ADC122S706
ADC122S706 Dual 12-Bit, 500 kSPS to 1 MSPS, Simultaneous Sampling A/D
Converter
Literature Number: SNAS408
November 16, 2007
ADC122S706
Dual 12-Bit, 500 kSPS to 1 MSPS, Simultaneous Sampling
A/D Converter
General Description
The ADC122S706 is a dual 12-bit, 500 kSPS to 1 MSPS si-
multaneous sampling Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter. The
analog inputs on both channels are sampled simultaneously
to preserve their relative phase information to each other. The
converter is based on a successive-approximation register
architecture where the differential nature of the analog inputs
is maintained from the internal track-and-hold circuits
throughout the A/D converter to provide excellent common-
mode signal rejection. The ADC122S706 features an external
reference that can be varied from 1.0V to VA.
The ADC122S706 offers dual high-speed serial data outputs
that are binary 2's complement and are compatible with sev-
eral standards, such as SPI™, QSPI™, MICROWIRE™, and
many common DSP serial interfaces. Channel A's conversion
result is outputted on DOUTA while Channel B's conversion re-
sult is outputted on DOUTB. This feature makes the AD-
C122S706 an excellent replacement for systems using two
distinct ADCs in a simultaneous sampling application. The
serial clock (SCLK) and chip select bar (CS) are shared by
both channels. For lower power consumption, a single serial
data output mode is externally selectable.
The ADC122S706 may be operated with independent analog
(VA) and digital (VD) supplies. VA can range from 4.5V to 5.5V
and VD can range from 2.7V to VA. With the ADC122S706
operating with a VA of 5V and a VD of 3V, the power con-
sumption at 1 MSPS is typically 25 mW. Operating in power-
down mode, the power consumption of the ADC122S706
decreases to 3 µW. The differential input, low power con-
sumption, and small size make the ADC122S706 ideal for
direct connection to sensors in motor control applications.
Operation is guaranteed over the industrial temperature
range of −40°C to +105°C and clock rates of 8 MHz to 16 MHz.
The ADC122S706 is available in a 14-lead TSSOP package.
Features
True Simultaneous Sampling Differential Inputs
Guaranteed performance from 500 kSPS to 1 MSPS
External Reference
Wide Input Common-Mode Voltage Range
Single or Dual High-Speed Serial Data Outputs
Operating Temperature Range of −40°C to +105°C
SPI™/QSPI™/MICROWIRE™/DSP compatible Serial
Interface
Key Specifications
Conversion Rate 500 kSPS to 1 MSPS
INL ±1 LSB (max)
DNL ±0.95 LSB (max)
SNR 71 dBc (min)
THD -72 dBc (min)
ENOB 11.25 bits (min)
Power Consumption at 1 MSPS
Converting, VA = 5V, VD = 3V 20 mW (typ)
Converting, VA = 5V, VD = 5V 25 mW (typ)
Power-Down 3 µW (typ)
Applications
Motor Control
Power Meters/Monitors
Multi-Axis Positioning Systems
Instrumentation and Control Systems
Data Acquisition Systems
Medical Instruments
Direct Sensor Interface
Connection Diagram
30017105
TRI-STATE® is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
MICROWIRE™ is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
QSPI™ and SPI™ are trademarks of Motorola, Inc.
© 2007 National Semiconductor Corporation 300171 www.national.com
ADC122S706 Dual 12-Bit, 500 kSPS to 1 MSPS, Simultaneous Sampling A/D Converter
Ordering Information
Order Code Temperature Range Description Top Mark
ADC122S706CIMT −40°C to +105°C 14-Lead TSSOP Package, 1000 Units Tape & Reel 2S706
ADC122S706CIMTX −40°C to +105°C 14-Lead TSSOP Package, 3500 Units Tape & Reel 2S706
ADC122S706EB Evaluation Board
Block Diagram
30017102
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ADC122S706
Pin Descriptions and Equivalent Circuits
Pin No. Symbol Description
1VREF
Voltage Reference Input. A voltage reference between 1V and VA must be applied to this
input. VREF must be decoupled to GND with a minimum ceramic capacitor value of 0.1
µF. A bulk capacitor value of 1.0 µF to 10 µF in parallel with the 0.1 µF is recommended
for enhanced performance.
2 CHA+ Non-Inverting Input for Channel A. CHA+ is the positive analog input for the differential
signal applied to Channel A.
3 CHA− Inverting Input for Channel A. CHA− is the negative analog input for the differential signal
applied to Channel A.
4 GND Ground. GND is the ground reference point for all signals applied to the ADC122S706.
5 CHB− Inverting Input for Channel B. CHB− is the negative analog input for the differential signal
applied to Channel B.
6 CHB+ Non-Inverting Input for Channel B. CHB+ is the positive analog input for the differential
signal applied to Channel B.
7VA
Analog Power Supply input. A voltage source between 4.5V and 5.5V must be applied to
this input. VA must be decoupled to GND with a ceramic capacitor value of 0.1 µF in
parallel with a bulk capacitor value of 1.0 µF to 10 µF.
8 DUAL
Applying a logic high to this pin causes the conversion result of Channel A to be output
on DOUTA and the conversion result of Channel B to be output on DOUTB. Grounding this
pin causes the conversion result of Channel A and B to be output on DOUTA, with the result
of Channel A being output first. DOUTB is in a high impedance state when DUAL is
grounded.
9 GND Ground. GND is the ground reference point for all signals applied to the ADC122S706.
10 VD
Digital Power Supply input. A voltage source between 2.7V and VA must be applied to
this input. VD must be decoupled to GND with a ceramic capacitor value of 0.1 µF in
parallel with a bulk capacitor value of 1.0 µF to 10 µF.
11 DOUTA
Serial Data Output for Channel A. With DUAL at a logic high state, the conversion result
for Channel A is provided on DOUTA. The serial data output word is comprised of 4 null
bits and 12 data bits (MSB first). During a conversion, the data is outputted on the falling
edges of SCLK and is generally valid on the rising edges. With DUAL at a logic low state,
the conversion result of Channel A and B is outputted on DOUTA.
