MOONS’
Technology
2 Phase
Step
Motors
3 Phase
Step
Motors
Technical
www.moonsindustries.com 2
STEP MOTORS
Contents
PowerPlus Technology............................................................................03
MOONS’ Step Motor Advantages............................................................04
Encapsulated Motors...............................................................................05
2 Phase and 3 Phase Motors......................................... ......................... 06
Size 8 - 1.8° - MS08HY Series............................................................ 09
Size 10 - 1.8° - MS10HY Series............................................................ 11
Size 11 - 1.8° - MS11HS Series............................................................ 13
Size 14 - 0.9° - 14HK Encapsulated Series..........................................17
Size 14 - 0.9° - MS14HA Series............................................................19
Size 14 - 1.8° - MS14HS Series............................................................ 23
Size 16 - 1.8° - MS16HR Series............................................................ 27
Size 16 - 1.8° - MS16HS Series............................................................ 29
Size 17 - 0.9° - MS17HA Series............................................................ 33
Size 17 - 1.8° - MS17HD Series............................................................37
Size 23 - 0.9° - MS23HA Series............................................................ 41
Size 23 - 1.8° - ML23HS / PL23HS -High torque / PowerPlus Series... 43
Size 24 - 1.8° - MS24HS Series............................................................ 47
Size 34 - 1.8° - ML34HD / PL34HD - High torque / PowerPlus Series..49
Size 42 - 1.8° - ML42HS Series.............................................................53
Model Number System............................................................................ 07
Custom Motors........................................................................................ 08
MOONS’ Technology
2 Phase Step Motors
Size 17 - 1.2° - 17HC Encapsulated Series...........................................55
Size 24 - 1.2° - ML24HC / PL24HC - High torque / PowerPlus Series..57
Size 34 - 1.2° - 34HC Series................................................................. 61
3 Phase Step Motors
Step Motor Basics - Applications, Structure & Operation....................... 63
Load Calculations & Tips for Using Step Motors..................................... 65
Step Sequence & Schematic Diagrams...................................................67
Bearing Life & Shaft Loading...................................................................68
Conversion Factors................................................................................. 69
Technical
Torque (mNm)
Speed (0.9˚ steps / sec)
MOONS'
Competitor 1
Competitor 2
12 VDC, Rated Current
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Models s tarting with M or P
Sta tor - Series
M Sta ndard S tep M otor
P Powe rP lus Ste p Motor
Rotor S Standard Inertia Size 8, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 23, 24
L Lower Inertia Size 23, 24, 34, 42
Frame Size ## 08, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 23, 24, 34, 42
Motor Technology
HA Hybrid Step Motor, 2 Phase 0.9 degree
HY, HD, HS, HR Hybrid Ste p Motor, 2 Pha se 1.8 degre e
HC Hybrid S tep M o tor , 3 P h ase 1.2 d eg r ee
Le ngth Code # Non si gni fica nt numbe r o r l ette r
Connecti on Constructi on / I P Ra ting
LLeads IP40
P, F, R Pl ug I n Conne ctor - Standard IP 40
Num ber of conne ctions / W i ndi ng Type
4 Bipolar
6 Uni pol a r (can be use d bi pol ar)
8 Can be conne cted any w ay
W i ndi ng Current
### Curre nt ra ting x 100. 050 = 0.5 a m ps, 500 = 5 a m ps
X ## for 11 to 19 am p s: X 10= 11 amp s, X 40 = 14 am p s
Options Om i t No Optio ns
-E Standard English rear shaft
-M Standard Metric rear shaft
Other Models - 14HK, 17HC & 34HC
Frame Size ## 14, 17,34
Motor Technology
HK 2 P h ase 0. 9 d egr ee
HC Hybrid Step Motor, 3 Phase 1.2 degree
Le ngth Code # Non si gni fica nt number or letter
Connecti on Constructi on / I P Ra ting
0 Plug I n Conne ctor - Sta ndard IP 40
3, 4, 8 Num ber of Leads IP 40
W i ndi ng Current
## Non signi fica nt number
Opti onal Construction Code
-##
N
0
4
0
-M
14 HK 0 4 05 N
MS17HD2P4
MS08HY 3 P 4 065
Basic Motor Length (Max)
1 29.5mm(1.16in.)
