AAT4616AIPU-1-T1 - SKYWORKS SOLUTIONS

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DATA SHEET

AAT4616A: High Precision Adjustable Current Limited

Load Switch with Fault Flag

Applications

• USB ports

• Portable products

• Hot-swap supplies

• Notebook computers

• Proprietary peripheral ports

Features

• Input voltage: 2.4 V to 5.5 V

• Programmable over-current limit setting: 300 mA to 1.6 A

• ±10% current limit precision at 750 mA

• Fast transient response: 2 µs response to short circuit

• Low quiescent current

− 10 µA typical while enabled

− 1 µA maximum with switch off

• 130 mΩ typical RDS(ON)

• Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO)

• Reverse blocking during disable

• 4 ms fault blanking

• Fault flag open-drain output

• Active high/low enable options

• Over-temperature protection

• Temperature range: −40 °C to +85 °C

• TDFN (6-pin, 2 x 2 mm) package (MSL1, 260 °C per

JEDEC-J-STD-020)

Description

The AAT4616A SmartSwitch is a current-limiting P-channel

MOSFET power switch designed for high side load switching

applications. This switch operates with inputs ranging from 2.4 V

to 5.5 V, making it ideal for both 3 V and 5 V systems. An

integrated current-limiting circuit protects the input supply

against large currents that may cause the supply to fall out of

regulation. Reverse current blocking is provided to protect the

load switch from reverse current potentials while the device is

shutdown.

The AAT4616A is also protected from thermal overload which is

limited by power dissipation and junction temperatures. The

current limit threshold is programmed with a resistor from SET to

ground and may be adjusted for levels up to 1.6 A. The ultra-fast

current limit response to a sudden short circuit is a mere 2 µs,

which reduces the requirements of local supply bypassing. An

open drain FAULT flag signals an over-current or over-

temperature condition after a 4 ms blanking time to prevent false

reporting. Quiescent current is as low as 10 µA and the supply

current decreases to less than 1 µA in shutdown mode.

The AAT4616A is offered in a small Thin, Dual Flat No-Lead

(TDFN22-6) package. A typical application circuit is shown in

Figure 1. The pin configuration is shown in Figure 2. Signal pin

assignments and functional pin descriptions are provided in

Table 1.

Figure 1. AAT4616A Typical Application Circuit

DATA SHEET • AAT4616A HIGH PRECISION ADJUSTABLE CURRENT LIMITED LOAD SWITCH WITH FAULT FLAG

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Figure 2. AAT4616A TDFN22-6

(Top View)

Table 1. AAT4616A Signal Descriptions

Pin # Name Description

1 OUT Current limiting load switch output (high side P-channel MOSFET drain). Connect a 0.47 µF capacitor from OUT to GND for best

load transient response.

2 SET Current limit set pin. Connect a resistor between this pin and ground to program the desired current limit set point.

3 FLT Current limit fault flag pin, open-drain output, active low signal. Pull up with a 10 kΩ to 100 kΩ resistor.

4 ON/ON Load switch enable input. Active high and active low options are available.

5 GND Ground

6 IN Load switch power supply input pin (high side P-channel MOSFET source). Bypass with a 1 µF capacitor from IN to GND.

Table 2. AAT4616A Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units

IN to GND VIN −0.3 +6.0 V

ON/ON,FLT to GND VON, VFLT −0.3 VIN + 0.3 V

SET, OUT to GND VSET, VOUT −0.3 VIN + 0.3 V

Maximum DC output current (Note 2) IMAX 2 A

Operating junction temperature range TJ −40 +150 ºC

Storage temperature range TSTG −40 +150 ºC

Maximum Soldering Temperature (at leads) TLEAD 300 ºC

Thermal resistance θJA 85 ºC/W

Power dissipation (Note 3) PD 1.18 W

Note 1: Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may reduce device reliability. There is no damage to device with only one parameter set at the limit and all other

parameters set at or below their nominal value. Exceeding any of the limits listed may result in permanent damage to the device.

Note 2: The current rating is based on long-term current density limitations.

Note 3: Mounted on an FR4 board. Derated 11.8 mW/ ºC above 25 ºC.

