MFRC52302HN1,151 - NXP Semiconductors

1. Introduction

This document de scr ibes the fu nct i on ality an d electrical specifications of the contactless

reader/writer MFRC523.

Remark: The MFRC523 supports all variants of the MIFARE Mini, MIFARE 1K and

MIFARE 4K RF identification protocols. To aid readability throughout this data sheet, the

MIFARE Mini, MIFARE 1K and MIFARE 4K products and protocols have the generic

name MIFARE.

2. General description

The MFRC523 is a highly integrated rea der/writer for contactless communication at

13.56 MHz. The MFRC523 reader supports ISO/IEC 14443 A/MIFARE mode.

The MFRC523’s internal transmitter is able to drive a reader/wr iter antenna designed to

communicate with ISO/IEC 14443 A/MIFARE cards and transponders without additional

active circuitry. The receiver module provides a robust and efficient implementation for

demodulating and decoding signals from ISO/IEC 14443 A/MIF ARE comp atible cards and

transponders. The digital module manages the complete ISO/IEC 14443 A framing and

error detection (parity and CRC) functionality.

All protocol layers of the ISO/IEC 14443 A and ISO/IEC 14443 B communication

standards are supported provided:

•additional components, such as the oscillator, power supply, coil etc are correctly

applied

•standardized protocols, such as ISO/IEC 14443-4 and/or ISO/IEC 14443 B

anticollision are correctly implemented

Using this NXP Semiconductors’ device according to ISO/IEC 14443 B may infringe third

party patent rights.

The MFRC523 supports cont actless communication using MIFARE higher baud rates

(see Section 8.3.4.11 on page 22) at transfer speeds up to 848 kBd in both directions.

The following host interfaces are provide d:

•Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)

•Serial UART (similar to RS232 with voltage levels dependent on pin voltage supply)

•I2C-bus interface

MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

Rev. 3.7 — 8 November 2011

115237 Product data sheet

COMPANY PUBLIC

Product data sheet

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115237 2 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

3. Features and benefits

Highly integrated analog circuitry to demodulate and decode responses

Buff ered output drivers for connecting an antenna with the minimum number of

external components

Supports ISO/IEC 14443 A/MIFARE

Supports ISO/IEC 14443 B Read/Write modes

Typical operating distance in Read/Write mode up to 50 mm de pending on the

antenna size and tuning

Supports MIFARE Mini, MIFARE 1K and MIFARE 4K encryption in Read/Wri te mode

Supports ISO/IEC 14443 A higher transfer speed communication at 212 kBd, 424 kBd

and 848 kBd

Supports MFIN/MFO UT

Additional internal power supply to the smart card IC connected via MFIN/MFOUT

Supported host interfaces

SPI up to 10 Mbit/s

I2C-bus interface up to 400 kBd in Fast mode, up to 3400 kBd in High-speed mode

RS232 Serial UART up to 1228.8 kBd, with voltage leve ls dependant on pin

voltage supply

FIFO buffer handles 64 byte send and receive

Flexible interrupt modes

Hard reset with low power function

Power-down by software mode

Programmable timer

Internal oscillator for connection to 27.12 MHz quartz crystal

2.5 V to 3.3 V power supply

CRC coprocessor

Programmable I/O pin s

Internal self-test

4. Quick reference data

Table 1. Quick reference data

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

VDDA analog supply voltage VDD(PVDD) VDDA = VDDD = VDD(TVDD);

VSSA =V

SSD =V

SS(PVSS) =V

SS(TVSS) =0V [1][2] 2.5 3.3 3.6 V

VDDD digital supply voltage 2.5 3.3 3.6 V

VDD(TVDD) TVDD supply voltage 2.5 3.3 3.6 V

VDD(PVDD) PVDD supply voltage [3] 1.6 1.8 3.6 V

VDD(SVDD) SVDD supply voltage VSSA =V

SSD =V

SS(PVSS) =V

SS(TVSS) = 0 V 1.6 - 3.6 V

Ipd power-down current VDDA =V

DDD = VDD(TVDD) =V

DD(PVDD) =3V

hard power-down; pin NRSTPD set LOW [4] --5A

soft power-down; RF level detector on [4] --10A

IDDD digital supply current pin DVDD; VDDD =3V - 6.5 9 mA

Product data sheet

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

[1] Supply voltages below 3 V reduce the performance in, for example, the achievable operating distance.

[2] VDDA, VDDD and VDD(TVDD) must always be the same voltage.

[3] VDD(PVDD) must always be the same or lower voltage than VDDD.

[4] Ipd is the total current for all supplies.

[5] IDD(PVDD) depends on the overall load at the digital pins.

[6] IDD(TVDD) depends on VDD(TVDD) and the external circuit connected to pins TX1 and TX2.

[7] During typical circuit operation, the overall current is below 100 mA.

[8] Typical value using a complementary driver configuration and an antenna matched to 40  between pins TX1 and TX2 at 13.56 MHz.

5. Ordering information

[1] Delivered in one tray.

[2] Delivered in five trays.

IDDA analog supply current pin AVDD; VDDA = 3 V, CommandReg register’s

RcvOff bit = 0 -710mA

pin AVDD; receiver switched off; VDDA =3V,

CommandReg register’s RcvOff bit = 1 -35mA

IDD(PVDD) PVDD supply current pin PVDD [5] --40mA

IDD(TVDD) TVDD supply current pin TVDD; continuous wave [6][7][8] -60100mA

Tamb ambient temperature HVQFN32 25 - +85 C

Table 1. Quick reference data …continued

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Table 2. Orderi ng information

Type number Package

Name Description Version

MFRC52302HN1/TRAYB[1] HVQFN32 plastic thermal enhanced very thin quad flat package; no leads;

32 terminal; body 5  5  0.85 mm SOT617-1

MFRC52302HN1/TRAYBM[2] HVQFN32 plastic thermal enhanced very thin quad flat package; no leads;

32 terminal; body 5  5  0.85 mm SOT617-1

Product data sheet

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

6. Block diagram

The analog interface manages the mo dulation and demodulation of the analo g signals.

The contactless UART manages the protocol requirements for the communication

protocols in cooperation with the host. The FIFO buffer ensures fast an d conve n i en t da ta

transfers to/from the host and the contactless UART.

Various host interfaces are implemented to meet different customer requirements.

Fig 1. Simplified block diagram of the MFRC523

001aaj627

HOST

ANTENNA FIFO

BUFFER

ANALOG

INTERFACE CONTACTLESS

UART SERIAL UART

SPI

C-BUS

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Contactless reader IC

Fig 2. Detaile d bl oc k diagram of the MFRC523

001aak602

DVDD

NRSTPD

IRQ

MFIN

MFOUT

SVDD

OSCIN

OSCOUT

VMID AUX1 AUX2 RX TVSS TX1 TX2 TVDD

16 19 20 17 10, 14 11 13 12

DVSS

AVDD

PVSSPVDDSDA/NSS/RX EA I2C

5224 32 1

D1/ADR_5

D2/ADR_4

D3/ADR_3

D4/ADR_2

D5/ADR_1/

SCK/DTRQ

D6/ADR_0/

MOSI/MX

D7/SCL/

MISO/TX

AVSS

FIFO CONTROL

MIFARE CLASSIC UNIT

STATE MACHINE

COMMAND REGISTER

PROGRAMABLE TIMER

INTERRUPT CONTROL

CRC16

GENERATION AND CHECK

PARALLEL/SERIAL

CONVERTER

SERIAL DATA SWITCH

TRANSMITTER CONTROL

BIT COUNTER

PARITY GENERATION AND CHECK

FRAME GENERATION AND CHECK

BIT DECODING BIT ENCODING

RANDOM NUMBER

GENERATOR

ANALOG TO DIGITAL

CONVERTER

I-CHANNEL

AMPLIFIER

ANALOG TEST

MULTIPLEXOR

AND

DIGITAL TO

ANALOG

CONVERTER

I-CHANNEL

DEMODULATOR

Q-CHANNEL

AMPLIFIER

CLOCK

GENERATION,

FILTERING AND

DISTRIBUTION

Q-CLOCK

GENERATION

OSCILLATOR

TEMPERATURE

SENSOR

Q-CHANNEL

DEMODULATOR

AMPLITUDE

RATING

REFERENCE

VOLTAGE

64-BYTE FIFO

BUFFER

CONTROL REGISTER

BANK

SPI, UART, I2C-BUS INTERFACE CONTROL

VOLTAGE

MONITOR

AND

POWER ON

DETECT

RESET

CONTROL

POWER-DOWN

CONTROL

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Contactless reader IC

7. Pinning information

7.1 Pin description

Fig 3. Pinning configuration HVQFN32 (SOT617 -1)

001aal155

MFRC523

Transparent top view

MFIN

MFOUT

AVSS

NRSTPD AUX1

PVSS AUX2

DVSS OSCIN

DVDD OSCOUT

PVDD IRQ

I2C SDA/NSS/RX

SVDD

TVSS

TX1

TVDD

TX2

TVSS

AVDD

VMID

D7/SCL/MISO/TX

D6/ADR_0/MOSI/MX

D5/ADR_1/SCK/DTRQ

D4/ADR_2

D3/ADR_3

D2/ADR_4

D1/ADR_5

8 17

7 18

6 19

5 20

4 21

3 22

2 23

1 24

Table 3. Pin description

Pin Symbol Type[1] Description

1I2C I

[2] I2C-bus enable input

2 PVDD P pin power supply

3 DVDD P digital power supply

4 DVSS G[3] digital ground

5 PVSS G pin power supply ground

6 NRSTPD I reset and power-down input:

reset: enabled by a positive edge

power-down: enabled when LOW; internal current sinks are switched off, the oscillator

is inhibited and the input pins are disconnected from the outside world

7 MFIN I MIFARE signal input

8 MFOUT O MIFARE signal output

9 SVDD P MFIN and MFOUT pin power supply

10 TVSS G transmitter output stage 1 ground

11 TX1 O transmitter 1 modulated 13.56 MHz energy carrier output

12 TVDD P transmitter power supply: supplies the output stage of transmitters 1 and 2

13 TX2 O transmitter 2 modulated 13.56 MHz energy carrier output

14 TVSS G transmitter output stage 2 ground

15 AVDD P analog power supply

Product data sheet

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Contactless reader IC

[1] Pin types: I = Input, O = Output, I/O = Input/Output, P = Power and G = Ground.

[2] The pin functionality of these pins is explained in Section 8.3 “Digital interfaces”.

[3] Connection of heatsink pad on package underside is not necessary. Optional connection to pin DVSS is possible.

16 VMID P internal reference voltage

17 RX I RF signal input

18 AVSS G analog ground

19 AUX1 O auxiliary outputs for test purposes

20 AUX2 O auxiliary outputs for test purposes

21 OSCIN I crystal oscillator inverting amplifier input; also the input for an externally generated clock

(fclk = 27.12 MHz)

22 OSCOUT O crystal oscillator inverting amplifier output

23 IRQ O interrupt request output: indicates an interrupt event

24 SDA[2] I/O I2C-bus serial data line input/output

NSS[2] I SPI signal input

RX[2] I UART address input

25 D1[2] I/O test port

ADR_5[2] I/O I2C-bus address 5 inpu t

26 D2 I/O test port

ADR_4[2] II

2C-bus address 4 input

27 D3 I/O test port

ADR_3[2] II

2C-bus address 3 input

28 D4 I/O test port

ADR_2[2] II

2C-bus address 2 input

29 D5 I/O test port

ADR_1[2] II

2C-bus address 1 input

SCK[2] I SPI serial clock input

DTRQ[2] O UART request to send output to microcontroller

30 D6 I/O test port

ADR_0[2] II

2C-bus address 0 input

MOSI[2] I/O SPI master out, slave in

MX[2] O UART output to microcontroller

31 D7 I/O test port

SCL[2] I/O I2C-bus clock input/output

MISO[2] I/O SPI master in, slave out

TX[2] O UART data output to microcontroller

32 EA[2] I external address input for coding I2C-bus address

Table 3. Pin description …continued

Pin Symbol Type[1] Description

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Contactless reader IC

8. Functional description

The MFRC523 transmission module supports ISO/IEC 14443 A and ISO/IEC 14443 B

Read/Write mode at various transfer speeds and modulation protocols.

8.1 ISO/IEC 14443 A functionality

The physical level communication is shown in Figure 5.

The physical p arameters are described in Table 4.

The MFRC523’s contactless UART and dedicated external host must manage the

ISO/IEC 14443 A protocol. Figure 6 shows the data coding and framing according to

ISO/IEC 14443 A.

Fig 4. MFRC523 Read/Write mode

001aal156

BATTERY

reader/writer contactless card

MICROCONTROLLER

MFRC523

ISO/IEC 14443 A CARD

(1) Reader to card (MFRC523 sends data to a card).

(2) Card to reader (card sends data to the MFRC523).

Fig 5. ISO/IEC 14443 A/MIFARE Read/Write mode communication diagram

(1)

(2)

001aal157

MFRC523 ISO/IEC 14443 A CARD

ISO/IEC 14443 A

READER

Table 4. Communication overview for ISO/IEC 14443 A reader/writer

Communication

direction Signal type Transfer speed

106 kBd 212 kBd 424 kBd 848 kBd

Reader to card

(MFRC523 sends data

to a card)

reader side

modulation 100 % ASK 100 % ASK 100 % ASK 100 % ASK

bit encoding modified Miller

encoding modified Miller

encoding

bit length 128 (13.56 s) 64 (13.56 s) 32 (13.56 s) 16 (13.56 s)

Card to reader (card

sends data to the

MFRC523)

card side

modulation subcarrier load

modulation

subcarrier

frequency 13.56 MHz / 16 13.56 MHz / 16 13.56 MHz / 16 13.56 MHz / 16

bit encoding Manchester

encoding BPSK BPSK BPSK

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Contactless reader IC

The internal CRC coprocessor calculates the CRC value based on ISO/IEC 14443 A

part 3 and handles parity genera tion internally based on the transfer speed. Automatic

parity generation can be switched off using the ManualRCVReg register’s ParityDisable

bit.