3 39.5mm(1.56in.)
5 46.5mm(1.83in.)
Electrical Connection
P Plug-In Connector(Side Facing)
F Font Facing Connector
R Rear Facing Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar (or Bipolar)
MS10HY 2 F 4 052
Basic Motor Length (Max)
0 23.5mm(0.92in.)
2 33mm(1.3in.)
Electrical Connection
F Font Facing Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar (or Bipolar)
MS11HS 3 P 4 040
Basic Motor Length (Max)
1 32mm(1.26)
3 41mm(1.62)
5 52mm(2.05)
Electrical Connection
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar (or Bipolar)
43.83
(1.726)
2-M3
2-R3.5
2-R0.138
AWG28 UL1886
300±10(11.8±0.4)
LMax.
14HK0=12.8(0.51)
14HK2=20.2(0.80)
Ø36
(Ø1.417)
Ø16
0
-0.01
(Ø0.63
0
-0.0004
)
Ø5
0
-0.012
(0.177
0
-0.0005
)
2.5
(0.1)
15±0.5
(0.591±0.020)
MS14HA1=27.3(1.07)
MS14HA3=36(1.42)
MS14HA5=55.5(2.19)
2
(0.08) 8
(0.31)
4-M3
Depth 3(0.12)Min
35.3Max.
(1.390)
26
(1.024)
LMax.
15
(0.591)
24±0.5
(0.945±0.020)
Ø5
0
-0.012
(Ø0.1969
0
-0.0005
)
4.5±0.1
(0.177±0.004)
Ø22
0
-0.052
(Ø0.866
0
-0.002
)2.8
(0.11)
Pin 1
JST S11B-ZR(LF)(SN)
21.6(0.85)
MS14HA 5 P 4 040
Basic Motor Length (Max)
1 27.3mm(1.07 in.)
3 36mm (1.42 in. )
5 55.5mm (2.19 in.)
Electrical Connection
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar (or Bipolar)
300±10
(11.8±0.4)
4 Lead Part Number 4634 1402 04581
Housing:JST ZHR-11
Terminal:JST-SZH-002T-P0.5 AWG26 UL1061
BLACK
GREEN
RED
BLUE
6 Lead Part Number 4634 1402 04489
1
5
7
11
300±10
(11.8±0.4)
Housing:JST ZHR-11
Terminal:JST-SZH-002T-P0.5 AWG26 UL1061
BLACK
GREEN
RED
BLUE
1
5
7
11
YELLOW
WHITE
3
9
2
(0.08) 8
(0.31)
4-M3
Depth 3(0.12)Min
35.3Max.
(1.390)
26
(1.024)
LMax.
MS14HS1=27.3(1.07)
MS14HS3=36(1.42)
MS14HS5=55.5(2.19)
15
(0.591)
24±0.5
(0.945±0.020)
Ø5
0
-0.012
(Ø0.1969
0
-0.0005
)
4.5±0.1
(0.177±0.004)
Ø22
0
-0.052
(Ø0.866
0
-0.002
)
21.6(0.85)
3.7
(0.15)
Pin 1
JST S11B-ZR(LF)(SN)
MS14HS 3 P 4 040
Basic Motor Length (Max)
1 27.3mm ( 1.07 in. )
3 36mm (1.42 in. )
5 55.5mm (2.19 in.)
