w WM8716
High Performance 24-bit, 192kHz Stereo DAC
WOLFSON MICROELECTRONICS plc
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Production Data, August 2008, Rev 4.2
©2008 Wolfson Microelectronics plc
DESCRIPTION
The WM8716 is a high performance stereo DAC designed
for audio applications such as CD, DVD, home theatre
systems, set top boxes and digital TV. The WM8716
supports data input word lengths from 16 to 24-bits and
sampling rates up to 192kHz. The WM8716 consists of a
serial interface port, digital interpolation filter, multi-bit sigma
delta modulator and stereo DAC in a small 28-lead SSOP
package. The WM8716 also includes a digitally controllable
mute and attenuator function on each channel.
The internal digital filter has two selectable roll-off
characteristics. A sharp or slow roll-off can be selected
dependent on application requirements. Additionally, the
internal digital filter can be by-passed and the WM8716
used with an external digital filter.
The WM8716 supports two connection schemes for audio
DAC control. The SPI-compatible serial control port
provides access to a wide range of features including on-
chip mute, attenuation and phase reversal. A hardware
controllable interface is also available.
FEATURES
• 112dB SNR (‘A’ weighted @ 48kHz), THD: -97dB @
-1dB FS
• Sampling frequency: 8kHz to 192kHz
• Selectable digital filter roll-off
• Optional interface to industry standard external filters
• Differential mono mode
• Input data word: 16 to 24-bit
• Hardware or SPI compatible serial port control modes:
− Hardware mode: mute, de-emphasis, audio format
control
− Serial mode: mute, de-emphasis, attenuation (256
steps), phase reversal
• Compatible upgrade to PCM1716
APPLICATIONS
• CD, DVD audio
• Home theatre systems
• Set top boxes
• Digital TV
BLOCK DIAGRAM
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................1
FEATURES.............................................................................................................1
APPLICATIONS .....................................................................................................1
BLOCK DIAGRAM .................................................................................................1
TABLE OF CONTENTS .........................................................................................2
PIN CONFIGURATION...........................................................................................3
ORDERING INFORMATION ..................................................................................3
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS.........................................................................4
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS .....................................................4
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ......................................................................5
TERMINOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 6
PIN DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................8
DEVICE DESCRIPTION.........................................................................................9
SYSTEM CLOCK .......................................................................................................... 9
AUDIO DATA INTERFACE ..................................................................................10
NORMAL SAMPLE RATE ........................................................................................... 10
8 X FS INPUT SAMPLE RATE .................................................................................... 11
MODES OF OPERATION ........................................................................................... 12
HARDWARE CONTROL MODES ............................................................................... 12
SOFTWARE CONTROL INTERFACE......................................................................... 13
REGISTER MAP ......................................................................................................... 13
MUTE MODES ............................................................................................................ 18
FILTER RESPONSES................................................................................................. 19
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION .........................................................................22
RECOMMENDED EXTERNAL COMPONENTS.......................................................... 22
RECOMMENDED EXTERNAL COMPONENTS VALUES ........................................... 22
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS ....................................................................................25
IMPORTANT NOTICE ..........................................................................................26
ADDRESS: .................................................................................................................. 26
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PIN CONFIGURATION
16
1514
20
19
18
17
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
13
12
11
8
9
10
BCKIN
VOUTR VOUTL
LRCIN
DIN
ZERO
MUTEB
MODE
RSTB
CSBIWO
MD/DM0
MC/DM1
ML/I2S
VMIDR VMIDL
XTI
XTO
CLKO
AGNDR AGNDL
AVDDR
DVDD
AVDDL
DGND
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
MODE8X
AGND
DIFFHW
AVDD
ORDERING INFORMATION
DEVICE TEMPERATURE
RANGE PACKAGE
MOISTURE
SENSITIVITY
LEVEL
PEAK SOLDERING
TEMPERATURE
WM8716SEDS/V -25 to +85°C 28-lead SSOP
(Pb- free) MSL2 260°C
WM8716SEDS/RV -25 to +85°C 28-lead SSOP
(Pb- free, tape and reel) MSL2 260°C
Note:
Reel quantity = 2,000
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Absolute Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Permanent damage to the device may be caused by continuously operating at
or beyond these limits. Device functional operating limits and guaranteed performance specifications are given under Electrical
Characteristics at the test conditions specified.
Wolfson tests its package types according to IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020B for Moisture Sensitivity to determine
acceptable storage conditions prior to surface mount assembly. These levels are:
MSL1 = unlimited floor life at <30°C / 85% Relative Humidity. Not normally stored in moisture barrier bag.
MSL2 = out of bag storage for 1 year at <30°C / 60% Relative Humidity. Supplied in moisture barrier bag.
MSL3 = out of bag storage for 168 hours at <30°C / 60% Relative Humidity. Supplied in moisture barrier bag.
CONDITION MIN MAX
Supply voltage -0.3V +7.0V
Reference input VDD + 0.3V
Operating temperature range, TA -25°C +85°C
Storage temperature -65°C +150°C
Voltage range digital inputs DGND -0.3V DVDD +0.3V
Master clock frequency 37MHz
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
Digital supply range DVDD -10% 3.3 to 5 +10% V
Analogue supply range AVDD -10% 3.3 to 5 +10% V
Ground AGND, DGND 0 V
Difference DGND to AGND -0.3 0 +0.3 V
Analogue supply current AVDD = 5V 26 40 mA
Digital supply current DVDD = 5V 22 35 mA
Analogue supply current AVDD = 3.3V 25 mA
Digital supply current DVDD = 3.3V 13 mA
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TEST CONDITIONS
AVDD, DVDD = 5V, AGND, DGND = 0V, TA = +25oC, fs = 48kHz, SCKI = 256fs unless otherwise stated.
PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
DAC Circuit Specifications
SNR (See Notes 1 and 2) 105 112 dB
THD (full-scale) 0dB FS -92 dB
(See Note 2) -1dB FS -97 dB
Dynamic range
(See Note 2)
THD @ -60dB FS 105 112 dB
Filter Characteristics (Sharp Roll-off)
Passband ±0.0012 dB 0.4535fs dB
Stopband -3dB 0.491fs
Passband ripple ±0.0012 dB
Stopband Attenuation f > 0.5465fs -82 dB
Delay time 30/fs s
Filter Characteristics (Slow Roll-off)
Passband ±0.001dB 0.274fs
Stopband -3dB 0.459fs
Passband ripple ±0.001 dB
Stopband Attenuation f > 0.732fs -82 dB
Delay time 9/fs s
Internal Analogue Filter
Bandwidth -3dB 195 kHz
Passband edge response 20kHz -0.043 dB
Digital Logic Levels
Input LOW level VIL 0.8
Input HIGH level
(See Note 3)
VIH 2.0 V
Output LOW level VOL I
OL = 2mA DGND + 0.3V V
Output HIGH level VOH I
OH = 2mA DVDD - 0.3V
Analogue Output Levels
Into 10kΩ, full scale 0dB,
(5V supply)
1.1
VRMS Output level
Into 10kΩ, full scale 0dB,
(3.3V supply)
0.72 VRMS
To midrail or AC coupled
(5V supply)
1 kΩ Minimum resistance load
To midrail or AC coupled
(3.3V supply)
600 Ω
Maximum capacitance load 5V or 3.3V 100 pF
Output DC level AVDD/2 V
Gain mismatch channel to
channel
0.5 2 %FSR
Reference Levels
Potential divider resistance AVDD to VMIDL/VMIDR and
VMIDL/VMIDR to AGND
10 kΩ
Voltage at VMIDL/VMIDR AVSS/2
POR
POR threshold 2.5V V
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Notes:
1. Ratio of output level with 1kHz full scale input, to the output level with all zeros into the digital input, measured ‘A’
weighted over a 20Hz to 20kHz bandwidth.
2. All performance measurements done with 20kHz low pass filter. Failure to use such a filter will result in higher THD+N
and lower SNR and Dynamic Range readings than are found in the Electrical Characteristics. The low pass filter
removes out of band noise; although it is not audible it may affect dynamic specification values.
3. Except for Pin 12 (MODE8X) and Pin 17 (DIFFHW), where VIH = 2.6V min.
TERMINOLOGY
1. Signal-to-noise ratio (dB) (SNR) is a measure of the difference in level between the full-scale output and the output
with no signal applied.
2. Dynamic range (dB) (DNR) is a measure of the difference between the highest and lowest portions of a signal.
Normally a THD+N measurement at 60dB below full scale. The measured signal is then corrected by adding the 60dB
to it. (eg THD+N @ -60dB= -32dB, DR= 92dB).
3. THD+N (dB) is a ratio of the r.m.s. values, of (Noise + Distortion)/Signal.
4. Stop band attenuation (dB) is the degree to which the frequency spectrum is attenuated (outside audio band).
5. Channel Separation (dB) (also known as Cross-Talk) is a measure of the amount one channel is isolated from the
other. Normally measured by sending a full-scale signal down one channel and measuring the other.
6. Pass-Band Ripple - Any variation of the frequency response in the pass-band region.
BCKIN
DIN
LRCIN
t
BCH
t
BCL
t
BL
t
LB
t
BCY
t
DS
t
DH
Figure 1 Audio Data Input Timing
TEST CONDITIONS
AVDD, DVDD = 5V, AGND, DGND = 0V, TA = +25oC, fs = 48kHz, SCKI = 256fs unless otherwise stated.
PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
Audio Data Input Timing Information
BCKIN pulse cycle time tBCY 100 ns
BCKIN pulse width high tBCH 50 ns
BCKIN pulse width low tBCL 50 ns
BCKIN rising edge
to LRCIN edge
tBL 30 ns
LRCIN rising edge
to BCKIN rising edge
tLB 30 ns
DIN setup time tDS 30 ns
DIN hold time tDH 30 ns
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SCKI
t
SCKIL
t
SCKIH
Figure 2 System Clock Timing Requirements
TEST CONDITIONS
AVDD, DVDD = 5V, AGND, DGND = 0V, TA = +25oC, fs = 48kHz, SCKI = 256fs unless otherwise stated.
PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
System Clock Timing Information
SCKI System clock pulse width high tSCKIH 13 ns
SCKI System clock pulse width low tSCKIL 13 ns
ML/I2S (PIN 28)
MC/DM1 (PIN 27)
MD/DM0 (PIN 26)
CSBIWO (PIN 23)
t
MLL
t
MHH
t
MLH
t
MCY
t
MCH
t
MCL
t
MDS
t
MDH
t
CSML
t
MLCS
LSB
t
MLS
Figure 3 Program Register Input Timing
TEST CONDITIONS
AVDD, DVDD = 5V, AGND, DGND = 0V, TA = +25oC, fs = 48kHz, SCKI = 256fs unless otherwise stated.
PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
Program Register Input Information
MC/DM1 Pulse cycle time tMCY 100 ns
MC/DM1 Pulse width LOW tMCL 40 ns
MC/DM1 Pulse width HIGH tMCH 40 ns
MD/DM0 Hold time tMDH 40 ns
MD/DM0 Set-up time tMDS 40 ns
ML/I2S Low level time
(See Note 3)
tMLL 40 +
1SYSCLK
ns
ML/I2S High level time
(See Note 3)
tMHH 40 +
1SYSCLK
ns
ML/I2S Hold time tMLH 40 ns
ML/I2S Set-up time tMLS 40 ns
CSBIWO Low to ML/I2S low time tCSML 10 ns
ML/I2S High to CSBIWO high time tMLCS 10 ns
Note:
3. System clock cycle.
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PIN DESCRIPTION
PIN NAME TYPE DESCRIPTION
Hardware Mode
Normal Mode Differential Mode 8X Mode
Software
Mode
1 LRCIN Digital input Sample rate clock input.
2 DIN Digital input
Audio data serial input DINL Audio data
serial input
3 BCKIN Digital input Audio data bit clock input.
4 CLKO Digital output
Oscillator buffered output (system clock).
5 XTI Analogue input
Oscillator input.
6 XTO Analogue output
Oscillator output.
7 DGND Supply Digital ground supply.
8 DVDD Supply Digital positive supply.
9 AVDDR Supply Analogue positive supply.
10 AGNDR Supply Analogue ground supply.
11 VMIDR Analogue output
Mid rail right channel.
12 MODE8X Digital input Internal pull-down, active high, 8 x fs mode.
13 VOUTR Analogue output
Right channel DAC output.
14 AGND Supply Analogue ground supply.
15 AVDD Supply Analogue positive supply.
16 VOUTL Analogue output
Left channel DAC output.
17 DIFFHW Digital input Internal pull-down, active high, differential mono mode
18 VMIDL Analogue output
Mid rail left channel.
19 AGNDL Supply Analogue ground supply.
20 AVDDL Supply Analogue positive supply.
21 ZERO Digital output Infinite zero detect – active low. Open drain type output with active pull-down.
22 RSTB Digital input Reset input – active low. Internal pull-up.
23 CSBIWO Digital input
Internal pull-down
Wordlength:
Low for 16-bit data.
High for 20-bit
(normal) or 24-bit
I2S data.
Wordlength:
Low for 16-bit data.
High for 20-bit
(normal) or 24-bit
I2S data.
Wordlength:
Low for 20-bit data.
High for 24-bit data.
Low for
serial
interface
operation.
24 MODE Digital input
Internal pull-up
Low for hardware
mode.
Low for left
mono mode. High for
right mono mode
DINR High for
software
mode.
25 MUTEB Digital input
Internal pull-up
Low to soft mute.
High for normal
operation.
Z for automute.
Low to soft mute.
High for normal
operation.
Z for automute.
Low to soft mute.
High for normal
operation.
Z for automute.
Low to soft
mute.
High for
normal
operation.
Z for
automute.
26 MD/DM0 Digital input
Internal pull-up
De-emphasis mode
select bit 0.
Low for no
de-emphasis.
High for 44.1kHz
de-emphasis.
LRP – LRCLK
polarity select.
Control serial
interface
data signal.
27 MC/DM1 Digital input
Internal pull-up
De-emphasis mode
select bit 1.
Low for normal filter
operation.
High for filter slow
roll-off.
Unused.
Leave unconnected.
Control serial
interface
clock signal.
28 ML/I2S Digital input
Internal pull-up
Audio serial format:
Low – right justified.
High – I2S.
Audio serial format:
Low – right justified.
High – I2S.
Input data format:
Low – right justified.
High – left justified.
Control serial
interface
load signal.
Note: Digital input pins have Schmitt trigger input buffers except Pin 12 and Pin 17.
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DEVICE DESCRIPTION
The WM8716 is a high performance 128fs oversampling rate stereo DAC employing a novel 64 level
sigma delta DAC design which provides optimised signal-to-noise performance and clock jitter
tolerance. It is ideally suited to high quality audio applications such as CD, DVD-audio, home theatre
receivers and professional mixing consoles. The WM8716 supports sample rates from 8ks/s to
192ks/s.
The control functions of the WM8716 are either pin selected (hardware mode) or programmed via the
serial interface (software mode). Control functions that are available include: data input word length
and format selection (16-24 bits: I2S, left justified or right justified): de-emphasis sample rate
selection (48kHz, 44.1kHz and 32kHz); differential output modes; a software or hardware mute and
independently digitally controllable attenuation on both channels.
The digital filtering may be bypassed entirely by selecting MODE8X. Data is then input directly to the
DAC, bypassing the digital filters. Left and right channels are input separately, using the MODE pin
as the right channel input. This mode allows the use of alternative digital filters, such as the Pacific
Microsonics PMD100 HDCD filter.
