LP3947ISDX-51 - National Semiconductor

LP3947

LP3947 USB/AC Adaptor, Single Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger IC

Literature Number: SNVS298A

LP3947

USB/AC Adaptor, Single Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger IC

General Description

The LP3947 is a complete charge management system that

safely charges and maintains a Li-Ion battery from either

USB power source or AC adaptor. In USB mode, the LP3947

supports charging in low power or high power mode. Alter-

natively, the LP3947 can take charge from AC adaptor. In

both USB and AC adaptor modes, charge current, battery

regulation voltage, and End of Charge (EOC) point can be

selected via I

C interface. The LP3947 can also operate on

default values that are pre-programmed in the factory. The

battery temperature is monitored continuously at the Ts pin

to safeguard against hazardous charging conditions. The

charger also has under-voltage and over-voltage protection

as well as an internal 5.6 hr timer to protect the battery. The

pass transistor and charge current sensing resistor are all

integrated inside the LP3947.

The LP3947 operates in four modes: pre-qualification, con-

stant current, constant voltage and maintenance modes.

There are two open drain outputs for status indication. An

internal amplifier readily converts the charge current into a

voltage. Also, the charger can operate in an LDO mode

providing a maximum of 1.2 Amp to the load.

Features

nSupports USB Charging Scheme

nIntegrated Pass Transistor

nNear-Depleted Battery Preconditioning

nMonitors Battery Temperature

nBuilt-In 5.6 hour timer

nUnder Voltage and Over Voltage Lockout

nCharge Status Indicators

nCharge Current Monitor Analog Output

nLDO Mode Operation can source 1 Amp

nContinuous Over Current/Temperature Protection

Key Specifications

n1% Charger Voltage Accuracy Over 0˚C ≤T

≤85˚C

n4.3V to 6.0V Input Voltage Range

n100 mA to 750 mA charge current range, in charger

mode

n100mA to 500mA charge current range, in USB mode

nLLP Package Power Dissipation: 2.7W at T

= 25˚C

Applications

nCellular Phones

nPDAs

nDigital Cameras

nUSB Powered Devices

nProgrammable Current Sources

Typical Application Circuit

20111001

More Application Circuit can be found in the Application Note section.

July 2006

LP3947 USB/AC Adaptor, Single Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger IC

Connection Diagrams and Package Mark Information

20111002

(Top View)

See NS Package Number SDA14B

Pin Descriptions

Pin # Name Description

1 EN Charger Enable Input. Internally pulled high to CHG-IN pin. A HIGH enables the charger and a

LOW disables the charger.

2 SCL I

C serial Interface Clock input.

3 SDA I

C serial Interface Data input/out.

4 BATT Battery supply input terminal. Must have 10 µF ceramic capacitor to GND

Regulated 2.78V output used for biasing the battery temperature monitoring thermistor.

6VB

SENSE

Battery Voltage Sense connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

7 MODE Select pin between AC adaptor and USB port. A LOW sets the LP3947 in USB port and a HIGH

sets it in the AC adaptor.

8 Diff-Amp Charge current monitoring differential amplifier output. Voltage output representation of the charge

current.

9 Ts Multi function pin. Battery temperature monitoring input and LDO/Charger mode.

Pulling this pin to V

, or removing the thermistor by physically disconnecting the battery, sets the

device in LDO mode.

10 EOC Active Low Open Drain Output. Active when USB port or AC adaptor is connected and battery is

fully charged. For more information, refer to “LED Charge Status Indicators” section.

11 GND Ground

12 CHG Active Low Open Drain Output. Active when USB port or AC adaptor is connected and battery is

being charged. For more information, refer to “LED Charge Status Indicators” section.

13 ISEL Control pin to switch between low power (100 mA) mode and high power (500 mA) mode in USB

mode. This pin is pulled high internally as default to set the USB in 100 mA mode. This pin has to

be externally pulled low to go into 500 mA mode.

