Uncontrolled Copy when printed or downloaded.
Please refer to the 4D Systems website for the latest Revision of this document
4Discovery
3.5” Wall Mounted Intelligent Display Module
RS485 – 2 Wire Interface
Document Date: 7th March 2015
Document Revision: 1.4
DATASHEET
Contents
1. Description ............................................................................................................................. 4
2. Features ................................................................................................................................. 4
3. RJ45 Pin Configuration and Summary ...................................................................................... 5
4. Hardware Interface ................................................................................................................. 6
Serial Port – RS485 ................................................................................................................................. 6 4.1.
System Pins ............................................................................................................................................ 6 4.2.
5. PmmC/Firmware Programming ............................................................................................... 7
6. Module Features .................................................................................................................... 7
Display – 3.5” TFT Touch Screen ............................................................................................................ 7 6.1.
DIABLO16 Processor ............................................................................................................................... 7 6.2.
SD/SDHC Memory Cards ........................................................................................................................ 8 6.3.
FAT16 ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 6.4.
Serial Flash Memory ............................................................................................................................... 8 6.5.
Real Time Clock ...................................................................................................................................... 9 6.6.
WiFi ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 6.7.
Crypto Authentication ............................................................................................................................ 9 6.8.
Piezo Buzzer ........................................................................................................................................... 9 6.9.
Universal Mounting Options .............................................................................................................. 10 6.10.
Removable Front Cover ...................................................................................................................... 10 6.11.
Removable Display sub-assembly ...................................................................................................... 10 6.12.
7. Display Precautions .............................................................................................................. 11
8. Hardware Tools .................................................................................................................... 11
4D 485 Programmer ............................................................................................................................. 11 8.1.
9. 4DGL - Software Language .................................................................................................... 12
10. 4D Systems - Workshop 4 IDE .............................................................................................. 12
Workshop 4 – Designer Environment ................................................................................................ 13 10.1.
Workshop 4 – ViSi Environment ......................................................................................................... 13 10.2.
Workshop 4 – ViSi Genie Environment .............................................................................................. 13 10.3.
ViSi-Genie Limitations with 4Discovery .............................................................................................. 14 10.4.
Workshop 4 – Serial Environment...................................................................................................... 14 10.5.
11. Connecting to External Hardware ........................................................................................ 15
Master and Slaves .............................................................................................................................. 15 11.1.
4Discovery as a Host .......................................................................................................................... 16 11.2.
4Discovery as a Slave ......................................................................................................................... 17 11.3.
4Discovery Multiple Masters ............................................................................................................. 18 11.4.
Programming 4Discovery ................................................................................................................... 19 11.5.
Termination Resistors ........................................................................................................................ 20 11.6.
12. Notes ................................................................................................................................. 21
13. Scribble Box ........................................................................................................................ 21
14. Mechanical Details .............................................................................................................. 22
15. Specifications and Ratings ................................................................................................... 23
16. Legal Notice ........................................................................................................................ 24
17. Contact Information............................................................................................................ 24
4D SYSTEMS 4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display Solution
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
1. Description
The 4Discovery is a high resolution 480x320 pixel
3.5” Intelligent wall mounted display product from
4D Systems, featuring the DIABLO16 Processor.
The 4Discovery is designed to be mounted to a
standard light switch flush/mounting box, which
enables quick and easy installation in to a wall, and
can just as easily be mounted into an enclosure or
panel, enabling a wide range of customers to take
advantage of this display product.
Driving the display and peripherals is the
DIABLO16 processor, a very capable and powerful
chip which enables stand-alone functionality,
programmed using the 4D Systems Workshop 4
IDE Software. The Workshop IDE enables graphic
solutions to be constructed rapidly and with ease
due to its design being solely for 4D’s graphics
processors.
The 4Discovery has an array of features including a
3.5” 320x480 TFT LCD Display, Resistive Touch,
micro-SD memory storage, 16MB of Flash Memory
storage, Real Time Clock, 2 wire RS485 Interface
which can act as Master or Slave with additional
changeover wire, Optional WiFi, Optional Crypto
Authentication security chip for secure
transmissions, and a switch-mode power supply
enabling a wide input voltage range, along with
many more features.
This 4Discovery can be programmed to store
16MB worth of graphics, images, videos, data on
the external flash, which may be desirable so a
microSD card is not required. Additional
images/data can be stored on the microSD card, or
the microSD card can be used to upgrade the
application running on the 4Discovery or update
the external Flash memory. The options are
endless.
The on board optional WiFi module is the populate
CC3000, which can be used to connect to a remote
computer or server and exchange information.
Anything that has been designed to run on a
PICASO or DIABLO16 module can theoretically run
on this 4Discovery with minor changes. Please
ensure you contact the 4D Systems’ support team
if unsure changing over from a 4D Systems’
module to this 4Discovery.
2. Features
• Powerful 3.5” Intelligent LCD-TFT display
module powered by DIABLO16.
• 480x320 HVGA Resolution, RGB 65K true to life
colours, TFT Screen with integrated 4-wire
Resistive Touch Panel.
• Programmed over RS485 using a special
programmer designed specifically for the
4Discovery.
• 6 banks of 32750 bytes of Flash memory for
User Application Code and Data
• 32Kb of SRAM purely for the User.
• On-board micro-SD memory card connector for
multimedia storage and data logging purposes.
HC memory card support is also available for
cards larger than 4GB.
• On-board external 16MB of serial Flash for
multimedia storage, datalogging etc. Can be
used as an alternative to microSD, or as well as.
• DOS compatible file access (FAT16 format) as
well as low level access to microSD card
memory.
• Display full colour images, animations, icons and
video clips on chosen 4D Systems display.
• Supports all available Windows fonts.
• 5.0V or 6.3V to 36V input voltage range
operation (single supply).
• Module dimensions: 74.0 x 117.0 x 21.7mm
• Weight approximately 80g.
• Display Viewing Area: 48.96 x 73.44mm
• Easily mounted to the wall using a standard light
switch flush/mounting box, or can be mounted
in an enclosure/panel or virtually any flat
drillable surface.