In addition to the normal stereo operating mode the WM8716 may also be used in dual differential
mode with either the left or right channel (selectable) being output differentially. Two WM8716s can
then be used in parallel to implement a stereo channel, each supporting a single channel
differentially. This mode is available in both software and hardware modes and may also be used in
conjunction with MODE8X.
SYSTEM CLOCK
Sample rates from 8ks/s up to 96ks/s are available, and automatically selected, with a system clock
of 256fs, 384fs, 512fs or 768fs. In addition a system clock of 128fs or 192fs may be used, with
sample rates up to 192ks/s. With a 128fs or 192fs system clock 64x oversampling mode operation is
automatically selected and the first stage of the digital filter is bypassed.
WM8716 has an asynchronous monitor circuit, which in the event of removal of the master system
clock, resets the digital filters and analogue circuits, muting the output. Re-application of the system
clock re-starts the filters from an intitialised state. Control registers are not reset under this condition.
The WM8716 is tolerant of asynchronous bit clock jitter. The internal signal processing
resynchronises to the external LRCIN once the phase difference between bit clock and the system
clock exceeds half an LRCIN period. During this re-synch period the interpolating filters will either
miss or repeat an audio sample, minimising the audible effects of the operation. Table 1 shows the
typical system clock frequency inputs for the WM8716.
SYSTEM CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHZ)
SAMPLING
RATE
(LRCIN) 128fs 192fs 256fs 384fs 512fs 768fs
32kHz 4.096 6.144 8.192 12.288 16.384 24.576
44.1kHz 5.6448 8.467 11.2896 16.9340 22.5792 33.8688
48kHz 6.114 9.216 12.288 18.432 24.576 36.864
96kHz 12.288 18.432 24.576 36.864 Unavailable Unavailable
192kHz 24.576 36.864 Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable Unavailable
Table 1 System Clock Frequencies Versus Sampling Rate
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AUDIO DATA INTERFACE
Data may be input at a rate corresponding to the system clock having a rate of 256fs or 384fs or
512fs or 768fs, in which case an oversampling ratio of 128x is selected. Alternatively a rate of 128fs
or 192fs may be used, in which case the first filter stage is bypassed and an oversampling ratio of
64x results. Finally, in MODE8X, data may be input at 8x the normal rate, in which case separate
input pins are used to input the two stereo channels of data (unless DIFFHW mode and MODE8X
are both selected, in which case only a mono channel is converted differentially). In MODE8X all filter
stages are by-passed, prior to the sigma delta modulator. Data is input MSB first in all modes.
NORMAL SAMPLE RATE
In normal mode, the data is input serially on one pin for both left and right channels.
Data can be “right justified” meaning that the last 16, 20 or 24 bits (depending on chosen PCM word
length) that were clocked in prior to the transition on LRCIN are valid.
Alternatively data can be “left justified” (20 and 24-bit PCM data only), where the bits are clocked in
as the first 20 or 24 bits after a transition on LRCIN.
For the three I2S modes supported (16-bit, 20-bit and 24-bit PCM data), data is clocked “left justified”
except with one additional preceding clock cycle.
LRCIN (PIN 1)
16-BIT RIGHT
JUSTIFIED
DIN (PIN 2)
20-BIT RIGHT
JUSTIFIED
DIN (PIN 2)
24-BIT RIGHT
JUSTIFIED
DIN (PIN 2)
24-BIT LEFT
JUSTIFIED
DIN (PIN 2)
20-BIT LEFT
JUSTIFIED
DIN (PIN 2)
BCKIN (PIN 3)
B2 B1 B0
B2 B1 B0
B2 B1 B0
B0
B0
B23 B22 B21
B19 B18 B17
B23 B22 B21 B20 B19
B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
B0
B19 B18 B17
B15 B2 B1 B0
B2 B1 B0
B2 B1 B0
B23 B22 B21
B19 B18 B17 B0
B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
B23 B22 B21 B20 B19
B19 B18 B17
B15 B2 B1 B0
B2 B1 B0
B2 B1 B0
RIGHTLEFT
1/fs
LRCIN (PIN 1)
16-BIT I
2
S
DIN (PIN 2)
24-BIT I
2
S
DIN (PIN 2)
20-BIT I
2
S
DIN (PIN 2)
BCKIN (PIN 3)
B2 B1 B0
B0
B2 B1 B0
B3 B2 B1
RIGHTLEFT
B15
B23
B19
B6 B5 B4
B2 B1 B0
B3 B2 B1
B15
B23
B19
B6 B5 B4 B0
B2 B1 B0
B23
B19
B15
Figure 4 Audio Data Input Format
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8 X FS INPUT SAMPLE RATE
Due to the higher speed of the interface in 8 x fs mode, audio data is input on two pins. The MODE
pin (pin 24) is used as the second input for the right channel data and left data is input on DIN (pin 2).
In this mode, software control of the device is not available. The data can be input in two formats, left
or right justified, selectable by ML/I2S and two word lengths (20 or 24 bit), selectable by CSBIWO. In
both modes the data is always clocked in MSB first.
For left justified data the word start is marked by the falling edge of LRCIN. The data is clocked in on
the next 20/24 BCKIN rising edges. This format is compatible with devices such as the PMD100.