14 CHG-IN Charger input from a regulated, current limited power source. Must havea1µFceramic capacitor

to GND

Ordering Information

LP3947

Supplied as 1000 Units,

Tape and Reel

LP3947

Supplied as 4500 Units

Tape and Reel

Default

Options*

Package

Marking

LP3947ISD-09 LP3947ISDX-09 I

CHG

= 500 mA

BATT

= 4.1V

EOC = 0.1C

L00061B

LP3947ISD-51 LP3947ISDX-51 I

CHG

= 500 mA

BATT

= 4.2V

EOC = 0.1C

L00062B

*Other default options are available. Please contact National Semiconductor sales office/distributors for availability and specifications.

LP3947

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LP3947 Functional Block Diagram

20111003

LP3947

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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Notes 1,

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

CHG-IN −0.3V to +6.5V

All pins except GND and CHG-IN

(Note 3) −0.3V to +6V

Junction Temperature 150˚C

Storage Temperature −40˚C to +150˚C

Power Dissipation (Note 4) 1.89W

ESD (Note 5)

Human Body Model

Machine Model

2kV

200V

Operating Ratings (Notes 1, 2)

CHG-IN 0.3V to 6.5V

EN, ISEL, MODE, SCL, SDA,

(Note 3) 0V to 6V

Junction Temperature −40˚C to +125˚C

Operating Temperature −40˚C to +85˚C

Thermal Resistance θ

37˚C/W

Maximum Power Dissipation

(Note 6)

1.21W

Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise noted, V

CHG-IN

= 5V, V

BATT

= 4V, C

CHG-IN

= 1 µF, C

BATT

= 10 µF. Typical values and limits appearing in nor-

mal type apply for T

= 25˚C. Limits appearing in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation,

= −40˚C to +85˚C. (Notes 7, 8, 9)

Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Limit Units

Min Max

SUPPLY

CHG-IN

Input Voltage Range 4.5 6 V

USB

4.3 6

Quiescent Current V

CHG-IN

≤4V 2 20

µA

EOC = Low, adaptor connected,

BATT

= 4.1V 50 150

OK-TSHD

Adaptor OK Trip Point (CHG-IN) V

CHG-IN

–V

BATT

(Rising) 60 mV

CHG-IN

–V

BATT

(Falling) 50 mV

UVLO-TSHD

Under Voltage Lock-Out Trip Point V

CHG-IN

(Rising) 3.95 3.6 4.3 V

CHG-IN

(Falling) 3.75 3.4 4.1 V

OVLO-TSHD

Over Voltage Lock-Out Trip Point V

CHG-IN

(Rising) 5.9 V

CHG-IN

(Falling) 5.7

Thermal Shutdown Temperature (Note 8) 160 ˚C

Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 20

BATTERY CHARGER

CHG

Fast Charge Current Range ISEL = High, In USB Mode 100

mAISEL = Low, In USB Mode 500

In AC Adaptor Mode 100 750

Fast Charge Current Accuracy I

CHARGE

= 100 mA or 150 mA −20 +20 mA

CHARGE

≥200 mA −10 +10 %

PRE-CHG

Pre-Charge Current V

BATT

=2V 45 70 mA

EOC

End of Charge Current Accuracy 100 mA to 450 mA, 0.1C EOC Only

(Note 10) −10 +10 mA

500 mA to 750 mA, All EOC Points −20 +20 %

BATT

Battery Regulation Voltage (For 4.1V

Cell)

= 0˚C to +85˚C 4.1 4.059 4.141

= −40˚C to +85˚C 4.1 4.038 4.162

Battery Regulation Voltage (For 4.2V

Cell)

= 0˚C to +85˚C 4.1 4.158 4.242

= −40˚C to +85˚C 4.2 4.137 4.263

CHG-Q

Full Charge Qualification Threshold V

BATT

Rising, Transition from

Pre-Charge to Full Current 3.0 V

LP3947

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Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

Unless otherwise noted, V

CHG-IN

= 5V, V

BATT

= 4V, C

CHG-IN

= 1 µF, C

BATT

= 10 µF. Typical values and limits appearing in nor-

mal type apply for T

= 25˚C. Limits appearing in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation,

= −40˚C to +85˚C. (Notes 7, 8, 9)

Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Limit Units

Min Max

BATTERY CHARGER

BAT-RST

Restart Threshold Voltage

(For 4.1V Cell)

BATT

Falling, Transition from EOC,

to Pre-Qualification State 3.9 3.77 4.02

Restart Threshold Voltage

(For 4.2V Cell)

