36-75 Vdc DC/DC converter
Output up to 80 A/200 W
PKM 4000C Series
Contents
Product Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Mechanical Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Product Qualifi cation Specifi cation . . . . . . . . 5
Safety Specifi cation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
PKM 4918LC PINB - 1.2 V Data . . . . . . . . . . 7
PKM 4118HC PINB - 1.5 V Data . . . . . . . . . 10
PKM 4118GC PINB - 1.8 V Data . . . . . . . . . 13
PKM 4119C PINB - 2.5 V Data . . . . . . . . . . 16
PKM 4110C PINB - 3.3 V Data . . . . . . . . . . 19
PKM 4211C PINB - 5 V Data . . . . . . . . . . . 22
EMC Specifi cation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Operating Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Thermal Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Soldering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Delivery Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Design for Environment (DfE) . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Quality Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Limitation of Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Sales Offi ces and Contact Information . . . . 30
Safety Approvals
Datasheet
Key Features
• Industry standard quarterbrick and optional double Pin-Out
57.93 x 36.80 x 9.1 mm (2.278 x 1.449 x 0.35 In.)
• RoHS compliant
• High effi ciency, typ. 92 % at 3.3 Vout half load
• 2250 Vdc input to output isolation, meets isolation
requirements equivalent to basic insulation according
to IEC/EN/UL 60950
• More than 2.7 million hours predicted MTBF at +40 ºC
ambient temperature
The PKM 4000C series of high effi ciency DC/DC
converters are designed to provide high quality on-board
power solutions in distributed power architectures used
in Internetworking equipment in wireless and wired
communications applications.
The PKM 4000C series features a "double-p" footprint
with dual output pins which reduces soldering losses to
the board while increasing the cooling of the module.
The PKM 4000C series uses patented synchronous
rectifi cation technology and achieves an effi ciency up to
90% at full load.
Included as standard features are output over-voltage
protection, input under-voltage protection, over temperature
protection, soft-start, output short circuit protection, remote
sense, remote control, and output voltage adjust function.
These converters are designed to meet high reliability
requirements and are manufactured in highly automated
manufacturing lines and meet world-class quality levels.
Ericsson Power Modules is an ISO 9001/14001 certifi ed
supplier.
E
2EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Product Program
VI
VO/IO max PO max Ordering No. Comment
Output 1
48/60
1.2 V/80 A 96 W PKM 4918LC PINB
1.5 V/80 A 120 W PKM 4118HC PNB
1.8 V/71 A 126 W PKM 4118GC PINB
2.5 V/55 A 137.5 W PKM 4119C PINB
3.3 V/50 A 165 W PKM 4110C PINB
5.0 V/40 A 200 W PKM 4211C PINB
12 V/17 A 204 W PKM 4213C PINB Preliminary product code
Option Suffi x Example
Positive Remote Control logic P PKM 4110C PIPNB
Lead length 3.69 mm (0.145 in) LA PKM 4110C PINBLA
Single pin-out* SP PKM 4110C PINBSP
Note: As an example a positive logic and short pin product would be PKM 4110C PINBLA.
*A single pin option is available but will decrease the maximum available output current.
Ericsson power modules do not recommend that each pin should conduct more than 40A due
to power dissipation inside the pin and the board.
To use more current than stated will have impact on solder joints and current distribution to
the board, the power module will however be safe but will have more power dissipation due to
less conductive material to the board.
3EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Mechanical Information
4EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Fundamental Circuit Diagram
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2
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Absolute Maximum Ratings
Characteristics Conditions min typ max Unit
VIInput voltage range 36 75 Vdc
VIoff Turn-off input voltage Ramping from higher voltage 32 Vdc
VIon Turn-on input voltage Ramping from lower voltage 34 Vdc
CIInput capacitance 5.4 µF
PIi Input idling power Io= 0, VI = 53 V 3.5 W
PRC Input standby power (turned off with RC) VI = 53 V, RC activated 0.1 W
Input TPcb <TPcb max unless otherwise specifi ed
Characteristics min typ max Unit
Tpcb Maximum Operating Tpcb Temperature (see thermal consideration section) -40 +125 ˚C
TSStorage temperature -55 +125 ˚C
VIInput voltage -0.5 +100 Vdc
VISO Isolation voltage (input to output test voltage) 2250 Vdc
Vtr Input voltage transient (Tp 100 ms) 100 Vdc
VRC
Negative logic (referenced to -In) 15 Vdc
Positive logic (referenced to -In) -0.5 15 Vdc
Vadj Maximum input -0.5 2xVoi Vdc
Stress in excess of Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage. Absolute
Maximum Ratings, sometimes referred to as no destruction limits, are normally tested with
one parameter at a time exceeding the limits of Output data or Electrical Characteristics.
If exposed to stress above these limits, function and performance may degrade in an
unspecifi ed manner.
5EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Characteristics
Random Vibration IEC 68-2-34 Eb
Frequency
Spectral density
Duration
10 ... 500 Hz
0.025 g2/Hz
10 min each direction
Sinusoidal vibration IEC 68-2-6 Fc
Frequency
Amplitude
Acceleration
Number of cycles
10 ... 500 Hz
0.75 mm
10 g
10 in each axis
Mechanical shock
(half sinus) IEC 68-2-27 Ea
Peak acceleration
Duration
Pulse shape
200 g
3 ms
half sine
Temperature cycling IEC 68-2-14 Na
Temperature
Number of cycles
-40 ... +100 ˚C
300
Heat/Humidity IEC 68-2-67 Ca
Temperature
Humidity
Duration
+85 ˚C
85 % RH
1000 hours
Solder heat stability IEC 68-2-20 1A Temperature, solder
Duration
260 ˚C
10 s
Resistance to cleaning agents IEC 68-2-45 XA
Method 2
Water
Isopropyl alcohol
Glycol ether
Method
+55 ±5 ˚C
+35 ±5 ˚C
+35 ±5 ˚C
with rubbing
Storage test IEC 68-2-2 BaTemperature
Duration
125 ˚C
1000 h
Cold (in operation) IEC 68-2-1 BcTemperature, TA
Duration
-40 ˚C
2 h
Operational life test Duration 1000 h
Product Qualifi cation Specifi cation
6EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Ericsson Power Modules DC/DC converters and DC/DC regulators
are designed in accordance with safety standards
IEC/EN/UL 60 950, Safety of Information Technology Equipment.