For right justified the data is justified to the rising edge of LRCIN and the data is clocked in on the
preceding 20/24 BCKIN rising edges before the LRCIN rising edge. This format is compatible with
devices such as the DF1704 or SM5842.
In both modes the polarity of LRCIN can be switched using MD/DM0.
Differential hardware mode can be used in conjunction with 8fs mode by setting the DIFFHW
pin high. In differential 8fs mode the data is input on DIN and output differentially. MODE is unused
and must be tied low.
LRCIN (PIN 1)
LEFT AUDIO
DATA DIN
(PIN 2)
RIGHT AUDIO
DATA MODE
(PIN 24)
BCKIN (PIN 3)
1/8fs
B19B22B23 B20B21 B2 B1 B0 B23 B22 B21 B20
B19B22B23 B20B21 B2 B1 B0 B23 B22 B21 B20
LRCIN (PIN 1)
LEFT AUDIO
DATA DIN
(PIN 2)
RIGHT AUDIO
DATA MODE
(PIN 24)
BCKIN (PIN 3)
1/8fs
B19B22B23 B20B21 B2 B1 B0
B19B22B23 B20B21 B2 B1 B0
Figure 5 Audio Data Input Format (8 x fs Operation)
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MODES OF OPERATION
Control of the various modes of operation is either by software control over the serial interface, or
by hard-wired pin control. Selection of software or hardware mode is via MODE pin. The following
functions may be controlled either via the serial control interface or by hard wiring of the
appropriate pins.
HARDWARE CONTROL MODES
When the MODE pin is held ‘low’ the following hardware modes of operation are available. In
Hardware differential mode or 8X mode some of these modes/control words are altered or
unavailable.
DE-EMPHASIS CONTROL
MDDM1
PIN 27
MCDMO
PIN 26
DE-EMPHASIS
L L Off
L H 48kHz
H L 44.1kHz
H H 32kHz
Table 2 De-Emphasis Control
AUDIO INPUT FORMAT
CSBIIS
PIN 28
CSBIWO
PIN 23
DATA FORMAT
L L 16 bit normal right justified
L H 20 bit normal right justified
H L 16 bit I2S
H H 24 bit I2S
Table 3 Audio Input Format
SOFT MUTE
MUTEB
PIN 25
FUNCTION
L Mute On (no output)
Z Automute
H Mute Off (normal operation)
Table 4 Soft Mute
A logic low on the MUTEB pin will cause the attenuation to ramp to infinite attenuation at a rate of
128/fs seconds per 0.5dB step. Setting MUTEB high will cause the attenuation to ramp back to its
previous value.
Leaving MUTEB undriven allows operation of the automute circuit in both hardware and software
modes. On receiving 1024 consecutive zero value audio samples, the analogue stage output mute is
asserted. This may be overdriven from the MUTEB pin to disable the automute function, or output as
a weak (10kohm) output signal.
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SOFTWARE CONTROL INTERFACE
The WM8716 can be controlled using a 3-wire serial interface. MD/DM0 (pin 26) is used for the
program data, MC/DM1 (pin 22) is used to clock in the program data and ML/I2S (pin 28) is use to
latch in the program data. The 3-wire interface protocol is shown in Figure 6. CSB/IWO (pin 23) must
be low when writing.
ML/I2S (PIN 28)
MC/DM1 (PIN 27)
MD/DM0 (PIN 26)
B15 B14 B13 B2 B1 B0
Figure 6 Three-Wire Serial Interface
REGISTER MAP
WM8716 controls the special functions using 4 program registers, which are 16-bits long. These
registers are all loaded through input pin MD/DM0. After the 16 data bits are clocked in, ML/I2S is
used to latch in the data to the appropriate register. Table 5 shows the complete mapping of the
4 registers. Note that in hardware differential mode and 8X modes, software control is not available.
The hardware differential mode (Diff[1:0]) clock loss detector disable (CDD) can only be accessed by
writing to M2[8:5] with the pattern 1111. Register M4 is then accessible by setting A[2:0] to 110.
B15 B14 B13 B12 B11 B10 B9 B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
M0 - - - - A2 (0) A1(0) A0(0) LDL AL7 AL6 AL5 AL4 AL3 AL2 AL1 AL0
M1 - - - - A2(0) A1(0) A0(1) LDR AR7 AR6 AR5 AR4 AR3 AR2 AR1 AR0
M2 - - - - A2(0) A1(1) A0(0) - - - - IW1 IW0 OPE DEM MUT
M3 - - - - A2(0) A1(1) A0(1) IZD SF1 SF0 CK0 REV SR0 ATC LRP I2S
M4 - - - - A2(1) A1(1) A0(0) - - CDD DIFF1 DIFF0 - - - -
Table 5 Mapping of Program Registers
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REGISTER BITS NAME DEFAULT DESCRIPTION
[7:0] AL[7:0] FF Attenuation data for left channel.
0
8 LDL 0 Attenuation data load control for left channel.
[7:0] AR[7:0] FF Attenuation data for right channel.
1
8 LDR 0 Attenuation data load control for right channel.
0 MUT 0 Left and right DACs soft mute control.
1 DEM 0 De-emphasis control.
2 OPE 0 Left and right DACs operation control.
2
[4:3] IW[1:0] 0 Input audio data bit select.
