Most Highly Integrated, Highest
Performance, Lowest Power Crosspoint
Switch Reduces System Cost and Complexity
Built on three generations of industry-leading crosspoint
switches, the M21156, designed for today’s demanding
telecom and datacom applications, is a low-power CMOS,
high-speed 144x144 crosspoint switch with 144 independent
CDRs, and robust signal conditioning circuits for driving
and receiving high-speed signals through backplanes.
The device consumes as low as 17 W of power (typical)
with all channels and CDRs operational. In addition, the
PowerScaler™ features offer dynamically scalable switch
settings to further reduce power consumption. Unused
portions of the core can be automatically (SmartPower™)
or manually turned off, without effecting the operation
of the remaining channels.
Each input has a dedicated high-jitter tolerant, low-jitter
generation CDR with internal loop filter. All CDRs use a
common, single frequency reference clock (19.44 MHz) for
internal calibration and acquisition. Each CDR operates
independently at any data rate from 1.0 to 1.6 Gbps, or
2.0 to 3.2 Gbps.
The signal conditioning features of the M21156 include
per channel programmable input equalizer (IE) and output
pre-emphasis (PE) circuits. The IE removes ISI jitter, which
is usually caused by PCB skin effect losses. The IE circuit
opens the input data eye in applications where long PCB
traces and cables are used. There are four settings avail-
able for the input equalizer, allowing flexibility in adjusting
the equalization level on a per-channel basis.
The PE provides a boost of the high frequency content
of the output signal, such that the data eye remains open
after passing through a long interconnect of PCB traces
and cables. There are two amplitude settings and two
duration settings that can be selected on a global basis.
The device supports data rates from 0 to 3.2 Gbps on
each channel, allowing any combination of SONET, Fibre
Channel (1x, 2x, 10x), InfiniBand, Gigabit Ethernet and
parallel 10 Gbps Ethernet traffic. For applications that
do not require an integrated CDR, the M21151, 144x144
crosspoint switch with input equalization and
pre-emphasis can be used.
>Integrated per-channel
multi-rate CDRs, with bit
rates of 1.0-3.2 Gbps
>Programmable input
equalizer to remove
deterministic jitter (ISI)
>Programmable output pre-
emphasis for driving long
board traces and cables
>Performance exceeding SONET
requirements with 0.65 UI
jitter tolerance and 1.5 mUI
(rms) jitter generation
>Low power consumption of
17 W, nearly 60% power savings
compared to an equivalent
circuit with external CDRs
>PowerScaler™ for further
power reduction based on
system needs
>Built-in system test features
such as JitterMeter™ and
PRBS Tx/Rx
>Supports SONET, GbE, 10GbE,
Fibre Channel (1x, 2x, 10x) and
Infiniband applications
>Programmable input equaliza-
tion with CDR for random and
deterministic jitter reduction
>
>KEY FEATURES
144x144 3.2 Gbps Crosspoint Switch with Integrated CDRs,
Input Equalization & Pre-Emphasis
M21156
www.mindspeed.com/salesoffices
General Information: (949) 579-3000
Headquarters – Newport Beach
4000 MacArthur Blvd., East Tower
Newport Beach, CA 92660-3007
21156-BRF-001-A M02-0750
© 2003 Mindspeed Technologies™. All rights reserved. Mindspeed and the Mindspeed
logo are trademarks of Mindspeed Technologies. All other trademarks are the property
of their respective owners. Although Mindspeed Technologies strives for accuracy in all
its publications, this material may contain errors or omissions and is subject to change
without notice. This material is provided as is and without any express or implied
warranties, including merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-
infringement. Mindspeed Technologies shall not be liable for any special, indirect, inci-
dental or consequential damages as a result of its use.
Applications
• Large N x N cascaded switch
fabrics, up to 33 Terabits/second
• DWDM switches
• Fiber-optic telecom systems
(OC-48/OC-48 FEC)
• Telecom & datacom switches
• Storage area network (SAN)
switches (1x, 2x, and 10x
Fibre Channel)
• Infiniband switches
• 10 GbE parallel and
GbE networks
• Packet switching
• High-speed automated
test equipment
Product Features
RefClk
CDR
CDR
CDR
InP/N<0>
InP/N<1>
InP/N< 71>
xInDis
OutP/N<0>
OutP/N<1>
Ou tP/N< 71 >
xO utDis
DirxP/N<1>
PLL
CDR DiRx P/N<0>
Data
Clk
ClkRxP/N[0]
Perror<0>
PRBSRxErr[7:0]
PRBS Tx/Rx, Cell 0
xEnTx<0>
Trig<0>
DoTxP/N<0>
ClkTxP/N<0>
ClkTxRef<0> PLL
xRstRx<0>xEnRx<0>
223 - 1
PRBS RX
xSet
xEn Tx<1>
Trig<1>
DoTxP/N<1>
ClkTxP/N<1>
ClkTxRef<1>
ClkRxP/N<1>
Perror<1>
xEn Rx<1>
Data
Clk
PRBS Tx/Rx, Cell 1
xRstRx<1>
CDR
PRBS TX
223 - 1
223 - 1
PRBS RX
OutP/N< 71: 0>
OutP/N< 71: 0>
PCML Output
Buffer and
Programmable
Output
Pre-emphasis
144 x 144
Differential
Crosspoint
Core
PCML Input
Buffer and
Programmable
Input Equalizer
Active
Configuration
Latch (ACL)
Input
Configuration
Latch (ICL)
Parallel - Serial
Interface and
General
Registers
PRBSRxErr[7:0]
Switch State Write Bus
Ser/xPar
xRst
xTest
xCS
R/xW
D[7]/Do
D[6]/Di
D[5:0]
A[9:0]
xDS/SClk
Switch State Read Bus
PRBS TX
223 - 1
M21156 Block Diagram