Electrical Connection
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar (or Bipolar)
300±10
(11.8±0.4)
4 Lead P art Number 4634 1402 04581
Housing:JST ZHR-11
Terminal:SZH-002T-P0.5 AWG26 UL1061
BLACK
GREEN
RED
BLUE
6 Lead Part Number 4634 1402 04489
1
5
7
11
300±10
(11.8±0.4)
Housing:JST ZHR-11
Terminal:SZH-002T-P0.5 AWG26 UL1061
BLACK
GREEN
RED
BLUE
1
5
7
11
YELLOW
WHITE
3
9
MS16HR 7 P 4 070
Basic Motor Length (Max)
7 20.5mm ( 0.81 in. )
0 25.1mm (0.99 in. )
4 32mm ( 1.26 in. )
Electrical Connection
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
MS16HS 7 P 4 040
Basic Motor Length (Max)
7 20.8mm ( 0.82 in. )
0 26mm (1.02 in. )
4 33mm ( 1.30 in. )
Electrical Connection
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar (or Bipolar)
MS17HA4=34.3(1.35)
MS17HA2=39.8(1.57)
MS17HA6=48.3(1.90)
15
(0.591)
LMax. 13±1
(0.512±0.04)
24±0.5
(0.945±0.020) Ø5
0
-0.012
(Ø0.1969
0
-0.0005
)
11
(0.43)
2
(0.08)
31
(1.220)
42.3
(1.665)
4-M3
Depth 4.5(0.18)Min.
7
(0.28)
OPTIONAL REAR SHAFT
EXTENSION,INCLUDES
ENCODER MOUNTING:
2-M2.5,DEPTH 2.5(0.1)Min.
ON Ø19.05(0.75) BOLT
CIRCLE (IN REAR ENDBELL)
Ø22
0
-0.052
(Ø0.866
0
-0.002
)
4.5±0.1
(0.177±0.004)
Ø5
0
-0.012
(Ø0.1969
0
-0.0005
)Pin 1
JST S6B-PH-K-S(LF)(SN)
or MOLEX 89401-0610
16(0.63)
MS17HA 4 P 4 040 -M
Basic Motor Length (Max)
4 34.3mm ( 1.35 in. ) Short
2 39.8mm (1.57 in. ) 1 Stack
6 48.3mm ( 1.90 in. ) 2 Stack
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar(or Bipolar)
Electrical Connection
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Options
Omit No Options
-M 5 mm Diameter Rear Shaft
With Encoder Mounting Holes
BLUE
WHITE
RED
GREEN
YELLOW
BLACK
300±10
(11.8±0.4)
Housing:JST PHR-6
Terminal:SPH-002-P0.5S AWG26 UL3266
BLUE
RED
GREEN
BLACK
300±10
(11.8±0.4)
Housing:JST PHR-6
Terminal:SPH-002T-P0.5S AWG26 UL3266
6 Lead Part Number 4634 1402 00922
4 Lead Part Number 4634 1402 00723
6
1
2
3
4
5
1
6
3
4
MS17HD 4 P 4 040 -M
Basic Motor Length (Max)
5 25.3mm ( 1.0 in. )
4 34.3mm ( 1.35 in. )
2 39.8mm ( 1.57 in. ) 1 Stack
6 48.3mm ( 1.90 in. ) 2 Stack
B 62.8mm ( 2.47 in. ) 3 Stack
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar(or Bipolar)
Electrical Connection
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Options
Omit No Options
-M 5 mm Diameter Rear Shaft
With Encoder Mounting Holes
MS23HA0=39(1.54)
MS23HA8=55(2.17)
MS23HAA=77(3.03)
LMax. 13±1
(0.512±0.040)
Ø6.35
0
-0.012
(Ø0.25
0
-0.0005
)
5.08
(0.2)
56.4
(2.220)
47.14
(1.856)
5.8±0.1
(0.228±0.004)
15
(0.591)
Ø38.1±0.05
(Ø1.5±0.002)
Ø6.35
0
-0.012
(Ø0.25
0
-0.0005
)
20.6±0.5
(0.811±0.020)
1.6
(0.06) 11.5
(0.45)
4-Ø5.1
+0.2
0
(4-Ø0.2
+0.008
0
)
5
(0.20)
OPTIONAL REAR SHAFT
EXTENSION,INCLUDES
ENCODER MOUNTING:
2-M2.5 ON Ø19.05(0.75)
BOLT CIRCLE
(IN REAR ENDBELL)
21(0.83)
Pin 1
JST S6B-XH-A-1(LF)(SN)
MS23HA 0 P 4 100 -E
Basic Motor Length (Max)
0 39mm ( 1.54 in. )
8 55mm ( 2.17 in. ) 1 Stack
A 77mm ( 3.03 in. ) 2 Stack
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar(or Bipolar)
Electrical Connection
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Options
Omit No Options
-E 0.25 inch diameter rear shaft
With Encoder Mounting Holes
M L23HS 0 P 4 100 -E
Motor Technology
M High Torque Step Motor
P PowerPlus Step Motor
Basic Motor Length (Max)
0 39mm ( 1.54 in. )
4 45mm (1.77 in. )
8 55mm ( 2.17 in. ) 1 Stack
A 77mm ( 3.03 in. ) 2 Stack
C 112mm (4.41 in. ) 3 Stack
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar(or Bipolar)
Electrical Connection
L Leads
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Options
Omit No Options
-E 0.25 inch Diameter Rear Shaft
with Encoder Mounting Holes
LMax.
