MIC2563A Micrel MIC2563A Dual-Slot PCMCIA/CardBus Power Controller General Description Features The MIC2563A dual-slot PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) and CardBus power controller handles all PC Card slot power supply pins, both VCC and VPP. The MIC2563A switches between the three VCC voltages (0V, 3.3V and 5.0V) and the VPP voltages (OFF, 0V, 3.3V, 5V or 12.0V) required by PC Cards. The MIC2563A switches voltages from the system power supply to VCC and VPP. Output voltage is selected by two digital inputs each and output current ranges up to 1A for VCC and 250mA for VPP. * * The MIC2563A provides power management capability controlled by the PC Card logic controller. Voltage rise and fall times are well controlled. Medium current VPP and high current VCC output switches are self-biasing: no +12V supply is required for 3.3V or 5V output. * * * * * * * * * * * * The MIC2563A is designed for efficient operation. In standby (sleep) mode, the device draws very little quiescent current, typically 0.3A. The device and PCMCIA port is protected by current limiting and overtemperature shutdown. Full crossconduction lockout protects the system power supplies during switching operations. Single package controls two PC Card slots High-efficiency, low-resistance switches require no 12V bias supply No external components required Output current limit and overtemperature shutdown Ultra-low power consumption Complete dual-slot PC Card/CardBus VCC and VPP switch matrix in a single package Logic compatible with industry standard PC Card logic controllers No voltage shoot-through or switching transients Break-before-make switching Digital selection of VCC and VPP voltages Over 1A VCC output current for each section Over 250mA VPP output current for each section Lead-free 28-pin SSOP package UL recognized, file #179633 Applications * * * * * * * * * * The MIC2563A is an improved version of the MIC2563, offering lower on-resistances and a VCC pull-down clamp in the OFF mode. It is available in a standard 28-pin SSOP, as well as an environmentally friendly (lead-free) 28-pin SSOP. All support documentation can be found on Micrel's web site at www.micrel.com. Dual-slot PC card power supply pin voltage switch CardBus slot power supply control Data collection systems Machine control data input systems Wireless communications Bar code data collection systems Instrumentation configuration/datalogging Docking stations (portable and desktop) Power supply management Power analog switching Typical Application 5V (opt) System Power 3.3V Supply 12V (opt) VPP IN VCC3 IN VCC5 IN (opt) (opt) A EN0 A EN1 A V CC5_EN PCMCIA Card Slot Controller VPP1 VPP2 PCMCIA Card Slot A VCC A V CC3_EN MIC2563 VPP1 B EN0 B EN1 B V CC5_EN VPP2 PCMCIA PCMCIA Card Card Slot Slot B VCC B V CC3_EN UL Recognized Component Micrel, Inc. * 1849 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 * http://www.micrel.com March 2004 1 M9999-033004 MIC2563A Micrel Ordering Information Part Number Temperature Range Package Lead-Finish MIC2563A-0BSM -40C to +85C 28-pin SSOP Standard MIC2563A-1BSM -40C to +85C 28-pin SSOP Standard MIC2563A-0YSM -40C to +85C 28-pin SSOP Lead-free MIC2563A-1YSM -40C to +85C 28-pin SSOP Lead-free Note: See "MIC2563A-0 and MIC2563A-1 Control Logic Table" for a description of the differences between the logic options. Pin Configuration A VCC5 IN 1 28 A VCC OUT A VCC OUT 2 27 A VCC3 IN A VCC5 IN 3 26 A VCC OUT GND 4 25 NC A VCC5_EN 5 24 A VPP OUT A VCC3_EN 6 23 A VPP IN A EN0 7 22 B EN1 A EN1 8 21 B EN0 B VPP