SY89610L 77.75MHz to 694MHz Jitter Attenuator and Low Phase Noise Frequency Synthesizer General Description The SY89610L is a 3.3V, fully differential jitter attenuator and frequency synthesizer that accepts a noise clock between 19.44MHz and 694MHz, depending on I/O frequency selection. The output provides an ultra-low jitter clock frequency between 77.75MHz and 694MHz covering SONET/SDH, Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel, SAS, SATA, and many other communication standards. The output jitter of the SY89610L is typically 1psRMS. It has a 1kHz to 10kHz programmable loop bandwidth to accommodate different jitter attenuation applications and PLL requirements. The auto-tune circuit enables precision frequency calibration. The differential input includes Micrel's unique, 3-pin input termination architecture that interfaces to LVPECL, LVDS or CML differential signals, (AC- or DC-coupled) as small as 100mV without any level-shifting or termination resistor networks in the signal path. For ACcoupled input interface applications, an on-board output reference voltage (VREF-AC) is provided to bias the VT pin. The outputs are compatible with 400mV typical swing into 50 loads, with rise/fall times guaranteed to be less than 250ps. The SY89610L operates at 3.3V 10% supply and the output can accommodate 1.8V to 3.3V operation with the dedicated output supply. The part is guaranteed to operate over the full industrial temperature range (-40C to +85C). The SY89610L is part of Micrel's Precision Edge(R) product line. Datasheets and support documentation can be found on Micrel's web site at: www.micrel.com. Precision Edge(R) Features Accepts high jitter input clock signal and attenuates it to provide Ultra-Low Jitter and Phase Noise clock signal at the output Output Frequency Range: 77.75MHz - 694MHz Input Frequency Range: 19.44MHz - 694MHz Phase Noise and Jitter performance: - <2psRMS Output Jitter Gen (12kHz-20MHz) - Low Phase Noise: -80dBc/Hz at 1kHz offset CML compatible output signal 3-pin input accepts an AC- or DC-coupled differential input (LVDS, LVPECL, and CML) Unique, Auto-Tune circuitry enables precision frequency calibration Internal source termination to minimize round-trip reflections Programmable Loop Bandwidth: 1kHz-10kHz Output Enable/disable function Only one external component needed for LC VCO (a filter capacitor) Includes Loss of Lock (LOL) output pin Includes Auto-tune Circuit for precision frequency calibration 1.8V 5% to 3.3V 10% output power supply 3.3V 10% power supply operation Industrial temperature range: -40C to +85C Available in 32-pin (5mm x 5mm) QFN package Applications Covers telecom/datacom/storage standards: SONET/SDH GbE and 10GbE LAN PHY (w/FEC) 1/2/4/8G Fibre Channel High-end routers and switches Telecom transmission equipment High speed optical modules Long haul transport Precision Edge is a registered trademark of Micrel, Inc. Micrel Inc. * 2180 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel +1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 * http://www.micrel.com July 2008 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Functional Block Diagram July 2008 2 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Ordering Information(1) Part Number Package Type Operating Range Package Marking Lead Finish SY89610LMG QFN-32 Industrial SY89610L with Pb-Free bar-line indicator NiPdAu Pb-Free SY89610LMGTR(2) QFN-32 Industrial SY89610L with Pb-Free bar-line indicator NiPdAu Pb-Free Notes: 1. Contact factory for die availability. Dice are guaranteed at TA = 25C, DC Electricals only. 2. Tape and Reel. Pin Configuration 32-Pin