CAUTION: Although this device is designed to be as robust as possible, Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) can damage this device. This device

must be protected at all times from ESD. Static charges may easily produce potentials of several kilovolts on the human body

or equipment, which can discharge without detection. Industry-standard ESD precautions should be used at all times.

Electrical and Mechanical Specifications

The absolute maximum ratings of the AAT4616A are provided in

Table 2. The recommended operating conditions are specified in

Table 3, and electrical specifications are provided in Table 4.

Typical performance characteristics of the AAT4616A are

illustrated in Figures 3 through 14.

DATA SHEET • AAT4616A HIGH PRECISION ADJUSTABLE CURRENT LIMITED LOAD SWITCH WITH FAULT FLAG

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Table 3. Recommended Operating Conditions

Parameter Symbol Minimum Typical Maximum Units

Input voltage VIN 2.4 5.5 V

High-level Input voltage VON(H) 1.4 V

Low-level Input voltage VON(L) 0.5 V

Operating temperature TA −40 +85 ºC

Table 4. AAT4616A Electrical Specifications (Note 1)

(VIN = 5 V, TA = –40 °C to +85 °C [Typical Values are at TA = 25 °C], Unless Otherwise Noted)

Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Typical Max Units

Input voltage VIN 2.4 5.5 V

Operating quiescent current IQ VIN = 5 V, ON/ON = Active, IOUT = 0 A 10 25 µA

Off supply current IQ(OFF) ON/ON = Inactive, VIN = 5.5 V 0.01 1 µA

Off switch current ISD(OFF) ON/ON = Inactive, VIN = 5.5 V, VOUT = 0 V 0.01 1 µA

Under-Voltage Lockout VUVLO Rising edge, 1% Hysteresis 1.8 2.4 V

UVLO hysteresis VUVLO_HYS 10 mV

On resistance RDS(ON) VIN = 5.0 V, TA = 25 °C 130 180 mΩ

VIN = 3.0 V, TA = 25 °C 150 230

On-resistance temperature coefficient TCRDS 2800 ppm/°C

Current limit ILIM RSET = 35 kΩ, VOUT = VIN – 0.5 V 0.67 0.75 0.83 A

Minimum current limit ILIM(MIN) 300 mA

ON/ON input low voltage VON(L) VIN = 2.4 V to 5.5 V 0.5 V

ON/ON input high voltage VON(H) VIN = 2.4 V to 5.5 V 1.4 V

ON/ON input leakage ION(SINK) VON = 5.5 V 0.01 1 µA

Current limit response time tRESP VIN = 5 V 2 µs

Turn-on time tON VIN = 5 V, RLOAD = 10 Ω 4 7 µs

Turn-off time tOFF VIN = 5 V, RLOAD = 10 Ω 8 10 µs

Fault flag blanking time tBLANK 4 ms

Fault flag logic low output VFLT(L) IFLT(SINK) = 1 mA 0.4 V

Fault flag logic high leakage current IFLT(SINK) 0.03 1 µA

Over-temperature shutdown threshold TSD VIN = 5 V 140 °C

Over-temperature shutdown hysteresis TSD_HYS 15 °C

Note 1: Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this Table.

DATA SHEET • AAT4616A HIGH PRECISION ADJUSTABLE CURRENT LIMITED LOAD SWITCH WITH FAULT FLAG

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Typical Performance Characteristics

Figure 3. Quiescent Current vs Temperature

(VIN = 5.0 V)

Figure 5. Quiescent Current Voltage

(TA = 25 °C)

Figure 7. RDS(ON) vs Temperature

Figure 4. Current Limit vs Output Voltage

(VIN = 5.0 V, TA = 25 °C, RSET = 34.8 kΩ)

Figure 6. Off-Switch Current vs Temperature

(VIN = 5.0 V)

Figure 8. RSET vs ILIM (TA = 25 °C)

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Typical Performance Characteristics

Figure 9. ON(ON) Threshold vs Input Voltage

Figure 11. Figure 10. AAT4616AIPU-1 Turn-Off

(RL = 10 Ω, CL = 0.47 µF)

Figure 13. Output Short Response

(VIN = 5.0 V)

Figure 10. AAT4616AIPU-1 Turn-On

(RL = 10 Ω, CL = 0.47 µF)

Figure 12. Short Circuit Through 0.3 Ω

(VIN = 5.0 V)

Figure 14. Fault Blanking Time

(VIN = 5.0 V)

DATA SHEET • AAT4616A HIGH PRECISION ADJUSTABLE CURRENT LIMITED LOAD SWITCH WITH FAULT FLAG

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Figure 15. AAT4616A Functional Block Diagram

Functional Description

The AAT4616A is a single channel current limiting load switch

that is intended to protect against short circuit and over-current

events by current limiting to a preset level. This device also

provides a reverse current blocking feature, on/off enable

control, and a fault flag to notify a system controller of an over-

current, short circuit or over-temperature event.