IN 9 20 B VCC3_EN B VPP OUT 10 19 B VCC5_EN NC 11 18 GND B VCC OUT 12 17 B VCC5 IN B VCC3 IN 13 16 B VCC OUT B VCC OUT 14 15 B VCC5 IN 28-Pin SSOP (SM) Connect all pins with the same name together for proper operation. MIC2563A-1 Redefined Pin Assignment Function VPP_VCC VPP_PGM Pin Number Slot A Slot B 7 21 8 22 Some pin names for the MIC2563A-1 are different from the MIC2563A-0. This table shows the differences. All other pin names are identical to the MIC2563A-0 as shown in the "Pin Configuration," above. M9999-110503 2 March 2004 MIC2563A Micrel Absolute Maximum Ratings(1) Operating Ratings(2) Supply Voltage, VPP IN ............................................... +15V VCC3 IN ................................................................... +7.5V VCC5 IN ................................................................... +7.5V Logic Input Voltages ..................................... -0.3V to +10V Output Current (each output) VPP OUT ............................... >200mA, Internally Limited VCC OUT ..................................... >1A, Internally Limited Power Dissipation (PD), TA 25C .......... Internally Limited SSOP .................................................................. 800mW Derating Factors (to Ambient) SSOP ................................................................. 4mW/C Lead Temperature (5 sec.) ........................................ 260C Storage Temperature (TS) ....................... -65C to +150C Ambient Temperature (TA) ......................... -40C to +85C Operating Temperature (Die) .................................... 125C Package Thermal Resistance (JA) SSOP .................................................................. 84C/W Electrical Characteristics(3) VCC3 IN = 3.3V, VCC5 IN = 5.0V, VPP IN = 12V; TA = 25C, bold values indicate -40C TA +85C; unless noted. Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Units Digital Inputs VIH Logic 1 Input Voltage 2.2 7.5 V VIL Logic 0 Input Voltage -0.3 0.8 V IIN Input Current 0V < VIN < 5.5V 1 A IPP OUT Hi-Z High Impedance Output Leakage Current Shutdown mode 0 VPP OUT 12V 10 A IPPSC Short Circuit Current Limit VPP OUT = 0 RO Switch Resistance Select VPP OUT = 5V Select VPP OUT = 3.3V IPP OUT = -100mA (Sourcing) 1.8 3.3 2.5 5 RO Switch Resistance, Select VPP OUT = 12V VPP IN = 12V IPP OUT = -100 mA (Sourcing) 0.6 1 RO Switch Resistance, Select VPP OUT = 0V Select VPP OUT = clamped to ground IPP OUT = 50A (Sinking) 2500 3900 VPP OUT = Hi-Z to 10% of 3.3V 5 50 s VPP OUT = Hi-Z to 10% of 5V 10 50 s VPP OUT = Hi-Z to 10% of 12V 70 250 s VPP Output 1 0.2 0.3 A VPP Switching Time (See Figure 1) t1 Output Turn-On Delay(4) t2 t3 VPP OUT = 10% to 90% of 3.3V 100 200 800 s VPP OUT = 10% to 90% of 5V 100 300 1000 s VPP OUT = 10% to 90% of 12V 100 225 800 s VPP OUT = 3.3V to 90% of 12V 100 250 1000 s t8 VPP OUT = 5V to 90% of 12V 100 200 800 s t9 VPP OUT = 12V to 90% of 3.3V 100 200 800 s t10 VPP OUT = 12V to 90% of 5V 100 350 1200 s t4 Output Rise Time(4) t5 t6 t7 Output Transition Timing(4) Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. 3. Specification for packaged product only. 4. RL = 100 connected to ground. 