QFN July 2008 3 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name 2 VT 3 VREF-AC 4, 5 REFIN, /REFIN 15 /EN 8, 9, 18, 23, 24 GND, Exposed Pad 12, 13 CLKOUT, /CLKOUT Pin Function Input Termination Center-Tap: Each side of the differential input pair terminates to VT pin. This pin provides a center-tap to a termination network for maximum interface flexibility. See "Input Interface Applications" subsection. Reference Output Voltage: This output biases to VDD-1.4V. It is used when AC-coupling the inputs (IN, /IN). Connect VREF-AC directly to the VT pin. Bypass with 0.01F low ESR capacitors to VDD. Maximum current source or sink is 0.5mA. See "Input Interface Applications" subsection. Differential Input Pair: This input pair is the differential signal input to the device. Input accepts AC- or DC-coupled differential signals as small as 100mV (200mVPP). Each pin of this pair internally terminates with 50 to the VT pin. See Figure 1a. Single-ended Input: This TTL/CMOS input disables and enables the output. It has an internal pull-down and will default to a logic LOW state if left open. When HIGH, the output is forced into the disable state (Q = LOW and /Q = HIGH). The pull-down current is typically 0.5A. Ground: These are the ground pins for core and input stage. Exposed pad must be connected to a ground plane that is the same potential as the ground pin. CML Differential Output Pair: Differential buffered output copy of the input signal with very low jitter. The output swing is typically 400mV. The output pair is referenced to VDDO. Output pair can be terminated 100 across or 50 to VBIAS. See "CML Output Termination" subsection. 10 GNDO Ground: This is the ground pin for output stage. GNDO and GND must be connected together on the PCB. 11, 14 VDDO CML Output Driver Power Pins: VDDO enables the output stage to operate from a lower supply voltage than the core synthesizer voltage. These outputs can be powered from 1.8V 5% to 3.3V 10% power supply. For applications that only require 3.3V reference output operation, VDDO and VDD pins may be connected to a common power supply. Connect both VDDO pins to same power supply. Bypass with 0.1F//0.01F low ESR capacitors as close to the VDD pins as possible. 20 RESET Single-ended Input: Reset is active on the Low-to-High edge of the input pulse. It has an internal pull-down and will default to a logic LOW state if left open. Resetting the part starts an auto-tune sequence to provide output frequency closest to input frequency. Calibration setting is lost on power down. The pull-down current is typically 0.5A. 19 LOL Single-ended Output: This LVTTL/CMOS output asserts HIGH when the PLL is out of phase lock. LOL is asserted if the PLL frequency deviates more than 1000ppm for more than 5ms. This prevents false triggering. The Loss of Lock pin can be directly connected to /EN. 27, 26 FILTERP, FILTERN Analog Input: These pins provide reference for PLL loop filter. Connect a LOW ESR capacitor across these pins as close to the device as possible, clear from any supply lines or adjacent signal lines. See "External Loop Filter Considerations" for loop filter values. Loop filter capacitor value depends on I/O frequency selection. Loop filter capacitor layout should include a quiet ground plane under the loop filter capacitor and loop filter (FILTP, FILTN) pins. Recommend 1206, X5R, 6.3V ceramic type, 30%. See "PLL Loop Filter Capacitor Table". 