8.2 ISO/IEC 14443 B functionality

The MFRC523 reader IC fully supports the ISO 14443 international standard which

includes the communication schemes ISO 14443 A and ISO 14443 B. Refer to the

ISO 14443 reference document s Identification card s - Contac tless integrated circu it cards

- Proximity cards (parts 1 to 4).

Remark: NXP Semiconductors does not of fer a sof tware library to enable design-in of the

ISO 14443 B protocol.

8.3 Digital interfaces

8.3.1 Automatic microcontroller interface detection

The MFRC523 supports direct interfacing to hosts using SPI, I2C-bus or serial UART

interfaces. The MFRC523 resets its interface and checks the current host interface type

automatically after performing a power-on or hard reset.

The MFRC523 identifies the host interface by sensing the logic levels on the control pins

after the reset phase. This is done using a combination of fixed pin connections. Table 5

shows the different pin connection configurations.

Fig 6. Data codi ng and framing according to ISO/IEC 14443 A

001aak585

ISO/IEC 14443 A framing at 106 kBd

8-bit data 8-bit data 8-bit data

odd

parity

odd

parity

start

odd

parity

start bit is 1

ISO/IEC 14443 A framing at 212 kBd, 424 kBd and 848 kBd

8-bit data 8-bit data 8-bit data

odd

parity

odd

parity

start even

parity

start bit is 0

burst of 32

subcarrier clocks even parity at the

end of the frame

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.3.2 Serial Peripheral Interface

The 5-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is supported and enables high-speed

communication with the host. The interface can manage data speeds up to 10 Mbit/s.

When communicating with a host, the MFRC523 act s as a slave. As such, it receives data

from the external host for register settings, sends and receives data relevant for RF

interface communication.

An interface compatible with SPI enables high-speed serial communication between the

MFRC523 and a micro controller. The implemented interface meets with the SPI standard.

The timing specification is given in Section 14.1 on page 76.

The MFRC523 acts as a slave during SPI communication and is timed using the SPI clock

signal (SCK) generated by the master. Data communication from the master to the slave

uses the MOSI line. The MISO line is used to send dat a from the MFRC52 3 to the master.

Data byte s on bo th MOSI an d MISO lines are sent with the MSB first. Data on both MOSI

and MISO lines must be stable on the rising edg e of the clock and can be changed on the

falling edge. Data is sent by the MFRC523 on the falling clock edge and is stable during

the rising clock edge.

8.3.2.1 SPI read data

Reading data using SPI requires the byte or der shown in Table 6 to be used. It is possible

to read out up to n-data bytes.

Table 5. Connection protocol for detecting different interface types

Pin Interface type

UART (input) SPI (output) I2C-bus (I/O)

SDA RX NSS SDA

I2C001

EA01EA

D7 TX MISO SCL

D6 MX MOSI ADR_0

D5 DTRQ SCK ADR_1

D4 - - ADR_2

D3 - - ADR_3

D2 - - ADR_4

D1 - - ADR_5

Fig 7. SPI connection to host

001aal159

MFRC523

SCK

MOSI

MISO

NSS

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Contactless reader IC

The first byte sent defines both the mode and the address.

[1] X = Do not care.

Remark: The MSB must be sent first.

8.3.2.2 SPI writ e d ata

To write data to the MFRC523 using SPI requires the byte orde r shown in Table 7. It is

possible to write up to n-data bytes by only sending one address byte.

The first send byte defines both the mode and the address byte.

[1] X = Do not care.

Remark: The MSB must be sent first.

8.3.2.3 SPI Read and Write address byt e

The read address byte must meet the foll owing criteria:

•the Most Significant Bit (MSB) of the first byte sets the mode. To read data from the

MFRC523, the MSB is set to logic 1; see Table 8

•bits [6:1] define the address

•the Least Significant Bit (LSB) should be set to logic 0

Table 6. MOSI and MISO byte order

Line Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 To Byte n Byte n + 1

MOSI address 0 address 1 address 2 ... address n 00

MISO X[1] data 0 data 1 ... data n  1data n

Table 7. MOSI and MISO byte order

Line Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 To Byte n Byte n + 1

MOSI address 0 data 0 data 1 ... data n  1data n

MISO X[1] X[1] X[1] ... X[1] X[1]

Table 8. SPI read address

Address

(MOSI) Bit 7

(MSB) Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

(LSB)

byte 0 1 address address address address address address 0

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Contactless reader IC

The write address byte must meet the following criteria:

•the MSB of the first byte set s the mode. To write data to the MFRC523, the MSB is set

to logic 0; see Table 9

•bits [6:1] define the address

•the LSB should be set to logic 0

8.3.3 UART interface

8.3.3.1 Connection to a host

Remark: Signals DTRQ and MX can be disabled by clearing TestPinEnReg register’s

RS232LineEn bit.

8.3.3.2 Selectable UART transfer speeds

The internal UART interface is compatible with the RS232 serial interface.

The default transfer speed is 9.6 kBd. To change the transfer speed, the host controller

must write a value for the new transfer sp eed to the SerialSpeedReg register. Bits

BR_T0[2:0] an d BR_T1[4:0] define the fa cto rs for se ttin g th e tra n sfe r sp ee d in th e

SerialSpeedReg register.

The BR_T0[2:0] and BR_T1[4:0] settings are described in Table 10. Examples of diff erent

transfer speeds and the relevant register settings are given in Table 11.

Table 9. SPI write address

Address line

(MOSI) Bit 7

(MSB) Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

(LSB)

byte 0 0 address address address address address address 0

Fig 8. UART connection to microcontrollers

001aal158

MFRC523

DTRQ

Table 10. BR_T0 and BR_T1 se ttings

BR_Tn Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7

BR_T0 factor 1 1 2 4 8 16 32 64

BR_T1 range 1 to 32 33 to 64 33 to 64 33 to 64 33 to 64 33 to 64 33 to 64 33 to 64

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Contactless reader IC

[1] The resulting transfer speed error is less than 1.5 % for all described transfer speeds.

The selectable transfer speeds shown in Table 11 are calcul at ed acco rd in g to th e

following equations:

If BR_T0[2:0] = 0:

(1)

If BR_T0[2:0] > 0:

(2)

Remark: Transfer speeds above 1228.8 kBd are not supported.

8.3.3.3 UART framing

Remark: The LSB for data and ad dress bytes must be sent first. No parity bit is used

during transmission.

To read data using the UART interface, the flow shown in Table 13 must be used. The first

byte sent defines both the mode and the address.

Table 11. Selectable UART transfer speeds

Transfer speed (kBd) SerialSpeedReg value Transfer speed accuracy (%)[1]

Decimal Hexadecimal

7.2 250 FAh 0.25

9.6 235 EBh 0.32

14.4 218 DAh 0.25

19.2 203 CBh 0.32

38.4 171 ABh 0.32

57.6 154 9Ah 0.25

115.2 122 7Ah 0.25

128 116 74h 0.06

230.4 90 5Ah 0.25

460.8 58 3Ah 0.25

921.6 28 1Ch 1.45

1228.8 21 15h 0.32

transfer speed 27.12 106



BR_T0 1+

--------------------------------

transfer speed 27.12 106



BR_T1 33+

2BR_T0 1–

-----------------------------------







Table 12. UART framing

Bit Length Value

Start 1-bit 0

Data 8-bit data

Stop 1-bit 1

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

To write data to the MFRC523 using the UART interface, the structure shown in Table 14

must be used.

The first byte sent defines both the mode and the address.

Table 13. Read da ta byte order

Pin Byte 0 Byte 1

RX address -

TX - data 0

(1) Reserved.

Fig 9. UART read data timing diagram

001aak588

ADDRESS

DTRQ

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 (1) SO

SA D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SO

DATA

R/W

Table 14. Write data byte order

Pin Byte 0 Byte 1

RX address 0 data 0

TX - address 0

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xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx

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(1) Reserved.

Remark: The data byte can be sent directly after the address byte on pin RX.

Fig 10. UART write data timing diagram

001aak589

ADDRESS

DTRQ

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5

(1)

SO SA D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SO

SA A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5

(1)

DATA

ADDRESS

R/W

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

The address byte must meet the following formats:

•the MSB of the first byte sets the mode used

–the MSB is set to logic 0 to write data to the MFRC523

–the MSB is set to logic 1 to read data from the MFRC523

•bit 6 is reserved for future use

•bits [5:0] define the address; see Table 15

8.3.4 I2C Bus Interface

An I2C-bus interface is supported and enab les implementation of a low-cost, low pin count

serial bus interface to the host. The I2C-bus interface is implemented based on

NXP Semiconductors’ I2C-bus interface specification, re v. 2.1, Januar y 20 00 . The

interface can only act in slave mode. Therefore the MFRC523 does not perform clock

generation or access ar bitration.

The MFRC523 can act as a slave receiver or slave transmitter in Standard mode, Fast

mode and High-speed mode.

SDA is a bidirectional line connected to a positive supp ly voltage using a current sour ce or

a pull-up resistor. Both SDA and SCL lines are set HIGH when data is not transmitted. The

MFRC523 has a 3-state output stage to perform the wired-AND function. Data on the

I2C-bus can be transferred at data rates of up to 100 kBd in Standard mode, up to

400 kBd in Fast mode or up to 3.4 Mbit/s in High-speed mode.

If the I2C-bus interface is selected, spike suppression is activated on lines SCL and SDA

as defined in th e I2C-bus interface specification.

See Table 156 on page 77 for timing requirements.

Table 15. Address byte 0 register; address MOSI

Bit 7

(MSB) Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

(LSB)

1 or 0 reserved address address address address address address

Fig 11. I2C-bus interface

001aal160

MFRC523

SDA

SCL

I2C

ADR_[5:0]

PULL-UP

NETWORK

CONFIGURATION

WIRING

PULL-UP

NETWORK

MICROCONTROLLER

Product data sheet

COMPANY PUBLIC Rev. 3.7 — 8 November 2011

115237 17 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.3.4.1 Dat a validity

Data on the SDA line must be stable during the HIGH clock period. The HIGH or LOW

state of the data line must only change when the clock signal on SCL is LOW.

8.3.4.2 START and STOP conditions

To manage the data transfer on the I2C-bus, unique START (S) and STOP (P) conditions

are defined.

•A START condition is defined with a HIGH-to-LOW transition on the SDA line while

SCL is HIGH.

•A STOP conditio n is defined with a LOW-to-HIGH transition on the SDA line while

SCL is HIGH.

The I2C-bus master always generates the START and ST OP conditions. The bus is busy

after the START condition. The bus is free again a certain time after the STOP condition.

The bus stays busy if a repeated START (Sr) is generated instead of a STOP condition.

The START (S) and repeated START (Sr) conditions are functionally identical. Therefore,

S is used as a generic term to represent both the START (S) and repeated START (Sr)

conditions.

8.3.4.3 Byte format

Each byte must be followed by an acknowledge bit. Data is transferred with th e MSB first;

see Figure 16. The number of transmitted bytes during one data transfer is unrestricted

but must meet th e re ad /write cycle format.

Fig 12. Bit transfer on the I2C-bus

mbc621

data line

stable;

data valid

change

of data

allowed

SDA

SCL

Fig 13. START and STOP conditions

mbc622

SDA

SCL P

STOP condition

SDA

SCL

START condition

Product data sheet

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115237 18 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.3.4.4 Acknowledge

An acknowledge must be sent at the end of one data byte. Th e acknowledge-related cloc k

pulse is generated by the ma ster. The transmitter of data, eithe r master or slave, relea ses

the SDA line (HIGH) during the acknowledg e clock pulse. The receiver pulls down the

SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse so that it remains stable LOW d uring the

HIGH period of this clock pulse.

The master can then generate either a STOP (P) condition to stop the transfer or a

repeated START (Sr) condition to start a new transfer.

A master-receiver indicates the end of data to the slave-transmitter by not generating an

acknowledge on the last byte that was clocked out by the slave. The slave-transmitter

releases the dat a line to allow the ma ster to generate a ST OP (P) or repeated START (Sr)

condition.

Fig 14. Acknowledge on the I2C-bus

mbc602

START

condition

9821

clock pulse for

acknowledgement

not acknowledge

acknowledge

data output

by transmitter

data output

by receiver

SCL from

master

Fig 15. Data transfer on the I2C-bus

msc608

SDA

SCL

STOP or

repeated START

condition

START or

repeated START

condition

1 2 3 - 8 9

ACK

7812

MSB acknowledgement

signal from slave

byte complete,

interrupt within slave

clock line held LOW while

interrupts are serviced

acknowledgement

signal from receiver

Product data sheet

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115237 19 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.3.4.5 7-Bit addressing

During the I2C-bus address procedure, the first byte after the START condition is used to

determine which slave will be selected by the master.

Several address numbers are reserved. During device configuration, the designer must

ensure that collisions with these reserved addresses cannot occur. Check the I2C-bus

specification for a complete list of reserved addresses.

The I2C-bus address specification is dependent on the definition of pin EA. Immediately

afte r releasing pin NRSTPD or after a power-on reset, the device defines the I2C-bus

address according to pin EA.

If pin EA is set LOW, the upper 4 bits of the device bus address are reserved by

NXP Semiconductors and set to 0101b for all MFRC523 devices. The remaining 3 bits

(ADR_0, ADR_1, ADR_2) of the slave address can be freely configured by the customer

to prevent collisions with other I2C-bus devices.

If pin EA is set HIGH, ADR_0 to ADR_5 can be completely specified at the external pins

according to Table 5 on page 10. ADR_6 is always set to logic 0.

In both modes, the external address coding is latched immediately after releasing the

reset condition. Further change s at the used pins are not taken into consideration.

Depending on the external wiring, the I2C-bus address pi ns can be used for test signal

outputs.

8.3.4.6 Register write ac c es s

To write data from the host controller using the I2C-bus to a specific register in the

MFRC523 the following frame format must be used.