5. Delay from commanding Hi-Z or 0V to beginning slope. Does not apply to current limit or overtemperature shutdown conditions. March 2004 3 M9999-033004 MIC2563A Symbol Micrel Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Units VPP OUT = 3.3V to Hi-Z 200 1000 ns VPP OUT = 5V to Hi-Z 200 1000 ns VPP OUT = 12V to Hi-Z 200 1000 ns VPP OUT = 90% to 10% of 3.3V 50 1000 ns t12 VPP OUT = 90% to 10% of 5V 50 1000 ns t13 VPP OUT = 90% to 10% of 12V 300 2000 ns VPP Switching Time (See Figure 1) continued t14 Output Turn-Off Delay Time(4, 5) t15 t16 t11 Output Turn-Off Fall Time(4) VCC Output ICCSC Short Circuit Current Limit VCC OUT = 0 1 1.5 A RO Switch Resistance Select VCC OUT = 3.3V ICC OUT = -1A (Sourcing) 100 150 m Select VCC OUT = 5V ICC OUT = -1A (Sourcing) 70 100 m Select VCC OUT = clamped to ground ICC OUT = 0.1mA (Sinking) 500 3900 VCC OUT = 0V to 10% of 3.3V 300 1500 s VCC OUT = 0V to 10% of 5.0V 750 3000 s VCC Switching Time (See Figure 2) t1 Output Turn-On Delay Time(6) t2 t3 Output Rise Time(6) t4 t7 Output Turn-Off Delay(6, 7) t8 t5 Output Fall Time(6) t6 VCC OUT = 10% to 90% of 3.3V 200 700 2500 s VCC OUT = 10% to 90% of 5V 200 1500 6000 s VCC OUT = 3.3V 2.4 8 ms VCC OUT = 5V 2.8 8 ms VCC OUT = 90% to 10% of 3.3V 100 240 1000 s VCC OUT = 90% to 10% of 5.0V 100 600 2000 s 8 50 A VCC OUT = 0V (Sleep Mode) 0.2 10 A VCC OUT = 5V or 3.3V, ICC OUT = 0 40 100 A VCC OUT = 0V (Sleep Mode) 0.1 10 A VPP OUT = 3.3V or 5V, IPP OUT = 0 0.3 4 A VPP OUT = Hi-Z, 0 or VPP 0.3 4 A VCC5 IN not required for operation 5.0 6 V 3.3 6 V 12.0 14.5 V Power Supply ICC5 ICC3 IPP IN VCC5 VCC3 VPP IN VCC5 IN Supply Current (5V) VCC3 IN Supply Current (3.3V)(8) VPP IN Supply Current (12V)(9) Operating Input Voltage (5V) Operating Input Voltage VCC OUT = 5V or 3.3V, ICC OUT = 0 (3.3V)(8) Operating Input Voltage (12V) 3.0 VPP IN not required for operation(10) Thermal Shutdown TSD Thermal Shutdown Temperature 130 C Notes: 4. RL = 100 connected to ground. 5. Delay from commanding Hi-Z or 0V to beginning slope. Does not apply to current limit or overtemperature shutdown conditions. 6. RL = 10 connected to ground. 7. Delay from commanding Hi-Z or 0V to beginning slope. Does not apply to current limit or overtemperature shutdown conditions. 8. The MIC2563A uses VCC3 IN for operation. For single 5V supply systems, connect 5V to both VCC3 IN and VCC5 IN. See "Applications Information" section for further details. 9. VPP IN is not required for operation. 10. VPP IN must be either high impedance or greater than or approximately equal to the highest voltage VCC in the system. For example, if both 3.3V and 5V are connected to the MIC2563A, VPP IN must be either 5V, 12V, or high impedance. M9999-110503 4 March 2004 MIC2563A Micrel A VPP Enable B VPP to 3.3V C VPP to 12V D VPP to 3.3V E F VPP to 5V VPP OFF G VPP to 12V H VPP to 5V J VPP OFF K VPP to 12V VPP OFF 0 t13 t7 t10 t8 t9 t6 t16 12V t3 VPP Output t2 t4 t15 t1 t11 t5 t12 5V t14 3.3V 0 Figure 1. MIC2563A VPP Timing Diagram VPP Enable is shown generically: refer to "MIC2563A-0 and MIC2563A-1 Control Logic Tables." At time "A," VPP = 3.3V is selected. At "B," VPP is set to 12V. At "C," VPP = 3.3V (from 12V). At "D," VPP is disabled. At "E," VPP is programmed to 5V. At "F," VPP is set to 12V. At "G," VPP is programmed to 5V. At "H," VPP is disabled. At "J," VPP is set to 12V. And at "K," VPP is again disabled. RL = 100 for all measurements. Load capacitance is negligible. A VCC Enable B C VCC to 3.3V D VCC OFF VCC to 5V VCC OFF 0 t2 t1 t8 t4 5V t3 t6 t7 t5 3.3V VCC Output 0 Figure 2. MIC2563A VCC Timing Diagram VCC Enable is shown generically: refer to "MIC2563A-0 and MIC2563A-1 Control Logic Tables" for specific control logic input. At time "A," VCC is programmed to 3.3V. At "B," VCC is disabled. At "C," VCC is programmed to 5V. And at "D," VCC is disabled. RL = 10. March 2004 5 M9999-033004 MIC2563A Micrel MIC2563A-0 Control Logic Table VCC5_EN VCC3_EN EN1 