BATT

Falling, Transition from EOC,

to Pre-Qualification State 4.00 3.86 4.12

SENSE

Internal Current Sense Resistance (Note 8) 120 mΩ

Internal Current Sense Resistor

Load Current 1.2 A

ICHG

MON

Diff-Amp Output I

CHG

= 50 mA 0.583

CHG

= 100 mA 0.663

CHG

= 750 mA 1.790

OUT

Charger Time Out T

= 0˚C to 85˚C 5.625 4.78 6.42 Hrs

= −40˚C to +85˚C 5.625 4.5 6.75

Low Level Output Voltage EOC, CHG Pins each at 9 mA 100 mV

TEMPERATURE SENSE COMPARATORS

UTLO

Low Voltage Threshold Voltage at Ts Pin, Rising 2.427 V

Voltage at Ts Pin, Falling 2.369

OTLO

High Voltage Threshold Voltage at Ts Pin, Rising 1.470 V

Voltage at Ts Pin, Falling 1.390

LDO

LDO Mode Voltage Threshold Voltage at Ts Pin, % of V

97 %

Voltage Output 2.787 V

LDO MODE (Ts = HIGH)

OUT

Output Voltage Regulation I

LOAD

= 50 mA 4.10 V

LOAD

= 750 mA 4.06

LOGIC LEVELS

Low Level Input Voltage EN, ISEL, MODE 0.4 V

High Level Input Voltage EN, ISEL, MODE 2.0 V

Input Current EN, ISEL = LOW −10 +10 µA

MODE = LOW −5 +5 µA

Input Current EN, ISEL, MODE = HIGH −5 +5 µA

Electrical Characteristics, I

C Interface

Unless otherwise noted, V

CHG-IN

= 5V, V

BATT

= 4V. Typical values and limits appearing in normal type apply for T

25˚C. Limits appearing in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation, T

= −40˚C to +125˚C.

(Notes 7, 8, 9)

Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Limit Units

Min Max

Low Level Input Voltage SDA & SCL (Note 8) 0.4 0.3 V

High Level Input Voltage SDA & SCL (Note 8) 0.7 V

+0.5 V

Low Level Output Voltage SDA & SCL (Note 8) 0 0.2 V

HYS

Schmitt Trigger Input Hysteresis SDA & SCL (Note 8) 0.1 V

CLK

Clock Frequency (Note 8) 400 kHz

HOLD

Hold Time Repeated START

Condition

(Note 8) 0.6 µs

CLK-LP

CLK Low Period (Note 8) 1.3 µs

CLK-HP

CLK High Period (Note 8) 0.6 µs

LP3947

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Electrical Characteristics, I

C Interface (Continued)

Unless otherwise noted, V

CHG-IN

= 5V, V

BATT

= 4V. Typical values and limits appearing in normal type apply for T

25˚C. Limits appearing in boldface type apply over the entire junction temperature range for operation, T

= −40˚C to +125˚C.

(Notes 7, 8, 9)

Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ Limit Units

Min Max

Set-Up Time Repeated START

Condition

(Note 8) 0.6 µs

DATA-HOLD

Data Hold Time (Note 8) 300 ns

DATA-SU

Data Set-Up Time (Note 8) 100 ns

Set-Up Time for STOP Condition (Note 8) 0.6 µs

TRANS

Maximum Pulse Width of Spikes that

must be Suppressed by the Input

Filter of both DATA & CLK Signals.

(Note 8)

50 ns

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under which operation of the device

is guaranteed. Operating Ratings do not imply guaranteed performance limits. For guaranteed performance limits and associated test conditions, see the Electrical

Characteristics tables.

Note 2: All voltages are with respect to the potential at the GND pin.

Note 3: Caution must be taken to avoid raising pins EN and VT0.3V higher than VCHG-IN and raising pins ISEL, MODE, SCL and SDA 0.3V higher than VBATT.