12 DOUTB
Serial Data Output for Channel B. With DUAL at a logic high state, the conversion result
for Channel B is provided on DOUTB. The serial data output word is comprised of 4 null
bits and 12 data bits (MSB first). During a conversion, the data is outputted on the falling
edges of SCLK and is generally valid on the rising edges. With DUAL at a logic low state,
DOUTB is in a high impedance state.
13 SCLK Serial Clock. SCLK is used to control data transfer and serves as the conversion clock.
14 CS Chip Select Bar. CS is active low. The ADC122S706 is in Normal Mode when CS is LOW
and Power-Down Mode when CS is HIGH. A conversion begins on the fall of CS.
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ADC122S706
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Notes 1, 2)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Analog Supply Voltage VA−0.3V to 6.5V
Digital Supply Voltage VD−0.3V to (VA +0.3V)
max 6.5V
Voltage on Any Pin to GND −0.3V to (VA +0.3V)
Input Current at Any Pin (Note 3) ±10 mA
Package Input Current (Note 3) ±50 mA
Power Consumption at TA = 25°C See (Note 4)
ESD Susceptibility (Note 5)
Human Body Model
Machine Model
Charge Device Model
2500V
250V
1000V
Junction Temperature +150°C
Storage Temperature −65°C to +150°C
Operating Ratings (Notes 1, 2)
Operating Temperature Range −40°C TA +105°C
Supply Voltage, VA+4.5V to +5.5V
Supply Voltage, VD+2.7V to VA
Reference Voltage, VREF 1.0V to VA
Input Common-Mode Voltage, VCM See Figure 10 (Sect 2.3)
Digital Input Pins Voltage Range 0 to VD
Clock Frequency 8 MHz to 16 MHz
Differential Analog Input Voltage −VREF to +VREF
Package Thermal Resistance
Package θJA
14-lead TSSOP 121°C / W
Soldering process must comply with National
Semiconductor's Reflow Temperature Profile specifications.
Refer to www.national.com/packaging. (Note 6)
ADC122S706 Converter Electrical Characteristics (Note 8)
The following specifications apply for VA = +4.5V to 5.5V, VD = +2.7V to VA, VREF = 2.5V, fSCLK = 8 to 16 MHz, DUAL = VD, fIN =
100 kHz, CL = 25 pF, unless otherwise noted. Boldface limits apply for TA = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits are at TA = 25°C.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical Limits Units
(Note 7)
STATIC CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS
Resolution with No Missing Codes 12 Bits
INL Integral Non-Linearity ±0.5 ±1 LSB (max)
Integral Non-Linearity Matching 0.02 LSB
DNL Differential Non-Linearity ±0.4 ±0.95 LSB (max)
Differential Non-Linearity Matching 0.02 LSB
OE Offset Error 0.2 ±3 LSB (max)
Offset Error Matching 0.1 LSB
GE
Positive Gain Error −2 ±5 LSB (max)
Positive Gain Error Matching 0.2 LSB
Negative Gain Error 3 ±8 LSB (max)
Negative Gain Error Matching 0.2 LSB
DYNAMIC CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS
SINAD Signal-to-Noise Plus Distortion Ratio fIN = 100 kHz, −0.1 dBFS 72.5 69.5 dBc (min)
SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio fIN = 100 kHz, −0.1 dBFS 73.2 71 dBc (min)
THD Total Harmonic Distortion fIN = 100 kHz, −0.1 dBFS −83 −72 dBc (max)
SFDR Spurious-Free Dynamic Range fIN = 100 kHz, −0.1 dBFS 84 72 dBc (min)
ENOB Effective Number of Bits fIN = 100 kHz, −0.1 dBFS 11.8 11.25 bits (min)
FPBW −3 dB Full Power Bandwidth Output at 70.7%FS with
FS Input
Differential
Input 26 MHz
Single-Ended
Input 22 MHz
ISOL Channel-to-Channel Isolation fIN < 1 MHz −90 dBc
ANALOG INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
VIN Differential Input Range −VREF V (min)
+VREF V (max)
IDCL DC Leakage Current VIN = VREF or VIN = -VREF ±1 µA (max)
CINA Input Capacitance In Track Mode 20 pF
In Hold Mode 3 pF
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ADC122S706
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical Limits Units
(Note 7)
CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio See the Specification Definitions for the
test condition −90 dB
VREF Reference Voltage Range 1.0 V (min)
VAV (max)
DIGITAL INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
VIH Input High Voltage 2.4 V (min)
VIL Input Low Voltage 0.8 V (max)
IIN Input Current (Note 11) VIN = 0V or VA ±1 µA (max)
CIND Input Capacitance 2 4pF (max)
DIGITAL OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
VOH Output High Voltage ISOURCE = 200 µA VD − 0.02 VD − 0.2 V (min)
ISOURCE = 1 mA VD − 0.09 V
VOL Output Low Voltage ISINK = 200 µA 0.01 0.4 V (max)
ISINK = 1 mA 0.08 V
IOZH, IOZL TRI-STATE Leakage Current Force 0V or VA ±1 µA (max)
COUT TRI-STATE Output Capacitance Force 0V or VA24pF (max)
Output Coding Binary 2'S Complement
POWER SUPPLY CHARACTERISTICS
VAAnalog Supply Voltage 4.5 V (min)
5.5 V (max)
VDDigital Supply Voltage 2.7 V (min)
VAV (max)
IVA (Conv)
Analog Supply Current, Continuously
Converting (Dual Data Output Mode)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 1 MSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VA = 5V, DUAL = VD
3.3 4.2 mA (max)
Analog Supply Current, Continuously
Converting (Single Data Output Mode)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 500 kSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VA = 5V, DUAL = 0V 1.8 2.9 mA (max)
IVD (Conv)
Digital Supply Current, Continuously
Converting (Dual Data Output Mode)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 1 MSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VD = 5V, DUAL = 5V 1.7 2.0 mA (max)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 1 MSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VD = 3V, DUAL = 3V 1.0 1.3 mA (max)
Digital Supply Current, Continuously
Converting (Single Data Output Mode)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 500 kSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VD = 5V, DUAL = 0V 0.9 1.2 mA (max)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 500 kSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VD = 3V, DUAL = 0V 0.6 0.7 mA (max)
IVREF
(Conv)
Reference Current, Continuously
Converting (Dual Data Output Mode)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 1 MSPS, VREF =
2.5V, DUAL = VD
90 105 µA (max)