0 I2S 0 Audio data format select.
1 LRP 0 Polarity of LRCIN select.
2 ATC 0 Attenuator control.
3 SR0 0 Digital filter slow roll-off select.
4 REV 0 Output phase reverse.
5 CKO 0 CLKO frequency select.
[7:6] SF[1:0] 0 Sampling rate select.
3
8 IZD 0 Infinite zero detection circuit control.
[5:4] DIFF 0 Differential output mode.
4
6 CDD 0 Clock loss detector disable.
Table 6 Register Bit Descriptions
DAC OUTPUT ATTENUATION
The level of attenuation for eight bit code X, is given by:
0.5 ∗ (X - 255) dB, 1 ≤ X ≤ 255
- ∞dB (mute), X = 0
Bit 8 in register 0 (LDL) is used to control the loading of attenuation data in B[7:0]. When LDL is set
to 0, attenuation data will be loaded into AL[7:0], but it will not affect the filter attenuation. LDR in
register 1 has the same function for right channel attenuation. Only when LDL or LDR is set to '1' will
the filter attenuation be updated. This permits left and right channel attenuation to be updated
simultaneously.
Attenuation level is controlled by AL[7:0] (left channel) or AR[7:0] (right channel). Attenuation levels
are given in Table 4.
X[7:0] ATTENUATION LEVEL
00(hex) - ∞dB (mute)
01(hex) -127.0dB
: :
: :
FD(hex) -1.0dB
FE(hex) -0.5dB
FF(hex) 0.0dB
Table 7 Attenuation Control Level
Bit 2 in Reg3 is used to control the attenuator (ATC). When ATC is “high”, the attenuation data
loaded in program register 0 is used for both the left and the right channels. When ATC is low, the
attenuation data for each register is applied separately to left and right channels.
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SOFT MUTE
MUT
(REG2, B0)
L Soft Mute off (normal operation)
H Soft Mute on (no output)
Table 8 Soft Mute
Setting MUT causes the attenuation to ramp from the current value down to 00. The values held in
the attenuation registers are unchanged. When MUT is reset the attenuation will ramp back up to the
previous value. The ramp rate is 128/fs s/0.5dB step.
DIGITAL DE-EMPHASIS
DEM
(REG2, B1)
L De-emphasis off
H De-emphasis on
Table 9 Digital De-Emphasis
DAC OPERATION ENABLE
OPE
(REG2,B2)
L Normal operation
H DAC output forced to bipolar zero,
irrespective of input data.
Table 10 DAC Operation Enable
AUDIO DATA INPUT FORMAT
I2S
(REG3, B0)
IW1
(REG2, B4)
IW0
(REG2, B3)
AUDIO INTERFACE
0 0 0
16-bit standard right justified
0 0 1 20-bit standard right justified
0 1 0
24-bit standard right justified
0 1 1
24-bit left justified (MSB first)
1 0 0
16-bit I2S
1 0 1 24-bit I2S
1 1 0
20-bit I2S
1 1 1
20-bit left justified (MSB first)
Table 11 Audio Data Input Format
POLARITY OF LR INPUT CLOCK
The left channel data for a particular sample instant is always input first, then the right channel data.
LRP
(REG3, B1)
L LR High – left channel
LR Low – right channel
H LR Low – left channel
LR High – right channel
Table 12 Polarity of LR Input Clock
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INDIVIDUAL OR COMMON ATTENUTATION CONTROL
ATC
(REG3, B2)
L Individual control
H Common control from Reg0
Table 13 Individual or Common Attenuation Control
DIGITAL FILTER ROLL-OFF SELECTION
SRO
(REG3, B3)
L Sharp
H Slow
Table 14 Digital Filter Roll-Off Selection
ANALOGUE OUTPUT POLARITY REVERSAL
REV
(REG3, B4)
L Normal
H Inverted
Table 15 Analogue Output Polarity Reversal
CLKO OUTPUT FREQUENCY
CKO
(REG3, B5)
L XTI
H XTI/2
Table 16 CLKO Output Frequency
DE-EMPHASIS SAMPLE RATE
SF1
(REG3, B7)
SF0
(REG3, B6)
SAMPLE RATE
0 0 No de-emphasis
0 1 48kHz
1 0 44.1kHz
1 1 32kHz
Table 17 De-Emphasis Sample Rate
INFINITE ZERO DETECT
IZD
(REG3, B8)
L Zero detect mute off
H Zero detect mute on
Table 18 Infinite Zero Detect
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DIFFERENTIAL MONO MODE
Using bits 4 and 5, the differential output mode may be selected to be one of normal stereo, reversed
stereo, mono left or mono right, as shown in Table 19.
DIFF[1:0]
B[4:5])
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT MODE
00 Stereo
01 Stereo reverse.
10 Mono left – differential outputs.
VOUTL is left channel.
VOUTR is the negative of left channel.
11 Mono right – differential outputs.
VOUTL is the negative right channel.
VOUTR is right channel.
Table 19 Differential Output Modes
Using these controls a pair of WM8716 devices may be used to build a ‘dual differential’ stereo
implementation with higher performance and differential output.
CLOCK LOSS DETECTOR DISABLE
CDD (REG4, B6)
L Clock loss detector on
R Clock loss detector off
Table 20 Clock Loss Detector Disable
When the system clock is inactive for approximately 100µs, the clock loss detector circuit detects the
loss of clock and the analogue circuitry is forced into a mute condition and the digital filters reset.