EN0 VCC OUT VPP OUT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Clamped to Ground Clamped to Ground Clamped to Ground Clamped to Ground 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 5 5 5 5 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 High-Z High-Z High-Z Clamped to Ground High-Z 3.3 12 Clamped to Ground High-Z 5 12 Clamped to Ground High-Z 3.3 5 Clamped to Ground MIC2563A-1 Control Logic Table (compatible with Cirrus Logic CL-PD6710 & PD672x-series Controllers) VCC5_EN VCC3_EN VPP_PGM VPP_VCC VCC OUT VPP OUT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 Clamped to Ground Clamped to Ground Clamped to Ground Clamped to Ground High-Z High-Z 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 Clamped to Ground 5 High-Z Clamped to Ground 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 5 5 5 5 12 High-Z 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 3.3 3.3 Clamped to Ground 3.3 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 3.3 3.3 12 High-Z 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Clamped to Ground Clamped to Ground Clamped to Ground Clamped to Ground High-Z High-Z 1 1 1 1 Clamped to Ground High-Z M9999-110503 6 March 2004 MIC2563A Micrel Logic Block Diagram A V PP IN (optional) A EN1 A V PP OUT A EN0 A V CC5_EN MIC2563 Section A Control Logic A V CC OUT A V CC3_EN A V CC3 IN A V CC5 IN ILIMIT / Thermal Shutdown Gate Drive Generator B V PP IN (optional) B EN1 B V PP OUT B EN0 B V CC5_EN MIC2563 Section B Control Logic B V CC OUT B V CC3_EN VCC3 IN VCC5 IN ILIMIT / Thermal Shutdown Gate Drive Generator March 2004 GND 7 M9999-033004 MIC2563A Micrel Applications Information PC Card power control for two sockets is easily accomplished using the MIC2563A PC Card/CardBus slot VCC and VPP power controller IC. Four control bits per socket determine VCC OUT and VPP OUT voltage and standby/operate mode condition. VCC outputs of 3.3V and 5V at the maximum allowable PC Card current are supported. VPP OUT output voltages of VCC (3.3V or 5V), VPP, 0V, or a high impedance state are available. When the VCC clamped to ground condition is selected, the device switches into "sleep" mode and draws only nanoamperes of leakage current. Full protection from hot switching is provided which prevents feedback from the VCC OUT (from 5V to 3.3V, for example) by locking out the low-voltage switch until the initial switch's gate voltage drops below the desired lower VCC. If no card is inserted or the system is in sleep mode, the slot logic controller outputs a (VCC3 IN, VCC5 IN) = (0,0) to the MIC2563A, which shuts down VCC. This also places the switch into a high impedance output shutdown (sleep) mode, where current consumption drops to nearly zero, with only tiny CMOS leakage currents flowing. Internal device control logic, MOSFET drive and bias voltage is powered from VCC3 IN. The high voltage bias is generated by an internal charge pump quadrupler. Systems without 3.3V may connect VCC3 IN to 5V. Input logic threshold voltages are compatible with common PC Card logic controllers using either 3.3V or 5V supplies. The PC Card specification defines two VPP supply pins per card slot. The two VPP supply pins may be programmed to different voltages. VPP is primarily used for programming Flash memory cards. Implementing two independent VPP voltages is easily accomplished with the MIC2563A and a MIC2557 PCMCIA VPP switching matrix. Figure 3 shows this full configuration, supporting independent VPP and both 5.0V and 3.3V VCC operation. However, few logic controllers