• Compatible with Clipsal/HPM mounting blocks,
18mm or thicker, if the 4Discovery needs to be
offset from the wall (useful for concrete block
walls etc).
• RoHS and CE Compliant.
• Wireless option FCC Certified as per TI
CC3000MOD specifications and carries a
‘Modular’ grant that complies with the
‘Intentional Radiator’ portion (Part 15c) for FCC
Certification, Part 15.247 Transmitter Tests.
FCC ID: Z64-CC3000EM
4D SYSTEMS 4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display Solution
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
3. RJ45 Pin Configuration and Summary
Continued overleaf…
I = Input, O = Output, P = Power
RJ45 Pinout
Pin
Symbol
I/O
1
VIN
P
2
A
I/O
3
B
I/O
4
GND
P
5
GND
P
6
5V_IN
P
7
TURN
I
8
RESET
I
PIN 1 PIN 8
4D SYSTEMS 4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display Solution
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
4. Hardware Interface
The 4Discovery provides both a hardware and
software interface. This section describes in detail
the hardware interface pins of the device.
Serial Port – RS485 4.1.
The 4Discovery provides one asynchronous serial
port which interfaces via the RJ45 port, and
communicates using the RS485 protocol.
This serial port is used for both communications to
various devices on the RS485 bus, but also for the
programming of the 4Discovery itself, using the 4D
485 Programmer.
A MAX3430 RS485 IC is used inside the 4Discovery,
to provide the RS485 interface, signals A and B.
The primary features are:
Full-Duplex 8 bit data transmission and
reception.
Data format: 8 bits, No Parity, 1 Stop bit.
Baud rates from 300 baud up to 250K
baud.
Single byte transmits and receives or a
fully buffered service. The buffered
service feature runs in the background
capturing and buffering serial data
without the user application having to
constantly poll any of the serial ports. This
frees up the application to service other
tasks.
A single byte serial transmission consists of the
start bit, 8-bits of data followed by the stop bit.
The start bit is always 0, while a stop bit is always
1. The LSB (Least Significant Bit, Bit 0) is sent out
first following the start bit. Image below shows a
single byte transmission timing diagram.
System Pins 4.2.
VIN (Primary Voltage Input)
Pin 1:
4Discovery supply voltage input pin. This pin must
be supplied between 6.3VDC and 36VDC, and
these must not be exceeded. Typical voltages are
between 12V and 24VDC. If this pin is not used, a
5VDC source can be applied to pin 6 instead.
A (485 A Signal)
Pin 2:
This is the A signal used by the 2 wire RS485 bus
on the 4Discovery. This signal is internally pulled
up to 3.3V to prevent a floating bus, and is
terminated to the B signal with a 120ohm resistor.
B (485 A Signal)
Pin 3:
This is the B signal used by the 2 wire RS485 bus on
the 4Discovery. This signal is internally pulled
down to GND to prevent a floating bus, and is
terminated to the A signal with a 120ohm resistor.
GND (Module Ground)
Pins 4, 5:
Device ground pins. At least one of these pins
must be connected to ground.
5V_IN (Secondary Voltage Input)
Pin 6:
4Discovery supply voltage input pin. This pin is
typically used by the 4D 485 Programmer when
programming from USB of a PC, however it can
also be used in the case a suitable voltage cannot
be applied to VIN. Supply to his pin must be
between 4.5V to 5.5V DC. Nominal operating
voltage is 5.0 Volts. Note: Backlight brightness will
be lower for voltages under 5.0V.
TURN (485 Turn Around Pin)
Pin 7:
Primarily used by the 4D 485 Programmer in
conjunction to programming the 4Discovery,
however can also be from an external device
which is acting as Host when 4Discovery is
programmed to be a slave. This is an input only to
the 4Discovery. When 4Discovery is a Master, the
slaves have to determine the direction of
transmit/receive themselves using an Auto
Turnaround 485 IC or circuit.
RESET (Module Master Reset)
Pin 8:
Reset signal used by the 4D 485 Programmer. This
can be used by an external device if the 4Discovery
needs to be reset. Active Low.
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
5. PmmC/Firmware Programming
The 4Discovery features a 4D Systems DIABLO16
processor, which is a custom graphics processor.
All functionality including the high level commands
are built into the chip. This chip level configuration
is available as a PmmC (Personality-module-micro-
Code) file, which can be likened to traditional
Firmware. There is also a Display Driver file, which
separates specific display settings from the PmmC.
A PmmC file contains all of the low level micro-
code information (analogy of that of a soft silicon)
which define the characteristics and functionality
of the device. The ability of programming the
device with a PmmC file provides an extremely
flexible method of customising as well as
upgrading it with future enhancements.
The Display Driver contains the initialisation and
parameters associated with the particular display
that is to be connected to the DIABLO16
processor.
The PmmC file and Display Driver file can only be
programmed into the device using the RJ45
connector, using the 4D 485 Programmer with the
aid of Workshop 4, the 4D Systems IDE software.
No other RS485 device will be able to program the
4Discovery, the 4D 485 Programmer must be used.
6. Module Features
The 4Discovery is designed to accommodate a
range of wall or enclosure mounted applications.
Some of the main features of the 4Discovery are
listed below.
Display – 3.5” TFT Touch Screen 6.1.
The 4Discovery is equipped with a 3.5” TFT display.
Details of the display are listed below:
Screen Size: 3.5” diagonal, 320x480 resolution,
65K colours
Integrated 4-Wire Resistive Touch Screen
Viewing Area: 48.96 x 73.44mm
Pixel Pitch: 0.153(H) x 0.153(V)mm
Brightness: 220cd/m2
Contrast Ratio: 500:1
Viewing Angle Above Centre: 65 degrees
Viewing Angle Below Centre: 45 degrees
Viewing Angle Left of Centre: 60 degrees
Viewing Angle Right of Centre: 60 degrees
Viewing Direction: 12 O'clock
7 LEDs for Backlighting
Note: The Displays used are the highest rated
‘Grade A’ Displays, which allow for 0-4 defective
pixels. A defective pixel could be solid Black
(Dead), White, Red, Green or Blue.