IEC/EN/UL60950 contains requirements to prevent injury or
damage due to the following hazards:
• Electrical shock
• Energy hazards
• Fire
• Mechanical and heat hazards
• Radiation hazards
• Chemical hazards
On-board DC-DC converters are defi ned as component power
supplies. As components they cannot fully comply with the
provisions of any Safety requirements without “Conditions of
Acceptability”. It is the responsibility of the installer to ensure that
the fi nal product housing these components complies with the
requirements of all applicable Safety standards and Directives for
the fi nal product.
Component power supplies for general use should comply with
the requirements in IEC60950, EN60950 and UL60950 “Safety of
information technology equipment”.
There are other more product related standards, e.g.
IEC61204-7 “Safety standard for power supplies",
IEEE802.3af “Ethernet LAN/MAN Data terminal equipment
power”, and ETS300132-2 “Power supply interface at the input to
telecommunications equipment; part 2: DC”,
but all of these standards are based on IEC/EN/UL60950 with
regards to safety.
Ericsson Power Modules DC/DC converters and DC/DC regulators
are UL 60 950 recognized and certifi ed in accordance with EN 60
950.
The fl ammability rating for all construction parts of the products
meets UL 94V-0.
The products should be installed in the end-use equipment, in
accordance with the requirements of the ultimate application.
Normally the output of the DC/DC converter is considered as SELV
(Safety Extra Low Voltage) and the input source must be isolated by
minimum Double or Reinforced Insulation from the primary circuit
(AC mains) in accordance with
IEC/EN/UL 60 950.
Safety Specifi cation
Isolated DC/DC converters.
The input voltage to the DC/DC regulator is SELV (Safety Extra Low
Voltage) and the output remains SELV under normal and abnormal
operating conditions.
It is recommended that a slow blow fuse with a rating
twice the maximum input current per selected product
be used at the input of each DC/DC regulator.
Non-isolated DC/DC regulators.
24 V dc systems.
The input voltage to the DC/DC converter is SELV (Safety Extra Low
Voltage) and the output remains SELV under normal and abnormal
operating conditions.
48 and 60 V dc systems.
If the input voltage to Ericsson Power Modules DC/DC converter
is 75 V dc or less, then the output remains SELV (Safety Extra Low
Voltage) under normal and abnormal operating conditions.
Single fault testing in the input power supply circuit should be
performed with the DC/DC converter connected to demonstrate
that the input voltage does not exceed 75 V dc.
If the input power source circuit is a DC power system, the source
may be treated as a TNV2 circuit and testing has demonstrated
compliance with SELV limits and isolation requirements equivalent
to Basic Insulation in accordance with IEC/EN/UL 60 950.
It is recommended that a fast blow fuse with a rating
twice the maximum input current per selected product
be used at the input of each DC/DC converter. If an input fi lter is
used in the circuit the fuse should be placed in front of the input
fi lter.
In the rare event of a component problem in the input fi lter or in the
DC/DC converter that imposes a short circuit on the input source,
this fuse will provide the following functions:
• Isolate the faulty DC/DC converter from the input power source
so as not to affect the operation of other parts of the system.
• Protect the distribution wiring from excessive current and power
loss thus preventing hazardous overheating.
The galvanic isolation is verifi ed in an electric strength test. The test
voltage (VISO) between input and output is 1500 Vdc or 2250 Vdc for
60 seconds (refer to product specifi cation). Leakage current is less
than 1µA at nominal input voltage.
General information.
7 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
PKM 4918LC PINB - 1.2 V Data
Characteristics Conditions
Output Unit
min typ max
VOi
Output voltage initial setting
and accuracy VI = 53 V, IOmax, TPcb = 25 °C 1.18 1.200 1.22 V
Output adjust range IOmax, VI = 53 V, TPcb = 25 °C 0.96 1.32 V
VO
Output voltage tolerance band 0.1...1 x IOmax 1.16 1.24 V
Idling voltage IO = 0 1.18 1.22 V
Line regulation IO = IOmax 17 mV
Load regulation IO = 0.01...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V 17 mV
Vtr Load transient
voltage deviation
0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax ±300 mV
ttr Load transient recovery time 0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax 100 µs
trRamp-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
0.1...0.9 x VOnom 51015ms
tsStart-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
From VI connected to 0.9 x VOnom 10 15 100 ms
IOOutput current 0 80 A
POmax Max output power At VO = VOnom 96 W
Ilim Current limit threshold TPcb < TPcb max 82 110 A
Isc Short circuit current TPcb = 25 °C 95 110 A
VOac Output ripple See ripple and noise, IOmax, VOnom 50 150 mVp-p
SVR Supply voltage rejection (ac) TPcb = 25 °C, f = 100 Hz sine wave 1 Vp-p,
VI = 53 V 70 dB
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, 0.5 x IOmax 87 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, IOmax 82 %
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, 0.5 x IOmax 87 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 81 82 %
PdPower Dissipation TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 22.6 W
fsSwitching frequency 0 ... 1.0 x IOmax 145 155 165 kHz
TPcb = –40…+90 °C, VI = 36...75V, sense pins connected to output pins unless otherwise specifi ed.
8 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Effi ciency
Output Characteristic
Output Current Derating
Power Dissipation
PKM 4918LC PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage vs. load current at TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V.
Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airfl ow at
Vin = 53 V. DC/DC converter mounted vertically with airfl ow and
test conditions as per the Thermal consideration section.
Effi ciency vs. load current and input voltage at TPcb = +25 °C
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Thermal resistance vs. airspeed measured at the converter.
Tested in windtunnel with airfl ow and test conditions as per
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Thermal Resistance
9 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Output Ripple Transient
PKM 4918LC PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage ripple (50mV/div.) at TPcb = +25 °C,
Vin = 53 V, IO = 80 A resistive load with C = 10 µF
tantalum and 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor
Band width = 20 MHz. Time scale: 2µs / div.
Output voltage response to load current step-change
(15-55-15 A) at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (200 mV/div.).