Setting the CDD bit disables this behaviour.
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MUTE MODES
The device has various mute modes.
ANALOGUE
DIGITAL FILTER
ANRES ANMUTE
Reg bit OPE = ‘1’ Unaffected Asserted
MUTEB pin Gain ramped to zero
On release volume ramps
to previous value
Asserted when
gain = 0
AUTOMUTE
(detect 1024 zero
input samples)
Automute has no effect on digital
filters
Asserted after
1024 zero input
samples if IZD = 1
Reg bit MUT As MUTEB pin As MUTEB pin
Gain = 00
(left & right)
Gain = -∞dB Asserted
RAM initialise Gain initialised to 0dB Asserted
Loss of system
clock
Not running (no clock). On clock
restart, filters initialised, RAM
initialised. Registers unchanged
Asserted Asserted
No LRCLK or invalid
SCLK/LRCLK ratio
Filters initialised, RAM initialised.
Registers unchanged
Asserted Asserted
RB Reset – gain initialised to 0dB Asserted Asserted
Power-on reset Reset Asserted Asserted
Table 21 Mute Modes
• ANRES is the reset to the switched capacitor filter.
• ANMUTE is an analogue muting signal gating the analogue signal at the output (after the
SC filter)
• AUTOMUTE is asserted when both the IZD register bit is asserted and the input audio data has
been zero on both left and right channels for 1024 input samples. The first non-zero sample de-
asserts.
• Applying a logic low to MUTEB or setting MUT in Reg2 causes the gain registers to ramp to zero.
When a logic high is applied, the gain ramps slowly back up to the value held in the appropriate
attenuation register (AL or AR). The ramp rate = 128/fs s/0.5dB step.
If SOFTMUTE is set or
MUTEB=0 then GAINL and
GAINR are overridden to 00
MUTEB
GAINL[0:7]
GAINR[0:7]
ANMUTE
SOFTMUTE
gain ramps between
previous and new gain
setting
Signal
Processing
IZD
ZERO
OPE
FREQ_INVALID
INIT
Automute:
Detect 1024
zero input
samples
Figure 7 Mute Modes
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FILTER RESPONSES
Figure 8 Digital Filter Response (Sharp Roll-off Mode) Figure 9 Digital Filter Response (Sharp Roll-off Mode)
Figure 10 Digital Filter Response (Slow Roll-off Mode) Figure 11 Digital Filter Response (Slow Roll-off Mode)
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Response (dB)
Frequency (Fs)
Figure 12 Digital Filter Response 128fs Mode (192kHz
Sample Rate) Normal Mode – Solid, Slow Mode – Dashed
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-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Impulse Response
Time (input samples)
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Impulse Response
Time (input samples)
Figure 13 Impulse Response (Normal Roll-off,
no De-emphasis)
Figure 14 Impulse Response (Slow Roll-off,
no De-emphasis)
-10.0
-9. 0
-8. 0
-7. 0
-6. 0
-5. 0
-4. 0
-3. 0
-2. 0
-1. 0
0.0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000
Frequency (Fs)
Response (dB)
-10.0
-9. 0
-8. 0
-7. 0
-6. 0
-5. 0
-4. 0
-3. 0
-2. 0
-1. 0
0.0
0 5000 10000 15000 20000
Frequency (Fs)
Response (dB)
Figure 15 De-emphasis frequency response (fs=32kHz) Figure 15 De-emphasis frequency response (fs=44.1kHz)
-10.0
-9. 0
-8. 0
-7. 0
-6. 0
-5. 0
-4. 0
-3. 0
-2. 0
-1. 0
0.0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
Frequency (Fs)
Response (dB)
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000
Frequency (Fs)
Response (dB)
Figure 16 De-emphasis frequency response (fs=48kHz) Figure 17 De-emphasis frequency response error
(fs=32kHz)
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-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
Frequency (Fs)
Response (dB)
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
Frequency (Fs)
Response (dB)
Figure 18 De-emphasis frequency response error
(fs=44.1kHz)
Figure 19 De-emphasis frequency response error
(fs=48kHz)
WM8716 Production Data
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APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
RECOMMENDED EXTERNAL COMPONENTS
28
DVDD
DGND
ML/I2S
AGND
AVDDL
AVDD
11
CLKO
VMIDR
C
11
C
10
C
9
AGND
8
7
Software I/F or
Hardware Control
WM8716
NOTES: 1. AGND and DGND should be connected as close to the WM8716 as possible.
2. C
2
to C
5
, C
9
and C
11
should be positioned as close to the WM8716 as possible.
3. Capacitor type used can have a big effect on device performance. It is
recommended that capacitors with very low ESR are used and that ceramics
are either NPO or COG type material to achieve best performance from the
WM8716.
AVDDR
AGNDR
AGNDL
C
3
C
4
C
5
C
6
AGND
C
2
DVDD
C
1
27 MC/DM1
26 MD/DM0
23 CSB/IWO
22 RSTB VOUTR
16
C
7
VOUTL
C
8
AC-Coupled Output
to External LPF
12 MODE8X
17 DIFFHW
13
21
ZERO
AVDD
AVDD
R
1
18
VMIDL C
12
XTI Buffered Output
1LRCIN
2DIN
3BCKIN
5XTI
6XTO
Audio Serial Data I/F
System Clock Input or
Oscillator Input/Output
DGND
+
+
+ +
+
+
15
9
20
14
10
19
4
24 MODE
25 MUTEB
Figure 20 External Components Diagram
RECOMMENDED EXTERNAL COMPONENTS VALUES
COMPONENT
REFERENCE
SUGGESTED
VALUE
DESCRIPTION
C1 and C6 10µF De-coupling for DVDD and AVDD.