MS24HS1=46.5(1.83)
MS24HS2=56.5(2.22)
MS24HS3=67.5(2.66)
MS24HS5=87.5(3.44)
11.5
(0.45)
60
(2.362)
47.14
(1.856)
4-Ø4.5
+0.5
0
(4-Ø0.177
+0.02
0
)
1.5
(0.06) 7
(0.28) 39(1.54)
5.8±0.1
(0.228±0.004)
15
(0.591)
Ø38.1±0.05
(Ø1.5±0.002)
Ø6.35
0
-0.012
(Ø0.25
0
-0.0005
)
20.6±0.5
(0.811±0.020)
7
(0.28)
Ø6.35
0
-0.012
(Ø0.25
0
-0.0005
)
OPTIONAL REAR SHAFT
EXTENSION,INCLUDES
ENCODER MOUNTING:
2-M2.5 ON Ø19.05(0.75)
BOLT CIRCLE
(IN REAR ENDBELL)
13±1
(0.512±0.040)
Ø8
0
-0.012
(Ø0.315
0
-0.0005
)
7.5±0.1
(0.295±0.004)
For MS24HS5
Pin 1
JST S11B-XH-A-1(LF)(SN)
MS24HS 1 P 4 150 -E
Basic Motor Length (Max)
1 46mm ( 1.81 in. )
2 56mm ( 2.21 in. )
3 67mm ( 2.64 in. )
5 87MM ( 3.43IN. )
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
6 6 Lead-Unipolar(or Bipolar)
Electrical Connection
L Leads
P Plug-in Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Options
Omit No Options
-E 0.25 inch diameter rear shaft
With Encoder Mounting Holes
M L34HD 0 L 8 350 -E
Motor Technology
M High Torque Step Motor
P PowerPlus Step Motor
Basic Motor Length (Max)
0 67mm ( 2.64 in. ) 1 Stack
1 97mm ( 3.82 in. ) 2 Stack
2 126mm ( 4.96 in. ) 3 Stack
3 157mm ( 6.18 in. ) 4 Stack
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
8 8 Lead-Unipolar(or Bipolar)
L Leads
Winding
### Current rating x 100
X## for 11 to 19 amps:
X10= 11 amps, X40 = 14 amps
Options
Omit No Options
-E 0.375 inch Diameter Rear Shaft
with Encoder Mounting Holes
Ø73.025±0.025
(Ø2.875±0.001)
10
(0.394)
2
(0.08) AWG18 UL3266
300±10(11.8±0.4)
LMax.31.75±0.5
(1.25±0.020)
22±0.25
(0.866±0.01) 69.6
(2.740)
86±0.5
(3.386)
ML34HD0=67.5(2.66)