•The first byte of a frame indicates the device address according to the I2C-bus rules.

•The second byte indicates the register address followed by up to n-data bytes.

In one frame, all dat a bytes are written to the same register address. This enables fast

FIFO buffer access. The Read/Write (R/W) bit is set to logic 0.

Fig 16. First byte following the START procedure

001aak591

slave address

bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 R/W

MSB LSB

Product data sheet

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115237 20 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.3.4.7 Register read access

To read out data from a specific register address in the MFRC523, the host controller must

use the following procedure:

•Firstly, a write access to the specific register address must be performe d as indicated

in the frame that follows

•The first byte of a frame indicates the device address according to the I2C-bus rules

•The second byte indicates the register address. No data bytes are added

•The Read/Write bit is 0

After the write access, read access can start. The host sends the device address of the

MFRC523. In response, the MFRC523 sends the content of the read access register. In

one frame all data bytes can be read from the same register address. This enables fast

FIFO buffer access or register polling.

The Read/Write (R/W) bit is set to logic 1.

Fig 17. Register read and write access

001aak592

SA00

C-BUS

SLAVE ADDRESS

[A7:A0] JOINER REGISTER

ADDRESS [A5:A0]

write cycle

(W) ADATA

[7:0]

[0:n]

SA00

C-BUS

SLAVE ADDRESS

[A7:A0] JOINER REGISTER

ADDRESS [A5:A0]

read cycle

optional, if the previous access was on the same register address

(W) AP

S start condition

P stop condition

A acknowledge

A not acknowledge

W write cycle

R read cycle

C-BUS

SLAVE ADDRESS

[A7:A0]

sent by master

sent by slave

DATA

[7:0]

(R) A

DATA

[7:0] A

Product data sheet

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115237 21 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.3.4.8 High-speed mode

In High-speed mode (HS mode), the device can transfer information at data rates of up to

3.4 Mbit/s, while remaining fully downward-comp atible with Fast or Standard modes

(F/S modes) for bidirectional communication in a mixed-speed bus system.

8.3.4.9 High-speed transfer

To achieve data rates of up to 3.4 Mbit/s the following improvements have been made to

I2C-bus operation.

•The input s of the device in HS mode incorporate spike suppression, a Schmitt trigger

on the SDA and SCL inputs and different timing constants when compared to

F/S mode

•The output buffers of the device in HS mode incorporate slope control of the falling

edges of the SDA and SCL signals with different fall times compared to F/S mode

8.3.4.10 Serial data transfer format in HS mode

The HS mode serial data transfer format meets the Standard mode I2C-bus specification.

HS mode can only star t after all of the following conditions (all of which are in F/S m o de ):

1. START condition (S)

2. 8-bit master code (00001 XXXb)

3. Not-acknowled ge bit (A)

When HS mode start s, the active master sends a repeated START condition (Sr) fo llowed

by a 7-bit sla ve addr ess with a R/W b it addr ess and r eceives an ackn owledge bit (A) from

the selected MFRC5 2 3.

Data transfer continues in HS mode after the next repeated START (Sr), only switching

back to F/S mode after a ST OP condition (P). To reduce the overhead of the master code,

a master links a number of HS mode transfers, separated by repeated START conditions

(Sr).

Fig 18. I2C-bus HS mode protocol switch

F/S mode HS mode (current-source for SCL HIGH enabled) F/S mode

001aak749

AA A/ADATA

(n-bytes + A)

S R/WMASTER CODE Sr SLAVE ADDRESS

HS mode continues

Sr SLAVE ADDRESS

Product data sheet

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115237 22 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.3.4.11 Switching between F/S mode and HS mode

After reset and initiali zation, the MFRC523 is in Fast mode (which is in effe ct F/S mode as

Fast mode is downward-compatible with Standard mode). The connected MFRC523

recognizes the “S 00001XXX A” sequence and switches it s intern al circuitry from the Fast

mode setting to the HS mode setting.

The following actions are taken:

1. Adapt the SDA and SCL input filters according to the spike suppression requirement

in HS mode.

2. Adapt the slope control of the SDA output stages.

It is possible for system configurations that do not have other I2C-bus devices involved in

the communication to switch to HS mode permanently. This is implemented by setting

Status2Reg register’s I2CForceHS bit to logic 1. In permanent HS mo de, the master code

is not required to be sent. This is not defined in the specification and must only be used

when no other devices are connected on the bus. In addition, spikes on the I2C-bus lines

must be avoided because of the reduced spike suppression.

8.3.4.12 MFRC523 in lower speed modes

MFRC523 is fully downward-compatibl e and can be connected to an F/S mode I2C-bus

system. The device st ays in F/S mode and communicates a t F/S mode speeds because a

master code is not transmitted in this configuration.

Fig 19. I2C-bus HS mode protocol frame

msc618

8-bit master code 0000 1xxx AtH

F/S mode

HS mode If P then

F/S mode

If Sr (dotted lines)

then HS mode

16789 67891

1 2 to 5

2 to 5

6789

SDA high

SCL high

SDA high

SCL high

tHtFS

Sr Sr P

n + (8-bit data + A/A)

7-bit SLA R/W A

= Master current source pull-up

= Resistor pull-up

Product data sheet

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115237 23 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.4 Analog interface and contactless UART

8.4.1 General

The integrated cont actless UAR T supports the external host online with fr aming a nd error

checking of the protocol requir ements up to 84 8 kBd. An external circuit can be con nected

to the communication interface pins MFIN and MFOUT to modulate and demodulate the

data.

The contactless UART manage the pr otocol requirements for the communication

protocols in cooperation with the host. Protocol handling generates bit and byte-oriented

framing. In addition, it manages er ror detection such as parity and CRC, based on the

various supported contactless co mmunication protocols.

Remark: The size and tuning of the antenna and the power supply voltage have an

important impact on the achievable operating distance.

8.4.2 TX p-driver

The signal on pins TX1 and TX2 is the 13.5 6 MHz energy carrier modulated by an

envelope signal. It can be used to drive an antenna directly using a few passive

components for matching and filtering; see Section 15 on page 79. The signal on pins TX1

and TX2 can be configured using the TxControlReg register; see Section 9.2.2.5 on

page 48.

The modulation index can be set by adjusting the impedance of the drivers. The

impedance of the p-driver can be conf igured using registers CWGsPReg and

ModGsPReg. The impedance of the n-driver can be configured using the GsNReg

The TxModeReg and TxSelReg registers control the data rate and framing during

transmission and the antenna driver setting to suppo rt the different requirements at the

different modes and tr ansfer speeds.

[1] X = Do not care.

Table 16. Register and bit settings controlling the signal on pin TX1

Bit

Tx1RFEn Bit

Force

100ASK

Bit

InvTx1RFOn Bit

InvTx1RFOff Envelope Pin

TX1 GSPMos GSNMos Remarks

[1] X[1] X[1] X[1] X[1] X[1] X[1] not specified if RF is

switched off

100 X

[1] 0 RF pMod n Mod 100 % ASK: pin TX1

pulled to logic 0,

independentl y of the

InvTx1RFOff bit

1RFpCWnCW

01 X

[1] 0 RF pMod nMod

1RFpCWnCW

11 X

[1] 0 0 pMod nMod

1RF_npCWnCW

Product data sheet

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115237 24 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

[1] X = Do not care.

The following abbreviatio ns have been used in Table 16 and Table 17:

•RF: 13.56 MHz clock derived from 27.12 MHz quartz crystal oscillator divided by 2

•RF_n: inverted 13.56 MHz clock

•GSPMos: conductance, configuration of the PMOS array

•GSNMos: conductance, configuration of the NMOS array

•pCW: PMOS conductance value for continuou s wave defined by the CWGsPReg

•pMod: PMOS conductance value for modulation defined by the ModGsPReg register

•nCW: NMOS conductance value for continuous wave defined by the GsNReg

•nMod: NMOS conductance value for modulation defined by the GsNReg register’s

ModGsN[3:0] bits

•X = Do not care

Remark: If only one driver is switched on, the values for CWGsPReg, ModGsPReg and

GsNReg registers are used for both drivers.

Table 17. Register and bit settings controlling the signal on pin TX2

Bit

Tx1RFEn Bit

Force

100ASK

Bit

Tx2CW Bit

InvTx2RFOn Bit

InvTx2RFOff Envelope Pin

TX2 GSPMos GSNMos Remarks

[1] X[1] X[1] X[1] X[1] X[1] X[1] X[1] not specified if

RF is switched

off

1000 X

[1] 0 RF pMod nMod -

1RFpCWnCW

[1] 0 RF_n pMod nMod

1RF_npCWnCW

10 X

[1] X[1] RF pCW nCW conductance

always CW for

the Tx2CW bit

[1] X[1] RF_n pCW nCW

100 X

[1] 0 0 pMod nMod 100 % ASK: pin

TX2 pulled

to logic 0

(independent of

the

InvTx2RFOn/Inv

Tx2RFOff bits)

1RFpCWnCW

[1] 0 0 pMod nMod

1RF_npCWnCW

10 X

[1] X[1] RF pCW nCW

[1] X[1] RF_n pCW nCW

Product data sheet

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115237 25 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.4.3 Serial data switch

Two main blocks are implemented in the MFRC523. Th e di gital block comprises the state

machines, encoder/decoder logic. The analog block comprises the modulator and

antenna drivers, the receiver and amplifiers. It is possible for the interface between these

two blocks to be configured so that the interfacing signals are routed to pins MFIN and

MFOUT. This topology allows the analog block of the MFRC523 to be connected to the

digital block of another device.

The serial signal switch is controlled by the TxSelReg and RxSelReg registers.

Figure 20 shows the serial data switch for TX1 and TX2.

8.4.4 MFIN and MFOUT interface support

The MFRC523 is divid ed in to a di gital circuit block an d an a nalo g circui t bl ock. The d igital

block cont ains sta te machines, encoder and decode r logic, etc. The an alog block cont ains

the modulator and antenna drivers, receiver and amplifiers. The interface between these

two blocks can be configured to enable the interfacing signals to be routed to pins MFIN

and MFOUT; see Figure 21 on page 26. This configuration is implemented using

TxSelReg register’s MFOutSel[3:0]/DriverSel[1:0] bits and RxSelReg register’s

UARTSel[1:0] bits. This topology allows some parts of the analog block to be connected to

the digital block of another device.

Switch MFOutSel in the TxSelReg register can be used to measure MIFARE and

ISO/IEC14443 A related signals. This is especially important during the design-in phase

or for testing purposes as it enables checking of the transmitted and received data.

The most import ant use of pins MFIN and MFOUT is found in the a ctive antenna concept.

An external active antenna circuit can be connected to the MFRC523’s digital block.

Switch MFOutSel must be configured so that the internal Miller encoded signal is sent to

pin MFOUT (MFOutSe l = 100b). UARTSel[1:0] must be configured to receive a

Manchester signal with subcarrier from pin MFIN (UARTSel[1:0] = 01).

It is possible to connect a passive antenna to pins TX1, TX2 and RX (using the

appropriate filter and matching circuit) and an active antenna to pins MFOUT and M FIN at

the same time. In this configuration, two RF circuits can b e driven (o ne af ter another ) by a

single host processor.

Remark: Pins MFIN and MFOUT have a dedicated supp ly on pin SVDD with the ground

on pin PVSS.

Fig 20. Serial data switch for TX1 and TX2

001aak593

INTERNAL

CODER INVERT IF

InvMod = 1

DriverSel[1:0]

3-state

to driver TX1 and TX2

0 = impedance = modulated

1 = impedance = CW

INVERT IF

PolMFin = 0

MFIN

envelope

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx

Product data sheet

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115237 26 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

Fig 21. Overview of MFIN and MFOUT signal routing

001aal161

MILLER

CODER MFOutSel[3:0]

UART

Sel[1:0]

MFOUT

MFIN

TX bit stream

DIGITAL MODULE

MFRC523 ANALOG MODULE

MFRC523

RX bit stream

3-state

LOW

HIGH

test bus

internal envelope

TX serial data stream

reserved

RX serial data stream

MANCHESTER

DECODER

SUBCARRIER

DEMODULATOR

DRIVER

Sel[1:0]

3-state

internal envelope

HIGH

envelope from pin MFIN

LOW

Manchester with subcarrier

internal modulated

NRZ coding without subcarrier (> 106 kBd)

MODULATOR DRIVER TX2

TX1

DEMODULATOR

Product data sheet

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

8.4.5 CRC coprocessor

The following CRC coprocessor parameters can be configured:

•The CRC preset value can be either 0000h, 6363h, A671h or FFFFh depending on

the ModeReg register’s CRCPreset[1:0] bits setting

•The CRC polynomial for the 16-bit CRC is fixed to x16 +x

12 +x

5+1

•The CRCResultReg register indicates the resu lt of the CRC calculation. This register

is split into two 8-bit registers representing the higher and lower bytes.

•The ModeReg register ’s MSB first bit indicates that data will be loaded with the MSB

first.

8.5 FIFO buffer

An 8 64 bit FIFO buffer is used in the MFRC523. It buffers the input and output data

stream between the host and the MFRC523’s internal state machine. This makes it

possible to manage data streams up to 64 bytes long without the need to take timing

constraints into account.

8.5.1 Accessing the FIFO buffer

The FIFO buffer input and output data bus is connected to the FIFODataReg register.

Writing to this register stores one byte in the FIFO buffer and increments the internal FIFO

buffer write pointer. Reading from this register shows the FIFO buffer contents stored in

the FIFO buffer read pointer and decrements the FIFO buffer read pointer. The distance

between the write and read pointer can be obta ined by reading the FIFOLevelReg

When the microcontroller starts a command, the MFRC523 can, while the command is in

progress, access the FIFO buffer according to that command. Only one FIFO buffer has

been implemented which can be used for input and output. The microcontroller must

ensure that there are not any unintentional FIFO buffer accesses.