31 GNDA Ground: This is an analog ground pin for the PLL. Connect to "quiet" ground. It is internally referenced to the VCO. GNDA and Ground must be shorted on the PCB. 25, 28, 29 VDDA Analog Power: Connect to "quiet" 3.3V 10% power supply. These pins are not internally connected and must be shorted on the PCB. VDDA internally connects to the VCO. Bypass with 0.1F//0.01F low ESR capacitors as close to the pin as possible 21, 22 BW0, BW1 Single-ended Input: These LVTTL/CMOS inputs determine the loop bandwidth of the jitter reducing PLL. BWSEL0 and BWSEL1 will default to a logic HIGH state if left open with a typical pull-up current of 1.3A. See "Loop Bandwidth Table." July 2008 4 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function 7, 30, 32 FRQSEL0 Single-ended Input: These LVTTL/CMOS inputs program internal pre- and post-dividers to determine the I/O synthesis multiplication factor. Each FrqSel has three logic states, HIGH, LOW, and Float. These pins will default to a mid-rail (float) state (VDD/2) if left open. These inputs have a pull-up resistor of 180k-to-VDD and a pull-down resistor of 180k-to-GND. See "I/O Frequency Table" for more details. FRQSEL1 FRQSEL2 16, 17 NC 1, 6 VDDC No Connect. Solder pins to floating pads. Positive Power Supply: VDDC pins are connected to core and input stage that connects to a 3.3V 10% power supply. Bypass with 0.1uF//0.01uF low ESR capacitors as close to the VCC pins as possible. BW1 BW0 Nominal Loop Bandwidth (Hz) 0 0 1k 0 1 2k 1 0 5k 1 1 10k Table 1. Loop Bandwidth Table July 2008 5 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Input Frequency (MHz) Output Frequency (MHz) FRQSEL2 FRQSEL1 FRQSEL0 P N M Input Min. Input Max. Output Min. Output Max. Mult. 78 78 0 0 0 1 16 1 77.75 86.75 77.75 86.75 1 78 155 0 0 Float 1 8 2 77.75 86.75 155.5 173.5 2 78 311 0 0 1 1 4 4 77.75 86.75 311 347 4 78 622 0 Float 0 1 2 8 77.75 86.75 622 694 8 155 155 0 Float 1 2 8 2 155.5 173.5 155.5 173.5 1 155 311 0 1 0 2 4 4 155.5 173.5 311 347 2 155 622 0 1 Float 2 2 8 155.5 173.5 622 694 4 311 311 Float 0 1 4 4 4 311 347 311 347 1 311 622 Float Float 0 4 2 8 311 347 622 694 2 622 622 Float 1 Float 8 2 8 622 694 622 694 1 19 78 1 0 0 1 16 4 19.44 21.69 77.75 86.75 4 19 155 1 0 Float 1 8 8 19.44 21.69 155.5 173.5 8 19 311 1 0 1 1 4 16 19.44 21.69 311 347 16 19 622 1 Float 0 1 2 32 19.44 21.69 622 694 32 Table 2. I/O Frequency Table Input Frequency = 78MHz, 155MHz, 311MHz, 622MHz BW Code 00 01 10 11 BW (kHz) 1 2 5 10 Cext (uF) 4.7 1 0.22 0.15 BW Code 00 01 10 11 BW (kHz) 1 2 5 10 Cext (uF) 1 0.33 0.15 0.033 Input Frequency = 19MHz Table 3. PLL Loop Filter Capacitor Tables Offset/loop BW 1kHz 2kHz 5kHz 10kHz 100Hz offset -50 -55 -70 -75 dBc/Hz 1kHz offset -65 -65 -75 -80 dBc/Hz 10kHz offset -90 -90 -90 -90 dBc/Hz 100kHz offset -115 -110 -110 -115 dBc/Hz Table 4. Typical Phase Noise Performance (622MHz Input, 622MHz Output) July 2008 6 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(3) Supply Voltage (VDDA,, VDD, VDDO)............. -0.5V to +4.0V Input Voltage (VIN) ..........................-0.5V to VDDC + 0.4V CML Output Voltage (VOUT) .............-0.5V to VDDO + 0.4V CML Output Current (IOUT) Continuous.......................................................50mA Surge .............................................................100mA Current (VT) Source or sink on VT pin .............................100mA Input Current Source or sink Current on (Ref-IN, /Ref-IN) ..50mA Current (VREF) Source or sink current on VREF-AC(2) ..............1.5mA Maximum Junction Temperature........................... 125C Lead Temperature (soldering, 20sec.) .................. 260C Storage Temperature (Ts) ....................-65C to +150C ESD (Human Body Model)....................................2000V Supply Voltage (VDDA, VDD) .................