C2 to C5 0.1µF De-coupling for DVDD and AVDD.
C7 and C8 10µF Output AC coupling caps to remove VMID DC level from outputs.
C9 and C11 0.1µF
C10 and C12 10µF
Reference de-coupling capacitors for VMIDR and VMIDL.
R1 10kΩ Resistor to AVDD for open drain output operation.
Table 22 External Components Description
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LPF
28
DVDD
DGND
ML/I2S
AGND
AVDDL
AVDD
11
VMIDR
8
7
WM8716
AVDDR
AGNDR
AGNDL
27 MC/DM1
26 MD/DM0
23 CSB/IWO
VOUTR
16
VOUTL
24 MODE
25 MUTEB
13
21
ZERO
AVDD
18
VMIDL
1LRCIN
2DIN
3BCKIN
5XTI
6XTO
15
9
20
14
10
19
+
-
RIGHT
OUTPUT
DATA
4CLKO
22 RSTB
DVDD
DVDD
LPF
28
DVDD
DGND
ML/I2S
AGND
AVDDL
AVDD
11
VMIDR
8
7
WM8716
AVDDR
AGNDR
AGNDL
27 MC/DM1
26 MD/DM0
23 CSB/IWO
VOUTR
16
VOUTL
24 MODE
25 MUTEB
13
21
ZERO
AVDD
18
VMIDL
1LRCIN
2DIN
3BCKIN
5XTI
6XTO
15
9
20
14
10
19
+
-
LEFT
OUTPUT
DATA
4CLKO
22 RSTB
DVDD
DVDD
AUDIO
SERIAL
DATA
LRCIN
DIN
BCKIN
SCKI
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
LEFT DAC
RIGHT DAC
12
MODE8X
17
DIFFHW
AVDD
12
MODE8X
17
DIFFHW
AVDD
Hardware
Control
NOTE: 1. MODE selects left/right data. High for right, Low for left.
Figure 21 Example of 2 WM8716 Stereo DACs Configured in Hardware Differential Mode to Provide an Optimum
Performance Stereo Output
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MODE8X
ML/I2S
WM8716
NOTES: 1. ML/I2S selects left or right justified inputs.
2. MD/DM0 selects LRCLK polarity.
3. CSBIWO selects 20 or 24-bit data.
+VDD
MUTEB
VOUTL
XTI
CSB/IWO
MD/DM0
LRCIN
BCKIN
DIN
Serial Interface Data
MODE
WCKO
BCKO
DOL
DOR
PMD-100
XTI
LRCI
BCKI
DIN
PROG
(STAND ALONE
MODE)
SCKI
LRCIN
BCKIN
DIN
+VDD
VOUTR
Figure 22 Example of WM8716 in MODE8X Operation
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PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
NOTES:
A. ALL LINEAR DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.
B. THIS DRAWING IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.
C. BODY DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSION, NOT TO EXCEED 0.20MM.
D. MEETS JEDEC.95 MO-150, VARIATION = AH. REFER TO THIS SPECIFICATION FOR FURTHER DETAILS.
DM007.EDS: 28 PIN SSOP (10.2 x 5.3 x 1.75 mm)
Symbols
Dimensions
(mm)
MIN NOM MAX
A----- ----- 2.0
A10.05 ----- 0.25
A21.65 1.75 1.85
b0.22 0.30 0.38
c0.09 ----- 0.25
D9.90 10.20 10.50
e
E7.40 7.80 8.20
5.00 5.30 5.60
L0.55 0.75 0.95
θ
AA2 A1
14
1
15
28
E1 E
Θ
cL
GAUGE
PLANE
0.25
e
b
D
SEATING PLANE
-C-
0.10 C
REF: JEDEC.95, MO-150
E1
L11.25 REF
0.65 BSC
L1
0o4o8o
WM8716 Production Data
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IMPORTANT NOTICE
Wolfson Microelectronics plc (“Wolfson”) products and services are sold subject to Wolfson’s terms and conditions of sale,
delivery and payment supplied at the time of order acknowledgement.
Wolfson warrants performance of its products to the specifications in effect at the date of shipment. Wolfson reserves the
right to make changes to its products and specifications or to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers
should therefore obtain the latest version of relevant information from Wolfson to verify that the information is current.
Testing and other quality control techniques are utilised to the extent Wolfson deems necessary to support its warranty.
Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily performed unless required by law or regulation.
In order to minimise risks associated with customer applications, the customer must use adequate design and operating
safeguards to minimise inherent or procedural hazards. Wolfson is not liable for applications assistance or customer
product design. The customer is solely responsible for its selection and use of Wolfson products. Wolfson is not liable for
such selection or use nor for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Wolfson product.
Wolfson’s products are not intended for use in life support systems, appliances, nuclear systems or systems where
malfunction can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage.
Any use of products by the customer for such purposes is at the customer’s own risk.
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