DIABLO16 Processor 6.2.
The 4Discovery is designed around the DIABLO16
Graphics Controller from 4D-Labs.
The DIABLO16 is a smart Controller and the
interface to the TFT- LCD displays is almost plug-n-
play.
All of the data and control signals are provided by
the chip to interface directly to the display.
4D SYSTEMS 4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display Solution
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
Powerful graphics, text, image, animation and
countless more features are built right inside the
chip.
The data sheet for the processor is available from
the http://www.4dsystems.com.au website:
“DIABLO16-Processor-Datasheet-REVx.pdf”
SD/SDHC Memory Cards 6.3.
The 4Discovery supports micro-SD memory cards
via the on-board micro-SD connector. The memory
card is used for all
multimedia file retrieval
such as images,
animations and movie
clips. The memory card
can also be used as
general purpose storage for data logging
applications. Support is available for off the shelf
micro-SD (up to 2GB) and high capacity SDHC
memory cards (4GB and above).
Note: A microSD card capable of SPI is a
requirement for all 4D Systems’ display modules
powered by Goldelox, Picaso or Diablo16
Processors. If a non-SPI compatible card is used, it
will simply fail to mount, or may cause
intermittent issues resulting in lock ups and
crashing of the application. Please refer to the 4D
Systems website for microSD cards offered by 4D
Systems.
The micro-SD card can be used as an update
medium for the 4Discovery, in conjunction with
suitable application code being written. The
microSD card can be mounted and used to update
the application(s) stored on the onboard Flash of
Diablo16, as well as the application(s) stored on
the external Serial Flash memory. This is useful to
roll out updates without having to reprogram the
4Discovery. This however is not able to update the
PmmC/Firmware or Display Driver. These must still
be updated via the RS485 Programmer.
The 4Discovery features a Card Detect on the
microSD socket, which can be utilised by the User
in their application, to determine if a microSD card
is inserted or not.
PA11 – Card Detect
PA11 is Active Low when a card is detected, and
High when no card is detected.
FAT16 6.4.
The uLCD-35DT Module uses off the shelf standard
SDHC/SD/micro-SD memory cards with up to 4GB
capacity usable with FAT16 formatting. For any
FAT file related operations, before the memory
card can be used it must first be formatted with
FAT16 option. The formatting of the card can be
done on any PC system with a card reader. Select
the appropriate drive and choose the FAT16 (or
just FAT in some systems) option when formatting.
The card is now ready to be used in the DIABLO16
based application.
The DIABLO16 Processor also supports high
capacity HC memory cards (4GB and above). The
available capacity of SD-HC cards varies according
to the way the card is partitioned and the
commands used to access it.
The FAT partition is always first (if it exists) and can
be up to the maximum size permitted by FAT16.
Windows 7 will format FAT16 up to 4GB. Windows
XP will format FAT16 up to 2GB and the Windows
XP command prompt will format FAT16 up to 4GB.
Partitioning of microSD cards should be carried out
using the RMPET tool, which is included with the
Workshop4 IDE. This tool enables you to partition
and format your microSD card in a range of ways.
It also then allows you to format the card so it is
ready for the 4Discovery.
Serial Flash Memory 6.5.
The 4Discovery features 16MB of Serial Flash
Memory which is connected to the following GPIO:
PA0 – SPI Chip Select
PA1 – SPI Clock
PA2 – SPI Data Out MOSI
PA3 – SPI Data In MISO
DIABLO16 has a set of built in user functions to
address SPI Flash Memory.
Please refer to the DIABLO16 Internal 4DGL
Functions document for more information on the
SPI functions, available from the 4Discovery
Product Page, on the 4D Systems website.
www.4dsystems.com.au
4D SYSTEMS 4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display Solution
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
Real Time Clock 6.6.
The 4Discovery features a Microchip MCP7940N
real time clock. This RTC is capable of Day, Month,
Year, Hour, Minute, Seconds and Day of Week,
with leap year compensation up to the year 2399,
and both 12 and 24 hour modes.
This RTC communicates to the DIABLO16
processor over an I2C interface using the following
GPIO:
PA13 – I2C Data SDA
PA12 – I2C Clock SCL
It is capable of up to 400kHz I2C communications.
Please refer to the DIABLO16 Internal 4DGL
Functions document for more information on the
I2C functions, available from the 4Discovery
Product Page, on the 4D Systems website.
www.4dsystems.com.au
Please also refer to the Microchip MCP7940N
Datasheet for specific information about the RTC.
WiFi 6.7.
The 4Discovery comes in 2 versions, one with WiFi
and one without WiFi.
The WiFi option features a Texas Instruments
CC3000MOD WiFi module built in, which enables
the 4Discovery to communicate to remote servers
or computers over the standard WiFi network in a
house or commercial building.
4D Systems has developed a CC3000 library to use
with the 4Discovery, providing all the low level
functions required, enabling the User to get
communications up and running promptly.
Communication with the CC3000MOD module on
board is carried out with SPI, using the following
GPIO:
PA4 – SPI CLK
PA5 – SPI CS
PA6 – SPI MISO
PA7 – SPI IRQ (GPIO)
PA8 – SPI MOSI
PA9 – CC3000 Enable
Please refer to the App Notes section for
information and demos relating to the CC3000
Wifi module and the DIABLO16 processor.
Application Notes include the connection of the
CC3000 to an Access Point, Resolving a Remote
Address, TCP Socket Connections, and Reading
Text Information from a Website. More will
become available over time.
The CC3000MOD module inside the 4Discovery is
capable of being updated when Firmware Updates
are released from TI. This process is classed as
Hard in difficulty and has a few manual steps due
to porting the update from TI into a usable format
for the 4Discovery to understand, and should only
be conducted if there is an issue or new feature
which is required to be fixed or updated. Please
refer to the App Note regarding Updating the
CC3000 Firmware, for more information.
Crypto Authentication 6.8.
The WiFi version of the 4Discovery features an
Atmel Crypto Authentication security chip, which
enables Diablo16 to encode messages securely so
the messages cannot be intercepted and read
openly by a 3rd party without difficulty.