8.5.2 Controlling the FIFO buffer

The FIFO buffer pointers can be reset by setting FIFOLevelReg register’s FlushBuffer bit

to logic 1. Consequently, the FIFOLevel[6:0] bits are all set to logic 0 and the ErrorReg

accessible allowing the FIFO buffer to be filled with another 64 bytes.

8.5.3 FIFO buffer status information

The host can get the follo wing FIFO buffer status information:

•Number of bytes stored in the FIFO bu ffer: FIFOLevelReg register’s FIFOLevel[6:0]

•FIFO buffer almost full warning: Status1Reg register’s HiAlert bit

Table 18. CRC coprocessor parameters

Parameter Value

CRC register length 16-bit CRC

CRC algorithm algorithm according to ISO/IEC 1 4443 A and ITU-T

CRC preset value 0000h, 6363h, A671h or FFFFh depending on the setting of the

ModeReg register’s CRCPreset[1:0] bits

Product data sheet

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

•FIFO buffer almost empt y warn ing : Status1Reg register’s LoAlert bit

•FIFO buffer overflow warning: ErrorReg register’s BufferOvfl bit. The BufferOvfl bit

can only be cleared by settin g the FIF O LevelReg register’s FlushBuffer bit.

The MFRC523 can generate an interrupt signal when:

•ComIEnReg register’s LoAlertIEn bit is set to logic 1. It activates pin IRQ when

Status1Reg register’s LoAlert bit changes to logic 1.

•ComIEnReg register’s HiAlertIEn bit is set to logic 1. It activates pin IRQ when

Status1Reg register’s HiAlert bit changes to logic 1.

If the maximum number of WaterLevel[5:0] bits (as set in the WaterLevelReg register) or

less are stored in the FIFO buffe r, the HiAlert bit is set to logic 1. It is generated according

to Equation 3:

(3)

If the number of WaterLevel[5:0] bits (as set in the WaterLevelReg register) or less are

stored in the FIFO buffer, the LoAlert bit is set to logic 1. It is generated according to

Equation 4:

(4)

8.6 Interrupt request system

The MFRC523 indicates certain event s by setting the Status1Reg register’s IRq bit and, if

activated, by pin IRQ. The signal on pin IRQ can be used to interrupt the host using its

interrupt handling capabilities. This allows the implementation of efficient host software.

8.6.1 Interrupt sources overview

Table 19 shows the available interrupt bits , the corresponding source and the condition for

its activation. The ComIrqReg register’s TimerIRq interrupt bit indicates an interrupt set by

the timer unit which is set when the timer decrements from 1 to 0.

The ComIrqReg register’s TxIRq bit indica tes that the transmitter has finished. If the state

changes from send ing data to tran smitting the end of the frame pattern, the transmitter

unit automatically sets the interrupt bit. The CRC coprocessor sets the DivIrqReg

CRCReady bit = 1.

The ComIrqReg register’s RxIRq bit indicates an interrupt when the end of the received

data is detected. The ComIrqReg register’s IdleIRq bit is set if a command finishes and

the Command[3:0] value in the CommandReg register changes to idle (see Table 150 on

page 68).

The ComIrqReg register’s HiAlertIRq bit is set to logic 1 when the Status1Reg register’s

HiAlert bit is set to logic 1 which means that the FI FO buffer has reached the level

indicated by the WaterLevel[5:0] bits.

The ComIrqReg register’s LoAlertIRq bit is set to logic 1 when the Status1Reg register’s

LoAlert bit is set to logic 1 which means that the FIFO buffer has reached the level

indicated by the WaterLevel[5:0] bits.

HiAlert 64 FIFOLength–WaterLevel=

LoAlert FIFOLength WaterLevel=

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

The ComIrqReg register’s ErrIRq bit indicate s an error detected by the contactless UART

during send or receive. This is indicated when any bit is set to logic 1 in register ErrorReg.

8.7 T imer unit

The MFRC523A has a timer unit which the externa l host can use to ma nage timing tasks.

The timer unit can be used in one of the following timer/co unter configurations:

•Timeout counte r

•Watchdog counter

•Stop watch

•Programmable one shot

•Periodic trigger

The timer unit can be used to measure the time interval between two events or to indicate

that a specific event occurred after a specific time. The timer can be triggered by events

explained in the paragraphs below. The timer does not influence any internal events, for

example, a time-out during data reception does not automatically influence the reception

process. In addition, several timer-related bits can be use d to generate an interrupt.

The timer has an input clock of 13.56 MHz derived from the 27.12 MHz quartz crystal

oscillator. The timer consists of two stages: prescaler and counter.

The prescaler (TPrescaler) is a 12-bit counter . The reload values (TReloadV al_Hi[7:0] and

TReloadVal_Lo[7:0]) for TPrescaler can be set between 0 and 4095 in the TModeReg

The reload value for the counter is defined by 16 bits between 0 and 65535 in the

TReloadReg register.

The current value of the timer is indicated in the TCounterValReg register.

When the counter reaches 0, an interrupt is automatically generated, indicated by the

ComIrqReg register’s TimerIRq bit setting. If enabled, this event can be indicated on

pin IRQ. The TimerIRq bit can be set and reset by the host. Depending on the

configuration, the timer will stop at 0 or restart with the value set in the TReloadReg

The timer status is indicated by the Status1Reg register’s TRunning bit.

Table 19. Interrupt sources

Interrupt flag Interrupt source Trigger action

TimerIRq timer unit the timer counts from 1 to 0

TxIRq transmitter a transmitted data stream ends

CRCIRq CRC coprocessor all data from the FIFO buffer has been processed

RxIRq receiver a received data stream ends

IdleIRq ComIrqReg register command execution finishes

HiAlertIRq FIFO buffer the FIFO buffer is almost full

LoAlertIRq FIFO buffer the FIFO buffer is almost empty

ErrIRq contactless UART an error is detected

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

The timer can be started manually using the ControlReg register’s TStartNow bit and

stopped using the ControlReg register’s TStopNow bit.

The timer can also be activated automatically to meet any d edicated protocol

requirements, by setting the TModeReg register’s TAuto bit to logic 1.

The delay time of a timer stage is set by the reload value + 1. The total delay time (td) is

calculated using Equation 5:

(5)

or if the TPrescalEven bit is set, using Equation 6:

(6)

An example of calculating total delay time (td) is shown in Equation 7, wh er e th e

TPrescaler value = 4095 and TReloadVal = 65535:

(7)

Example: To give a delay time of 25 s requires 339 clock cycles to be counted and a

TPrescaler value of 169. This configures the timer to count up to 65535 time-slots for

every 25 s period.

8.8 Power reduction modes

8.8.1 Hard power-down

Hard power-down is enabled when pin NRSTPD is LOW. This turns of f all internal current

sinks including the oscillator. All digit al input buff ers are separated from the input pins and

clamped internally (except pin NRSTPD). The output pins are frozen at either a HIGH or

LOW level.

8.8.2 Soft power-down mode

Soft power-down mode is entered immediately af ter the CommandReg register’s

PowerDown bit is set to logic 1. All internal current sinks are switched off, including the

oscillator buffer. However, the digital input buffers are not separated from the input pins

and keep their functionality. The digital output pins do not change their state.

During soft power-down, all register values, the FIFO buffer content and the configuration

keep their current contents.

After setting the PowerDown bit to logic 0 , it takes 1024 clocks until the Soft power-down

mode is exited indicated by the PowerDown bit. Setting it to logic 0 does not immediately

clear it. It is automatically cleared by the MFRC523 when Soft power-down mode is

exited.

Remark: When the internal oscillator is used, time (tosc) is required for the oscillator to

become stable. This is because the internal oscillator is supplied by VDDA and any clock

cycles will not be detected by the internal logic until VDDA is stable. It is recommended for

the serial UART, to first send the value 55h to the MFRC523. The osc illator must be stable

tdTPrescaler 2 1+TReloadVal 1+

13.56 MHz

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

tdTPrescaler 2 2+TReloadVal 1+

13.56 MHz

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

39.59 s 4095 2 1+65535 1+

13.56 MHz

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Product data sheet

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Contactless reader IC

for further access to the registers. To ensure this, perform a read access to address 0 until

the MFRC523 answers to the last read command with the register content of address 0.

This indicates that the MFRC523 is ready.

8.8.3 Transmitter Power-down mode

The Transmitter Power-down mode switches off the internal antenna drivers and the RF

field. Transmitter Power-down mode is entered by setting either the TxControlReg

8.9 Oscillator circuit

The clock applied to the MFRC523 provides a time basis for the synchronous system’s

encoder and decoder. The stability of the clock frequency is an important factor for correct

operation. To obtain optimum perfor mance, clock jitter must be reduced as much as

possible. This is best achieved using the internal oscillator buffer with the recommended

circuitry.

If an external clock source is used, the clock signal must be applied to pin OSCIN. In this

case, be very careful in optimizing clock duty cycle and clock jitter. Ensure the clock

quality has been verified.

8.10 Reset and oscillator start-up time

8.10.1 Reset timing requirements

The reset signal is filtered by a hysteresis circuit and a spike filter before it enters the

digital circuit. The spike filter rejects signals shorter than 10 ns. In order to perform a reset,

the signal must be LOW for at least 100 ns.

8.10.2 Oscillator start-up time

If the MFRC523 has been set to a Power -down mode o r is powered by a VDDX supply, the

start-up time for the MFRC523 depends on the oscillator used and is shown in Figure 23.

The time (tstartup) is the start-up time of the crystal oscillator circuit. The crystal oscillator

start-up time is defined by the crystal.

The time (td) is the internal delay time of the MFRC523 whe n the clock signal is stabl e

before the MFRC523 can be addressed.

Fig 22. Quartz crystal co nn e ction

001aal162

MFRC523

27.12 MHz

OSCOUT OSCIN

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The delay time is calculated by:

(8)

The time (tosc) is the sum of td and tstartup.

9. MFRC523 registers

9.1 Register bit behavior

Depending on the functionality o f a register, the access conditions to the register can vary.

In principle, bits with same behavior are grouped in common registers. The access

conditions are described in Table 20.

Fig 23. Oscillator start-up time

td1024

27 s

--------------37.74 s==

001aak596

tstartup td

tosc

device activation

oscillator

clock stable

clock ready

Table 20. Behavior of register bits and their designation

Abbreviation Behavior Description

R/W read and write These bits can be written and read by the microcontroller. Since

they are used only for control purposes, their content is not

influenced by internal state machines, for example the

ComIEnReg register can be written and read by the

microcontroller. It will also be read by internal state machines but

never changed by them.

D dynamic These bits can be written and read by the microcontroller.

Nevertheless, they can also be written automatically by internal

state machines, for example the CommandReg register changes

its value automatically after the execution of the command.

R read only These register bits hold values which are determined by internal

states only, for example the CRCReady bit cannot be written

externally but shows internal states.

W write only Reading these registe r bi ts always return s zero.

reserved - Registers which are indicated as being reserved must not be

changed. However, in the case of a write access, it is

recommended that 0 is always written.

- Registers which are indicated as bei ng reserved for future use or

are for production tests must not be changed.

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9.1.1 MFRC523 register overview

Table 21. MFRC523 register overview

Subaddress

(Hex) Register name Function Refer to

Page 0: Command and status

00h Reserved reserved for future use Table 22 on page 36

01h CommandReg starts and stops command execution Table 24 on page 36

02h ComlEnReg enable and disable inte rrupt request control bits Table 26 on page 37

03h DivlEnReg enable and disable interrupt request control bits Tab l e 28 on page 37

04h ComIrq R eg interrupt request bits Table 30 on page 38

05h DivIrqReg interrupt request bits Table 32 on page 39

06h ErrorReg error bits showing the error status of the last command executed Table 36 on page 40

07h Status1Reg communication status bits Table 36 on page 40

08h Status2Reg receiver and transmitter status bits Table 38 on page 41

09h FIFODataReg input and output of 64 byte FIFO buffer Table 40 on page 42

0Ah FIFOLevelReg number of bytes stored in the FIFO buffer Table 42 on page 42

0Bh WaterLevelReg level for FIFO underflow and overflow warning Table 44 on page 43

0Ch ControlReg miscellaneous control registers Table 46 on page 43

0Dh BitFramingReg adjustments for bit-oriented frames Table 48 on page 44

0Eh CollReg bit position of the first bit-co llision detected on the RF interface Table 50 on page 44

0Fh Reserved reserved for future use Table 52 on page 45

Page 1: Command

10h Reserved reserved for future use Table 54 on page 45

11h Mod eReg defines general mode s for transmitting and receiving Table 56 on page 46

12h TxModeReg defines transmission data rate and framing Table 58 on page 47

13h RxModeReg defines reception data rate and framing Table 60 on page 47

14h TxControlReg controls the antenna driver pins TX1 and TX2 Table 62 on page 48

15h TxASKReg controls the setting of the transmission modul ation Table 64 on page 49

16h TxSelReg selects the internal sources for the antenna driver Table 66 on page 49

17h RxSelReg selects internal receiver settings Table 68 on page 50

18h RxThresholdReg selects thresholds for the bit decoder Table 70 on page 51

19h DemodReg defines demodulator settings Table 72 on page 51

1Ah Reserved reserved for future use Table 74 on page 52

1Bh Reserved reserved for future use Table 76 on page 52

1Ch MfTxReg controls MIFARE communication transmit parameters Table 78 on page 52

1Dh MfRxReg controls MIFARE communication receive parameters Table 80 on page 53

1Eh TypeBReg controls the ISO/IEC 14443 B functionality Table 82 on page 53

1Fh SerialSpeedReg selects the speed of the serial UART interface Table 84 on page 54

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Page 2: Configuration

20h Reserved reserved for future use Table 86 on page 55

21h CRCResultReg shows the MSB and LSB values of the CRC calculation Table 88 on page 55

22h CRCResultReg shows the MSB and LSB values of the CRC calculation Table 90 on page 55