In the event of a load current that exceeds a user-programmed

current limit level (ILIM), a high speed current limit loop limits

the current in a microsecond and resets to low impedance once

the short circuit condition is removed.

The AAT4616A is internally protected from thermal damage by

an over-temperature detection circuit. If the die temperature

reaches the internal thermal limit, the power device is switched

off until the die temperature cools to a level below the thermal

limit threshold. This device may operate in a thermal cycling

state indefinitely or until the over-current condition is removed.

The AAT4616A operates with input voltages ranging from 2.4 V

to 5.5 V which, along with its extremely low operating current,

make it ideal for battery-powered applications. In cases where

the input voltage drops to below 2.4 V, the AAT4616A MOSFET

is protected from entering the saturated region of operation by

being automatically shut down by the UVLO circuit.

Current limit or over-temperature conditions are reported by the

open drain FAULT output. A 4 ms blanking interval prevents

false reporting during the charging of a capacitive load, which

typically occurs during device turn-on, but may also occur

during a port hot plug-in event. The AAT4616A is ideally suited

for protection of peripheral ports such as USB, RS232, and

parallel ports.

Reverse Current Blocking

The reverse current blocking feature prevents current flowing

from OUT to IN when the device is disabled. When the device is

enabled, the electrical characteristics between IN and OUT are

still similar to an ideal switch, and current can flow in either

direction.

Application Information

Setting Current Limit

The AAT4616A current limit can be set by an external resistor

(RSET) connected from the SET pin to GND. RSET can be

calculated by the following equation:

where ILIM is in mA and RSET in kΩ.

Table 5 summarizes resistor values for current limit settings.

Use 1% tolerance metal film resistors to program the desired

current limit setting. Figure 16 shows the output current versus

output voltage with RSET equal to 34.8 kΩ.

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Table 5. Recommended 1% Tolerance Metal Film Resistors RSET

for Current Limit

RSET (k

Ω

) Current Limit (mA)

86.6 300

51 500

34.8 750

26.1 1000

21.5 1200

18.2 1400

16.5 1600

Figure 16. Current Limit vs Output Voltage with 34.8 kΩ RSET

Input Capacitor

The input capacitor CIN protects the power supply from current

transients generated by the load attached to the AAT4616A.

When a short circuit is suddenly applied to the output of the

AAT4616A, a large current, limited only by the RDS(ON) of the

MOSFET, flows for less than 1 µs before the current limit

circuitry activates. In this event, a moderately sized CIN

dramatically reduces the voltage transient seen by the power

supply and by other circuitry upstream from the AAT4616A.

The extremely fast short-circuit response time of the AAT4616A

reduces the size requirement for CIN. CIN should be located as

close to the device VIN pin as practically possible. Ceramic,

tantalum, or aluminum electrolytic capacitors are appropriate

for CIN. There is no specific capacitor Equivalent Series

Resistance (ESR) requirement for CIN. For higher current

operation, ceramic capacitors are recommended for CIN due to

their inherent capability over tantalum capacitors to withstand

input current surges from low impedance sources such as

batteries in portable devices.

Output Capacitor

To ensure stability while the current limit is active, a low

capacitance (approximately 0.47 µF) is required. No matter how

large the output capacitor, the output current is limited to the

value set by the AAT4616A current limiting circuitry, so very

large output capacitors can be used.

For example, USB ports are specified to have at least 120 µF of

capacitance downstream from their controlling power switch.

The current limiting circuit allows an output capacitance of

1000 µF or more without disturbing the upstream power supply.

ON/ON (Enable Input)

In many systems, power planes are controlled by integrated

circuits that run at lower voltages than the power planes,

themselves. The enable input (ON/ON) of the AAT4616A has low

and high threshold voltages that accommodate this condition.