Bottom trace: load current (50 A/div.)
Time scale: 0.1 ms/div.
Output Voltage Adjust
Output voltage adjust resistor value vs.
percentage change in output voltage.
Output Voltage Adjust
Start-Up Turn-Off
Start-up enabled by connecting Vin.
IO = 80 A resistive load, TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (0.5 V/div.).
Bottom trace: input voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 5 ms/div.
Turn-off enabled by disconnecting Vin.
IO = 80 A resistive load, TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: input voltage (0.5 V/div.).
Bottom trace: output voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 2 ms/div.
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The resistor value for an adjusted output voltage is
calculated by using the following equations:
Output Voltage Adjust Upwards, Increase:
Radj= [4896/(1.0208-(1.225/Vo))-1000 Ohm
Output Voltage Adjust Downwards, Decrease:
Radj= [5104/((1.225/Vo)-1.0208)-1000 Ohm
Eg Increase 8 % to VO = 1.3 Vdc
4896 / (1.0208 - ( 1.225/1.3)) - 1000 = 61 kOhm
Eg Decrease 8 % to Vout = 1.1 Vdc
5104 / ((1.225/1.1) - 1.0208) - 1000 = 54 kOhm
10 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
PKM 4118HC PINB - 1.5 V Data
Characteristics Conditions
Output Unit
min typ max
VOi
Output voltage initial setting
and accuracy VI = 53 V, IOmax, TPcb = 25 °C 1.47 1.50 1.53 V
Output adjust range IOmax, VI = 53 V, TPcb = 25 °C 1.35 1.65 V
VO
Output voltage tolerance band 0.1...1 x IOmax 1.44 1.56 V
Idling voltage IO = 0 1.44 1.56 V
Line regulation IOmax 15 mV
Load regulation IO = 0.01...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V 15 mV
Vtr Load transient
voltage deviation
0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax ±400 mV
ttr Load transient recovery time 0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax 100 µs
trRamp-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
0.1...0.9 x VOnom 51015ms
tsStart-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
From VI connected to 0.9 x VOnom 10 15 100 ms
IOOutput current 0 80 A
POmax Max output power Ab V = VOnom 120 W
Ilim Current limit threshold TPcb < TPcbmax 83 100 A
Isc Short circuit current TPcb = 25 °C 90 110 A
VOac Output ripple See ripple and noise, IOmax, VOnom 50 180 mVp-p
SVR Supply voltage rejection (ac) TPcb = 25 °C, f = 100 Hz sine wave 1 Vp-p,
VI = 53 V 70 dB
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, 0.5 x IOmax 89 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, IOmax 83 %
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, 0.5 x IOmax 89.5 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 83.5 84 %
PdPower Dissipation TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 23.4 W
fsSwitching frequency 0 ... 1.0 x IOmax 145 155 165 kHz
TPcb = –40…+90 °C, VI = 36...75V, sense pins connected to output pins unless otherwise specifi ed.
11 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Effi ciency
Output Characteristic
Output Current Derating
Power Dissipation
PKM 4118HC PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage vs. load current at TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V.
Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airfl ow
at Vin = 53 V. DC/DC converter mounted vertically with airfl ow
and test conditions as per the Thermal consideration section.
Effi ciency vs. load current and input voltage at TPcb = +25 °C
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Tested in windtunnel with airfl ow and test conditions as per
the Thermal consideration section.
Thermal Resistance
12 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Output Ripple Transient
PKM 4118HC PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage ripple (20mV/div.) at TPcb = +25 °C,
Vin = 53 V, IO = 80 A resistive load with C = 10 µF
tantalum and 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor.
Band width = 20 MHz. Time scale: 2µs / div.
Output voltage response to load current step-change
(20-60-20 A) at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (500 mV/div.).
Bottom trace: load current (50 A/div.)
Time scale: 0.1 ms/div.
Output Voltage Adjust
Output voltage adjust resistor value vs.
percentage change in output voltage.
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Output Voltage Adjust
Start-Up Turn-Off
Start-up enabled by connecting Vin.
IO = 80 A resistive load, TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (0.5 V/div.).
Bottom trace: input voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 5 ms/div.
Turn-off enabled by disconnecting Vin.
IO = 80 A resistive load, TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: input voltage (0.5 V/div.).
Bottom trace: output voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 2 ms/div.
The resistor value for an adjusted output voltage is
calculated by using the following equations:
Output Voltage Adjust Upwards, Increase:
Radj= [5917/(0.8166- (1.225Vo))-1000]Ohm
Output Voltage Adjust Downwards, Decrease:
Radj= [4083/(1.225Vo- (0.8166))-1000]Ohm
Eg Increase 8% =>Vout = 1.62 Vdc
5917/(0.8166-(1.225/1.62))= 97 kOhm
Eg Decrease 8% =>Vout = 1.38 Vdc
4083/((1.225/1.38)-0.8166))-1000= 56.4 kOhm
13 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Characteristics Conditions
Output Unit
min typ max
VOi
Output voltage initial setting
and accuracy VI = 53 V, IOmax, TPcb = 25 °C 1.77 1.80 1.84 V
Output adjust range IOmax, VI = 53 V, TPcb = 25 °C 1.62 1.98 V
VO
Output voltage tolerance band 0.1...1 x IOmax 1.73 1.86 V
Idling voltage IO = 0 1.77 1.84 V
Line regulation IOmax 25 mV
Load regulation IO = 0.01...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V 25 mV
Vtr Load transient
voltage deviation
0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax ±250 mV
ttr Load transient recovery time 0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax 100 µs
trRamp-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
0.1...0.9 x VOnom 15 30 ms
tsStart-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
From VI connected to 0.9 x VOnom 10 20 60 ms
IOOutput current 0 71 A
POmax Max output power Ab V = VOnom 128 W
Ilim Current limit threshold TPcb < TPcbmax 72 80 A
Isc Short circuit current TPcb = 25 °C 85 95 A
VOac Output ripple & noise See ripple and noise, IOmax, VOnom 100 180 mVp-p
SVR Supply voltage rejection (ac) TPcb = 25 °C, f = 100 Hz sine wave 1 Vp-p,
VI = 53 V 70 dB
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, 0.5 x IOmax 90.5 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, IOmax 87 %
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, 0.5 x IOmax 90.5 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 87 87.5 %
PdPower Dissipation TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 19.1 W
fsSwitching frequency 0 ... 1.0 x IOmax 145 155 160 kHz
PKM 4118GC PINB - 1.8 V Data
TPcb = –40…+90 °C, VI = 36...75V, sense pins connected to output pins unless otherwise specifi ed.