The Crpyto Authentication chip uses the following
GPIO:
PA14 – I2C Clock SCL
PA15 – I2C Data SDA
It is capable of up to 1Mhz I2C Communications.
Please refer to the DIABLO16 Internal 4DGL
Functions document for more information on the
I2C functions, available from the 4Discovery
Product Page, on the 4D Systems website.
www.4dsystems.com.au
Piezo Buzzer 6.9.
The 4Discovery has an on-board Piezo buzzer,
which enables feedback to the user for a range of
situations, such as when the screen is touched, or
if an event occurs that needs an audio alert.
The Piezo buzzer uses the AUDIO pin on the
Diablo16 processor, and can be controlled using
the snd_Freq() function. The optimal frequency to
use for this buzzer is 2731Hz.
Please refer to the DIABLO16 Internal 4DGL
Functions document for more information on this
function, available from the 4Discovery Product
Page, on the 4D Systems website.
www.4dsystems.com.au
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
Universal Mounting Options 6.10.
The 4Discovery has a range of ways it can be
mounted. Primarily designed to be mounted into a
standard light switch frame (a.k.a. Flush Box,
Mounting Box), it can also be panel or enclosure
mounted, or directly mounted on virtually any
supportive wall surface. This includes plaster
board, wood, and even concrete.
One nice feature about the 4Discovery is only a
single central hole is required to be drilled into the
surface to enable the CAT5 cable to pass through
and the RJ45 socket on the back of the 4Disocvery
to protrude into. Mounting can then be as little as
2 screws, depending on the mounting surface.
The central hole needs to be larger than 25mm
(about 1”) in order to give the RJ45 socket
sufficient clearance and to not bind in the hole.
There are 4 corner mounting slots, designed for
countersunk self tapping wood screws or similar.
8G Countersunk Head chipboard screws work well.
There are 2 central mounting slots, designed for
the Flush/Mounting box which are commonly used
for Plaster Board installations. Typically the screws
that come with the Flush/Mounting box are used,
and are Pan Head type.
Any of these 6 mounting holes however can be
used to mount the 4Discovery. Select the most
appropriate ones for your target installation, and
ensure the 4Discovery is securely attached to the
surface in question.
Please refer to the mechanical drawing towards
the end of this document, for more information
regarding the mounting holes and positions.
Removable Front Cover 6.11.
The front over of the 4Discovery is removable in
order to access the mounting holes beneath it.
Simply clip on or unclip the cover as required.
On the front cover is the 4Discovery logo at the
top left. This is countersunk slightly into the
surface, and is designed so a company logo sticker
can be placed in this location, to customise the
4Discovery to suit the application it is being used
in. Bubble Stickers work well and give a nice 3D
look.
Removable Display sub-assembly 6.12.
The display module itself can be removed from the
mounting base, which enables full access to all of
the mounting holes, specifically the 2 central slots,
designed for a Flush/Mounting box.
The display module can be carefully unclipped by
gently raising the two upper (or lower) clips, which
will release the display module from the mounting
base.
Please ensure only gentle force is applied to this
clips so they are not damaged.
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
7. Display Precautions
Avoid having to display the same
image/object on the screen for lengthy
periods of time. This will cause a burn-in
which is a common problem with all types of
display technologies. Blank the screen after a
while or dim it very low by adjusting the
contrast. Better still; implement a screen
saver feature.
Moisture and water can damage the display.
Moisture on the surface of a powered display
may cause the electrodes to corrode. Wipe off
any moisture gently or let the display dry
before usage.
Dirt from fingerprint oil and fat can easily stain
the surface of the display. Gently wipe off any
stains with a soft lint-free cloth.
The performance of the display will degrade
under high temperature and humidity. Avoid
such conditions when storing.
Displays are susceptible to mechanical shock
and any force exerted on the module may
result in deformed zebra stripes, a cracked
display cell and broken backlight
Always use the mounting holes on the
4Discovery when mounting the 4Discovery to
a wall, enclosure or panel.
Do not apply undue tightness to the screws
when fixing the 4Discovery to the chosen
wall/enclosure, the 4Discovery case is made of
plastic and may be damaged if screws are
fastened too tightly.
8. Hardware Tools
The following hardware tools are required for full
control of the 4Discovery module.
4D 485 Programmer 8.1.
The 4D 485 Programmer is an essential hardware
tools to program, customise and test the
4Discovery module.
It is possible to change the application the
4Discovery is running, using a microSD card. This
however is only possible once the 4Discovery has
been programmed such that the application is able
to update itself. This is not possible out of the box,
and requires an appropriate program to be written
to achieve this.
The 4D 485 Programmer is used to program a new
Firmware/PmmC, Display Driver and for
transferring compiled Workshop4 Applications. It
can even serve as an interface for communicating
serial data to the PC. The 4D Programmer also
supplies power to the 4Discovery so it can be
programmed on the bench or in the field, as it
must be disconnected from the RS485 network in
order to be programmed with the 4D 485
Programmer and therefore needs a power source.
To connect the 4D 485 Programmer to the
4Discovery, requires a standard CAT5 Ethernet
cable, straight through (NOT cross over). You can
use CAT4, CAT5, CAT5e, CAT6 etc type cables, but
all that is required is 8 wires/conductors and these
are straight through, not crossed, to allow correct
connection between the two RJ45
plugs/connectors on the 4Discovery and the 4D
485 Programmer. The speed rating of Ethernet
cables is not relevant for the purpose of the
4Discovery since it uses RS485 which operates at a
much slower speed to Ethernet.
The maximum length of cable between the
4Discovery and the 4D 485 Programmer, should be
kept below 10m. This is due to TTL signals on the
RJ45 connector which need to be controlled by the
4D 485 Programmer. Anything longer may be
feasible depending on the type of cable used,
however typically longer cables will cause voltage
drops and capacitive loading which could cause
programming to fail.
NOTE: The 4Discovery cannot be programmed
when connected to the RS485 network. It needs to
be 1:1 with the 4D 485 Programmer.