Reference Current, Continuously
Converting (Single Data Output Mode)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 500 kSPS, VREF =
2.5V, DUAL = 0V 45 60 µA (max)
IVA (PD) Analog Supply Current, Power Down
Mode (CS high)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, VA = 5.0V 10 µA
fSCLK = 0, VA = 5.0V (Note 8) 0.5 1µA (max)
IVD (PD) Digital Supply Current, Power Down
Mode (CS high)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, VD = 5.0V 10 µA
fSCLK = 0 (Note 8) 0.1 0.2 µA (max)
IVREF (PD) Reference Current, Power Down Mode
(CS high)
fSCLK = 16 MHz 0.05 µA
fSCLK = 0 (Note 8) 0.05 0.1 µA (max)
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ADC122S706
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical Limits Units
(Note 7)
PWR
(Conv)
Power Consumption, Continuously
Converting (Dual Data Output Mode)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 1 MSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VA = VD = 5V, VREF = 2.5V, DUAL
= VD
25 31.3 mW (max)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 1 MSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VA = 5V, VD = 3V, VREF = 2.5V,
DUAL = VD
20 25.2 mW (max)
Power Consumption, Continuously
Converting (Single Data Output Mode)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 500 kSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VA = VD = 5V, VREF = 2.5V, DUAL
= 0V
13.6 20.6 mW (max)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, fS = 500 kSPS, fIN = 100
kHz, VA = 5V, VD = 3V, VREF = 2.5V,
DUAL = 0V
10.9 16.8 mW (max)
PWR
(PD)
Power Consumption, Power Down Mode
(CS high)
fSCLK = 16 MHz, VA = VD = 5.0V, VREF =
2.5V 100 µW
fSCLK = 0, VA = VD = 5.0V, VREF = 2.5V 3.1 6.5 µW (max)
PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio See the Specification Definitions for the
test condition −85 dB
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
fSCLK Maximum Clock Frequency 20 16 MHz (min)
fSCLK Minimum Clock Frequency 0.8 8MHz (max)
fSMaximum Sample Rate 1.25 1MSPS (min)
tACQ Track/Hold Acquisition Time 3SCLK cycles
tCONV Conversion Time 12 SCLK cycles
tAD Aperture Delay 6 ns
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ADC122S706
ADC122S706 Timing Specifications (Note 8)
The following specifications apply for VA = +4.5V to 5.5V, VD = +2.7V to VA, VREF = 2.5V, fSCLK = 8 MHz to 16 MHz, CL = 25 pF,
unless otherwise noted. Boldface limits apply for TA = TMIN to TMAX: all other limits TA = 25°C.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical Limits Units
tCSSU CS Setup Time prior to an SCLK rising edge
VD = +2.7V to 3.6V 511 ns (min)
1/ fSCLK 1/ fSCLK - 3 ns (max)
VD = +4.5V to 5.5V 47ns (min)
1/ fSCLK 1/ fSCLK - 3 ns (max)
tEN DOUT Enable Time after the falling edge of CS VD = +2.7V to 3.6V 22 39 ns (max)
VD = +4.5V to 5.5V 920 ns (max)
tDH DOUT Hold time after an SCLK Falling edge 9 6ns (min)
tDA DOUT Access time after an SCLK Falling edge VD = +2.7V to 3.6V 24 39 ns (max)
VD = +4.5V to 5.5V 20 26 ns (max)
tDIS
DOUT Disable Time after the rising edge of CS
(Note 10) 10 20 ns (max)
tCH SCLK High Time 25 ns (min)
tCL SCLK Low Time 25 ns (min)
trDOUT Rise Time 7 ns
tfDOUT Fall Time 7 ns
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed
specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test
conditions. Operation of the device beyond the maximum Operating Ratings is not recommended.
Note 2: All voltages are measured with respect to GND = 0V, unless otherwise specified.
Note 3: When the input voltage at any pin exceeds the power supplies (that is, VIN < GND or VIN > VA), the current at that pin should be limited to 10 mA. The 50
mA maximum package input current rating limits the number of pins that can safely exceed the power supplies with an input current of 10 mA to five.
Note 4: The absolute maximum junction temperature (TJmax) for this device is 150°C. The maximum allowable power dissipation is dictated by TJmax, the
junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (θJA), and the ambient temperature (TA), and can be calculated using the formula PDMAX = (TJmax − TA)/θJA. The values
for maximum power dissipation listed above will be reached only when the ADC122S706 is operated in a severe fault condition (e.g. when input or output pins
are driven beyond the power supply voltages, or the power supply polarity is reversed). Such conditions should always be avoided.
Note 5: Human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 k resistor. Machine model is a 220 pF capacitor discharged through 0 . Charge
device model simulates a pin slowly acquiring charge (such as from a device sliding down the feeder in an automated assembler) then rapidly being discharged.
Note 6: Reflow temperature profiles are different for lead-free packages.
Note 7: Tested limits are guaranteed to National's AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level).
Note 8: Data sheet min/max specification limits are guaranteed by design, test, or statistical analysis.
Note 9: While the maximum sample rate is fSCLK/16, the actual sample rate may be lower than this by having the CS rate slower than fSCLK/16.
Note 10: tDIS is the time for DOUT to change 10%.
Note 11: The digital input pin, DUAL, has a leakage current of ±5 µA.
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ADC122S706
Timing Diagrams
30017101
FIGURE 1. ADC122S706 Single Conversion Timing Diagram (DUAL Data Output Mode)
30017142
FIGURE 2. ADC122S706 Single Conversion Timing Diagram (SINGLE Data Output Mode)
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ADC122S706
30017104
FIGURE 3. ADC122S706 Continuous Conversion Timing Diagram (DUAL Data Output Mode)
30017106
FIGURE 4. DOUT Rise and Fall Times
30017111
FIGURE 5. DOUT Hold and Access Times
30017110
FIGURE 6. Valid CS Assertion Times
30017112
FIGURE 7. Voltage Waveform for tDIS
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ADC122S706
Specification Definitions
APERTURE DELAY is the time between the fourth falling
edge of SCLK and the time when the input signal is acquired
or held for conversion.
COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO (CMRR) is a measure
of how well in-phase signals common to both input pins are
rejected.
To calculate CMRR, the change in output offset is measured
while the common mode input voltage is changed from 2V to
3V.
CMRR = 20 LOG ( Δ Common Input / Δ Output Offset)
CONVERSION TIME is the time required, after the input volt-
age is acquired, for the ADC to convert the input voltage to a
digital word.
DIFFERENTIAL NON-LINEARITY (DNL) is the measure of
the maximum deviation from the ideal step size of 1 LSB.
DUTY CYCLE is the ratio of the time that a repetitive digital
waveform is high to the total time of one period. The specifi-
cation here refers to the SCLK.
EFFECTIVE NUMBER OF BITS (ENOB, or EFFECTIVE
BITS) is another method of specifying Signal-to-Noise and
Distortion or SINAD. ENOB is defined as (SINAD − 1.76) /
6.02 and says that the converter is equivalent to a perfect
ADC of this (ENOB) number of bits.
FULL POWER BANDWIDTH is a measure of the frequency
at which the reconstructed output fundamental drops 3 dB
below its low frequency value for a full scale input.
INTEGRAL NON-LINEARITY (INL) is a measure of the de-
viation of each individual code from a line drawn from negative
full scale (½ LSB below the first code transition) through pos-
itive full scale (½ LSB above the last code transition). The
deviation of any given code from this straight line is measured
from the center of that code value.
MISSING CODES are those output codes that will never ap-
pear at the ADC outputs. The ADC122S706 is guaranteed not
to have any missing codes.
NEGATIVE FULL-SCALE ERROR is the difference between
the differential input voltage at which the output code transi-
tions from negative full scale to the next code and −VREF + 0.5
LSB.
NEGATIVE GAIN ERROR is the difference between the neg-
ative full-scale error and the offset error.
OFFSET ERROR is the difference between the differential
input voltage at which the output code transitions from code
000h to 001h and 1/2 LSB.
POSITIVE FULL-SCALE ERROR is the difference between
the differential input voltage at which the output code transi-
tions to positive full scale and VREF minus 1.5 LSB.
POSITIVE GAIN ERROR is the difference between the pos-
itive full-scale error and the offset error.
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO (PSRR) is a measure
of how well a change in supply voltage is rejected. PSRR is
calculated from the ratio of the change in offset error for a
given change in supply voltage, expressed in dB. For the AD-
C122S706, VA is changed from 4.5V to 5.5V.
PSRR = 20 LOG (ΔOffset / ΔVA)
SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO (SNR) is the ratio, expressed in
dB, of the rms value of the input signal to the rms value of the
sum of all other spectral components below one-half the sam-
pling frequency, not including harmonics or d.c.
SIGNAL TO NOISE PLUS DISTORTION (S/N+D or
SINAD) Is the ratio, expressed in dB, of the rms value of the
input signal to the rms value of all of the other spectral com-
ponents below half the clock frequency, including harmonics
but excluding d.c.
SPURIOUS FREE DYNAMIC RANGE (SFDR) is the differ-
ence, expressed in dB, between the desired signal amplitude
to the amplitude of the peak spurious spectral component,
where a spurious spectral component is any signal present in
the output spectrum that is not present at the input and may
or may not be a harmonic.
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (THD) is the ratio of the
rms total of the first five harmonic components at the output
to the rms level of the input signal frequency as seen at the
output, expressed in dB. THD is calculated as
where Af1 is the RMS power of the input frequency at the out-
put and Af2 through Af6 are the RMS power in the first 5
harmonic frequencies.
THROUGHPUT TIME is the minimum time required between
the start of two successive conversion.
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ADC122S706
Typical Performance Characteristics VA = VD = 5.0V, VREF = 2.5V, TA = +25°C, fSAMPLE = 1 MSPS,
fSCLK = 16 MHz, DUAL = VD, fIN = 100 kHz unless otherwise stated.
DNL - 1 MSPS
30017121
INL - 1 MSPS
30017122
DNL vs. VA
30017123
INL vs. VA
30017124
DNL vs. VREF
30017118
INL vs. VREF
30017119
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ADC122S706
Typical Performance Characteristics VA = VD = 5.0V, VREF = 2.5V, TA = +25°C, fSAMPLE = 1 MSPS,
fSCLK = 16 MHz, DUAL = VD, fIN = 100 kHz unless otherwise stated.
DNL vs. SCLK FREQUENCY
30017125
INL vs. SCLK FREQUENCY
30017126
DNL vs. TEMPERATURE
30017129
INL vs. TEMPERATURE
30017130
SINAD vs. VA
30017133
THD vs. VA
30017132
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ADC122S706
Typical Performance Characteristics VA = VD = 5.0V, VREF = 2.5V, TA = +25°C, fSAMPLE = 1 MSPS,
fSCLK = 16 MHz, DUAL = VD, fIN = 100 kHz unless otherwise stated.
SINAD vs. VREF
30017137
THD vs. VREF
30017136
SINAD vs. SCLK FREQUENCY
30017141
THD vs. SCLK FREQUENCY
30017140
SINAD vs. INPUT FREQUENCY
30017149
THD vs. INPUT FREQUENCY
30017148
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ADC122S706
Typical Performance Characteristics VA = VD = 5.0V, VREF = 2.5V, TA = +25°C, fSAMPLE = 1 MSPS,
fSCLK = 16 MHz, DUAL = VD, fIN = 100 kHz unless otherwise stated.
SINAD vs. TEMPERATURE
30017172
THD vs. TEMPERATURE
30017171
VA CURRENT vs. VA
30017174
VA CURRENT vs. SCLK FREQ
30017155
VA CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
30017154
VREF CURRENT vs. SCLK FREQ
30017152
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ADC122S706
Typical Performance Characteristics VA = VD = 5.0V, VREF = 2.5V, TA = +25°C, fSAMPLE = 1 MSPS,
fSCLK = 16 MHz, DUAL = VD, fIN = 100 kHz unless otherwise stated.