support multiple VPP -- most systems connect VPP1 to VPP2 and the MIC2557 is not required. This circuit is shown in Figure 4. The MIC2563A operates from the computer system's main power supply. Device logic and internal MOSFET drive is generated internally by charge pump voltage multipliers powered from VCC3 IN. Switching speeds are carefully controlled to prevent damage to sensitive loads and meet all PC Card Specification timing requirements. Supply Bypassing External capacitors are not required for operation. The MIC2563A is a switch and has no stability problems. For best results however, bypass VCC3 IN, VCC5 IN, and VPP IN inputs with 1F capacitors to improve output ripple. As all internal device logic and comparison functions are powered from the VCC3 IN line, the power supply quality of this line is the most important, and a bypass capacitor may be necessary for some layouts. Both VCC OUT and VPP OUT pins may use 0.01F to 0.1F capacitors for noise reduction and electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage prevention. During flash memory programming with standard (+12V) flash memories, the PC Card slot logic controller outputs a (0, 1) to the EN0, EN1 control pins of the MIC2563A, which connects VPP IN (nominally +12V) to VPP OUT. The low ON resistance of the MIC2563A switch allows using a small bypass capacitor on the VPP OUT pins, with the main filtering action performed by a large filter capacitor on VPP IN (usually the main power supply filter capacitor is sufficient). Using a small-value capacitor such as 0.1F on the output causes little or no timing delays. The VPP OUT transition from VCC to 12.0V typically takes 250s. After programming is completed, the controller outputs a (EN1, EN0) = (0,1) to the MIC2563A, which then reduces VPP OUT to the VCC level. Break-before-make switching action and controlled rise times reduces switching transients and lowers maximum current spikes through the switch. PC Card Slot Implementation The MIC2563A is designed for full compatibility with the PCMCIA PC Card Specification, (March 1995), including the CardBus option. When a memory card is initially inserted, it should receive VCC (either 3.3V 0.3V or 5.0V 5%). The initial voltage is determined by a combination of mechanical socket "keys" and voltage sense pins. The card sends a handshaking data stream to the controller, which then determines whether or not this card requires VPP and if the card is designed for dual VCC. If the card is compatible with and desires a different VCC level, the controller commands this change by disabling VCC, waiting at least 100ms, and then re-enabling the other VCC voltage. Figure 5 shows MIC2563A configuration for situations where only a single +5V VCC is available. Output Current and Protection MIC2563A output switches are capable of passing the maximum current needed by any PC Card. The MIC2563A meets or exceeds all PCMCIA specifications. For system and card protection, output currents are internally limited. For full system protection, long term (millisecond or longer) output short circuits invoke overtemperature shutdown, protecting the MIC2563A, the system power supplies, the card socket pins, and the PC Card. VCC switches are turned ON and OFF slowly. If commanded to immediately switch from one VCC to the other (without turning OFF and waiting 100ms first), enhancement of the second switch begins after the first is OFF, realizing breakbefore-make protection. VPP switches are turned ON slowly and OFF quickly, which also prevents cross