+3.0V to +3.60V Output Supply Voltage (VDDO) ..........+1.71V to +3.60V Ambient Temperature (TA) ..................-40C to +85C Package Thermal Resistance(4) QFN Still-air (JA) ...........................................35C/W Junction-to-board (JB)...........................20C/W DC Electrical Characteristics(5) VDD = 3.3V + 10%, GND = 0V; TA = -40C to +85C, RL is 100 across the output pair, unless otherwise stated. Symbol Parameter VDD Power Supply Voltage Range Condition Min Typ Max Units 3.0 3.3 3.6 V 3.6 V 85 120 mA 100 115 VDDO Output Voltage Range IDDT Total Supply Current 1.71 RDIFF_IN Differential Input Resistance (Ref-IN-to-/Ref-IN) VIH Input HIGH Voltage (Ref-IN-to-/Ref-IN) Ref-IN, /Ref-IN 1.2 VCC V VIL Input LOW Voltage (Ref-IN, /Ref-IN) Ref-IN, /Ref-IN 0 VIH-0.1 V VIN Input Voltage Swing (Ref-IN, /Ref-IN) 0.1 1.7 V VDIFF_IN Differential Input Voltage Swing (|Ref-IN - /Ref-IN|) VREF-AC Output Reference Voltage VT_IN Voltage from Input to VT No load Max. VDD, VDDO, VDDA Max. Frequency 85 Note 6 0.2 V VDD-1.5 VDD-1.4 VDD-1.3 V 1.28 V Notes: 1. Permanent device damage may occur if absolute maximum ratings are exceeded. This is a stress rating only and functional operation is not implied at conditions other than those detailed in the operational sections of this data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2. Due to the limited drive capability, use for input of the same package only. 3. The data sheet limits are not guaranteed if the device is operated beyond the operating ratings. 4. Package thermal resistance assumes exposed pad is soldered (or equivalent) to the device's most negative potential on the PCB. JB and JA values are determined for a 4-layer board in still-air number, unless otherwise stated. 5. The circuit is designed to meet the DC specifications shown in the above table after thermal equilibrium has been established. 6. VIN (max) is specified when VT is floating. July 2008 7 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L CML Output DC Electrical Characteristics(7) VDDA, VDD =+3.3V 10%, VDDO = +1.71V to 3.6V, GND and GNDO = 0V, RL = 100 across the outputs; TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise stated. Symbol Parameter VOH Output HIGH Voltage VOL Output LOW Voltage VOUT Output Voltage Swing VDIFF_OUT Differential Output Voltage Swing ROUT Output Source Impedance Condition Min Typ Max Units RL = 50 to VDDO VDDO-0.13 VDDO-0.085 VDDO-0.04 V RL = 50 to VDDO VDDO-0.63 VDDO-0.485 VDDO-0.34 V See Figure 3a 300 400 500 mV See Figure 3b 600 800 1000 mV 40 50 60 Typ Max Units LVTTL/CMOS DC Electrical Characteristics(7) VDDC = 3.3V 10%, GND = 0V, TA = -40C to + 85C, unless otherwise stated. Symbol Parameter Condition Min VIH Input HIGH Voltage VIL Input LOW Voltage VOH Output High Voltage IOH/IOL < 4 mA VOL Output Low Voltage IOH/IOL < 4 mA IIH Input HIGH Current IIL Input LOW Current 2.5 V 0.8 V 2.7 V 0.2 V -1 3 A -5 1 A FREQSEL DC Electrical Characteristics(7) VDDC = 3.3V 10%, GND = 0V, TA = -40C to + 85C, unless otherwise stated. Symbol Parameter Condition Min VIH Input HIGH Voltage VIL Input LOW Voltage VOH Output High Voltage IOH/IOL < 4 mA VOL Output Low Voltage IOH/IOL < 4 mA VIM Input MID Voltage IIH Input HIGH Current IIL Input LOW Current Typ Max 2.5 U nit s V 0.8 2.7 V V 0.2 V Vdd/2 + 0.1 V 5 50 A -50 -5 A Vdd/2 - 0.1 Vdd/2 Notes: 7. The circuit is designed to meet the DC specifications shown in the above table after thermal equilibrium has been established. July 2008 8 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L AC Electrical Characteristics VDDA, VDDC =+3.3V 10%, GND and GNDO = 0V, RL = 100 across the outputs; Input tr/tf < 