ML34HD1=97(3.82)
ML34HD2=126.5(4.98)
ML34HD3=157(6.18)
OPTIONAL REAR
SHAFT EXTENSION,
INCLUDES ENCODER
MOUNTING: 2-M2.5
ON Ø46 BOLT CIRCLE
(IN REAR ENDBELL)
19.05±1
(0.75±0.04)
Ø14.097
0
-0.432
(Ø0.555
0
-0.017
)
Ø9.525
0
-0.012
(Ø0.375
0
-0.0005
)
3.175
0
-0.051
(0.125
0
-0.002
)
Ø12.7
0
-0.012
(Ø0.5
0
-0.0005
)
4-Ø6.5±0.2
(4-Ø0.256±0.008)
17.907
0
-0.432
(0.705
0
-0.017
)
4.763
0
-0.051
(0.1875
0
-0.002
)
Shaft for ML34HD3
Ø15.875
0
-0.012
(Ø0.625
0
-0.0005
)
M L42HS 0 L 8 350
Motor Technology
M High Torque Step Motor
P PowerPlus Step Motor
Electrical Connection
Basic Motor Length (Max)
0 100mm ( 3.94 in. ) 1 Stack
2 151mm ( 5.95 in. ) 2 Stack
3 202mm ( 7.95 in. ) 3 Stack
Number of Connections
4 4 Lead-Bipolar
8 8 Lead-Unipolar(or Bipolar)
L Leads
Winding
### Current rating x 100
X## for 11 to 19 amps:
X10= 11 amps, X40 = 14 amps
AWG18 UL3266
300±10(11.8±0.4)
LMax.
ML42HS0=100(3.94)
ML42HS2=151(5.94)
ML42HS3=202(7.95)
55.6±0.5
(2.189±0.020)
21.08
0
-0.432
(Ø0.830
0
-0.017
)
4.763
0
-0.051
(0.1875
0
-0.002
)
1.52
(0.06)
Ø55.52±0.05
(Ø2.186±0.002)
34.9±0.25
(1.374±0.010)
Ø19.05
0
-0.012
(Ø0.75
0
-0.0005
)
110
(4.331)
89
(3.504)
Ø8.3
+0.3
0
(Ø0.327
+0.012
0
)
17HC2=34(1.34)
17HC6=43(1.69)
LMax.
2
(0.08)
2-M3
Depth 4.5(0.18)Min
43.8
(1.724)
30
(1.18)
12(0.47)
11.1
(0.44)
Ø44.3Max.
(Ø1.744 Max.)
15
(0.591)
24±0.5
(0.945±0.020)
Ø5
0
-0.012
(Ø0.1969
0
-0.0005
)
Ø22
0
-0.052
(Ø0.866
0
-0.002
)
4.5±0.1
(0.177±0.004)
Pin 1
JST S3B-PH-K-S(LF)(SN)
Housing: JST PHR-3
Terminal: JST SPH-002T-P0.5S
300±10
(11.8±0.4)
AWG26 UL3266
3
2
1
RED
WHITE
GREEM
3 Lead Part Number 4634 1402 04496
LMax.