VREF CURRENT vs. TEMP
30017151
VD CURRENT vs. SCLK FREQ
30017156
VD CURRENT vs. TEMP
30017158
VA CURRENT vs. VA (SINGLE DOUT)
30017175
VA CURRENT vs. SCLK FREQ (SINGLE DOUT)
30017176
VA CURRENT vs. TEMP (SINGLE DOUT)
30017177
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ADC122S706
Typical Performance Characteristics VA = VD = 5.0V, VREF = 2.5V, TA = +25°C, fSAMPLE = 1 MSPS,
fSCLK = 16 MHz, DUAL = VD, fIN = 100 kHz unless otherwise stated.
VREF CURRENT vs. SCLK (SINGLE DOUT)
30017178
VREF CURRENT vs. TEMP (SINGLE DOUT)
30017179
VD CURRENT vs. SCLK (SINGLE DOUT)
30017157
VD CURRENT vs. TEMP (SINGLE DOUT)
30017159
CMRR vs. CM RIPPLE FREQ
30017173
SPECTRAL RESPONSE - 1 MSPS
30017114
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ADC122S706
Functional Description
The ADC122S706 is a dual 12-bit, simultaneous sampling
Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter. The converter is based on
a successive-approximation register (SAR) architecture
where the differential nature of the analog inputs is main-
tained from the internal track-and-hold circuits throughout the
A/D converter. The analog inputs on both channels are sam-
pled simultaneously to preserve their relative phase informa-
tion to each other. The architecture and process allow the
ADC122S706 to acquire and convert dual analog signals at
sample rates up to 1 MSPS while consuming very little power.
The ADC122S706 operates from independent analog and
digital supplies. The analog supply (VA) can range from 4.5V
to 5.5V and the digital supply (VD) can range from 2.7V to
VA. The ADC122S706 utilizes an external reference. The ex-
ternal reference can be any voltage between 1V and VA. The
value of the reference voltage determines the range of the
analog input, while the reference input current depends upon
the conversion rate.
Analog inputs are presented at the inputs of Channel A and
Channel B. Upon initiation of a conversion, the differential in-
put at these pins is sampled on the internal capacitor array.
The inputs are disconnected from the internal circuitry while
a conversion is in progress.
The ADC122S706 requires an external clock. The duty cycle
of the clock is essentially unimportant, provided the minimum
clock high and low times are met. The minimum clock fre-
quency is set by internal capacitor leakage. Each conversion
requires 16 SCLK cycles to complete. If less than 12 bits of
conversion data are required, CS can be brought high at any
point during the conversion.
The ADC122S706 offers dual high-speed serial data outputs
that are binary 2's complement and are compatible with sev-
eral standards, such as SPI™, QSPI™, MICROWIRE™, and
many common DSP serial interfaces. Channel A's conversion
result is outputted on DOUTA while Channel B's conversion re-
sult is outputted on DOUTB. This feature makes the AD-
C122S706 an excellent replacement for systems using two
distinct ADCs in a simultaneous sampling application. The
serial clock (SCLK) and chip select bar (CS) are shared by
both channels. The digital conversion of channel A and B is
clocked out by the SCLK input and is provided serially, most
significant bit first, at DOUTA and DOUTB, respectively. The
digital data that is provided at DOUTA and DOUTB is that of the
conversion currently in progress. With CS held low after the
conversion is complete, the ADC122S706 continuously con-
verts the analog inputs. For lower power consumption, a
single serial data output mode is externally selectable. This
feature makes the ADC122S706 an excellent replacement for
two independent ADCs that are part of a daisy chain config-
uration.
1.0 REFERENCE INPUT
The externally supplied reference voltage sets the analog in-
put range. The ADC122S706 will operate with a reference
voltage in the range of 1V to VA.
Operation with a reference voltage below 1V is also possible
with slightly diminished performance. As the reference volt-
age (VREF) is reduced, the range of acceptable analog input
voltages is reduced. Assuming a proper common-mode input
voltage, the differential peak-to-peak input range is limited to
twice VREF. See Section 2.3 for more details. Reducing the
value of VREF also reduces the size of the least significant bit
(LSB). The size of one LSB is equal to twice the reference
voltage divided by 4096. When the LSB size goes below the
noise floor of the ADC122S706, the noise will span an in-
creasing number of codes and overall performance will suffer.
For example, dynamic signals will have their SNR degrade,
while D.C. measurements will have their code uncertainty in-
crease. Since the noise is Gaussian in nature, the effects of
this noise can be reduced by averaging the results of a num-
ber of consecutive conversions.
Additionally, since offset and gain errors are specified in LSB,
any offset and/or gain errors inherent in the A/D converter will
increase in terms of LSB size as the reference voltage is re-
duced.
The reference input and the analog inputs are connected to
the capacitor array through a switch matrix when the input is
sampled. Hence, the current requirements at the reference
and at the analog inputs are a series of transient spikes that
occur at a frequency dependent on the operating sample rate
of the ADC122S706.
The reference current changes only slightly with temperature.
See the curves, “Reference Current vs. SCLK Frequency”
and “Reference Current vs. Temperature” in the Typical Per-
formance Curves section for additional details.
2.0 ANALOG SIGNAL INPUTS
The ADC122S706 has dual differential inputs where the ef-
fective input voltage that is digitized is CHA+ minus CHA−
(DIFFINA) and CHB+ minus CHB− (DIFFINB). As is the case
with all differential input A/D converters, operation with a fully
differential input signal or voltage will provide better perfor-
mance than with a single-ended input. However, the
ADC122S706 can be presented with a single-ended input.
The current required to recharge the input sampling capacitor
will cause voltage spikes at the + and − inputs. Do not try to
filter out these noise spikes. Rather, ensure that the transient
settles out during the acquisition period (three SCLK cycles
after the fall of CS).