conduction. M9999-110503 8 March 2004 MIC2563A Micrel 5V (opt) System Power 3.3V Supply 12V (opt) VPP1 VPP IN VCC3 IN VCC5 IN (opt) EN0 VPP2 PCMCIA Card Slot A VCC EN1 VCC5_EN VCC3_EN MIC2563 VPP1 PCMCIA Card Slot Controller EN0 PCMCIA VPP2 PCMCIA Card Slot Slot Card B VCC EN1 VCC5_EN VCC3_EN EN0 EN1 MIC2558 EN0 EN1 Figure 3. PC Card Slot Power Control Application with Dual VCC (5.0V or 3.3V) and Separate VPP1 and VPP2 5V (opt) System Power 3.3V Supply 12V (opt) VPP IN VCC3 IN VCC5 IN (opt) (opt) A EN0 A EN1 A V CC5_EN PCMCIA Card Slot Controller VPP1 VPP2 PCMCIA Card Slot A VCC A V CC3_EN MIC2563 VPP1 B EN0 B EN1 B V CC5_EN VPP2 PCMCIA PCMCIA Card Card Slot Slot B VCC B V CC3_EN Figure 4. Typical PC Card Slot Power Control Application with Dual VCC (5.0V or 3.3V) Note: VPP1 and VPP2 are driven together. March 2004 9 M9999-033004 MIC2563A Micrel 5V System Power Supply 12V (opt) VPP IN VCC3 IN VCC5 IN (opt) A EN0 VPP2 PCMCIA Card Slot A VCC A EN1 A V CC5_EN PCMCIA Card Slot Controller VPP1 A V CC3_EN MIC2563 VPP1 B EN0 VPP2 PCMCIA PCMCIA Card Card Slot Slot B VCC B EN1 B V CC5_EN B V CC3_EN Figure 5. PC Card Slot Power Control Application without a 3.3V VCC Supply Note: VCC3 IN and VCC5 IN lines are driven together. The MIC2563A is powered from the VCC3 IN line. In this configuration, VCC OUT will be 5V when either VCC3 or VCC5 is enabled. RST# VCC SER_DATA 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 D Q D Q D Q D Q D Q D Q D Q D Q 74x175 1 CLR 20 19 4 18 5 17 12 16 13 15 4 14 5 13 12 12 13 9 CLK D Q D Q D Q D Q D Q D Q D Q D Q 2 7 10 15 2 7 10 15 A_VPP_PGM (Pin 8) A_VPP_VCC (Pin 7) A_VCC5_EN (Pin 5) A_VCC3_EN (Pin 6) B_VPP_PGM (Pin 22) B_VPP_VCC (Pin 21) B_VCC3_EN (Pin 19) B_VCC5_EN (Pin 20) 10 SER_CLK 11 74x574 1 CLR 1 9 CLK 74x175 SER_LATCH Figure 6. Interfacing the MIC2563A with a Serial-Output Data Controller Pinouts shown are for the MIC2563A-1 and a three-wire serial controller. M9999-110503 10 March 2004 MIC2563A Micrel Serial Control Figure 6 shows conversion from a three-wire serial interface, such as used by the Cirrus Logic CL-PD6730, to the standard eight-line parallel interface used by the MIC2563A-1. This interface requires three common, low cost 7400-series logic ICs: Serial Control Adapter PC Board Layout * 74x574 Octal D Flip-Flop * 74x175 Quad Flip-Flop with Latches (two needed) Either 3.3V or 5V logic devices may be used, depending upon the control voltage employed by the slot logic controller. Pin numbers in parenthesis refer to the MIC2563A-1BSM. Gerber files for this PC board layout are available to Micrel customers. Please contact Micrel directly. Another serial-to-parallel solution for this application is the 74HC594, 8-bit shift register with output registers. This device contains the eight D flip-flops plus has latched outputs suitable for this purpose. Component Key U1 .................... MIC2563 U2, U3 ............. 74x175 U4 .................... 74x574 March 2004 11 M9999-033004 MIC2563A Micrel Package Information 5.40 (0.213) 5.20 (0.205) 7.90 (0.311) 7.65 (0.301) DIMENSIONS: MM (INCH) 0.875 (0.034) REF 10.33 (0.407) 10.07 (0.396) 2.00 (0.079) 1.73 (0.068) 0.38 (0.015) 0.25 (0.010) 0.65 (0.0260) BSC 0.21 (0.008) 0.05 (0.002) COPLANARITY: 0.10 (0.004) MAX 10 4 0.22 (0.009) 0.13 (0.005) 1.25 (0.049) REF 0 -8 0.95 (0.037) 0.55 (0.022) 28-Pin SSOP (SM) MICREL, INC. TEL 1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 944-0970 WEB USA http://www.micrel.com The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2004 Micrel, Incorporated. M9999-110503 12 March 2004