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
9. 4DGL - Software Language
The 4Discovery utilises the DIABLO16 processor,
which belongs to a family of processors powered
by a highly optimised soft core virtual engine, EVE
(Extensible Virtual Engine).
EVE is a proprietary, high performance virtual-
machine with an extensive byte-code instruction
set optimised to execute compiled 4DGL
programs. 4DGL (4D Graphics Language) was
specifically developed from ground up for the EVE
engine core. It is a high level language which is
easy to learn and simple to understand yet
powerful enough to tackle many embedded
graphics applications.
4DGL is a graphics oriented language allowing
rapid application development, and the syntax
structure was designed using elements of popular
languages such as C, Basic, Pascal and others.
Programmers familiar with these languages will
feel right at home with 4DGL. It includes many
familiar instructions such as IF..ELSE..ENDIF,
WHILE..WEND, REPEAT..UNTIL, GOSUB..ENDSUB,
GOTO, PRINT as well as some specialised
instructions SERIN, SEROUT, GFX_LINE,
GFX_CIRCLE and many more.
For detailed information pertaining to the 4DGL
language, please refer to the following documents:
“4DGL-Programmers-Reference-Manual.pdf”
“DIABLO16-4DGL-Internal-Functions.pdf”
To assist with the development of 4DGL
applications, the Workshop 4 IDE combines a full-
featured editor, a compiler, a linker and a down-
loader into a single PC-based application. It's all
you need to code, test and run your applications.
4DGL is available to be written in two of the four
environments offered by the Workshop 4 IDE,
Designer and ViSi. The other environments use
alternative methods to program or communicate
with the 4Discovery. Please refer to the Workshop
4 IDE section for more information.
10. 4D Systems - Workshop 4 IDE
Workshop 4 is a comprehensive software IDE that
provides an integrated software development
platform for all of the 4D family of processors and
modules. The IDE combines the Editor, Compiler,
Linker and Down- Loader to develop complete
4DGL application code. All user application code is
developed within the Workshop 4 IDE.
The Workshop 4 IDE supports multiple
development environments for the user, to cater
for different user requirements and skill level.
The Designer environment enables the user to
write 4DGL code in its natural form to
program the 4D display module.
A visual programming experience, suitably
called ViSi, enables drag-and-drop type
placement of objects to assist with 4DGL code
generation and allows the user to visualise
how the display will look while being
developed.
An advanced environment called ViSi-Genie
doesn’t require any 4DGL coding at all, it is all
done automatically for you. Simply lay the
display out with the objects you want, set the
events to drive them and the code is written
for you automatically. ViSi-Genie provides the
latest rapid development experience from 4D
Systems.
A Serial environment is also provided to
transform the display module into a slave
serial module, allowing the user to control the
display from any host microcontroller or
device with a serial port.
The Workshop 4 IDE is available from the 4D
Systems website. www.4dsystems.com.au
For a comprehensive manual on the Workshop 4
IDE Software along with other documents, refer to
the documentation from the 4D Systems website,
on the Workshop 4 product page.
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
Workshop 4 – Designer Environment 10.1.
Choose the Designer environment to write 4DGL
code in its raw form.
The Designer environment provides the user with
a simple yet effective programming environment
where pure 4DGL code can be written, compiled
and downloaded to the 4Discovery.
Workshop 4 – ViSi Environment 10.2.
ViSi was designed to make the creation of
graphical displays a more visual experience. ViSi is
a great software tool that allows the user to see
the instant results of their desired graphical
layout. Additionally, there is a selection of inbuilt
dials, gauges and meters that can simply be placed
onto the simulated module display. From here
each object can have its properties edited, and at
the click of a button all relevant 4DGL code
associated with that object is produced in the user
program. The user can then write 4DGL code
around these objects to utilise them in the way
they choose.
Refer to the “Diablo16 Internal function Manual”
from the Workshop 4 product page on the 4D
Systems website for a complete listing of all the
supported 4DGL functions, along with the “4DGL
Programmers Reference Manual” for information
about the 4DGL Language and Syntax.
Workshop 4 – ViSi Genie Environment 10.3.
ViSi Genie is a breakthrough in the way 4D
Systems’ graphic display modules are
programmed. It is an environment like no other, a
code-less programming environment that provides
the user with a rapid visual experience, enabling a
simple GUI application to be ‘written’ from scratch
in literally seconds.
ViSi Genie does all the background coding, no
4DGL to learn, it does it all for you.
Pick and choose the relevant objects to place on
the display, much like the ViSi Environment yet
without having to write a single line of code. Each
object has parameters which can be set, and
configurable events to animate and drive other
objects or communicate with external devices.
Simply place an object on the screen, position and
size it to suit, set the parameters such as colour,
range, text, and finally select the event you wish
the object to be associated with, it is that simple.
In seconds you can transform a blank display into a
fully animated GUI with moving sliders, animated
press and release buttons, and much more. All
without writing a single line of code!
ViSi Genie provides the user with a feature rich
rapid development environment, second to none.
Refer to the “ViSi Genie User Guide” and “ViSi-
Genie User Reference Manual” from the
Workshop 4 product page on the 4D Systems
website for information about the ViSi-Genie
Environment and its Protocol.
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ViSi-Genie Limitations with 4Discovery 10.4.
While the 4Discovery is capable of being
programmed using the ViSi-Genie Environment,
there are limitations that need to be observed. If
the 4Discovery is being programmed as a Slave
Device on the RS485 network, it can only function
in Polled mode, rather than Event mode due to the
RS485 interface being half duplex rather than full
duplex. 2-wire RS485 is only half duplex. If the
4Discovery is being programmed as a Master
Device (Host) on the RS485 network, it can
operate using Event mode, however is limited in
data which can be returned from the slaves.
When the 4Discovery is used with ViSi-Genie, only
a single Master/Host and a single Slave, can be
present on the network. This is the limitation with
the ViSi-Genie protocol, as there is no way to
direct the ViSi-Genie protocol to a specific Slave,
and there is no way for Half Duplex RS485 to
handle the responses from the slaves. If more than
1:1 is required, another Environment such as ViSi
will be required.