14 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Effi ciency
Output Characteristic
Output Current Derating
Power Dissipation
PKM 4118GC PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage vs. load current at TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V.
Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airfl ow
at Vin = 53 V. DC/DC converter mounted vertically with airfl ow
and testconditions as per the Thermal consideration section.
Effi ciency vs. load current and input voltage at TPcb = +25 °C
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Thermal resistance vs. airspeed measured at the converter.
Tested in windtunnel with airfl ow and test conditions as per
the Thermal consideration section.
Thermal Resistance
15 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Output Ripple Transient
PKM 4118GC PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage ripple (50mV/div.) at TPcb = +25 °C,
Vin = 53 V, IO = 71 A resistive load with C = 10 µF
tantalum and 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor.
Band width = 20 MHz. Time scale: 2µs / div.
Output voltage response to load current step-change
(18-54-18 A) at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div.).
Bottom trace: load current (50 A/div.)
Time scale: 0.1 ms/div.
Output Voltage Adjust
Output voltage adjust resistor value vs.
percentage change in output voltage.
Output Voltage Adjust
Start-Up Turn-Off
Start-up enabled by connecting Vin.
IO = 71 A resistive load, TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: input voltage (1 V/div.).
Bottom trace: output voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 5 ms/div.
Turn-off enabled by disconnecting Vin.
IO = 71 A resistive load at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: Input voltage 1 V/div.
Bottom trace: output voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 5 ms/div.
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The resistor value for an adjusted output voltage is
calculated by using the following equations:
Output Voltage Adjust Upwards, Increase:
Radj= 5.11 [1.8(100+∆%) / 1.225∆%- (100+2∆%) /∆% ] kOhm
Output Voltage Adjust Downwards, Decrease:
Radj= 5.11 [(100 / ∆%-2) ] kOhm
Eg Increase 4% =>Vout = 1.87 Vdc
5.11 [1.8(100+4)/(1.225x4)-(100+2x4)/4]=57.3 kOhm
Eg Decrease 2% =>Vout = 1.76 Vdc
5.11 x(100/2-2)=245.3 kOhm
16 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Characteristics Conditions
Output Unit
min typ max
VOi
Output voltage initial setting
and accuracy VI = 53 V, IOmax, TPcb = 25 °C 2.45 2.500 2.55 V
Output adjust range IOmax, VI = 53 V, TPcb = 25 °C 2.21 2.81 V
VO
Output voltage tolerance band 0.1...1 x IOmax 2.40 2.60 V
Idling voltage IO = 0 2.40 2.60 V
Line regulation IOmax 30 mV
Load regulation IO = 0.01...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V 30 mV
Vtr Load transient
voltage deviation
0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax ±250 mV
ttr Load transient recovery time 0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax 40 µs
trRamp-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
0.1...0.9 x VOnom 51015ms
tsStart-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
From VI connected to 0.9 x VOnom 10 15 100 ms
IOOutput current 0 55 A
POmax Max output power Ab V = VOnom 137.5 W
Ilim Current limit threshold TPcb < TPcbmax 58 75 A
Isc Short circuit current TPcb = 25 °C 65 90 A
VOac Output ripple & noise See ripple and noise, IOmax, VOnom 80 130 mVp-p
SVR Supply voltage rejection (ac) TPcb = 25 °C, f = 100 Hz sine wave 1 Vp-p,
VI = 53 V 55 dB
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, 0.5 x IOmax 92 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, IOmax 88 %
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, 0.5 x IOmax 91 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 86.5 88 %
PdPower Dissipation TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 20.8 W
fsSwitching frequency 0 ... 1.0 x IOmax 145 155 165 kHz
PKM 4119C PINB - 2.5 V Data
TPcb = –40…+90 °C, VI = 36...75V, sense pins connected to output pins unless otherwise specifi ed.
17 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Effi ciency
Output Characteristic
Output Current Derating
Power Dissipation
PKM 4119C PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage vs. load current at TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V.
Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airfl ow
at Vin = 53 V. DC/DC converter mounted vertically with airfl ow
testconditions as per the Thermal consideration section.
Effi ciency vs. load current and input voltage at TPcb = +25 °C
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Thermal resistance vs. airspeed measured at the converter.
Tested in windtunnel with airfl ow and test conditions as per
the Thermal consideration section.
Thermal Resistance
18 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Output Ripple Transient
PKM 4119C PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage ripple (50 mV/div.) at TPcb = +25 °C,
Vin = 53 V, IO = 55 A resistive load with C = 10 µF
tantalum and 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor.
Band width = 20 MHz. Time scale: 2 µs/div.
Output voltage response to load current step-change
(14-38-14 A) at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: Input voltage (50 mV/div.).
Bottom trace: load current (40 A/div.).
Time scale: 0.1 ms/div.
Output Voltage Adjust
Output voltage adjust resistor value vs.
percentage change in output voltage.
Output Voltage Adjust
Start-Up Turn-Off
Start-up enabled by connecting Vin.
IO = 55 A resistive load, TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (1 V/div.).
Bottom trace: input voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 2 ms/div.
Turn-off enabled by disconnecting Vin.
IO = 55 A resistive load at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (1 V/div.).
Bottom trace: input voltage (20 V/div.)
Time scale: 5 ms/div.