400ps; TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise stated. Symbol Parameter Condition Max Units fIN Input Frequency Range VIN > 100mV Clock 19.44 694 MHz fOUT Output Frequency Range VOUT > 200mV Clock 77.75 694 MHz fVCO Internal VCO frequency 1244 1388 MHz LOL Maximum I/O frequency PLL out of Lock, ~4ms sustained I/O difference -1000 1000 ppm TLOCK Acquisition Lock Time(8) I/O frequency = 155MHz 450 ms Max VCO frequency 550 ms 400 ps REFIN tr, tf Input Rise/Fall Times 20% to 80% CLKOUT tr, tf Output Rise/Fall Times 20% to 80% Min 110 RefIn CDuty Input Duty Cycle 40 CLKOut CDuty Output Duty Cycle 48 BW Loop Bandwidth, locked BW1 = 0, BW0 = 0 Typ 160 250 ps 60 % 50 52 % 750 1000 1250 Hz BW1 = 0, BW0 = 1 1500 2000 2500 Hz BW1 = 1, BW0 = 0 3750 5000 6250 Hz BW1 = 1, BW0 = 1 7500 10000 12500 Hz Notes: 8. Reset Low-to-High to LOL High-to-Low. July 2008 9 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Jitter Characteristics(9) VDDA, VDD =+3.3V 10%, GND= 0V, RL = 100 across the outputs; Input tr/tf < 400ps; TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise stated. Contact factory for 1kHz and 2kHz Loop Bandwidth Transfer Characteristics. BW Setting: 1kHz, BW1:0 = 00 Symbol JGen Parameter Condition CLKOUT RMS Jitter Generation Typ Max 12kHz to 20MHz (Ideal ref input and supply) 1 2 50kHz to 80MHz (Ideal ref input and supply) 1 2 JTOL Jitter Tolerance FBW Jitter Transfer Bandwidth LBW = 1kHz JP Jitter Peaking <1kHz Min Units psRMS 10 ns 1000 Hz 0.1 dB Typ Max Units BW Setting: 2kHz, BW1:0 = 01 Symbol Parameter Condition JGen CLKOUT RMS Jitter Generation 12kHz to 20MHz (Ideal ref input and supply) 1 2 50kHz to 80MHz (Ideal ref input and supply) 1 2 JTOL Jitter Tolerance FBW Jitter Transfer Bandwidth LBW = 2kHz JP Jitter Peaking <1kHz Min psRMS 10 ns 2000 Hz 0.1 dB Typ Max Units BW Setting: 5kHz, BW1:0 = 10 Symbol Parameter Condition JGen CLKOUT RMS Jitter Generation 12kHz to 20MHz (Ideal ref input and supply) 1 2 50kHz to 80MHz (Ideal ref input and supply) 1 2 JTOL Jitter Tolerance FBW Jitter Transfer Bandwidth LBW = 5kHz JP Jitter Peaking <1kHz Min psRMS 10 ns 5000 Hz 0.1 dB Typ Max Units BW Setting: 10kHz, BW1:0 = 11 Symbol Parameter Condition JGen CLKOUT RMS Jitter Generation 12kHz to 20MHz (Ideal ref input and supply) 1 2 50kHz to 80MHz (Ideal ref input and supply) 1 2 JTOL Jitter Tolerance FBW Jitter Transfer Bandwidth LBW = 10kHz JP Jitter Peaking <1kHz Min psRMS 10 ns 10,000 Hz 0.1 dB Note: 9. 5k and 10k loop bandwidth settings are recommended due to better jitter performance with jitter bandwidth below 12K Hz. The use of 1k and 2k bandwidth settings may be acceptable in certain applications where jitter bandwidth is limited to above 12K Hz. Please contact the factory for additional information. July 2008 10 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Functional Description Overall Function The SY89610L is designed to accept a high-jitter signal and provide an ultra-low jitter and ultra-low phase noise CML compatible clock signal. Unlike normal buffers, the SY89610L is a jitter attenuator since it does not transfer jitter across from input to output. This makes this product an ideal solution for precision clock applications. Power Supply Filtering Techniques As with any high-speed integrated circuit, power supply filtering is very important. At a minimum, VDDA, VDD, and all VDDO pins should be individually connected using via to the power supply plane, and separate bypass capacitors should be used for each pin. To achieve optimal jitter performance, each power supply pin should use separate instances of the circuit shown in Power Supply Scheme