If ViSi-Genie is to be used when operating as a
Slave Device, which is the typical operation for a
4D display using ViSi-Genie, when selecting the
Event options on any given widget/object,
“Reported Messages” cannot be used. The Host
must poll each object on the 4Discovery in order
to gain the required information. 4Discovery
cannot just send information when it likes, which
is the case of Reported Messages, as the
4Discovery is a Slave and therefore is only allowed
to speak when spoken to.
If ViSi-Genie is to be used when operating as a
Host Device, the Reported Message option can be
used as it can speak out to the bus as required
since it is the Master of the RS485 bus. However it
is not possible to request information from Slave
devices, such as the value of something, as there
are no standard functions available in ViSi-Genie to
request data from another device. This mode is
typically only useful if the 4Discovery only features
controls such as buttons, switches, sliders and
knobs, which do not require data to be displayed,
and only send data out to the slaves in order for
them to do a specific function. It therefore has
limited but still applicable applications.
There are a number of features, such as WiFi, RTC,
Piezo Buzzer and Serial Flash which can only be
operated using Designer, ViSi or Serial. Support of
these features into ViSi-Genie may become
available in the future, however these features are
currently not supported by ViSi-Genie.
4D Systems is currently developing a Professional
version of Workshop4, called Workshop4 PRO.
This has an advanced ViSi-Genie environment with
new widgets which allow 4DGL code to be
executed by the ViSi-Genie environment when
various situations occur, such as button presses,
data being received, touch screen interaction, etc.
With Workshop4 PRO, a number of the above
limitations are lifted and therefore possible.
Workshop4 PRO is aiming to be released February
2015.
4D Systems has ViSi-Genie libraries for the Arduino
and the Raspberry Pi. The Arduino library has been
updated to include support for the 4Discovery, to
allow it to communicate as a Slave to an Arduino
using RS485 (external hardware is required on the
Arduino). It utilises the Turn Around pin on the
4Discovery in order to control the
Transmit/Receive functionality of the RS485
transceiver. This Turn Around Pin control is
required as the ViSi-Genie Protocol is defined
already and therefore control of the 4Discoverys
Transmit/Receive mode needs to be controlled
from the Host, the Arduino.
Workshop 4 – Serial Environment 10.5.
The Serial environment in the Workshop 4 IDE
provides the user the ability to transform the
4Discovery into a slave serial graphics controller.
This enables the user to use their favourite
microcontroller or serial device as the Host,
without having to learn 4DGL or program in a
separate IDE. Once the 4Discovery is configured
and downloaded to from the Serial Environment,
simple graphic commands can be sent from the
users host microcontroller to display primitives,
images, sound or even video.
Refer to the “Diablo16 Serial Command Set
Reference Manual” from the Workshop 4 product
page on the 4D Systems website for a complete
listing of all the supported serial commands
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11. Connecting to External Hardware
The 4Discovery is capable of acting as both a RS485 Host, and a RS485 Slave, when appropriate circuitry is
present on the devices being interfaced to, and appropriate software is written. It is also possible to connect
multiple 4Discoveries on to a single bus at the same time. Like all Half Duplex RS485 systems though, there can
only be 1 Master. All devices on the RS485 bus MUST communicate using the same protocol else the system
will not work.
Master and Slaves 11.1.
The 4Discovery is a Half-Duplex RS485 device, which means it operates on a 2-wire RS485 bus, which means
there can be only a single Master device, and multiple Slave devices, and only the Master can initiate
communication, and a Slave can only communicate if first spoken to. Only 1 device can talk on the bus at any
given time.
The simplest way to achieve this is when building a new network, and each device on the network is
programmable and capable of handling a customised protocol. With an appropriate protocol, the Master can
initiate communicate to one or all slaves at once (a Broadcast), and the Slaves will receive the information,
process it and based on which slave the message was intended for, that Slave will reply with the information
requested or an Acknowledgement of an Action taken place. In the case of a Broadcast, the Slaves should not
attempt to reply at all, as only one device can reply at once and this could lead to chaos on the network
(Unless an innovative protocol is derived).
In the case of an existing RS485 system that 4Discovery is going to be placed into, the 4Discovery may need to
be a Slave device to an existing Master, and an existing Protocol may need to be programmed into the
4Discovery.
On the 4Discovery there is a Turn Around pin. This pin is wired directly to the RS485 transceiver in the
4Discovery, which switches the system from Transmit to Receive. This pin is also connected to a GPIO of the
Diablo16 processor, and is therefore capable of being controlled by the 4Discovery, to tell other devices the
state of the transmit/receive on the 4Discovery. While this Turn Around pin may not be used in most cases, it
may be useful for those special systems where Automatic Direction Control is not possible, such as if an
existing protocol does not support it, but the control of a GPIO is possible.
Figure 1. Typical 2-wire RS485 configuration, which includes a common ground.
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4Discovery as a Host 11.2.
The 4Discovery is capable of being the Master device of the RS485 network. It therefore needs to
communicate to all Slave devices on the network, and handle the replies from each of them.
The 4Discovery is fully programmable by the User when used in Designer or ViSi, and therefore every aspect of
the system needs to be managed by User Code. To enable the 4Discovery to transmit out of the RS485, the
Turn Around pin needs to be High, which is controlled using the PA10 GPIO on the Diablo16 processor on
board the 4Discovery. To enable the 4Discovery to receive over RS485, the Turn Around pin needs to be Low.
As mentioned in 11.1 ‘Master and Slaves’, the 4Discovery is capable of being used in new RS485 systems, as
well as existing systems. When used in new systems, the 4Discovery protocol can be more easily customised to
provide the best mix of features and performance as possible, compared to existing systems which typically
have a protocol already defined or devices which use a fixed protocol. The 4Discovery is fully programmable so
is capable of working with a large range of new and existing systems, even if the protocols are specialised. A
main factor is that all devices on the RS485 bus need to take the same protocol, else the system will not
operate correctly.