23h Reserved reserved for future use Table 92 on page 56

24h ModWidthReg controls the Mo dW i dth setting Table 94 on page 56

25h Reserved reserved for future use Table 96 on page 56

26h RFCfgReg configures the receiver gain Table 98 on page 57

27h GsNReg selects the conductance of the antenna driver pins TX1 and TX2

for modulation Table 100 on

page 57

28h CWGsPReg defines the conductance of the p-driver output when not active Table 102 on

page 58

29h ModGsPReg defines the conductance of the p-driver output during modulation Table 104 on

page 58

2Ah TModeReg defines settings fo r the internal timer Table 106 on

page 58

2Bh TPrescalerReg Table 108 on

page 59

2Ch TReloadReg defines the 16-bit timer reload value Table 110 on page 60

2Dh TReloadReg defines the 16-bit timer reload value Table 112 on page 60

2Eh TCounterValReg shows the 16-bit timer value Table 114 on page 60

2Fh TCounterValReg shows the 16-bit timer value Table 116 on page 61

Page 3: Test register

30h Reserved reserved for future use Table 118 on page 61

31h TestSel1Reg general test signal configuration Table 120 on

page 61

32h TestSel2Reg general test signal configuration and PRBS control Table 122 on

page 62

33h TestPinEnReg e nables pin output driver on pins D1 to D7 Table 124 on

page 62

34h TestPinValueReg defines the values for D1 to D7 when it is used as an I/O bus Table 126 on

page 63

35h TestBusReg shows the status of the internal test bus Table 128 on

page 63

36h AutoTestReg controls the digital self-test Table 130 on

page 63

37h VersionReg shows the software version Table 132 on

page 64

38h AnalogTestReg controls the pins AUX1 an d AUX2 Table 134 on

page 64

39h TestDAC1Reg d efines the test value for TestDAC1 Table 136 on

page 66

Table 21. MFRC523 register overview …continued

Subaddress

(Hex) Register name Function Refer to

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3Ah TestDAC2Reg defines the test value for TestDAC2 Table 138 on

page 66

3Bh TestADCReg shows the value of ADC I-channel and Q-channel Table 140 on

page 66

3Ch to 3Fh Reserved reserved for production tests Table 142 to

Table 148 on

page 67

Table 21. MFRC523 register overview …continued

Subaddress

(Hex) Register name Function Refer to

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9.2 Register descriptions

9.2.1 Page 0: Command and status

9.2.1.1 Reserved register 00h

Functionality is reserved for future use.

9.2.1.2 CommandReg register

Starts and stops command execution.

Table 22. Reserved register (address 00h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 23. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 to 0 reserved - reserved for future use

Table 24. CommandReg reg ister (address 01h); reset value: 20h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol: 00 RcvOff PowerDown Command[3:0]

Access: - R/W D D

Table 25. CommandRe g register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 to 6 00 0 reserved

5 RcvOff 1 analog part of the receiver is switched off

4 PowerDown 1 Soft Power-down mode entered

0 MFRC523 starts the wake up procedure during which this bit is

read as a logic 1; it is read as a logic 0 when the MFRC523 is

ready; see Section 8.8.2 on page 30

Remark: The PowerDown bit cannot be set when the SoftReset

command is activated

3 to 0 Command [3:0] - activates a command based on th e C ommand value; read i n g th i s

page 68

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9.2.1.3 ComIEnReg register

Control bits to enable and disable the p assing of interrupt requests.

9.2.1.4 DivIEnReg register

Control bits to enable and disable the p assing of interrupt requests.

Table 26. ComIEnReg register (address 02h); reset value: 80h b it allo cation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol IRqInv TxIEn RxIEn IdleIEn HiAlertIEn LoAlertIEn ErrIEn TimerIEn

Access R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W

Table 27. ComIEnReg register bit description s

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 IRqInv 1 signal on pin IRQ is inverted with respect to the S tatus1Reg register’s IRq

bit

0 signal on pin IRQ is equal to the IRq bit; in combination with the

DivIEnReg register’s IRqPushPull bit, the default value of logic 1 ensures

that the output level on pin IRQ is 3-state

6 TxIEn - allows the transmitter interrupt request (TxIRq bit) to be propagated to pin

IRQ

5 RxIEn - allows the receiver interrupt request (RxIRq bit) to be propagated to pin

IRQ

4 IdleIEn - allows the idle interrupt request (IdleIRq bit) to be propagated to pin IRQ

3 HiAlertIEn - allows the high alert interrupt request (HiAlertIRq bit) to be propagated to

pin IRQ

2 LoAlertIEn - allows the low alert interrupt request (LoAlertIRq bit) to be propagated to

pin IRQ

1 ErrIEn - allows the error interrupt request (ErrIRq bit) to be propagated to pin IRQ

0 TimerIEn - allows the timer interrupt request (TimerIRq bit) to be propagated to pin

IRQ

Table 28. DivIEnReg register (address 03h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol IRQPushPull reserved MfinActIEn reserved CRCIEn reserved

Access R/W - R/W - R/W -

Table 29. DivIEnReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 IRQPushPull 1 pin IRQ is a standard CMOS output pin

0 pin IRQ is an open-drain output pin

6 to 5 reserved - reserved for future use

4 MfinActIEn - allows the MFIN active interrupt reque st to be propagated to

pin IRQ

3 reserved - reserved for future use

2 CRCIEn - allows the CRC interrupt request, indicated by the DivIrqReg

1 to 0 reserved - reserved for future use

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9.2.1.5 ComIrqReg register

Interrupt request bits.

Table 30. ComIrqReg reg ister (address 04h); reset value: 14h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol Set1 TxIRq RxIRq IdleIRq HiAlertIRq LoAlertIRq ErrIRq TimerIRq

Access W D D D D D D D

Table 31. ComIrqReg register bit descriptions

All bits in the ComIrqReg register are cleared by software.

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 Set1 1 indicates that the marked bits in the ComIrqReg register are set

0 i ndicates that the marke d bits in the ComIrqReg register are cleared

6 TxIRq 1 set immediately after the last bit of the transmitted data was sent out

5 RxIRq 1 receiver has detected the end of a val id data stream

if the RxModeReg register’s RxNoErr bit is set to logic 1, the RxIRq bit is

only set to logic 1 when data bytes are available in the FIFO

4 IdleIRq 1 if a command terminates, for example, when the CommandReg changes

its value from any command to the Idle command (see Table 150 on

page 68)

if an unknown command is started, the CommandReg register

Command[3:0] value changes to the idle state and the IdleIRq bit is set

the microcontroller starting the Idle command does not set the IdleIRq bit

3 HiAlertIRq 1 the Status1Reg register’s HiAlert bit is set

the HiAlertIRq bit stores this event and can only be reset as indicated by

the Set1 bit in this register

2 LoAlertIRq 1 Status1Reg register’s LoAlert bit is set

the LoAlertIRq bit stores this event and can only be reset as indicated by

the Set1 bit in this register

1 ErrIRq 1 any error bit in the ErrorReg register is set

0 TimerIRq 1 the timer decrements the timer value in register TCounterValReg to zero

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9.2.1.6 DivIrqReg register

Interrupt request bits.

Table 32. DivIrqReg register (address 05h); reset value: x0h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol Set2 reserved MfinActIRq reserved CRCIRq reserved

Access W - D - D -

Table 33. DivIrqReg register bit descrip tions

All bits in the DivIrqReg register are cleared by software.

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 Set2 1 indicates that the marked bits in the DivIrqReg register are set

0 indicates that the marked bits in the DivIrqReg register are cleared

6 to 5 reserved - reserved for future use

4 MfinActIRq 1 MFIN is active; this interrupt is set when either a rising or falling signal

edge is detected

3 reserved - reserved for future use

2 CRCIRq 1 the CalcCRC command is active and all data is processed

1 to 0 reserved - reserved for future use

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9.2.1.7 ErrorReg register

Error bit register showing the error status of the last command executed.

[1] Command execution clears all error bits except the TempErr bit. Cannot be set by software.

9.2.1.8 Status1Reg register

Contains status bits of the CRC, interrupt and FIF O bu ffer.

Table 34. ErrorReg register (ad dre ss 06h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol WrErr TempErr reserved BufferOvfl CollErr CRCErr ParityErr ProtocolErr

Access R R - R R R R R

Table 35. ErrorReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 WrErr 1 data is written into the FIFO buffer by the host during the MFAuthent

command or if data is written into the FIFO buffer by the host during the

time between sending the last bit on the RF interface and receiving the

last bit on the RF interface

6 TempErr[1] 1 internal temperature sensor detects overheating, in which case the

antenna drivers are automati ca l ly switched of f

5 reserved - reserved for future use

4 BufferOvfl 1 the host or a MFRC523’s internal state machine (e.g. receiver) tries to

write data to the FIFO buffer even though it is already full

3 CollErr 1 a bit-collision is detected

cleared automati cally at receiver start-up phase

only valid du ri n g th e bit w ise anticollisi o n at 106 kBd

always set to logic 0 during communication pro toco ls at 212 kBd,

424 kBd and 848 kBd

2 CRCErr 1 the RxModeReg register’s RxCRCEn bit is set and the CRC calculation

fails

automatically cleared to logic 0 during receiver start-up phase

1 ParityErr 1 parity check failed

automatically cleared during receiver start-up phase

only valid for ISO/IEC 14443 A/MIFA RE communication at 106 kBd

0 ProtocolErr 1 set to logic 1 if the SOF is incorrect

automatically cleared during receiver start-up phase

bit is only valid for 106 kBd

during the MF Authent command, the ProtocolErr bit is set to logic 1 if the

number of bytes received in one data stream is incorrect

Table 36. Status1Reg register (address 07h); reset value: 21h bit alloca tion

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved CRCOk CRCReady IRq TRunning reserved HiAlert LoAlert

Access - R R R R - R R

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9.2.1.9 Status2Reg register

Contains status bits of the receiver, transmitter and dat a mode detector.

Table 37. Status1Reg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 reserved - reserved for future use

6 CRCOk 1 the CRC result is zero

the CRCOk bit is undefined for data transmission and reception: use

the ErrorReg register’s CRCErr bit

indicates the status of the CRC coprocessor, during calculation the

value changes to logic 0, when the calculation is done correctly the

value changes to logic 1

5 CRCReady 1 the CRC calculation has finished; on ly valid for the CRC coprocessor

calculation using the CalcCRC command

4 IRq - indicates if any interrupt source requests attention with respect to the

setting of the interrupt enable bits: see the ComIEnReg and DivIEnReg

registers

3 TRunning 1 MFRC523’s timer unit is running, i.e. the timer will decrement the

TCounterValReg register with th e ne xt timer clock

Remark: in gated mode, the TRunning bit is set to logic 1 when the

timer is enabled by TModeReg register’s TGated[1:0] bits; this bit is not

influenced by the gated signal

2 reserved - reserved for future use

1 HiAlert 1 the alert level fo r the number of bytes in the FIFO buffer

(FIFOLength[6:0]) is:

otherwise value = logic 0

Example:

FIFOLength = 60, WaterLevel = 4 then HiAlert = logic 1

FIFOLength = 59, WaterLevel = 4 then HiAlert = logic 0

0 LoAlert 1 the alert level fo r number of bytes in the FIFO buffer (FIFOLength[6:0])

is: otherwise value = logic 0

Example:

FIFOLength = 4, WaterLevel = 4 then LoAlert = logic 1

FIFOLength = 5, WaterLevel = 4 then LoAlert = logic 0

HiAlert 64 FIFOLength–WaterLevel=

LoAlert FIFOLength WaterLevel=

Table 38. Status2Reg register (address 08h); reset value: 00h bit alloca tion

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TempSensClear I2CForceHS reserved MFCrypto1On ModemState[2:0]

Access R/W R/W - D R

Table 39. Status2Reg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 TempSensClear 1 clears the temperature error if the temperature is below the

alarm limit of 125 C

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9.2.1.10 FIFODataReg register

Input and output of 64 byte FIFO buffer.

9.2.1.11 FIFOLevelReg register

Indicates the number of bytes stored in the FIFO.

2CForceHS I2C-bus input filter settings:

1the I

2C-bus input filter is set to the High-speed mode

independent of the I2C-bus protocol

0the I

2C-bus input filter is set to the I2C-bus protocol used

5 to 4 reserved - reserved

3 MFCrypto1On - indicates that the MIFARE Crypto1 unit is switched on and

all data communication with the card is encrypted; this bit is

cleared by software; can only be set to logic 1 by a

successful execution of the MF Authent command only valid

in Read/Write mode for MIFARE standard cards

2 to 0 ModemState[2:0] - shows the state of the transmitter and receiver state

machines:

000 idle

001 wait for the BitFramingReg register’s StartSend bit

010 TxWait: wait until RF field is present if the TModeReg

time for TxWait is defined by the TxWaitReg register

011 transmitting

100 RxWait: wait until RF field is present if the TModeReg

time for RxWait is defined by the RxWaitReg register

101 wait for data

110 receiving

Table 39. Status2Reg register bit descriptions …continued

Bit Symbol Value Description

Table 40. FIFODataReg register (address 09h); reset value: xxh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol FIFOData[7:0]

Access D

Table 41. FIFODataReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 FIFOData[7:0] data input and output port for the internal 64-byte FIFO buffer. FIFO

buffer acts as p arallel in/parallel out converter for all serial data stream

inputs and outputs

Table 42. FIFOLevelReg reg is t er (address 0Ah); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol FlushBuffer FIFOLevel[6:0]

Access W R

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9.2.1.12 WaterLevelRe g register

Defines the level for FIFO under- and overflow warning.

9.2.1.13 ControlReg register

Miscellaneous control bits.