Note 4: The Absolute Maximum power dissipation depends on the ambient temperature and can be calculated using the formula

P=(T

–T

)θ

, (1)

where TJis the junction temperature, TAis the ambient temperature, and θJA is the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance. The 1.89W rating appearing under

Absolute Maximum Ratings results from substituting the Absolute Maximum junction temperature, 150˚C, for TJ, 80˚C for TA, and 37˚C/W for θJA. More power can

be dissipated safely at ambient temperatures below 80˚C. Less power can be dissipated safely at ambient temperatures above 80˚C. The Absolute Maximum power

dissipation can be increased by 27 mW for each degree below 80˚C, and it must be de-rated by 27 mW for each degree above 80˚C.

Note 5: The human-body model is used. The human-body model is 100 pF discharged through 1.5 kΩ.

Note 6: Like the Absolute Maximum power dissipation, the maximum power dissipation for operation depends on the ambient temperature. The 1.21W rating

appearing under Operating Ratings results from substituting the maximum junction temperature for operation, 125˚C, for TJ, 80˚C for TA, and 37˚C/W for θJA into

(1) above. More power can be dissipated at ambient temperatures below 80˚C. Less power can be dissipated at ambient temperatures above 80˚C. The maximum

power dissipation for operation can be increased by 27 mW for each degree below 80˚C, and it must be de-rated by 27 mW for each degree above 80˚C.

Note 7: All limits are guaranteed. All electrical characteristics having room-temperature limits are tested during production with TJ= 25˚C. All hot and cold limits are

guaranteed by correlating the electrical characteristics to process and temperature variations and applying statistical process control.

Note 8: Guaranteed by design.

Note 9: LP3947 is not intended as a Li-Ion battery protection device, any battery used in this application should have an adequate internal protection.

Note 10: The ±10 mA limits apply to all charge currents from 100 mA to 450 mA, to 0.1C End Of Charge (EOC). The limits increase proportionally with higher EOC

points. For example, at 0.2C, the End Of Charge current accuracy becomes ±20 mA.

20111004

FIGURE 1. Li-Ion Charging Profile

LP3947

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Application Notes

LP3947 CHARGER OPERATION

The LP3947 charge cycle is initiated with AC adaptor or USB

power source insertion. If the voltage on the CHG-IN pin

meets under-voltage (V

UVLO-TSHD

), over-voltage (V

OVLO-

TSHD

) requirements, and the Adaptor OK signal is detected,

then pre-qualification cycle begins (see Figure 1). In this

cycle, a safe current level, less than 70mA, is pumped into

the battery while the voltage across the battery terminals is

measured. Once this voltage exceeds 3.0V, the controller

will initiate constant current fast charge cycle. If the CHG-IN

pin is connected to an AC adaptor, the default charge current

is 500 mA and I

C interface can be used to program this

parameter. If the CHG-IN pin is connected to the USB port,

constant current cycle will start with a default of 100 mA.

During this cycle, the 5.6 hr safety timer starts counting.

If the 5.6 hr safety timers times out during constant current

cycle, charging is terminated. As the battery is charged

during constant current mode, the voltage across pack ter-

minal increases until it reaches 4.2V (or 4.1V). As soon as

pack terminal reaches 4.2V (or 4.1V), the controller starts

operating in constant voltage mode by applying regulated

BATT

voltage across the battery terminals. During this cycle,

the charge current, I

CHG

, continues to decrease with time

and when it drops below 0.1C (default value), the EOC

signal is activated indicating successful completion of the

charge cycle. The EOC current can be programmed to 0.1C,

0.15C, or 0.2C. The default value is 0.1C. After completing

the full charge cycle, the controller will start the maintenance

cycle where battery pack voltage is monitored continuously.

During the maintenance cycle, if the pack voltage drops 200

mV below the termination voltage, charge cycle will be initi-

ated providing that the wall adaptor is plugged in and is alive.

Charging terminates when the battery temperature is out of

range. For more explanation, please refer to “Ts Pin” section.

The LP3947 with I

C interface allows maximum flexibility in

selecting the charge current, battery regulation voltage and

EOC current. The LP3947 operates in default mode during

power up. See the “I

C Interface” section for more detail.

When charging source comes from the USB port, charging

starts with 100 mA (low power mode, ISEL = high). The USB

controller can set the ISEL pin low to charge the battery at

500 mA. A simple external circuit selects between an AC

adaptor or the USB port. The circuit is designed with priority

given to the AC adaptor.