2.1 Differential Input Operation
With a fully differential input voltage or signal, a positive full
scale output code (0111 1111 1111b or 7FFh) will be obtained
when DIFFINA or DIFFINB is greater than or equal to VREF
1.5 LSB. A negative full scale code (1000 0000 0000b or
800h) will be obtained when DIFFINA or DIFFINB is greater
than or equal to −VREF + 0.5 LSB. This ignores gain, offset
and linearity errors, which will affect the exact differential input
voltage that will determine any given output code. Figure 8
shows the ADC122S706 being driven by a full-scale differen-
tial source.
30017180
FIGURE 8. Differential Input
17 www.national.com
ADC122S706
2.2 Single-Ended Input Operation
For single-ended operation, the non-inverting inputs of the
ADC122S706 can be driven with a signal that has a maximum
to minimum value range that is equal to or less than twice the
reference voltage. The inverting inputs should be biased at a
stable voltage that is halfway between these maximum and
minimum values. In order to utilize the entire dynamic range
of the ADC122S706, the reference voltage is limited at VA /
2. This allows the non-inverting inputs the maximum swing
range of ground to VA. Figure 9 shows the ADC122S706 be-
ing driven by a full-scale single-ended source.
30017181
FIGURE 9. Single-Ended Input
Since the design of the ADC122S706 is optimized for a dif-
ferential input, the performance degrades slightly when driven
with a single-ended input. Linearity characteristics such as
INL and DNL typically degrade by 0.1 LSB and dynamic char-
acteristics such as SINAD typically degrades by 2 dB. Note
that single-ended operation should only be used if the perfor-
mance degradation (compared with differential operation) is
acceptable.
2.3 Input Common Mode Voltage
The allowable input common mode voltage (VCM) range de-
pends upon the supply and reference voltages used for the
ADC122S706. The ranges of VCM are depicted in Figure 10
and Figure 11. Equations for calculating the minimum and
maximum common mode voltages for differential and single-
ended operation are shown in Table 1.
30017161
FIGURE 10. VCM range for Differential Input operation
30017162
FIGURE 11. VCM range for single-ended operation
TABLE 1. Allowable VCM Range
Input Signal Minimum VCM Maximum VCM
Differential VREF / 2 VA − VREF / 2
Single-Ended VREF VA − VREF
3.0 SERIAL DIGITAL INTERFACE
The ADC122S706 communicates via a synchronous serial
interface as shown in the Timing Diagram section. CS, chip
select, initiates conversions and frames the serial data trans-
fers. SCLK (serial clock) controls both the conversion process
and the timing of the serial data. DOUTA and DOUTB are the
serial data output pins, where the conversion results of Chan-
nel A and Channel B are sent as serial data streams, MSB
first.
A serial frame is initiated on the falling edge of CS and ends
on the rising edge of CS. The ADC122S706's data output pins
are in a high impedance state when CS is high and are active
when CS is low; thus CS acts as an output enable. A timing
diagram for a single conversion is shown in Figure 1.
During the first three cycles of SCLK, the ADC122S706 is in
acquisition mode (tACQ), tracking the input voltage. For the
next twelve SCLK cycles (tCONV), the conversion is accom-
plished and the data is clocked out. SCLK falling edges one
through four clock out leading zeros while falling edges five
through sixteen clock out the conversion result, MSB first. If
there is more than one conversion in a frame (continuous
conversion mode), the ADC122S706 will re-enter acquisition
mode on the falling edge of SCLK after the N*16th rising edge
of SCLK and re-enter the conversion mode on the N*16+4th
falling edge of SCLK as shown in Figure 3. "N" is an integer
value.
The ADC122S706 can enter acquisition mode under three
different conditions. The first condition involves CS going low
(asserted) with SCLK high. In this case, the ADC122S706
enters acquisition mode on the first falling edge of SCLK after
CS is asserted. In the second condition, CS goes low with
SCLK low. Under this condition, the ADC122S706 automati-
cally enters acquisition mode and the falling edge of CS is
seen as the first falling edge of SCLK. In the third condition,
CS and SCLK go low simultaneously and the ADC122S706
enters acquisition mode. While there is no timing restriction
with respect to the falling edges of CS and the falling edge of
SCLK, see Figure 6 for setup and hold time requirements for
the falling edge of CS with respect to the rising edge of SCLK.
www.national.com 18
ADC122S706
3.1 CS Input
The CS (chip select bar) is an active low input that is TTL and
CMOS compatible. The ADC122S706 is in conversion mode
when CS is low and power-down mode when CS is high. As
a result, CS frames the conversion window. The falling edge
of CS marks the beginning of a conversion and the rising edge
of CS marks the end of a conversion window. Multiple con-
versions can occur within a given conversion frame with each
conversion requiring sixteen SCLK cycles. This is referred to
as continuous conversion mode and is shown in Figure 3 of
the Timing Diagram section.
Proper operation requires that the fall of CS not occur simul-
taneously with a rising edge of SCLK. If the fall of CS occurs
during the rising edge of SCLK, the data might be clocked out
one bit early. Whether or not the data is clocked out early
depends upon how close the CS transition is to the SCLK
transition, the device temperature, and characteristics of the
individual device. To ensure that the MSB is always clocked
out at a given time (the 5th falling edge of SCLK), it is essential
that the fall of CS always meet the timing requirement speci-
fied in the Timing Specification table.
3.2 SCLK Input
The SCLK (serial clock) serves two purposes in the AD-
C122S706. It is used by the ADC as the conversion clock and
it is used as the serial clock to output the conversion results.
This SCLK input is CMOS compatible. Internal settling time
requirements limit the maximum clock frequency while inter-
nal capacitor leakage limits the minimum clock frequency.
The ADC122S706 offers guaranteed performance with the
clock rates indicated in the electrical table.
3.3 Data Output(s)
The ADC122S706 enables system designers two options for
receiving converted data from the ADC122S706. Data can be
received from separate data output pins (DOUTA and DOUTB)
or from a single data output line. These options are controlled
by the digital input pin DUAL. With the DUAL pin set to a logic
high level, the dual high-speed serial outputs are enabled.
