-47XX to turn on. Also,
if the driver stage is an active
totem-pole output, the Schottky
diode allows the active output
pull-up section to disconnect from
the LED and pull high.
As shown in Figure 14, most
active output driver integrated
circuits can source directly the
forward current needed to operate
the LED of the HCPL-47XX
optocoupler. The advantage of
using the silicon diode in this
circuit is to conduct charge out of
the LED quickly when the LED is
turned off. Upon turn-on of the
LED, the silicon diode capaci-
tance will provide a rapid
charging path (peaking current)
for the LED. In addition, this
silicon diode prevents common-
mode current from entering the
LED anode when the driver IC is
on and no operating LED current
exists.
In general, series switching the low
input current of the HCPL-47XX
LED is not recommended. This is
particularly valid when in a high
common-mode interference
environment. However, if series
switching of the LED current must
be done, use an additional pull-up
resistor from the cathode of the
LED to the input VCC as shown in
Figure 15. This helps minimize any
differential-mode current from
conducting in the LED while the
LED is off, due to a common-mode
signal occurring on the input VCC
(anode) of the LED. The common-
mode signal coupling to the anode
and cathode could be slightly
different. This could potentially
create a LED current to flow that
would rival the normal, low input
current needed to operate the
optocoupler. This additional
parallel resistor can help shunt any
leakage current around the LED
should the drive circuit, in the off
state, have any significant leakage
current on the order of 40 µA.
With the use of this parallel
resistor, the total drive current
conducted when the LED is on is
the sum of the parallel resistor and
LED currents. In the series circuit
of Figure 15 with the LED off, if a
common-mode voltage were to
couple to the LED cathode, there
can be enough imbalance of
common-mode voltage across the
LED to cause a LED current to
flow and, inadvertently, turn on the
optocoupler. This series, switching
circuit has no protection against a
negative-transition, input common-
mode signal.
16
Figure 15. Series LED Driver Circuit for HCPL-4701/-4731.
OUTPUT POWER – P
S
, INPUT CURRENT – I
S
0
0
T
S
– CASE TEMPERATURE – °C
20050
400
12525 75 100 150
600
800
200
100
300
500
700 P
S
(mW)
I
S
(mA)
175
Figure 16. Thermal Derating Curve,
Dependence of Safety Limiting Value with
Case Temperature per VDE 0884.
4.7 µF
V
CC
0.1 µF
+
R1
HCPL-47XX
ACTIVE OUTPUT
OR
OPEN COLLECTOR
R1 = VCC – V
F
– VOL
I
F
FOR V
CC
= 5 V
dc
, I
F
= 40 µA
R1 = 82 kΩ (TYPICAL)
R1 = 62 kΩ (WORST CASE)
R2 = 8.2 kΩ AT I
OH
= 100 µA
I
TOTAL
= 640 µA (TYPICAL)
R2
R2 = 0.8 V
I
OH MAX
ITOTAL =
TOTAL DRIVE CURRENT USED:
+
V
CC
– V
F
– V
OL
R1 V
CC
– V
OL
R2
Figure 13. Recommended Parallel LED Driver Circuit for
HCPL-4701/-4731. Figure 14. Recommended Alternative LED Driver Circuit for
HCPL-4701/-4731 .
4.7 µF
VCC
0.1 µF
+
R1
HCPL-47XX
ACTIVE OUTPUT
OR
OPEN COLLECTOR
*
* USE ANY STANDARD SCHOTTKY DIODE.
R1 = VCC – VF
IF
FOR VCC = 5 Vdc, IF = 40 µA
R1 = 91 kΩ (TYPICAL)
R1 = 75 kΩ (WORST CASE)
R1
HCPL-47XX
ACTIVE OUTPUT
*
*
USE ANY SIGNAL DIODE.
R1 = V
OH
– V
F
I
F
FOR V
CC
= 5 Vdc, I
F
= 40 µA
R1 = 36 kΩ (TYPICAL)
R1 = 30 kΩ (WORST CASE)
For product information and a complete list of distributors, please go to our website: www.avagotech.com
Avago, Avago Technologies, and the A logo are trademarks of Avago Technologies Limited in the United States and other countries.
Data subject to change. Copyright © 2007 Avago Technologies Limited. All rights reserved. Obsoletes 5989-2106EN
AV01-0547EN June 24, 2007