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The resistor value for an adjusted output voltage is
calculated by using the following equations:
Output Voltage Adjust Upwards, Increase:
Radj= 5.11 [2.5(100+∆%) / 1.225∆%- (100+2∆%) /∆% ] kOhm
Output Voltage Adjust Downwards, Decrease:
Radj= 5.11 [(100 / ∆%-2) ] kOhm
Eg Increase 4% =>Vout = 2.6 Vdc
5.11 [2.5(100+4)/(1.225x4)-(100+2x4)/4]=133 kOhm
Eg Decrease 2% =>Vout = 2.45 Vdc
5.11 x(100/2-2)=245.3 kOhm
19 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Characteristics Conditions
Output Unit
min typ max
VOi
Output voltage initial setting
and accuracy VI = 53 V, IOmax, TPcb = 25 °C 3.24 3.30 3.36 V
Output adjust range IOmax, VI = 53 V, TPcb = 25 °C 2.97 3.63 V
VO
Output voltage tolerance band 0.1...1 x IOmax 3.23 3.37 V
Idling voltage IO = 0 3.23 3.37 V
Line regulation IOmax -11 22 mV
Load regulation IO = 0.01...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V -11 22 mV
Vtr Load transient
voltage deviation
0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax ±500 mV
ttr Load transient recovery time 0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax 100 µs
trRamp-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
0.1...0.9 x VOnom 71030ms
tsStart-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
From VI connected to 0.9 x VOnom 10 15 100 ms
IOOutput current 0 50 A
POmax Max output power Ab V = VOnom 165 W
Ilim Current limit threshold TPcb < TPcbmax 55 70 A
Isc Short circuit current TPcb = 25 °C 60 75 A
VOac Output ripple & noise See ripple and noise, IOmax, VOnom 50 125 mVp-p
SVR Supply voltage rejection (ac) TPcb = 25 °C, f = 100 Hz sine wave 1 Vp-p,
VI = 53 V 50 dB
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, 0.5 x IOmax 92 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, IOmax 90 %
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, 0.5 x IOmax 92 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 89 90 %
PdPower Dissipation TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 20.4 W
fsSwitching frequency 0 ... 1.0 x IOmax 145 155 165 kHz
PKM 4110C PINB - 3.3 V Data
TPcb = –40…+90 °C, VI = 36...75V, sense pins connected to output pins unless otherwise specifi ed.
20 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Effi ciency
Output Characteristic
Output Current Derating
Power Dissipation
PKM 4110C PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage vs. load current at TPcb = +25 °C. VI = 53 V.
Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airfl ow
at Vin = 53 V. DC/DC converter mounted vertically with airfl ow
testconditions as per the Thermal consideration section.
Effi ciency vs. load current and input voltage at TPcb = +25 °C
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Thermal resistance vs. airspeed measured at the converter.
Tested in windtunnel with airfl ow and test conditions as per
the Thermal consideration section.
Thermal Resistance
21 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Output Ripple Transient
PKM 4110C PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage ripple (50mV/div.) at TPcb = +25 °C,
Vin = 53 V, IO = 50 A resistive load with C = 10 µF
tantalum and 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor.
Band width = 20 MHz. Time scale: 2µs / div.
Output voltage response to load current step-change
(12.5-37.5-12.5 A) at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (0.5 V/div.).
Bottom trace: load current: (40 A/div.).
Time scale: 0.1 ms/div.
Output Voltage Adjust
Output voltage adjust resistor value vs.
percentage change in output voltage.
Output Voltage Adjust
Start-Up Turn-Off
Start-up enabled by connecting Vin.
IO = 50 A resistive load, TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (1 V/div.).
Bottom trace: input voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 5 ms/div.
Turn-off enabled by disconnecting Vin.
IO = 50 A resistive load at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (1 V/div.).
Bottom trace: input voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 5 ms/div.
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The resistor value for an adjusted output voltage is
calculated by using the following equations:
Output Voltage Adjust Upwards, Increase:
Radj= 5.11 [3.3(100+∆%) / 1.225∆%- (100+2∆%) /∆% ] kOhm
Output Voltage Adjust Downwards, Decrease:
Radj= 5.11 [(100 / ∆%-2) ] kOhm
Eg Increase 4% =>Vout = 3.43 Vdc
5.11 [3.3(100+4)/(1.225x4)-(100+2x4)/4]=219.9 kOhm
Eg Decrease 2% =>Vout = 3.23 Vdc
5.11 x(100/2-2)=245.3 kOhm
22 EN/LZT 146 035 R3C ©Ericsson Power Modules, May 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Characteristics Conditions
Output Unit
min typ max
VOi
Output voltage initial setting
and accuracy VI = 53 V, IOmax, TPcb = 25 °C 4.90 5.00 5.10 V
Output adjust range IOmax, VI = 53 V, TPcb = 25 °C 4.50 5.50 V
VO
Output voltage tolerance band 0.1...1 x IOmax 4.80 5.20 V
Idling voltage IO = 0 4.80 5.20 V
Line regulation IOmax 35 mV
Load regulation IO = 0.01...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V 35 mV
Vtr Load transient
voltage deviation
0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax ±700 mV
ttr Load transient recovery time 0.1...1.0 x IOmax , VI = 53 V
Load step = 0.5 x IOmax 100 µs
trRamp-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
0.1...0.9 x VOnom 51030ms
tsStart-up time 0.1...1 x IOmax, VI = 53 V
From VI connected to 0.9 x VOnom 7 15 100 ms
IOOutput current 0 40 A
POmax Max output power Ab V = VOnom 200 W
Ilim Current limit threshold TPcb < TPcbmax 42 60 A
Isc Short circuit current TPcb = 25 °C 44 65 A
VOac Output ripple & noise See ripple and noise, IOmax, VOnom 60 150 mVp-p
SVR Supply voltage rejection (ac) TPcb = 25 °C, f = 100 Hz sine wave 1 Vp-p,
VI = 53 V 70 dB
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, 0.5 x IOmax 93 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 48 V, IOmax 90.5 %
ηEffi ciency - 50% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, 0.5 x IOmax 92 %
ηEffi ciency - 100% load TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 89 89.5 %
PdPower Dissipation TPcb = +25 °C, VI = 53 V, IOmax 24.7 W
fsSwitching frequency 0 ... 1.0 x IOmax 180 200 220 kHz
PKM 4211C PINB - 5 V Data
TPcb = –40…+90 °C, VI = 36...75V, sense pins connected to output pins unless otherwise specifi ed.
23 EN/LZT 146 035 R3C ©Ericsson Power Modules, May 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Effi ciency
Output Characteristic
Output Current Derating
Power Dissipation
PKM 4211C PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage vs. load current at TPcb = +25 °C. VI = 53 V.
Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airfl ow
at Vin = 53 V. DC/DC converter mounted vertically with airfl ow
testconditions as per the Thermal consideration section.
Effi ciency vs. load current and input voltage at TPcb = +25 °C
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Thermal resistance vs. airspeed measured at the converter.
Tested in windtunnel with airfl ow and test conditions as per
the Thermal consideration section.
Thermal Resistance
24 EN/LZT 146 035 R3C ©Ericsson Power Modules, May 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Output Ripple Transient
PKM 4211C PINB Typical Characteristics
Output voltage ripple (50 mV/div.) at TPcb = +25 °C,
Vin = 53 V, IO = 40 A resistive load with C= 10 µF
tantalum and 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor.
Band width = 20 MHz. Time scale: 2 µs / div.
Output voltage response to load current step-change
(10-30-10 A) at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (500 mV/div.).
Bottom trace:load current: (40 A/div.).
Time scale: 0.1 ms/div.
Output Voltage Adjust
Output voltage adjust resistor value vs.
percentage change in output voltage.
Output Voltage Adjust
Start-Up Turn-Off
Start-up enabled by connecting Vin.
IO = 40 A resistive load, TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (2 V/div.).
Bottom trace: input voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 5 ms/div.
Turn-off enabled by disconnecting Vin.
IO = 40 A resistive load at TPcb = +25 °C, Vin = 53 V.
Top trace: output voltage (2 V/div.).
Bottom trace: input voltage (20 V/div.).
Time scale: 5 ms/div.
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The resistor value for an adjusted output voltage is
calculated by using the following equations:
Output Voltage Adjust Upwards, Increase:
Radj= 5.11 [5(100+∆%) / 1.225∆%- (100+2∆%) /∆% ] kOhm
Output Voltage Adjust Downwards, Decrease:
Radj= 5.11 [(100 / ∆%-2) ] kOhm
Eg Increase 4% =>Vout = 5.2 Vdc
5.11 [5(100+4)/(1.225x4)-(100+2x4)/4]=404.3 kOhm
Eg Decrease 2% =>Vout = 4.9 Vdc
5.11 x(100/2-2)=245.3 kOhm
25 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
EMC Specifi cation
The conducted EMI measurement was performed using a
module placed directly on the test bench.
The fundamental switching frequency is 150kHz.
Conducted EMI Input termonal value (typ) .
External fi lter (class B)
Required external input fi lter in order to meet class B in
EN 55022, CISPR 22 and FCC part 15J.
The capacitors are ceramic type. Low ESR is critical for
achieveing these results.
Test set-up.
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Layout Recommendation
The radiated EMI performance of the DC/DC converter will
be optimised by including a ground plane in the Pcb area
under the DC/DC converter.
This approach will return switching noise to ground as di-
rectly as possible, with improvements to both emissions and
susceptibility.
If one ground trace is used, it should be connected to the
input return. Alternatively, two ground traces may be used,
with the trace under the input side of the DC/DC converter
connected to the input return and the trace under the output
side of the DC/DC converter connected to the output return.
Make sure to use appropriate safety isolation spacing be-
tween these two return traces. The use of two traces as de-
scribed will provide the capability of routing the input noise
and output noise back to their respective returns.
PKM 4118GC without fi lter.
PKM 4118GC with fi lter.
Output ripple and noise test setup
Output ripple and noise
The circuit below has been used for the ripple and noise
measurements on the PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters.
DC
Power
Source
+
-
5µH 50Ω
5µH 50Ω
LISN
LISN
in
in out
out
rcvr
rcvr
50 ohm input
1 m Twisted Pair
50 ohm temination
Optional Connection
to Earth Ground
Filter
(if used)
Power Module
Resistive
Load
Printed Circuit Board
EMC
Reciver Computer
BNC
Connector
to Scope
Ceramic
Capacitor
+Vout
+Sense
Trim
-Sense
-Vout
Load
Tantalum
Capacitor
* Conductor from Vout to capacitors = 50mm [1.97in]
+
0.1uF 10uF
26 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Operating Information
Input Voltage
The input voltage range 36…75 Vdc meets the requirements
of the European Telecom Standard ETS 300 132-2 for
normal input voltage range in –48 V and –60 V DC systems,
-40.5…-57.0 V and –50.0…-72 V respectively. At input
voltages exceeding 75 V, the power loss will be higher than
at normal input voltage and TPcb must be limited to absolute
max +110 °C. The absolute maximum continuous input
voltage is 80 Vdc.
Turn-Off Input Voltage
The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters monitor the input
voltage and will turn on and turn off at predetermined levels.
The minimum hysteresis between turn on and turn off input
voltage is 1 V where the turn on input voltage is the highest.
Output Voltage Adjust (Vadj)
All PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters have an Output
Voltage adjust pin (Vadj). This pin can be used to adjust the
output voltage above or below Output voltage initial setting.
When increasing the output voltage, the voltage at the output
pins (including any remote sense offset) must be kept below
the overvoltage trip point, to prevent the converter from
shut down. Also note that at increased output voltages the
maximum power rating of the converter remains the same,
and the output current capability will decrease correspond-
ingly. To decrease the output voltage the resistor should be
connected between Vadj pin and –Sense pin. To increase
the voltage the resistor should be connected between Vadj
pin and +Sense pin. The resistor value of the Output voltage
adjust function is according to information given under the
output section.
All PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters have remote sense
that can be used to compensate for moderate amounts of
resistance in the distribution system and allow for voltage
regulation at the load or other selected point. The remote
sense lines will carry very little current and do not need a
large cross sectional area. However, the sense lines on the
Pcb should be located close to a ground trace or ground
plane. In a discrete wiring situation, the use of twisted
pair wires or other technique to reduce noise susceptibil-
ity is highly recommended. The remote sense circuitry will
compensate for up to 10% voltage drop between the sense
voltage and the voltage at the output pins. The output volt-
age and the remote sense voltage offset must be less than
the minimum over voltage trip point. If the remote sense is
not needed the –Sense should be connected to –Out and
+Sense should be connected to +Out.