Channel A's conversion result is outputted on DOUTA while
Channel B's conversion result is outputted on DOUTB. With the
DUAL pin set to a logic low level, the conversion result of
Channel A and Channel B is outputted on DOUTA, with the
result of Channel A being outputted before the result of Chan-
nel B. The DOUTB pin is in a high impedance state during this
condition. See Figure 1 and Figure 2 in the Timing Diagram
section for more details on DUAL and SINGLE DOUT mode.
The output data format of the ADC122S706 is two’s comple-
ment, as shown in Table 2. This table indicates the ideal
output code for the given input voltage and does not include
the effects of offset, gain error, linearity errors, or noise. Each
data bit is output on the falling edge of SCLK.
TABLE 2. Ideal Output Code vs. Input Voltage
Analog Input
(+IN) − (−IN)
2's
Complement
Binary Output
2's
Comp.
Hex Code
2's
Comp.
Dec Code
VREF − 1.5 LSB 0111 1111 1111 7FF 2047
+ 0.5 LSB 0000 0000 0001 001 1
− 0.5 LSB 0000 0000 0000 000 0
0V − 1.5 LSB 1111 1111 1111 FFF −1
−VREF + 0.5 LSB 1000 0000 0000 800 −2048
While data is output on the falling edges of SCLK, receiving
systems have the option of capturing the data on the subse-
quent rising or falling edge of SCLK. The maximum specifi-
cation for tDA (DOUT access time after an SCLK falling edge)
is provided for two power supply ranges. If the system is op-
erating at the maximum clock frequency of 16MHz and a VD
supply voltage of 3V, it would be necessary for the receiver
to capture data on the subsequent falling edge of SCLK in
order to guarantee performance over the entire temperature
range. Operating at a VD supply voltage of 5V or an SCLK
frequency less than 10MHz allows data to be captured on ei-
ther edge of SCLK. If a receiving system is going to capture
data on the subsequent falling edge of SCLK, it is important
to make sure that the minimum hold time after an SCLK falling
edge (tDH) is acceptable. See Figure 5 for DOUT hold and ac-
cess times.
DOUT is enabled on the falling edge of CS and disabled on the
rising edge of CS. If CS is raised prior to the 16th falling edge
of SCLK, the current conversion is aborted and DOUT will go
into its high impedance state. A new conversion will begin
when CS is taken LOW.
Applications Information
OPERATING CONDITIONS
We recommend that the following conditions be observed for
operation of the ADC122S706:
−40°C TA +105°C
+4.5V VA +5.5V
+2.7V VD VA
1V VREF VA
8 MHz fSCLK 16 MHz
VCM: See Section 2.3
4.0 POWER CONSUMPTION
The architecture, design, and fabrication process allow the
ADC122S706 to operate at conversion rates up to 1 MSPS
while consuming very little power. The ADC122S706 con-
sumes the least amount of power while operating in power
down mode. For applications where power consumption is
critical, the ADC122S706 should be operated in power down
mode as often as the application will tolerate. To further re-
duce power consumption, stop the SCLK while CS is high.
4.1 Short Cycling
Short cycling refers to the process of halting a conversion af-
ter the last needed bit is outputted. Short cycling can be used
to lower the power consumption in those applications that do
not need a full 12-bit resolution, or where an analog signal is
being monitored until some condition occurs. For example, it
may not be necessary to use the full 12-bit resolution of the
ADC122S706 as long as the signal being monitored is within
certain limits. In some circumstances, the conversion could
be terminated after the first few bits. This will lower power
consumption in the converter since the ADC122S706 spends
more time in power down mode and less time in the conver-
sion mode.
Short cycling is accomplished by pulling CS high after the last
required bit is received from the ADC122S706 output. This is
possible because the ADC122S706 places the latest con-
verted data bit on DOUT as it is generated. If only 8-bits of the
conversion result are needed, for example, the conversion
can be terminated by pulling CS high after the 8th bit has been
clocked out.
19 www.national.com
ADC122S706
4.2 Burst Mode Operation
Normal operation of the ADC122S706 requires the SCLK fre-
quency to be sixteen times the sample rate and the CS rate
to be the same as the sample rate. However, in order to min-
imize power consumption in applications requiring sample
rates below 500 kSPS, the ADC122S706 should be run with
an SCLK frequency of 16 MHz and a CS rate as slow as the
system requires. When this is accomplished, the
ADC122S706 is operating in burst mode. The ADC122S706
enters into power down mode at the end of each conversion,
minimizing power consumption. This causes the converter to
spend the longest possible time in power down mode. Since
power consumption scales directly with conversion rate, min-
imizing power consumption requires determining the lowest
conversion rate that will satisfy the requirements of the sys-
tem.
4.3 Single DOUT mode
With the DUAL pin connected to a logic low level, the AD-
C122S706 is operating in single DOUT mode. In single DOUT
mode, the conversion result of Channel A and Channel B are
both output on DOUTA (see Figure 2). Operating in this mode
causes the maximum conversion rate to be reduced to 500k-
SPS while operating with an SCLK frequency of 16MHz. This
is a result of the conversion window changing from 16 clock
cycles to 32 clock cycles to receive the conversion result of
Channel A and Channel B. Since the conversion of Channel
A and Channel B are still performed simultaneously, the AD-
C122S706 still enters a power down state on the 16th falling
edge of SCLK. The increased time spent in power down mode
causes the power consumption of the ADC122S706 to reduce
nearly by a factor of two. See the Power Supply Characteris-
tics Table for more details.
5.0 POWER SUPPLY CONSIDERATIONS AND PCB
LAYOUT
For best performance, care should be taken with the physical
layout of the printed circuit board. This is especially true with
a low reference voltage or when the conversion rate is high.
At high clock rates there is less time for settling, so it is im-
portant that any noise settles out before the conversion be-
gins.
5.1 Analog and Digital Power Supplies
Any ADC architecture is sensitive to spikes on the power sup-
ply, reference, and ground pins. These spikes may originate
from switching power supplies, digital logic, high power de-
vices, and other sources. Power to the ADC122S706 should
be clean and well bypassed. A 0.1 µF ceramic bypass ca-
pacitor and a 1 µF to 10 µF capacitor should be used to
bypass the ADC122S706 supply, with the 0.1 µF capacitor
placed as close to the ADC122S706 package as possible.