If there are systems which are not capable of determining when the Slaves are ‘allowed’ to Transmit, the Turn
Around pin may be used from the 4Discovery to indicate when the Master (4Discovery) is transmitting or
receiving, and may be useful to assist the Slave.
Figure 2. This shows a 4Discovery as the Master of the RS485 Bus, and there are multiple Slaves, which can
include multiple 4Discovery’s (as Slaves). The Master could communicate to each of the Slaves individually, or
to all of them by doing a Broadcast, however this is dictated by the User Protocol and how the system is set up.
Each Device on the bus needs to communicate using the same protocol, and each device needs to be able to
control its own Transmit/Receive mode of its RS485 transceiver.
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4Discovery as a Slave 11.3.
To operate the 4Discovery as a RS485 Slave, the same considerations need to be made regarding the protocol
used in the system, as when the 4Discovery was the Host. An appropriate Protocol is required such that the
Master Device transmits out onto the bus to the slaves, either pinpointing a single Slave device, or
broadcasting to all Slave devices on the Bus. Based on the Protocol, the Slaves will receive the message and if
the message is not intended for them, then to discard it. If the message is intended for them to then wait for
the end of the message and reply accordingly.
The 4Discovery is not capable of Auto Direction Control, and therefore needs to be either externally controlled
by the host (as is the case when the 4Discovery is programmed using the 4D RS485 Programmer), or more
commonly the 4Discovery would handle the Direction Control of its RS485 transceiver based on the data
received on the RS485, dictated by the Protocol.
The PA10 GPIO on the 4Discovery is connected to the Turn Around pin on the RJ45 Jack, and it is also
connected to the Transmit/Receive controls of its RS485 transceiver. When the 4Discovery is in Slave Mode,
the GPIO needs to be controlled based on the data received over the RS485, to place the 4Discovery in the
appropriate Transmit or Receive state based on the information received, dictated by the Users protocol.
If this is not possible, the Turn Around pin can be controlled from the Host to manually change the 4Discovery
from being in Transmit or Receive mode, however this is less desirable and should only be used in special
situations. For example, if the 4Discovery is a Slave and the PA10 GPIO is Low, then the Host is currently in
Transmit mode, and data could be flowing over the RS485 and should therefore be captured and processed. If
the PA10 GPIO is High, then the 4Discovery has the opportunity to reply or send information to the Host if
required, in response to the previous data received.
When multiple devices are on the bus, ie more than 1 slave, Designer or ViSi Environments can be used to
program the 4Discovery as a Slave. If only a single slave exists and no more are going to be added, ViSi-Genie
can be used. Please refer to Section 10.4 “ViSi-Genie Limitations with 4Discovery” for more information.
Figure 3. This shows the situation where there are 1 or more Slaves on the network, of which 1 or more could
be a 4Discovery. Each Slave needs to handle the changing of its own Transmit/Receive, based on the
information received from the Master. Only one Slave should reply at any given time, after the Master has
transmitted to it. Utilizing RS485 transceivers with Auto Direction control can simplify the setup, however a
suitable protocol needs to be utilized regardless.
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4Discovery Multiple Masters 11.4.
It is possible to implement a system which has multiple Master devices on the RS485 network, provided the
protocol is written to support this.
There may be situations where multiple 4Discoveries are required in a building, all attached to the same RS485
network, and talk to the same Slaves. While this is not a typical situation in the eyes of RS485, it is possible to
do if each of the devices on the RS485 can be programmed to handle this. The protocol programmed into the
devices needs to be written such that all devices are in Receiving Mode by default, and only go into Transmit
Mode when they are initiating a transmission. This will allow any of the 4Discoveries working as Masters to
send out a message on to the bus, to be received by the other units.
As with any 2-wire RS485 network, only one Master can talk at any given time. If a configuration is used where
there are multiple Masters on the same RS485 bus, the programming either needs to prevent multiple Masters
speaking at the same time, else it needs to handle it if the situation arises, such as if 2 Users are working on
4Discoveries in separate locations, trying to send onto the bus at the same time.
Figure 4. This shows multiple Masters on the RS485 network, with multiple Slaves. A specialised program and
protocol is required to realise this setup, but is useful if more than 1 4Discovery is required on the network to
control the same set of equipment from multiple locations.
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Programming 4Discovery 11.5.
The only method available to program the 4Discovery directly is by using the 4D RS485 Programmer. This
device programs the 4Discovery over the RS485 bus, as well as supplying it Power and controlling the Turn
Around pin of the 4Discovery and the Reset signal, to appropriately program the on-board Diablo16 Processor.
There is no other programmer which can be used to program the 4Discovery. The 4D RS485 Programmer is
also capable of upgrading the PmmC/Firmware of the 4Discovery and the Display Driver, along with the User
Application.
An alternative method of loading a new Application on to the 4Discovery is by loading a precompiled program
from microSD storage, on to the on-board flash of the Diablo16 processor. This can be done using the built in
functions of the Diablo16 processor, and enables the 4Discovery to be updated in the field by the End User,
without having to have a technician or technical person on call to program the 4Discovery using the 4D RS485
Programmer and PC. This method however cannot be used to upgrade the PmmC or Display Driver. This can
only be done using the 4D RS485 Programmer. To enable the loading of precompiled programs onto the
4Discovery from the microSD card, an appropriate application needs to be written, this is not possible straight
out of the box.
Here is a diagram to show the basics of how the 4Discovery interfaces to the 4D RS485 Programmer.
Figure 5. This is the situation used when programming the 4Discovery using the 4D RS485 Programmer. The
Programmer controls the 4Discovery’s Turn Around Pin, allowing the programming software to dictate when
the 4Discovery is listening and when it is allowed to reply to programming commands. This same setup can be
used for general communications also, where there is one external Master, and 4Discovery as a single Slave. It
is not possible to have multiple Slaves in this situation, due to the way the Turn Around Pin is interfaced with
the 4Discovery in order to make the 4Discovery programmable over the RJ45 connector using RS485.