20111006

FIGURE 2. LP3947 with External Switch

LP3947

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Application Notes (Continued)

20111007

FIGURE 3. LP3947 Charger Flow Chart

LP3947

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Application Notes (Continued)

CHARGE CURRENT SELECTION IN CONSTANT

CURRENT MODE

In the AC adaptor mode, the LP3947 is designed to provide

a charge current ranging from 100 mA to 750 mA, in steps of

50 mA, to support batteries with different capacity ratings.

The default value is 500 mA. No external resistor is required

to set the charge current in the LP3947. In the USB mode,

the LP3947 will initially charge with 100 mA (ISEL = high). By

setting the ISEL pin low, charge current can be programmed

to 500 mA. In addition, with ISEL = low, the charge current

can be programmed to different values via the I

C interface.

TABLE 1. Charge Current Selection in AC Adaptor/USB Mode

MODE Pin ISEL Pin Functions

AC Adaptor Mode HIGH HIGH ISEL polarity is irrelevant. Default 500 mA charge current. Can be

reprogrammed via I

HIGH LOW

USB Mode LOW HIGH 100 mA charge current

LOW LOW Default 500 mA charge current. Can be reprogrammed via I

BATTERY VOLTAGE SELECTION

The battery voltage regulation can be set to 4.1V or 4.2V by

default. Please refer to the Ordering Information table for

more detail.

END OF CHARGE (EOC) CURRENT SELECTION

The EOC thresholds can be programmed to 0.1C, 0.15C or

0.2C in the LP3947. The default value is 0.1C, which pro-

vides the highest energy storage, but at the expense of

longer charging time. On the other hand, 0.2C takes the

least amount of charging time, but yields the least energy

storage.

CHARGE CURRENT SENSE DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER

The charge current is monitored across the internal 120 mΩ

current sense resistor. The differential amplifier provides the

analog representation of the charge current. Charge current

can be calculated using the following equation:

Where voltage at Diff Amp output (V

DIFF

) is in volt, and

charge current (I

CHG

) is in amps.

Monitoring the Diff Amp output during constant voltage cycle

can provide an accurate indication of the battery charge

status and time remaining to EOC. This feature is particularly

useful during constant voltage mode. The current sense

circuit is operational in the LDO mode as well. It can be used

to monitor the system current consumption during testing.

LED CHARGE STATUS INDICATORS

The LP3947 is equipped with two open drain outputs to drive

a green LED and a red LED. These two LEDs work together

in combinations to indicate charge status or fault conditions.

Table 2 shows all the conditions.

20111009

FIGURE 4. Charge Current Monitoring Circuit (Diff-Amp)

LP3947

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Application Notes (Continued)

TABLE 2. LED Indicator Summary

RED LED

(CHG)

GREEN LED

(EOC)

Charger Off OFF OFF

Charging Li Ion Battery* ON OFF

Maintenance Mode OFF ON

Charging Li Ion Battery after Passing Maintenance Mode OFF ON

EN Pin = LOW OFF ON

LDO Mode OFF OFF

5.6 Hr Safety Timer Flag/Battery Temperature Violation ON ON

* Charging Li Ion battery for the first time after VCHG-IN insertion.

Ts PIN

The LP3947 continuously monitors the battery temperature

by measuring the voltage between the Ts pin and ground.

Charging stops if the battery temperature is outside the

permitted temperature range set by the battery’s internal

thermistor R

and the external bias resistor R

. A 1% preci-

sion resistor should be used for R

A curve 2 type thermistor

is recommended for R

. The voltage across R

is propor-

tional to the battery temperature. If the battery temperature is

outside of the range during the charge cycle, the LP3947 will

suspend charging. As an example, for a temperature range

of 0˚C to 50˚C, a 10kΩfor the thermistor and a 4.1kΩfor R

should be used. When battery temperature returns to the

permitted range, charging resumes from the beginning of the

flow chart and the 5.6 hr safety timer is reset. Refer to Figure

3. LP3947 Charger Flow Chart for more information.

In absence of the thermistor, Ts pin will be pulled high to VT

and the LP3947 goes into LDO mode. In this mode, the

internal power FET provides up to 1.2 amp of current at the

BATT pin. The LDO output is set to 4.1V or 4.2V, depending

on the programmed battery regulation voltage. When oper-

ating at higher output currents, care must be taken not to

exceed the package power dissipation rating. See “Thermal

Performance of LLP Package” section for more detail.