Remote Sense
Circuit confi guration for output voltage adjust
+Out
-Out
+Sense
Vadj
-Sense
Load
Radj
Radj
Decrease
Load
Increase
+Out
-Out
+Sense
Vadj
-Sense
Remote Control (RC)
The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC
converters have a remote control
function referenced to the primary
side (- In), with negative and positive
logic options available. The RC
function allows the converter to be
turned on/off by an external device
like a semiconductor or mechanical
switch. The RC pin has an internal pull up resistor to + In.
The needed maximum sink current is 1 mA. When the RC
pin is left open, the voltage generated on the RC pin is
3.5 - 6.0 V. The maximum allowable leakage current of the
switch is 50 µA.
The standard converter is provided with “negative logic”
remote control and the converter will be off until the RC
pin is connected to the - In. To turn on the converter the
voltage between RC pin and - In should be less than 1 V.
To turn off the converter the RC pin should be left open, or
connected to a voltage higher than 2 V referenced to - In. In
situations where it is desired to have the converter to power
up automatically without the need for control signals or a
switch, the RC pin can be wired directly to - In.
The second option is “positive logic” remote control, which
can be ordered by adding the suffi x “P” to the end of the
part number. The converter will turn on when the input
voltage is applied with the RC pin open. Turn off is achieved
by connecting the RC pin to the - In. To ensure safe turn off
the voltage difference between RC pin and the - In pin shall
be less than 0.8 V. The converter will restart automatically
when this connection is opened.
Circuit confi guration
for RC function
+In
RC
-In
27 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Operating Information
Over Temperature Protection (OTP)
The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters are protected
from thermal overload by an internal over temperature
shutdown circuit. When the Pcb temperature (TC reference
point) exceeds the temperature trig point (120 °C) for the
OTP circuit the converter will cut down output power. The
converter will go into hiccup mode until safe operational
temperature is restored.
Input And Output Impedance
The impedance of both the power source and the load will
interact with the impedance of the DC/DC converter. It is
most important to have a low characteristic impedance,
both at the input and output, as the converters have a low
energy storage capability. The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC
converters have been designed to be completely stable
without the need for external capacitors on the input or
the output circuits. The performance in some applications
can be enhanced by addition of external capacitance as
described under maximum capacitive load. If the distribution
of the input voltage source to the converter contains
signifi cant inductance, the addition of a 100µF capacitor
across the input of the converter will help insure stability.
This capacitor is not required when powering the DC/DC
converter from a low impedance source with short, low
inductance, input power leads.
Parallel Operation
The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters can be paralleled
for redundancy if external o-ring diodes are used in series
with the outputs. It is not recommended to parallel the PKM
4000C Series DC/DC converters for increased power without
using external current sharing circuits.
Maximum Capacitive Load
When powering loads with signifi cant dynamic current
requirements, the voltage regulation at the load can be
improved by addition of decoupling capacitance at the
load. The most affective technique is to locate low ESR
ceramic capacitors as close to the load as possible, using
several capacitors to lower the effective ESR. These
ceramic capacitors will handle short duration high-frequency
components of dynamic load changes. In addition, higher
values of electrolytic capacitors should be used to handle
the mid-frequency components. It is equally important
to use good design practise when confi guring the DC
distribution system.
Low resistance and low inductance Pcb layouts and cabling
should be used. Remember that when using remote sensing,
all resistance, inductance and capacitance of the distribution
system is within the feedback loop of the converter. This
can affect on the converters compensation and the resulting
stability and dynamic response performance. As a “rule of
thumb”, 100µF/A of output current can be used without
any additional analysis. For example with a 25A converter,
values of decoupling capacitance up to 2500 µF can be
used without regard to stability. With larger values of
capacitance, the load transient recovery time can exceed
the specifi ed value. As much of the capacitance as possible
should be outside the remote sensing loop and close to the
load. The absolute maximum value of output capacitance is
10 000 µF. For values larger than this, please contact your
local Ericsson Power Modules representative.
Current Limit Protection
The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters include current
limiting circuitry that allows them to withstand continuous
overloads or short circuit conditions on the output. The out-
put voltage will decrease towards zero for output currents in
excess of max output current (Iomax).
The converter will resume normal operation after removal
of the overload. The load distribution system should be
designed to carry the maximum output short circuit current
specifi ed.
Over Voltage Protection (OVP)
The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters include output
overvoltage protection. In the event of an overvoltage condi-
tion due to malfunction in the voltage monitoring circuits, the
converter's PWM will automatically dictate minimum duty-
cycle thus reducing the output voltage to a minimum.
28 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Thermal Consideration
General
The PKM 4000C series DC/DC converters are designed
to operate in a variety of thermal environments, however
suffi cient cooling should be provided to help ensure reliable
operation. Heat is removed by conduction, convection and
radiation to the surrounding environment. Increased airfl ow
enhances the heat transfer via convection. The available
load current vs. ambient air temperature and airfl ow at
Vin =53 V for each model is according to the information
given under the output section. The test is done in a
wind tunnel with a cross section of 305 x 305 mm, the
DC/DC converter vertically mounted on a 16 layer Pcb
with a size of 254 x 254 mm, each layer with 35 µm (1
oz) copper. Proper cooling can be verifi ed by measuring
the temperature of selected devices. Peak temperature
can occur at positions P1 - P4. The temperature at these
positions should not exceed the recommended max values.
Note that the recommended max value is the absolute
maximum rating (non destruction) and that the electrical
output data is guaranteed up to TPcb +90 °C.
Calculation of ambient temperature
By using the thermal resistance the maximum allowed
ambient temperature can be calculated.
1. The powerloss is calculated by using the formula
((1/η) - 1) × output power = power losses.
η = effi ciency of converter. E.g 90% = 0.90
2. Find the value of the thermal resistance for each product in
the diagram by using the airfl ow speed at the output section
of the converter. Take the thermal resistance x powerloss to
get the temperature increase.
3. Max allowed calculated ambient temperature is: Max
T
Pcb of DC/DC converter – temperature increase.
B. 18.3 W × 4.2 °C/W = 77 °C
C. 110 °C - 77 °C = max ambient temperature is 33 °C
The real temperature will be dependent on several factors,
like Pcb size and type, direction of airfl ow, air turbulence etc.