Programming of the 4Discovery is only possible when the 4Discovery is disconnected from the RS485 network,
and is connected 1:1 with the 4D 485 Programmer. It is not possible to program it when connected to the
network, as the Reset and Turn Around pins are required to program the 4Discovery, and other devices may
try to communicate on the bus when programming is occurring, which could cause corruption and the
programming to fail. Reset and Turn pins are also TTL level, so the distance these should ideally be transmitted
over, should be as short as possible. Please refer to Section 8.1, “4D 485 Programmer”, for more information.
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Termination Resistors 11.6.
On each 4Discovery is a built in 120ohm termination resistor. This is active by default.
The termination resistor is there to absorb reflections in the RS-485 bus, however typically are only used at
each end of the bus, ie the first device and the last device. Depending how you are configuring your system
with the 4Discovery, will determine if you need a termination resistor or not. In a number of cases, having a
termination resistor present is better than not having a termination resistor at all, even if the termination is
not located at the end of the bus, however this is very subjective and system dependant.
If the on-board termination resistor is causing problems with communication, it can be disabled, but requires
the 4Discovery case to be carefully opened and the PCB modified. On the back of the 4Discovery is a cover,
which is attached with multiple clips, and can be tricky to remove. Using a plastic tool or possibly two plastic
tools, these clips can be carefully opened, and the back cover removed, exposing the circuitry inside.
Under the cover, towards the bottom, are two sets of pads with a label JP1. These two pads have a small track
running between them. This track between the two pads of JP1 needs to be carefully cut with a sharp knife, to
separate the two pads from each other. This will disable the 120ohm resistor. If the 120ohm resistor needs to
be enabled again, these pads can be soldered together.
Note: Extreme care needs to be taken when performing this modification, as slipping with the knife could
result in components or tracks being damaged. This should only be attempted by people who know the risks
and are capable of modifying the PCB.
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12. Notes
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13. Scribble Box
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
14. Mechanical Details
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
15. Specifications and Ratings
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Operating ambient temperature ................................................................................................... -15°C to +65°C
Storage temperature .......................................................................................................................... -30°C +70°C
Voltage on VCC with respect to GND .............................................................................................. 6.3V to 36VDC
Voltage on 5V_IN with respect to GND ............................................................................................... 4.5V to 5.5V
NOTE: Stresses above those listed here may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only
and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the
recommended operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions
for extended periods may affect device reliability.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Supply Voltage (VCC)
Stable external supply required
7.0
12.0
30.0
V
Supply Voltage (5V_IN)
Stable external supply required
4.5
5.0
5.5
V
Operating Temperature
-10
--
+60
°C
Reset Pulse
External Open Collector
20
--
--
µs
Operational Delay
Power-Up or External Reset
500
--
5000
ms
GLOBAL CHARACTERISTICS BASED ON OPERATING CONDITIONS
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Supply Current (ICC)
12V, heavily depends on screen usage
conditions, SD Card etc. WIFI ON.
--
200
--
mA
12V, heavily depends on screen usage
conditions, SD Card etc. WIFI OFF.
--
130
--
mA
5V, heavily depends on screen usage
conditions, SD Card etc. WIFI ON.
--
290
--
mA
5V, heavily depends on screen usage
conditions, SD Card etc. WIFI OFF.
--
220
--
mA
Diablo16 Flash Memory
Endurance
PmmC / Application Programming
--
10000
--
E/W
External Serial Flash
Memory Endurance
Per Sector Program/Erase Cycles
--
10000
--
E/W
Diablo16 & Serial Flash
Memory Data Retention
Provided Maximum ratings are not
exceeded.
20
--
--
Years
Display Endurance
Hours of operation, measured to when
display is 50% original brightness
--
20000
--
H
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4Discovery – Wall Mountable Display
ORDERING INFORMATION
Order Code:
4Discovery-35 (Non WiFi Version)
4Discovery-35W (WiFi Version)
Packaging: Module sealed in an antistatic foam padded 4D Systems box
16. Legal Notice
Proprietary Information
The information contained in this document is the property of 4D Systems Pty. Ltd. and may be the subject of
patents pending or granted, and must not be copied or disclosed without prior written permission.
4D Systems endeavours to ensure that the information in this document is correct and fairly stated but does
not accept liability for any error or omission. The development of 4D Systems products and services is
continuous and published information may not be up to date. It is important to check the current position with
4D Systems. 4D Systems reserves the right to modify, update or makes changes to Specifications or written
material without prior notice at any time.
All trademarks belong to their respective owners and are recognised and acknowledged.
Disclaimer of Warranties & Limitation of Liability
4D Systems makes no warranty, either expressed or implied with respect to any product, and specifically
disclaims all other warranties, including, without limitation, warranties for merchantability, non-infringement
and fitness for any particular purpose.
Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your
convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets
with your specifications.
Images and graphics used throughout this document are for illustrative purposes only. All images and graphics
used are possible to be displayed on the 4D Systems range of products, however the quality may vary.
In no event shall 4D Systems be liable to the buyer or to any third party for any indirect, incidental, special,
consequential, punitive or exemplary damages (including without limitation lost profits, lost savings, or loss of
business opportunity) arising out of or relating to any product or service provided or to be provided by 4D
Systems, or the use or inability to use the same, even if 4D Systems has been advised of the possibility of such
damages.
4D Systems products are not fault tolerant nor designed, manufactured or intended for use or resale as on line
control equipment in hazardous environments requiring fail – safe performance, such as in the operation of
nuclear facilities, aircraft navigation or communication systems, air traffic control, direct life support machines
or weapons systems in which the failure of the product could lead directly to death, personal injury or severe
physical or environmental damage (‘High Risk Activities’). 4D Systems and its suppliers specifically disclaim
any expressed or implied warranty of fitness for High Risk Activities.
Use of 4D Systems’ products and devices in 'High Risk Activities' and in any other application is entirely at the
buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless 4D Systems from any and all
damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise,
under any 4D Systems intellectual property rights.
17. Contact Information
For Technical Support: www.4dsystems.com.au/support
For Sales Support: sales@4dsystems.com.au
Website: www.4dsystems.com.au
Copyright 4D Systems Pty. Ltd. 2000-2015.
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