Charger Status in Relation to Ts Voltage

Voltage on the Ts Pin Charger Status

Ts ≥2.7V LDO Mode

Voltage on the Ts Pin Charger Status

2.427v ≤Ts <2.7V

0V ≤Ts ≤1.39V

Charger Off

1.39V <Ts <2.427V Charger On

LDO MODE

The charger is in the LDO mode when the Ts pin is left

floating. This mode of operation is used primarily during

system level testing of the handset to eliminate the need for

battery insertion. CAUTION: battery may be damaged if

device is operating in LDO mode with battery connected.

The internal power FET provides up to 1.2 amp of current at

BATT pin in this mode. The LDO output is set to 4.1V. When

operating at higher output currents, care must be taken not

to exceed the package power dissipation rating. See “Ther-

mal Performance of LLP Package” section for more detail.

EN PIN

The Enable pin is used to enable/disable the charger, in both

the charger mode and the LDO mode, see Figures 5, 6. The

enable pin is internally pulled HIGH to the CHG-IN pin. When

the charger is disabled, it draws less than 4 µA of current.

LP3947

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Application Notes (Continued)

MODE PIN

The mode pin toggles the LP3947 between the AC adaptor

mode and the USB mode. When CHG-IN is connected to a

USB port, this pin must be set low. When CHG-IN is con-

nected to an AC adaptor, this pin must be tied high to either

the BATT pin or to the wall adaptor input. Caution: MODE pin

should never be tied to CHG-IN pin directly, as it will turn on

an internal diode.

5.6 HR SAFETY TIMER IN CHARGER MODE

The LP3947 has a built-in 5.6 hr back up safety timer to

prevent over-charging a Li Ion battery. The 5.6 hr timer starts

counting when the charger enters the constant current

mode. It will turn the charger off when the 5.6 hr timer is up

while the charger is still in constant current mode. In this

case, both LEDs will turn on, indicating a fault condition.

When the battery temperature is outside the specified tem-

perature range, the 5.6 hr safety timer will reset upon recov-

ery of the battery temperature.

C INTERFACE

C interface is used in the LP3947 to program various

parameters as shown in Table 3. The LP3947 operates on

default settings following power up. Once programmed, the

LP3947 retains the register data as long as the battery

voltage is above 2.85V.

20111010

FIGURE 5. Power Up Timing Diagram in Charger Mode (1.39V <Ts <2.427V)

20111011

FIGURE 6. Power Up Timing Diagram in LDO Mode (Ts ≥2.7V)

LP3947

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Application Notes (Continued)

TABLE 3. LP3947 Serial Port Communication address code 7h’47

LP3947 Control and Data Codes

Addrs Register 7 6 5 4 3210

8'h00 Charger

Batt Voltage

(0) = 4.1V

1 = 4.2V

AC Adaptor

Charge

Current

Code 3

(1)

AC Adaptor

Charge

Current

Code 2

(0)

AC Adaptor

Charge

Current

Code 1

(0)

AC Adaptor

Charge

Current

Code 0

(0)

8'h01 Charger

EOC

(Green LED)

R/O

Charging

(Red LED)

R/O

EOC

SEL-1

(0)

EOC

SEL-0

(1)

8'h02 Charger

USB

Charge

Current

Code 3

(1)

USB

Charge

Current

Code 2

(0)

USB

Charge

Current

Code 1

(0)

USB

Charge

Current

Code 0

(0)

Numbers in parentheses indicate default setting. “0” bit is set to low state, and “1” bit is set to high state. R/O –Read Only, All other bits are Read and Write.