Table 43. FIFOLevelReg regist er bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 FlushBuffer 1 immediately clears th e internal FIFO buffer’s read and write

pointer and ErrorReg register’s Buf ferOvfl bit. Reading this bit

always returns 0

6 to 0 FIFOLevel[6:0] - indicates the number of bytes stored in the FIFO buffer . W riting to

the FIFODataReg register increments and reading decrements

the FIFOLevel value

Table 44. WaterLevelReg register (address 0Bh); reset value: 08h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved WaterLevel[5:0]

Access - R/W

Table 45. WaterLevelReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 6 reserved reserved for future use

5 to 0 WaterLevel[5:0] defines a warning level to indicate a FIFO buffer overflow or underflow:

Status1Reg register’s HiAlert bit is set to logic 1 if the remaining

number of bytes in the FIFO buffer space is equal to, or less than the

defined number of WaterLevel[5:0] bits

St atus1Reg register’s LoAlert bit is set to logic 1 if equal to, or less

than the WaterLevel[5:0] bits in the FIFO buffer

Remark: to calculate values for HiAlert and LoAlert, see

Section 9.2 .1.9 on page 41.

Table 46. ControlReg register (address 0Ch); reset value: 10h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TStopNow TStartNow reserved RxLastBits[2:0]

Access W W - R

Table 47. ControlReg re gister bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 TStopNow 1 timer stops immediately

6 TStartNow 1 timer starts immediately. Reading this bit always returns it to 0

5 to 3 reserved - reserved for future use

2 to 0 RxLastBits[2:0] - indicates the number of valid bits in the last received byte. If this

value is zero, the whole byte is valid

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9.2.1.14 BitFramingReg register

Adjustments for bit-oriented frames.

9.2.1.15 CollReg register

Defines the first bit-collision detected on the RF interface.

Table 48. BitFramingReg re gister (address 0Dh); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol StartSend RxAlign[2:0] reserved TxLastBits[2:0]

Access W R/W - R/W

Table 49. BitFramingReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 StartSend 1 starts the transmission of data

only valid in combina tion with the Transceive command

6 to 4 RxAlign[2:0] used for reception of bit-oriented frames: defines the bit

position for the first bit received to be stored in the FIFO buffer

example:

0 LSB of the received bit is stored at bit position 0, the second

received bit is stored at bit position 1

1 LSB of the received bit is stored at bit position 1, the second

received bit is stored at bit position 2

7 LSB of the received bit is stored at bit position 7, the second

received bit is stored in the next byte that follows at bit

position 0

These bits are only to be used for bitwise anticollision at

106 kBd, for all other modes they ar e se t to 0

3 reserved - reserved for future use

2 to 0 TxLastBits[2:0] - u sed for transmission of bit oriented frames: defin es the

number of bits of the last byte that will be transmitted. 000b

indicates that all bits of the last byte will be transmitted

Table 50. CollReg register (address 0Eh); reset value: xxh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol ValuesAfterColl reserved CollPosNotValid CollPos[4:0]

Access R/W - R R

Table 51. CollReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 ValuesAfterColl 0 all received bits will be cleared after a collision

only used during bitwise anticoll ision at 106 kBd,

otherwise it is set to logic 1

6 reserved - reserved for future use

5 CollPosNotValid 1 no collision detected or the position of the collision is

out of the range of CollPos[4:0]

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9.2.1.16 Reserved register 0Fh

Functionality is reserved for future use.

9.2.2 Page 1: Communication

9.2.2.1 Reserved register 10h

Functionality is reserved for future use.

4 to 0 CollPos[4:0] - shows the bit position of the first detected collision in a

received frame

only data bits are interpreted

example:

00h indicates a bit-collision in the 32nd bit

01h indicates a bit-collision in the 1st bit

08h indicates a bit-collision in the 8th bit

these bits will only be interpreted if the

CollPosNotVa lid bit is set to logic 0

Table 51. CollReg register bit descriptions …continued

Bit Symbol Value Description

Table 52. Reserved register (address 0Fh); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 53. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for future use

Table 54. Reserved register (address 10h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 55. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for future use

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Contactless reader IC

9.2.2.2 ModeReg register

Defines general mode settings for transmitting and receiving.

Table 56. ModeReg register (add ress 11h); reset value: 3Fh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol MSBFirst reserved TxWaitRF reserved PolMFin reserved CRCPreset[1:0]

Access R/W - R/W - R/W - R/W

Table 57. ModeReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 MSBFirst 1 CRC coprocessor calculates the CRC with MSB first. In the

CRCResultReg register the values for the CRCResultMSB[7:0]

bits and the CRCResultLSB[7:0] bits are bit reversed

Remark: during RF communication this bit is ignored

6 reserved - reserved for future use

5 T xWaitRF 1 transmitter can only be started if an RF field is generated

4 reserved - reserved for future use

3 PolMFin defines the polarity of pin MFIN

Remark: the internal envelope sign al is encoded active LOW,

changing this bit generates a MFinActIRq event

1 polarity of pin MFIN is active HIGH

0 polarity of pin MFIN is active LOW

2 reserved - reserved for future use

1 to 0 CRCPreset

[1:0] defines the preset value for the CRC coprocessor for the CalcCRC

command

Remark: during any communication, the preset values are

selected automatically according to the definition of bits in the

RxModeReg and TxModeReg registers

00 0000h

01 6363h

10 A671h

11 FFFFh

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9.2.2.3 TxModeReg register

Defines the data rate during transmission.

9.2.2.4 RxModeReg register

Defines the data rate du ring reception.

Table 58. TxModeReg register (address 12h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TxCRCEn TxSpeed[2:0] InvMod TxFraming

Access R/W D R/W D

Table 59. TxModeReg reg iste r bit desc riptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 TxCRCEn 1 enables CRC generation during data transmission

Remark: can only be set to logic 0 at 106 k Bd

6 to 4 TxSpeed[2:0] defines the bit rate during data transmission

the MFRC523 handles transfer speeds up to

848 kBd

000 106 kBd

001 212 kBd

010 424 kBd

011 848 kBd

100 reserved

101 reserved

110 reserved

111 reserved

3 InvMod 1 modulation of transmitted data is inverted

2 to 0 TxFraming[1:0] defines the framing used for data transmission

00 ISO/IEC 14443 A/MIFARE

01 reserved

10 reserved

11 ISO/IEC 14443 B

Table 60. RxModeReg register (address 13h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol RxCRCEn RxSpeed[2:0] RxNoErr RxMultiple RxFraming

Access R/W D R/W R/W D

Table 61. RxModeReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 RxCRCEn 1 enables the CRC calculation during reception

Remark: can only be set to logic 0 at 106 kBd

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9.2.2.5 TxControlReg register

Controls the logical behavior of the antenna driver pins TX1 and TX2.

6 to 4 RxSpeed[2:0] defines the bit rate while receiving data. The MFRC523

manages transfer speeds up to 848 kBd

000 106 kBd

001 212 kBd

010 424 kBd

011 848 kBd

100 reserved

101 reserved

110 reserved

111 reserved

3 RxNoErr 1 an invalid received data stream (less than 4 bits received) will

be ignored and the receiver remains active

2 RxMultiple 0 receiver is deactivated after receiving a data frame

1 able to receive more than one data frame

only valid for data rates above 106 kBd in order to handle the

polling command

after setting this bit, the Receive and T ransceive commands will

not terminate automatically. Multiple reception can only be

deactivated by writing any command (except the Receive

command) to the CommandReg register , or by the host clearing

the bit

if set to logic 1, an error byte is added to the FIFO buffer at the

end of a received data stream which is a copy of the ErrorReg

1 to 0 RxFraming defines the expected framing for data reception

00 ISO/IEC 14443 A/MIFARE

01 reserved

10 reserved

11 ISO/IEC 14443 B

Table 61. RxModeReg register bit descriptions …continued

Bit Symbol Value Description

Table 62. TxControlReg register (address 14h); rese t value: 80h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol InvTx2RF

On InvTx1RF

On InvTx2RF

Off InvTx1RF

Off Tx2CW reserved Tx2RFEn Tx1RFEn

Access R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W - R/W R/W

Table 63. TxControlReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 InvTx2 RFOn 1 output signal on pin TX2 inverted when driver TX2 is enabled

6 InvTx1 RFOn 1 output signal on pin TX1 inverted when driver TX1 is enabled

5 InvTx2 RFOff 1 output signal on pin TX2 inverted when driver TX2 is disabled

4 InvTx1 RFOff 1 output signal on pin TX1 inverted when driver TX1 is disabled

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9.2.2.6 TxASKReg register

Controls transmit modulation settings.

9.2.2.7 TxSelReg register

Selects the internal sources for the analog module.

3 Tx2CW 1 output sign al on pin TX2 continuously delivers the unmodulated

13.56 MHz energy carrier

0 Tx2CW bit is enabled to modulate the 13.56 MHz energy carrier

2 reserved - reserved for future use

1 Tx2 RFEn 1 output signal on pin TX2 delivers the 13.56 MHz energy carrier

modulated by the transmission data

0 Tx1 RFEn 1 output signal on pin TX1 delivers the 13.56 MHz energy carrier

modulated by the transmission data

Table 63. TxControlReg register bit descriptions …continued

Bit Symbol Value Description

Table 64. TxASKReg register (address 15h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved Force100ASK reserved

Access - R/W -

Table 65. TxASKReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 reserved - reserved for future use

6 Force100ASK 1 forces 100 % ASK modulation independently of the ModGsPReg

5 to 0 reserved - reserved for future use

Table 66. TxSelReg register (address 16h); reset value: 10h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol: reserved DriverSel[1:0] MFOutSel[3:0]

Access: - R/W R/W

Table 67. TxSelReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 to 6 reserved - reserved for future use

5 to 4 DriverSel[1:0] - selects the input of drivers TX1 and TX2

00 3-st ate; in sof t power-down the drivers are only in 3-state

mode if the DriverSel[1:0] value is set to 3-state mode

01 modulation signal (envelope) from the internal encoder, Miller

pulse encoded

10 modulation signal (envelope) from pin MFIN

11 HIGH; the HIGH level depends on the setting of bits

InvTx1RFOn/InvTx1RFOff and InvTx2RFOn/InvTx2RFOff

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9.2.2.8 RxSelReg registe r

Selects internal receiver settings.

3 to 0 MFOutSel[3:0] selects the input for pin MFOUT

0000 3-state

0001 LOW

0010 HIGH

0011 test bus signal as defined by the TestSe l1Reg register’s

TstBusBi tSel[2:0] value

0100 modulation signal (envelop e) from the internal encoder, Miller

pulse encoded

0101 serial data stream to be transmitted, data stream before Miller

encoder

0110 reserved

0111 serial data stream received, data stream after Manchester

decoder

1000

1111

reserved

Table 67. TxSelReg register bit descriptions …continued

Bit Symbol Value Description

Table 68. RxSelReg register (address 17h); reset value: 84h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol UARTSel[1:0] RxWait[5:0]

Access R/W R/W

Table 69. RxSelReg register bit des cription s

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 to 6 UARTSel[1:0] selects the input of the contactless UART

00 constant LOW

01 Manchester with subcarrier from pin MFIN

10 modulated signal from the internal analog module, default

11 NRZ coding without subcarrier from pin MFIN which is only

valid for transfer speeds above 106 kBd

5 to 0 RxWait[5:0] - after data transmission the activation of the receiver is dela yed

for RxW ait bit-clocks, during this ‘frame guard time’ any signal on

pin RX is ignored

this parameter is ignored by the Receive command

all other commands, such as Transceive, MFAuthent use this

parameter

the counter starts immediately after the external RF field is

switched on

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9.2.2.9 RxThresholdReg register

Selects thresholds for the bit decoder.

9.2.2.10 DemodReg register

Defines demodulator settings.

Table 70. RxThresholdR eg register (address 18h); reset value: 84h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol MinLevel[3:0] reserved CollLevel[2:0]

Access R/W - R/W

Table 71. RxThresholdReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 4 MinLevel[3:0] defines the minimum signal strength at the decoder input that will be

accepted. If the signal strength is below this level it is not evaluated

3 rese rve d reserved for future use

2 to 0 CollLevel[2:0] defines the minimum signal strength at the decoder input that must be

reached by the weaker half-bit of the Manchester encoded signal to

generate a bit-collision relative to the amplitude of the stronger half-bit

Table 72. DemodReg register (address 19h); reset value: 4Dh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol AddIQ[1:0] FixIQ TPrescal

Even TauRcv[1:0] TauSync[1:0]

Access R/W R/W - R/W R/W

Table 73. DemodReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 to 6 AddIQ[1:0] - defines the use of I-channel and Q-channel duri ng reception

Remark: the FixIQ bit must be set to logic 0 to enable the

following settings:

00 selects the stronger channel

01 selects the stronger channel and freezes the selected channel

during communication

10 reserved

11 reserved

5 FixIQ 1 if the bits of AddIQ are set to X0, the reception is fixed to

I-channel

if the bits of AddIQ are set to X1, the reception is fixed to

Q-channel

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9.2.2.11 Reserved register 1Ah

Functionality is reserved for future use.

9.2.2.12 Reserved register 1Bh

Functionality is reserved for future use.

9.2.2.13 MfTxReg register

Controls some MIFARE communication transmit parameters.

4 TPrescalEven 0 the following formula is used to calculate fTimer of the prescaler:

fTimer = 13.56 MHz / (2 * TPreScaler + 1).

1 the following formula is used to calculate fTimer of the prescaler:

fTimer = 13.56 MHz / (2 * TPreScaler + 2).

(Default TPrescalEven is logic 0)

3 to 2 TauRcv[1:0] - changes the time-co nstant of the internal PLL during data

reception

Remark: if set to 00b the PLL is frozen during data reception

1 to 0 TauSync[1:0] - changes the time constant of the internal PLL during burst

Table 73. DemodReg register bit descriptions …continued

Bit Symbol Value Description

Table 74. Reserved register (address 1Ah); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 75. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for future use

Table 76. Reserved register (address 1Bh); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 77. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for future use

Table 78. MfTxReg register (addr ess 1Ch); reset value: 62h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved TxWait[1:0]

Access - R/W

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9.2.2.14 MfRxReg register

9.2.2.15 TypeBReg register

Configures the ISO/IEC 14443 B functionality.