below. LC Voltage Control Oscillator (VCO) The SY89610L uses an extremely low phase noise VCO to prevent jitter at the output. At low frequencies, the PLL produces more phase noise. To offset the noise, the LC VCO provides an extremely low phase noise signal that feeds to the output circuit. Unlike many competitive VCOs, this VCO only requires a single external component, which is a filter capacitor. External Loop Filter Considerations The SY89610L features an external PLL loop filter that allows the user to tailor the PLLs behavior. It is recommended that ceramic capacitors with NOP or X7R dielectric be used because they have very low effective series resistance. All other filter components are onchip. Internally, the filter has a resistor in series with the external capacitor and a much smaller capacitor in parallel with the series combination of the internal resistor and external capacitor. The selectable PLL bandwidths from 1kHz-to-10kHz allows the user to select between different loop filter values. The external capacitor must be placed as close to the device pins as possible. While laying out the board, keep any supply or signal traces lines away from the capacitor. Loop filter capacitor layout should include a quiet ground plane under the loop filter capacitor and loop filter pins. July 2008 11 Power Supply Scheme Jitter Generation Jitter generation is the amount of jitter generated by the part at the output when there is no jitter present at the input clock. While the VCO and PLL are sources of jitter in a synthesizer, the different loop bandwidth options aid in reducing jitter. The SY89610L guarantees less than 2psRMS. See Jitter characteristics subsection. Phase Noise The SY89610L has very low phase noise at 1kHz offset from the center frequency. Phase noise is measured at the output with a jitter-free signal injected at the input. The loop bandwidth settings have a minor impact on the phase noise values. For 10kHz loop bandwidth, we guarantee the phase noise less than -80dBc/Hz. See Phase Noise curve. M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Phase Noise Characteristics July 2008 12 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Single-Ended and Differential Swings Input and Output Stage Figure 2a. Single-Ended Swing Figure 1a. Simplified Differential Input Buffer Figure 2b. Differential Swing Figure 1b. Simplified CML Output Buffer July 2008 13 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Input Interface Applications Figure 3a. CML Interface (DC-Coupled) Figure 3b. CML Interface (AC-Coupled) Figure 3c. LVPECL Interface (DC-Coupled) Option: May connect VT to VCC Figure 3d. LVPECL Interface (AC-Coupled) July 2008 Figure 3e. LVDS Interface 14 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L CML Output Termination Figure 4a. CML DC-Coupled Termination Figure 4b. CML DC-Coupled Termination Figure 4c. CML AC-Coupled Termination July 2008 15 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L Package Information 32-Pin (5mm x 5mm) QFN Packages Notes: 1. Package meets Level 2 Moisture Sensitivity Classification. 2. All parts are dry-packed before shipment. 3. Exposed pad must be soldered to ground for proper thermal management July 2008 16 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690 Micrel, Inc. SY89610L PCB Thermal Consideration for 32-pin QFN Package (Always solder, or equivalent, the exposed pad to the PCB) MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http:/www.micrel.com The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2008 Micrel, Incorporated. July 2008 17 M9999-071008-D hbwhelp@micrel.com or (408) 955-1690