It is recommended to verify the temperature by testing.
A. (( ) - 1) × 165 W = 18.3 W
1
0.9
E.g PKM 4110C PINB at 1m/s:
Position Device TCRecommended
max value
P1 Pcb 110 °C
P2 Transistor Tsurface 120 °C
P3 Transistor Tsurface 120 °C
P4 Transformer Tsurface 130 °C
"JSGMPX 1
1
1
1
Input side
Output side
29 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Reliability
Quality Statement
The PKM 4000C series DC/DC converters are designed
and manufactured in an industrial environment where
quality systems and methods like ISO 9000, 6σ (sigma),
and SPC are intensively in use to boost the continuous
improvements strategy. Infant mortality or early failures
in the products are screened out and they are subjected
to an ATE-based fi nal test. Conservative design rules,
design reviews and product qualifi cations, plus the high
competence of an engaged work force, contribute to the
high quality of our products.
Limitation of Liability
Ericsson Power Modules does not make any other
warranties, expressed or implied including any warranty of
merchantability or fi tness for a particular purpose (including,
but not limited to, use in life support applications, where
malfunctions of product can cause injury to a person's
health or life).
Soldering Information
The Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) of the PKM 4000C
series DC/DC converter is calculated at full output power
and an operating ambient temperature (TA) of +40°C.
Different methods could be used to calculate the predicted
MTBF and failure rate which may give different results.
Ericsson Power Modules currently uses two different
methods, Ericsson failure rate data system DependTool and
Telcordia SR332.
Predicted MTBF for the PKM 4000C series products is:
2.7 million hours according to DependTool.
1.4 million hours according to Telcordia SR332, issue 1,
Black box techique.
The Ericsson failure rate data system is based on field
tracking data. The data corresponds to actual failure
rates of components used in Information Technology
and Telecom (IT&T) equipment in temperature controlled
environments
(TA = -5...+65°C). Telcordia SR332 is a commonly used
standard method intended for reliability calculations in IT&T
equipment. The parts count procedure used in this method
was originally modeled on the methods from MIL-HDBK-
217F, Reliability Predictions of Electronic Equipment. It
assumes that no reliability data is available on the actual
units and devices for which the predictions are to be
made, i.e. all predictions are based on generic reliability
parameters.
Delivery Package Information
PKM 4000C series standard delivery package is a 20 pcs box.
(one box contains 1 full tray and 1 hold down tray)
Clamshell Specifi cation
Material: Polystyrene (PS)
Max surface resistance: 10 MOhm/sq
Color: black
Capacity: 20 pcs/tray
Loaded tray stack pitch: 38 mm (1.50 In)
Weight: 138 g (typ)
Design for Environment (DfE)
The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters are designed to
fulfi l the wanted functionality with minimum environmental
impact. The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters are
RoHS compliant, meaning that the content of hazardous
substances are below the following levels:
Lead (Pb): 1000 ppm by weight
Mercury (Hg): 1000 ppm by weight
Cadmium (Cd): 100 ppm by weight
Hexa Valent Chromium (Cr6+): 1000 ppm by weight
PBB & PBDE: 1000 ppm by weight
The low weight high effi ciency converters are shipped in a
recyclable package.
The PKM 4000C Series DC/DC converters are intended
for through hole mounting on a PCB. When wave soldering
is used max temperature on the pins is specifi ed to
260°C for 10 seconds. Maximum preheat rate of 4°C/s
and temperature of max 130°C is suggested. When hand
soldering, care should be taken to avoid direct contact
between the hot soldering iron tip and the pins for more
than a few seconds in order to prevent overheating.
No-clean fl ux is recommended to avoid entrapment of
cleaning fl uids in cavities inside of the DC/DC power
module. The residues may affect long time reliability and
isolation voltage.
30 EN/LZT 146 035 R3D ©Ericsson Power Modules, June 2005
PKM 4000C Datasheet
Sales Offi ces and Contact Information
Company Headquarters
Ericsson Power Modules AB
LM Ericssons väg 30
SE-126 25 Stockholm
Sweden
Phone: +46-8-568-69620
Fax: +46-8-568-69599
China
Ericsson Simtek Electronics Co.
33 Fuhua Road
Jiading District
Shanghai 201 818
China
Phone: +86-21-5990-3258
Fax: +86-21-5990-0188
France, Switzerland, Benelux
Ericsson Power Modules AB
Bat Sologne
17 Rue des 4 vents
92380 Garches
France
Phone: +33-1-4741-5244
Fax: +33-1-4741-5244
North and South America
Ericsson Inc. Power Modules
6300 Legacy Dr.
Plano, TX 75024
USA
Phone: +1-972-583-5254
+1-972-583-6910
Fax: +1-972-583-7839
Hong Kong (Asia Pacifi c)
Ericsson Ltd.
12/F. Devon House
979 King’s Road
Quarry Bay
Hong Kong
Phone: +852-2590-2453
Fax: +852-2590-7152
Italy, Spain (Mediterranean)
Ericsson Power Modules AB
Via Cadorna 71
20090 Vimodrone (MI)
Italy
Phone: +39-02-265-946-07
Fax: +39-02-265-946-69
UK, Eire
Ericsson Power Modules AB
United Kingdom
Phone: +44-1869-233-992
Fax: +44-1869-232-307
All other countries
Contact Company Headquarters
or visit our website:
www.ericsson.com/powermodules
Information given in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable.
No re spon si bil i ty is assumed for the con se quenc es of its use nor for any infringement
of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use.
No license is grant ed by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of
Ericsson Power Modules. These products are sold only ac cord ing to
Ericsson Power Modules’ general conditions of sale, unless oth er wise con fi rmed in
writing. Specifi cations subject to change without notice.
Germany, Austria
Ericsson Power Modules AB
Mühlhauser Weg 18
85737 Ismaning
Germany
Phone: +49-89-9500-6905
Fax: +49-89-9500-6911
Japan
Ericsson Power Modules AB
Kimura Daini Building, 3 FL.
3-29-7 Minami-Oomachi, Shinagawa-ka
Tokyo 140-0013
Japan
Phone: +81-3-5733-5107
Fax: +81-3-5753-5162