Table 79. MfTxReg register bit descrip tions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 2 reserved reserved for future use

1 to 0 TxWait defines the additional response time. 7 bits are added to the value of

the register bit by default

Table 80. MfRxReg register (addres s 1Dh); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved ParityDisable reserved

Access - R/W -

Table 81. MfRxReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 to 5 reserved - reserved for future use

4 ParityDisable 1 generation of the parity bit for transmission and the parity check for

receiving is switched off. The received parity bit is handled like a

data bit

3 to 0 reserved - reserved for future use

Table 82. TypeBReg register (address 1Eh); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol RxSOFReq RxEOFReq reserved EOFSOF

Width NoTxSOF NoTxEOF TxEGT[1:0]

Access R/W R/W - R/W R/W R/W R/W

Table 83. TypeBReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 RxSOFReq 1 requires SOF; a datastream starting without SOF is ignored

0 accepts a datastream starting with or without SOF; an SOF is

removed and not written into the FIFO

6 RxEOFReq 1 requires EOF; a datastream ending without EOF generates a

protocol error

0 accepts a datastream ending with or without EOF; an EOF is

removed and not written into the FIFO

5 reserved - reserved for future use

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9.2.2.16 SerialSpeedReg register

Selects the speed of the serial UART interface.

4 EOFSOFWidth 1 if this bit is set to logic 1 and EOFSOFAdjust bit (AutoTestReg

length defined in ISO/IEC 14443 B.

if this bit is set to logic 1 and the EOFSOFAadjust bit is logi c 1:

then

SOF low = (11 ETU 8 cycles) / fclk

SOF high = (2 ETU + 8 cycles) / fclk

EOF low = (11 ETU  8 cycles) / fclk

0 if this bit is cleared and EOFSOFAdjust bit is logic 0, the SOF

and EOF will have the minimum length defined in

ISO/IEC 14443 B.

if this bit is set to logic 0 and the EOFSOFAdju st bit is logic 1

results in an incorrect system behavior in respect to ISO

specification

3 NoTxSOF 1 SOF is suppressed

2 NoTxEOF 1 EOF is suppressed

1 to 0 TxEGT defines EGT bit length

00 no bits

01 1 bit

10 2 bit s

11 3 bit s

Table 83. TypeBReg register bit descriptions …continued

Bit Symbol Value Description

Table 84. SerialSpeedReg register (address 1Fh); reset value: EBh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol BR_T0[2:0] BR_T1[4:0]

Access R/W R/W

Table 85. SerialSpeedReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 5 BR_T0[2:0] factor BR_T0 adj usts the transfe r speed: for description, see

Section 8.3.3.2 on page 12

4 to 0 BR_T1[4:0] factor BR_T1 adj usts the transfe r speed: for description, see

Section 8.3.3.2 on page 12

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9.2.3 Page 2: Configuration

9.2.3.1 Reserved register 20h

Functionality is reserved for future use.

9.2.3.2 CRCResultReg reg is ter s

Shows the MSB and LSB values of the CRC calculation.

Remark: The CRC is split into two 8-bit registers.

Table 86. Reserved register (address 20h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 87. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for future use

Table 88. CRCResultReg (higher bits) register (address 21h); reset value: FFh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol CRCResultMSB[7:0]

Access R

Table 89. CRCResultReg register higher bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 CRCResultMSB[7:0] shows the value of the CRCResultReg register’s most

significant byte. Only valid if Status1Reg register’s CRCReady

bit is set to logic 1

Table 90. CRCResultReg (lower bits) register (address 22h); reset value: FFh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol CRCResultLSB[7:0]

Access R

Table 91. CRCResultReg regist er lower bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 CRCResultLSB[7:0] shows the value of the least significant byte of the CRCResultReg

logic 1

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9.2.3.3 Reserved register 23h

Functionality is reserved for future use.

9.2.3.4 ModWidthReg regis te r

Sets the modula tion width.

9.2.3.5 Reserved register 25h

Functionality is reserved for future use.

Table 92. Reserved register (address 23h); reset value: 88h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 93. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for future use

Table 94. ModWidthReg register (address 24h); reset value: 26h bit allocatio n

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol ModWidth[7:0]

Access R/W

Table 95. ModWidthReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 ModWidth[7:0] defines the width of the Miller modulation as multiples of the carrier

frequency (ModWidth + 1 / fclk). The maximum value is half the bit

period

Table 96. Reserved register (address 25h); reset value: 87h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 97. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for future use

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9.2.3.6 RFCfgReg register

Configures the receiver gain.

9.2.3.7 GsNReg register

Defines the conduct ance of the antenna dri ver pins TX1 and TX2 for the n- driver when the

driver is switched on.

Table 98. RFCfgReg register (ad dre ss 26h); reset value: 48h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved RxGain[2:0] reserved

Access - R/W -

Table 99. RFCfgReg reg ister bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 reserved - reserved for future use

6 to 4 RxGain[2:0] defines th e receiver’s signal voltage gain factor:

000 18 dB

001 23 dB

010 18 dB

011 23 dB

100 33 dB

101 38 dB

110 43 dB

111 48 dB

3 to 0 reserved - reserved for future use

Table 100. GsNReg register (addres s 27h); reset value: 88h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol CWGsN[3:0] ModGsN[3:0]

Access R/W R/W

Table 101. GsNReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 4 CWGsN[3:0] defines the conductance of the output n-driver during periods witho ut

modulation which can be used to regulate the output power and

subsequently current consumption and operating distance. The value is

only used if driver TX1 or TX2 is switched on

during Soft power-down mode the highest bit is forced to logic 1

Remark: the conductance value is binary-weighted

3 to 0 ModGsN[3:0] defines the conductance of the output n-driver during periods without

modulation which can be used to regulate the modulation index. The

value is only used if driver TX1 or TX2 is switched on

during Soft power-down mode the highest bit is forced to logic 1

Remark: the conductance value is binary weighted

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9.2.3.8 CWGsPReg regis te r

Defines the conductance of the p-driver output during periods of no modulation.

9.2.3.9 ModGsPReg register

Defines the conduct ance of the p-driver output during modulation.

9.2.3.10 TModeReg and TPrescalerReg re gisters

These registers defin e the timer settings.

Remark: The TPr escaler setting higher 4 bit s are in the TM odeReg register and the lower

8 bits are in the TPrescalerReg register.

Table 102. CWGsPReg register (address 28h); reset value: 20h bit alloca tion

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved CWGsP[5:0]

Access - R/W

Table 103. CWGsPReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 6 reserved reserved for future use

5 to 0 CWGsP[5:0] defines the conductance of the p-driver output which can be used to

regulate the output power and subsequently current consumption and

operating distance

during Soft power-down mode the highest bit is forced to logic 1

Remark: the conductance value is binary weighted

Table 104. ModGsPReg register (address 29h); reset value: 20h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved ModGsP[5:0]

Access - R/W

Table 105. ModGsPReg register bit descriptio ns

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 6 reserved reserved for future use

5 to 0 ModGsP[5:0] defines the conductance of the p-driver output during modulation

which can be used to regulate the modulation index. If the TxASKReg

no effect

during Soft power-down mode the highest bit is forced to logic 1

Remark: the conductance value is binary weighted

Table 106. TModeReg register (address 2Ah); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TAuto TGated[1:0] TAutoRestart TPrescaler_Hi[3:0]

Access R/W R/W R/W R/W

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Table 107. TModeReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 T Auto 1 the timer starts automatically at the end of the transmission in

all communication modes at all speeds or when InvTxnRFOn

bits are set to logic 1 and the RF field is switched on

when RxMultiple bit in register RxModeReg is logic 0: in

MIFARE mode and ISO/IEC 14443 B at 106 kBd, the timer

stops after the 5th bit (1 start bit, 4 data bits). In all other

modes, the timer stops after the 4th bit

if the RxMultiple bit is set to logic 1, the timer never stops. In

this case the timer can be stopped by setting the TStopNow

bit in register ControlReg to logic 1

0 indicates that the timer is not influenced by the protocol

6 to 5 TGated[1:0] internal timer is runs in gated or non-gated mode

Remark: in gated mode, the S tatus1Reg register’s TRunning

bit is logic 1 when the timer is enabled by the TModeReg

these bits do not influence the gating signal

00 non-gated mode

01 gated by pin MFIN

10 gated by pin AUX1

11 -

4 TAutoRestart 1 timer automatically restarts its count-down from the 16-bit

timer reload value instead of counting down to zero

0 timer decrements to 0 and the ComIrqReg register’s

TimerIRq bit is set to logic 1

3 to 0 TPrescaler_Hi[3:0] - defines the higher 4 bits of the TPrescaler value

the following formula is used to calculate fTimer if

TPrescalEven bit in Demod Reg is set to logic 0:

fTimer = 13.56 MHz / (2 * TPreScaler + 1).

where TPreScaler = [TPrescaler_Hi:TPrescaler_Lo]

(TPrescaler value on 12 bits). The default TPrescalEven is

logic 0

the following formula is used to calculate fTimer if

TPrescalEven bit in Demod Reg is set to logic 1:

fTimer = 13.56 MHz / (2 * TPreScaler + 2); see Section 8.7

“Timer unit”

Table 108. TPrescalerReg register (address 2Bh); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TPrescaler_Lo[7:0]

Access R/W

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9.2.3.11 TReloadReg register

Defines the 16-bit timer reload value.

Remark: The reload value bits are contained in two 8-bit registers.

9.2.3.12 TCounterValReg register

Contains the timer value.

Remark: The timer value bits are contained in two 8-bit registers.

Table 109. TPrescalerReg register bit desc riptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 TPrescaler_Lo[7:0] defines the lower 8 bits of the TPrescaler value

the following formula is used to calculate fTimer if TPrescalEven bit in

Demot Reg is set to logic 0:

fTimer = 13.56 MHz / (2 * TPreScaler + 1)

where TPreScaler = [TPrescaler_Hi:TPrescaler_Lo] (TPrescaler

value on 12 bits). The default TPrescalEven is logic 0;

fTimer = 13.56 MHz / (2 * TPreScaler + 2); see Section 8.7 “Timer

unit”

Table 110. TReloadReg (higher bits) register (address 2Ch); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TReloadVal_Hi[7:0]

Access R/W

Table 111. TReloadReg registe r higher bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 TReloadVal_Hi[7:0] defines the higher 8 bits of the 16-bit timer reload value. On a

start event, the timer loads the timer reload value. Changing

this register affects the timer only at the next start event

Table 112. TReloadReg (lower bits) register (address 2Dh); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TReloadVal_Lo[7:0]

Access R/W

Table 1 13. TReloadReg register lower bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 TReloadVal_Lo[7:0] defines the lower 8 bits of the 16-bit timer reload value. On a

start event, the timer loads the timer reload value. Changing this

Table 114. TCounterValReg (higher bits) register (address 2Eh); reset value: xxh bit

allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TCounterVal_Hi[7:0]

Access R

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9.2.4 Page 3: Test

9.2.4.1 Reserved register 30h

Functionality is reserved for future use.

9.2.4.2 TestSel1Reg register

General test signal configuration.

Table 115. TCounterValReg register higher bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 TCou nterVal_Hi[7:0] timer value higher 8 bits

Table 116. TCounterValReg (lower bits) register (address 2Fh); reset value: xxh bit

allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TCounterVal_Lo[7:0]

Access R

Table 117. TCounterValReg register lower bit descri ptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 TCounterVal_Lo[7:0] timer value lower 8 bits

Table 118. Reserved register (address 30h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 76543210

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 119. Reserved register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for future use

Table 120. TestSel1Reg register (add ress 31h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved TstBusBitSel[2:0]

Access - R/W

Table 121. TestSel1Reg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 3 reserved reserved for future use

2 to 0 TstBusBitSel[2:0] selects a test bus signal which is output at pin MFOUT. If

AnalogSelAux2[3:0] = FFh in AnalogTestReg register, test bus

signal is also output at pins AUX1 or AUX2

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9.2.4.3 TestSel2Reg register

General test signal configuration and PRBS control.

9.2.4.4 TestPinEnReg register

Enables the test bus pin output driver.

Table 122. TestSel2Reg register (add ress 32h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TstBusFlip PRBS9 PRBS15 TestBusSel[4:0]

Access R/W R/W R/W R/W

Table 123. TestSel2Reg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 TstBusFlip 1 test bus is mapped to the parallel port in the following ord er:

TstBusBit4,TstBusBit3, TstBusBit2, TstBusBit6, TstBusBit5,

TstBusBit0; see Section 16.1 on page 80

6 PRBS9 - starts and enables the PRBS9 sequence according to

ITU-TO150; the data transmission of the defined sequence is

started by the Transmit command

Remark: all relevant registers to transmit data must be

configured before entering PRBS9 mode

5 PRBS15 - starts and enables the PRBS15 sequence according to

ITU-TO150; the data transmission of the defined sequence is

started by the Transmit command

Remark: all relevant registers to transmit data must be

configured before entering PR BS15 mode

4 to 0 TestBusSel[4:0] - sel ects the test bus; see Section 16.1 “Test signals” on page 80

Table 124. TestPinEnReg reg ister (address 33h); reset value: 80h bi t allocatio n

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol RS232LineEn TestPinEn[5:0] reserved

Access R/W R/W -

Table 125. TestPinEnReg reg ister bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 RS232LineEn 0 serial UART lines MX and DTRQ are disabled

6 to 1 Te s tPinEn[5:0] - enables the output driver on one of th e data pins D1 to D7 which

outputs a test signal

Example:

setting bit 1 to logic 1 enables pin D1 output

setting bit 5 to l ogic 1 enables pin D5 output

Remark: If the SPI is used, only pins D1 to D4 can be used. If the

serial UART interface is used and the RS232LineEn bit is set to

logic 1 only pins D1 to D4 can be used.

0 reserved - reserved for future use

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9.2.4.5 TestPinValueReg register

Defines the high and low values for the test port D1 to D7 when it is used as I/O.