The threshold voltages are compatible with 5 V TTL and

2.5 V ∼ 5 V CMOS systems.

Both active high and active low options are available.

Connecting to Capacitive Load

When the AAT4616A is switched onto a capacitive load, the

device charges the output capacitive load at a rate no greater

than the current limit setting.

FAULT Output

The FAULT Flag FLT is provided to alert the system if an

AAT4616A load is not receiving sufficient voltage to operate

properly. If current limit or over-temperature circuits in any

combination are active for more than approximately 4 ms, the

FAULT Flag is pulled to ground through an approximately 100 Ω

resistor.

The filtering of voltage or current transients of less than 4 ms

prevents capacitive loads connected to the AAT4616A output

from activating the FAULT Flag when they are initially attached.

Pull-up resistances of 10 kΩ to 100 kΩ are recommended.

Since FLT is an open-drain terminal; it may be pulled up to any

unrelated voltage less than the maximum operating voltage of

5.5 V, allowing for level shifting between circuits.

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Thermal Considerations

Since the AAT4616A has internal current limit and over-

temperature protection, junction temperature is rarely a concern.

However, if the application requires large currents in a hot

environment, it is possible that temperature, rather than current

limit, is the dominant regulating condition. In these applications,

the maximum current available without risk of an over-

temperature condition must be calculated. The maximum

internal temperature while the current limit is inactive can be

calculated using the following equation:

(1)

Where:

IMAX is the maximum current required by the load.

RDS(ON)(MAX) is the maximum rated RDS(ON) of the AAT4616A at

high temperature.

RθJA is the thermal resistance between the AAT4616A die and

the board onto which it is mounted.

TA(MAX) is the maximum temperature that the PCB under the

AAT4616A would be if the AAT4616A were not dissipating

power.

Rearranging equation (1) to solve for IMAX:

(2)

Note that TJ(MAX) has been replaced by TSD(MIN), the minimum

temperature required to activate the over-temperature

protection feature of the AAT4616A. With the typical

specification of 140 °C, a safe minimum value to use would be

125 °C.

For example, if an application is specified to operate in 50 °C

environments, the PCB operates at temperatures as high as

85 °C. The application is sealed and its PCB is small, causing

RθJA to be approximately 85 °C/W. Using equation (2):

Evaluation Board Information

The AAT4616A Evaluation Board schematic diagram is provided

in Figure 17. The PCB layer details are shown in Figure 18, and

Table 6 lists the Evaluation Board Bill of Materials (BOM).

Figure 17. AAT4616A Evaluation Board Schematic

Table 6. AAT4616A Evaluation Board Bill of Materials (BOM)

Component Part Number Description Manufacturer

U1 AAT4616AIPU-T1 Current Limited Load Switch Skyworks

C1 GRM188R71C105K Ceramic capacitor, 1 µF, 0603 X7R, 16 V, 10% Murata

C2 GRM188R71C474K Ceramic capacitor, 0.47 µF, 0603 X7R, 16 V, 10% Murata

RSET Chip Resistor Resistor, 34.8 kΩ, 1/16 W, 1%, 0603 SMD Vishay

R2 Chip Resistor Resistor, 100 kΩ, 1/16 W, 1%, 0603 SMD Vishay

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Figure 18. AAT4616A Evaluation Board Layer Details

Package Information

Package dimensions for the TDFN22-6 are shown in Figure 19,

and tape and reel dimensions are provided in Figure 20.

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Figure 19. AAT4616A TDFN22-6 Package Dimensions

Figure 20. AAT4616A Tape and Reel Dimensions

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Ordering Information

Model Name Enable Input Package Marking

(Note 1)

Manufacturing Part Number

(Note 2) Evaluation Board Part Number

AAT4616A Adjustable Current Limited

Load Switch with Fault Flag

Active High TDFN22-6 R9XYY AAT4616AIPU-1-T1 AAT4616AIPU-1-EVB

Active Low TDFN22-6 U4WBF AAT4616AIPU-T1 AAT4616AIPU-EVB

Note 1: XYY = assembly and date code.

Note 2: Sample stock is generally held on part numbers listed in BOLD.

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