15
(0.591)
20.6±0.5
(0.811±0.020)
ML24HC4=45.5(1.79)
ML24HC8=55.5(2.19)
ML24HCA=77.5(3.05)
Ø36±0.05
(Ø1.417±0.002)
11.5
(0.45)
60
(2.362)
50
(1.969)
4-Ø4.5
+0.5
0
(4-Ø0.177
+0.02
0
)
1.5
(0.06) 6
(0.24)
Ø6.35
0
-0.012
(Ø0.25
0
-0.0005
)
5.8±0.1
(0.228±0.004)
5.1
(0.20)
19.9(0.78)
13±1
(0.512±0.040)
Ø6.35
0
-0.012
(Ø0.25
0
-0.0005
)
OPTIONAL REAR SHAFT
EXTENSION,INCLUDES
ENCODER MOUNTING:
2-M2.5 ON Ø19.05(0.75)
BOLT CIRCLE
(INREARENDBELL)
Pin 1
JST S7B-XH-A-1(LF)(SN)
M L24HC 4 P 3 150 -E
Motor Technology
M High Torque Step Motor
P PowerPlus Step Motor
Electrical Connection
Basic Motor Length (Max)
4 45.5mm ( 1.79 in. )
8 55.5mm ( 2.19 in. ) 1 Stack
A 77.5mm ( 3.05 in. ) 2 Stack
Number of Connections
3 3 Lead-Bipolar
L Leads
P Plug-In Connector
Winding
### Current rating x 100
Options
Omit No Options
-E 0.25 inch Diameter Rear Shaft
with Encoder Mounting Holes
7
300±10
(11.8±0.4)
AWG22 UL3266
GREEN
1
HOUSING:JST XHP-7
TERMINAL:JST SXH-001T-P0.6
3 Lead Part Number 4634 1402 04485
WHITE
RED
3
34HC0=67.5(2.66)
34HC1=97(3.82)
34HC2=126.5(4.98)
Ø73.025±0.025
(Ø2.875±0.001)
10
(0.394)
2
(0.08) AWG18 UL3266
300±10(11.8±0.4)
LMax.31.75±0.5
(1.25±0.020)
22±0.25
(0.866±0.01) 69.6
(2.740)
86
(3.386)
OPTIONAL REAR
SHAFT EXTENSION,
INCLUDES ENCODER
MOUNTING: 2-M2.5
ON Ø46 BOLT CIRCLE
(IN REAR ENDBELL)
19.05±1
(0.75±0.04)
Ø14.097
0
-0.432
(Ø0.555
0
-0.017
)
Ø9.525
0
-0.012
(Ø0.375
0
-0.0005
)
3.175
0
-0.051
(0.125
0
-0.002
)
Ø12.7
0
-0.012
(Ø0.5
0
-0.0005
)
4-Ø6.5±0.2
(4-Ø0.256±0.008)
Front endbell
Shaft
Magnet
Ball bearing
Stator Laminations
Spring Washer
Screw
Ball bearing
Rotor Laminations
Rotor Laminations
Winding Insulator
Rear Endbell
Stator Assembly
Winding Insulator
+ VDC
A CB D
2 phase step motor with
bipolar driver
A CB D
+ VDC
2 phase step motor with
unipolar driver
G
rR1
L
R2
Pules Rate
Pull out Torque
Pull in Torque
Slew Range
Maximum starting frequency point
Working frequency point
Maximum running frequency point
Torque
Start/stop region
F.
G.
B.
A.
D.
C.
E.
Tm
F
F0
TL
TJ
Tm
F1 F
F0
TL
TJ1
TJ0
Tm Tm0
Tm1
F1 F
ACBD
1
+-+-
2
-++-
3
-+-+
4
+--+
CW CCW
P hase 1 P hase 2
CW & CCW rotation when seen
from flange side of the motor.
STEP AOCBMD
1
-+ -+
2
+--+
3
+- +-
4
-+ +-
CW CCW
CW & CCW rotation w hen seen
from flange si de of the motor.
STEP
P hase 2P hase 1
Lead
Color Motor
Size Motor
Size
8, 11, 17 14,16
BLK 1 1
GRN 3 5
RED 4 7
BLU 6 11
Connect or Pi n #
A
C
B
D
A
O
C
B
M
D
Lead
Color Motor
Size Motor
Size
8, 11, 17 14,16
BLK 1 1
YEL 2 3
GRN 3 5
RED 4 7
WHT 5 9
BLU 6 11
Connect or Pi n #
AAA
O
CCC
BBB
M
DDD
Bipolar
Series Bipolar
Parallel Unipolar
Lead
Color
BLK 3
YEL 7
ORG 4
GRN 8
RED 6
WHT 2
BRN 5
BLU 1
Connector
Pi n #
A
A
C
C
B
B
D
D
Phase
ABC
1
+-
2
-+
3
-+
4
-+
5
+-
6
+-
CW CCW
CW & CCW rotation when seen
from flange side of the motor.
STEP
Lead
S ize 17 S ize 23 C o lor
A1 1 RED
B2 3 WHT
C3 7 GRN
Connect or Pi n #
Radial Loads
Axial Loads
Distance
from Mounting