TABLE 4. Charger Current and EOC Current Programming Code

Data Code Charger Current

Selection Code I

SET

(mA)

End of Charge Current

Selection Code

4h'00 100

4h'01 150 0.1C

4h'02 200 0.15C

4h'03 250 0.2C

4h'04 300

4h'05 350

4h'06 400

4h'07 450

4h'08 500

4h'09 550

4h'0A 600

4h'0B 650

4h'0C 700

4h'0D 750

20111012

w = write (sda = “0”)

r = read (sda = “1”)

ack = acknowledge (sda pulled low by either master or slave)

Nack = No Acknowledge

rs = repeated start

FIGURE 7. LP3947 (Slave) Register Write

LP3947

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Application Notes (Continued)

THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF LLP PACKAGE

The LP3947 is a monolithic device with an integrated pass

transistor. To enhance the power dissipation performance,

the Leadless Lead frame Package, or LLP, is used. The LLP

package is designed for improved thermal performance be-

cause of the exposed die attach pad at the bottom center of

the package. It brings advantage to thermal performance by

creating a very direct path for thermal dissipation. Compared

to the traditional leaded packages where the die attach pad

is embedded inside the mold compound, the LLP reduces a

layer of thermal path.

The thermal advantage of the LLP package is fully realized

only when the exposed die attach pad is soldered down to a

thermal land on the PCB board and thermal vias are planted

underneath the thermal land. Based on a LLP thermal mea-

surement, junction to ambient thermal resistance (θ

) can

be improved by as much as two times if a LLP is soldered on

the board with thermal land and thermal vias than if not.

An example of how to calculate for LLP thermal performance

is shown below:

By substituting 37˚C/W for θ

, 125˚C for T

and 70˚C for T

the maximum power dissipation allowed from the chip is

1.48W. If V

CHG-IN

is at 5.0V and a 3.0V battery is being

charged, then 740 mA of I

CHG

can safely charge the battery.

More power can be dissipated at ambient temperatures

below 70˚C. Less power can be dissipated at ambient tem-

peratures above 70˚C. The maximum power dissipation for

operation can be increased by 27 mW for each degree below

70˚C, and it must be de-rated by 27 mW for each degree

above 70˚C.

LAYOUT CONSIDERATION

The LP3947 has an exposed die attach pad located at the

bottom center of the LLP package. It is imperative to create

a thermal land on the PCB board when designing a PCB

layout for the LLP package. The thermal land helps to con-

duct heat away from the die, and the land should be the

same dimension as the exposed pad on the bottom of the

LLP (1:1 ratio). In addition, thermal vias should be added

inside the thermal land to conduct more heat away from the

surface of the PCB to the ground plane. Typical pitch and

outer diameter for these thermal vias are 1.27 mm and 0.33

mm respectively. Typical copper via barrel plating is 1oz

although thicker copper may be used to improve thermal

performance. The LP3947 bottom pad is connected to

ground. Therefore, the thermal land and vias on the PCB

board need to be connected to ground.

For more information on board layout techniques, refer to

Application Note 1187 “Leadless Leadframe Package

(LLP).” The application note also discusses package han-

dling, solder stencil, and assembly.

20111013

w = write (sda = “0”)

r = read (sda = “1”)

ack = acknowledge (sda pulled low by either master or slave)

Nack = No Acknowledge

rs = repeated start

FIGURE 8. LP3947 (Slave) Register Read

LP3947

www.national.com13

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

NS Package Number SDA14B

National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves

the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.

For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com.

LIFE SUPPORT POLICY

NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS

WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR

CORPORATION. As used herein:

1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems

which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or

(b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when

properly used in accordance with instructions for use

provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result

in a significant injury to the user.

2. A critical component is any component of a life support

device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably

expected to cause the failure of the life support device or

system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.

BANNED SUBSTANCE COMPLIANCE

National Semiconductor follows the provisions of the Product Stewardship Guide for Customers (CSP-9-111C2) and Banned Substances

and Materials of Interest Specification (CSP-9-111S2) for regulatory environmental compliance. Details may be found at:

www.national.com/quality/green.

Lead free products are RoHS compliant.

National Semiconductor

Americas Customer

Support Center

Email: new.feedback@nsc.com

Tel: 1-800-272-9959

National Semiconductor

Europe Customer Support Center

Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86

Email: europe.support@nsc.com

Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208

English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171

Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790

National Semiconductor

Asia Pacific Customer

Support Center

Email: ap.support@nsc.com

National Semiconductor

Japan Customer Support Center

Fax: 81-3-5639-7507

Email: jpn.feedback@nsc.com

Tel: 81-3-5639-7560

www.national.com

LP3947 USB/AC Adaptor, Single Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger IC

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