Since the ADC122S706 has both an analog and a digital sup-
ply pin, the user has three options. The first option is to tie the
analog and digital supply pins together and power them with
the same power supply. This is the most cost effective way of
powering the ADC122S706 but it is also the least ideal. As
stated previously, noise from the digital supply pin can couple
into the analog supply pin and adversely affect performance.
The other two options involve the user powering the analog
and digital supply pins with separate supply voltages. These
supply voltages can have the same amplitude or they can be
different. The only design constraint is that the digital supply
voltage be less than the analog supply voltage. This is not
usually a problem since many applications prefer a digital in-
terface of 3V while operating the analog section of the AD-
C122S706 at 5V. Operating the digital supply pin at 3V as
apposed to 5V offers two advantages. It lowers the power
consumption of the ADC122S706 and it decreases the noise
created by charging and discharging the capacitance of the
digital interface pins.
5.2 Voltage Reference
The reference source must have a low output impedance and
needs to be bypassed with a minimum capacitor value of 0.1
µF. A larger capacitor value of 1 µF to 10 µF placed in parallel
with the 0.1 µF is preferred. While the ADC122S706 draws
very little current from the reference on average, there are
higher instantaneous current spikes at the reference input.
The reference input of the ADC122S706, like all A/D convert-
ers, does not reject noise or voltage variations. Keep this in
mind if the reference voltage is derived from the power supply.
Any noise and/or ripple from the supply that is not rejected by
the external reference circuitry will appear in the digital re-
sults. The use of an active reference source is recommended.
The LM4040 and LM4050 shunt reference families and the
LM4132 and LM4140 series reference families are excellent
choices for a reference source.
5.3 PCB Layout
Capacitive coupling between the noisy digital circuitry and the
sensitive analog circuitry can lead to poor performance. The
solution is to keep the analog circuitry separated from the
digital circuitry and the clock line as short as possible. Digital
circuits create substantial supply and ground current tran-
sients. The logic noise generated could have significant im-
pact upon system noise performance. To avoid performance
degradation of the ADC122S706 due to supply noise, avoid
using the same supply for the VA and VREF of the AD-
C122S706 that is used for digital circuity on the board.
Generally, analog and digital lines should cross each other at
90° to avoid crosstalk. However, to maximize accuracy in high
resolution systems, avoid crossing analog and digital lines al-
together. It is important to keep clock lines as short as possi-
ble and isolated from ALL other lines, including other digital
lines. In addition, the clock line should also be treated as a
transmission line and be properly terminated. The analog in-
put should be isolated from noisy signal traces to avoid cou-
pling of spurious signals into the input. Any external
component (e.g., a filter capacitor) connected between the
converter's input pins and ground or to the reference input pin
and ground should be connected to a very clean point in the
ground plane.
A single, uniform ground plane and the use of split power
planes are recommended. The power planes should be lo-
cated within the same board layer. All analog circuitry (input
amplifiers, filters, reference components, etc.) should be
placed over the analog power plane. All digital circuitry and I/
O lines should be placed over the digital power plane. Fur-
thermore, the GND pin on the ADC122S706 and all the
components in the reference circuitry and input signal chain
that are connected to ground should be connected to the
ground plane at a quiet point. Avoid connecting these points
too close to the ground point of a microprocessor, microcon-
troller, digital signal processor, or other high power digital
device.
www.national.com 20
ADC122S706
6.0 APPLICATION CIRCUITS
The following figures are examples of the ADC122S706 in
typical application circuits. These circuits are basic and will
generally require modification for specific circumstances.
6.1 Data Acquisition
Figure 12 shows a basic low cost, low power data acquisition
circuit. The analog and digital supply pins are powered by the
system +5V supply and the 2.5V reference voltage is gener-
ated by the LM4040-2.5 shunt reference.
30017134
FIGURE 12. Low cost, low power Data Acquisition
System
6.2 Current Sensing Application
Figure 13 shows an example of interfacing a pair of current
transducers to the ADC122S706. The current transducers
convert an input current into a voltage that is converted by the
ADC. Since the output voltage of the current transducers are
single-ended and centered around a common-mode voltage
of 2.5V, the ADC122S706 is configured with the output of the
transducer driving the non-inverting inputs and the common-
mode output voltage of the transducer driving the inverting
input. The output of the transducer has an output range of ±2V
around the common-mode voltage of 2.5V. As a result, a se-
ries reference voltage of 2.0V is connected to the AD-
C122S706. This will allow all of the codes of the ADC122S706
to be available for the application. This configuration of the
ADC122S706 is referred to as a single-ended application of
a differential ADC. All of the elements in the application are
conveniently powered by the same +5V power supply, keep-
ing circuit complexity and cost to a minimum.
30017138
FIGURE 13. Interfacing the ADC122S706 to a Current Transducer
21 www.national.com
ADC122S706
6.3 Bridge Sensor Application
Figure 14 shows an example of interfacing the ADC122S706
to a pair of bridge sensors. The application assumes that the
bridge sensors require buffering and amplification to fully uti-
lize the dynamic range of the ADC and thus optimize the
performance of the entire signal path. The amplification stage
for each ADC input consists of a pair of opamps from the
LMP7704. The amplification stage offers the benefit of high
input impedance and potentially high amplification. On the
other hand, it offers no common-mode rejection of noise com-
ing from the bridge sensors. The application circuit assumes
the bridge sensors are powered from the same +5V power
supply voltage as the analog supply pin on the ADC122S706.
This has the benefit of providing the ideal common-mode in-
put voltage for the ADC122S706 while keeping design com-
plexity and cost to a minimum. The LM4132-4.1, a 4.1V series
reference, is used as the reference voltage in the application.
30017135
FIGURE 14. Interfacing the ADC122S706 to Bridge Sensors
www.national.com 22
ADC122S706
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
14-Lead TSSOP
Order Number ADC122S706CIMM
NS Package Number MTC14
23 www.national.com
ADC122S706
Notes
ADC122S706 Dual 12-Bit, 500 kSPS to 1 MSPS, Simultaneous Sampling A/D Converter
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