9.2.4.6 TestBusReg register

Shows the status of the internal test bus.

9.2.4.7 AutoTestReg register

Controls the digital self-test.

Table 126. TestPinValueReg register (address 34h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol UseIO TestPinValue[5:0] reserved

Access R/W R/W -

Table 127. TestPinValueReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 UseIO 1 enables the I/O functionality for the test port when one of the

serial interfaces is used. The input/output behavior is defined

by value TestPinEn[5:0] in the TestPinEnReg register

6 to 1 TestPinValue[5:0 ] - defines the value of the test port when it is used as I/O and

each output must be enabled by TestPinEn[5:0] in the

TestPinEnReg register

Remark: Reading the register indicates the status of pins D6

to D1 if the UseIO bit is set t o logic 1. If the UseIO bit is set to

logic 0, the value of the TestPinValueReg register is read back.

0 reserved - reserved for future use

Table 128. TestBusReg register (address 35h); reset value: xxh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol TestBus[7:0]

Access R

Table 129. TestBusReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 TestBus[7:0] shows the status of the inte rnal test bus. The test bus is selected using

the TestSel2Reg register; see Section 16.1 on page 80

Table 130. AutoTestReg registe r (address 36h); reset value: 40h b it allo cation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved AmpRcv reserved EOFSOF

Adjust SelfTest[3:0]

Access - R/W - R/W R/W

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9.2.4.8 Versi o n Re g re g ister

Shows the MFRC523 software version.

9.2.4.9 AnalogTes t R eg re g i s te r

Determines the analog output test signal at, and status of, pins AUX1 and AUX2.

Table 131. AutoTestReg register bit description s

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 reserved - reserve d for production tests

6 AmpRcv 1 internal signal processing in the receiver chain is performed

non-linearly which increase s the operating distance in

communicatio n mo de s at 106 kBd

Remark: due to non-linearity, the effect of the RxThresholdReg

non-linear

5 reserved - reserve d for production tests

4 EOFSOFA djust 0 If set to logic 0 and the EOFSOFwidth bit is set to logic 1 it

results in the maximum length of SOF and EOF according to

ISO/IEC 14443 B

If set to logic 0 and the EOFSOFwidth bit is set to logic 0 it

results in the minimum length of SOF and EOF according to

ISO/IEC 14443 B

1 If this bit is set to logic 1 and the EOF SOFwidth bit is logic 1, it

results in

SOF high = (2 ETU + 8 cycles) / fclk

SOF low = (11 ETU 8 cycles) / fclk

EOF low = (11 ETU 8 cycles) / fclk

3 to 0 SelfTest[3:0] - enables the digital self-test. The self-test can also be started by

the CalcCRC command; see Section 10.3.1.4 “ CalcCRC

command” on page 69. Self-test is enabled by 1001b.

Remark: for default operation the self-test must be disabled

by 0000b

Table 132. VersionReg register (address 37h); reset value: xxh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol Version[7:0]

Access R

Table 133. VersionReg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 Version[7:0] indicates current MFRC523 software version

Remark: the current version of the MFRC523 is B1h or B2h

Table 134. AnalogTestReg register (address 38h); reset value: 00h bit alloc ation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol AnalogSelAux1[3:0] AnalogSelAux2[3:0]

Access R/W R/W

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[1] Remark: Current source output; the use of 1 k pull-down resistor on AUXn is recommended.

Table 135. AnalogTestReg register bit descriptio ns

Bit Symbol Value Description

7 to 4 AnalogSelAux1[3:0] controls pin AUX1

0000 3-state

0001 output of TestDAC1 (AUX1), output of TestDAC2 (AUX2)[1]

0010 test signal Corr1[1]

0011 reserved

0100 DAC: test signal MinLevel[1]

0101 DAC: test signal ADC_I[1]

0110 DAC: test signal ADC_Q[1]

0111 reserved

1000 reserved, test signal for production test[1]

1001 reserved

1010 HIGH

1011 LOW

1100 TxActive:

106 kBd: HIGH during start bit, data bit, parity and CRC

212 kBd, 424 kBd and 848 kBd: HIGH during data and

CRC

1101 RxActive:

106 kBd: HIGH during data bit, parity and CRC

212 kBd, 424 kBd and 848 kBd: HIGH during data and

CRC

1110 subcarrier detected:

106 kBd: not applicable

212 kBd: 424 kBd and 848 kBd: HIGH during last part of

data and CRC

1111 test bus bit as defined by the TestSel1Reg register’s

TstBusBitSel[2:0] bits

Remark: all test signals are described in Section 16.1 “Test

signals” on page 80

3 to 0 AnalogSelAux2[3:0] - controls pin AUX2 (see bit descriptions for AUX1)

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9.2.4.10 TestDAC1Reg register

Defines the test value for TestDAC1.

9.2.4.11 TestDAC2Reg register

Defines the test value for TestDAC2.

9.2.4.12 TestADCReg register

Shows the values of ADC I-channel and Q-channel.

Table 136. TestDAC1Reg re gister (address 39h); reset value: xxh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved TestDAC1[5:0]

Access - R/W

Table 137. TestDAC1Reg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 reserved reserved for production tests

6 reserved reserved for future use

5 to 0 TestDAC1[5:0] defines the test value for TestDAC1. Output of DAC1 can be routed to

AUX1 by setting value AnalogSelAux1[3:0] to 0001b in the

AnalogTestReg register

Table 138. TestDAC2Reg re gister (address 3Ah); reset value: xxh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved TestDAC2[5:0]

Access - R/W

Table 139. TestDAC2Reg register bit descriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 6 reserved reserved for future use

5 to 0 TestDAC2[5:0] defines the test value for TestDAC2. DAC2 output can be routed to

AUX2 by setting value AnalogSelAux2[3:0] to 0001b in the

AnalogTestReg register

Table 140. TestADCReg register (address 3Bh); reset va lue: xxh bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol ADC_I[3:0] ADC_Q[3:0]

Access R R

Table 141. TestADCReg register bit des criptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 4 ADC_I[3:0] ADC I-channel value

3 to 0 ADC_Q[3:0] ADC Q-channel value

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9.2.4.13 Reserved register 3Ch

Functionality reserved for production test.

Table 142. Reserved register (address 3Ch); reset value: FFh bit allo cation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 143. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for production tests

Table 144. Reserved register (ad dress 3Dh); reset value: 00h bi t allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 145. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for production tests

Table 146. Reserved register (address 3Eh); reset value: 03h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 147. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for production tests

Table 148. Reserved register (address 3F h); reset value: 00h bit allocation

Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Symbol reserved

Access -

Table 149. Reserved register bit de scriptions

Bit Symbol Description

7 to 0 reserved reserved for production tests

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10. MFRC523 command set

The MFRC523 operation is deter mined by a st at e machine capable of performing a set of

commands. A command is executed by writing a command code (see Table 150) to the

CommandReg register.

Arguments and data necessary to process a command are exchanged using the FIFO

buffer.

10.1 General description

The MFRC523 operation is deter mined by a st at e machine capable of performing a set of

commands. A command is executed by writing a command code (see Table 150) to the

CommandReg register.

Arguments and/or data necessary to process a command are exchanged via the FIFO

buffer.

10.2 General behavior

•Each command that needs a data bit stream (or data byte stream) as an input

immediately processes any data in the FIFO buffer. An exception to this rule is the

Transceive command. Using this command, transmission is started with the

BitFramingReg register’s StartSend bit.

•Each command that needs a certain number of arguments, starts processing only

when it has received the correct number of arguments from the FIFO buffer.

•The FIFO buffer is not automatically cleared when commands start. This makes it

possible to write command arguments and/or the data bytes to the FIFO buffer and

then start the command.

•Each command can be interrupted by the host writing a new command code to the

CommandReg register, for example, the Idle command.

10.3 MFRC523 command overview

Table 150. Command overview

Command Command

code Action

Idle 0000 no action, cancels current command execution

Mem 0001 stores 25 bytes into the internal buffer

Generate RandomID 0010 generates a 10-byte random ID number

CalcCRC 0011 activates the CRC coprocessor or performs a self-test

Transmit 0100 transmits data from the FIFO buffer

NoCmdChange 0111 no command change, can be used to modify the

CommandReg register bits without affecting the command,

for example, the PowerDown bit

Receive 1000 activates th e receiver circuits

T ransceive 1100 transmits data from FIFO buf fer to antenna and automatically

activates the receiver after transmission

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10.3.1 MFRC523 command descriptions

10.3.1.1 Idle mode

Places the MFRC523 in Idle mode. The Idle command also terminates itself.

10.3.1.2 Mem command

Transfers 25 bytes from the FIFO buffer to the internal buffer. To read out the 25 bytes

from the internal buffer the Mem command must be started with an empty FIFO buffer. In

this case, the 25 bytes are transferred from the internal buffer to the FIFO.

During a hard po wer-down (using pin NRSTPD), the 25 b ytes in the internal b uf fer remain

unchanged and are only lost if the power supply is removed from the MFRC523.

This command automatically terminat es when finished and the Idle command becomes

active.

10.3.1.3 Generat e RandomID

This command generate s a 10-byte random nu mber which is initially stored in the inter nal

buf fer. This then overwrites the 10 bytes in the internal 25-byte buffer. This command

automatically terminates when finished and the MFRC523 returns to Idle mode.

10.3.1.4 CalcCRC command

The FIFO buff er content is transferred to the CRC coprocessor and the CRC ca lculation is

started. The calculation result is stored in the CRCResultReg register. The CRC

calculation is not limited to a dedicated number of bytes. The calculation is not stopped

when the FIFO buffer is empty during the data strea m. The next byte written to the FIFO

buffe r is added to the calculation.

The CRC preset value is controlled by the ModeReg register’s CRCPreset[1:0] bits. The

value is loaded in to the CRC co processor when the command starts. This command

must be terminated by writin g a command to the Comman dReg registe r, such as, the Idle

command.

If the AutoTestReg regis te r’s SelfTest[3:0] bits are set correctly, the MFRC523 enters

Self-test mode. Starting the CalcCRC command initiates a digital self-test. The result of

the self-test is written to the FIFO bu ffer.

10.3.1.5 Transmit command

The FIFO buffer content is immediately transmitted after starting this command. Before

transmitting the FIFO buffer content, all relevant registers must be set for data

transmission.

This command automatically terminates when the FIFO buffer is empty. It can be

terminated by another command written to the CommandReg register.

- 1101 reserved for future use

MFAuthent 1110 performs the MIFARE standard authentication as a reader

SoftReset 1111 resets the MFRC523

Table 150. Command overview …continued

Command Command

code Action

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10.3.1.6 NoCmdChange command

This command does not influ ence any running command in the CommandReg register. It

can be used to manipulate any bit except the Comm andReg register Command[3:0] bits,

for example, the RcvOff bit or the PowerDown bit.

10.3.1.7 Receive command

The MFRC523 activates the receiver path and waits for a data stream to be received. The

correct settings must be chosen before starting this command.

This command automatically terminat es when the data stream ends. This is indicated

either by the end of frame pattern or by th e length byte depending o n the selected frame

type and speed.

Remark: If the RxModeReg register’s RxMultiple bit is set to logic 1, the Receive

command does not automatically terminate. It must be terminated by starting anoth er

command in the CommandReg register.

10.3.1.8 Transceive command

This command continuou sly repeats the transmission of data from the FIFO buffer and the

reception of data from the RF field. The first action is transmit and after transmission the

command is changed to receive a data stream.

Each transmit process must be started by setting the BitFramingReg register’s StartSend

bit to logic 1. This command must be cleared by writing any command to the

CommandReg register.

Remark: If the RxModeReg register’s RxMultiple bit is set to logic 1, the Transceive

command never leaves the receive state because this state cannot be cancelled

automatically.

10.3.1.9 MFAuthent command

This command manages MIFARE authentication to enable a secure communication to

any MIFARE card. The following data is written to the FIFO buffer before the command

can be activated :

•Authentication command code (60h, 61h)

•Block address

•Sector key byte 0

•Sector key byte 1

•Sector key byte 2

•Sector key byte 3

•Sector key byte 4

•Sector key byte 5

•Card serial number byte 0

•Card serial number byte 1

•Card serial number byte 2

•Card serial number byte 3

12 bytes in total are writte n to th e FI FO .

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Remark: When the MFAuthent command is active all access to the FIFO buffer is

blocked. However, if there is access to the FIFO bu ffer, the ErrorReg register’s WrErr b it is

set.

This command automatically terminates when the MIFARE card is authenticated and the

Status2Reg register’s MFCrypto1On bit is set to logic 1.

This command does not terminate automatically if the card does not answer, so the timer

must be initialized to automatic mode. In this case, in addition to the IdleIRq bit, the

T imerIRq bit can be used as the ter mination criteria. During authen tication processing, th e

RxIRq bit and TxIRq bit are blocked. The Crypto1On bit is only valid after termination of

the MFAuthent command, either after processing the protocol or writin g Idle to the

CommandReg register.

If an error occurs during authentication, the ErrorReg register’s ProtocolErr bit is set to

logic 1 and the Status2Reg register’s Crypto1On bit is set to logic 0.

10.3.1.10 SoftReset command

This command performs a re set of the device. The configuratio n data of the inter nal buffer

remains unchanged. All registers are set to the r eset values. This command automatically

terminates wh en finish e d.

Remark: The SerialSpeedReg register is reset and therefore the serial data rate is set to

9.6 kBd.

11. Limiting values

Table 151. Limiting values

In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Max Unit

VDDA analog supply voltage 0.5 +4.0 V

VDDD digital supply voltage 0.5 +4.0 V

VDD(PVDD) PVDD supply voltage 0.5 +4.0 V

VDD(TVDD) TVDD supply voltage 0.5 +4.0 V

VDD(SVDD) SVDD supply voltage 0.5 +4.0 V

VIinput voltage all input pins except pins MFIN and

RX VSS(PVSS)  0.5 VDD(PVDD) + 0.5 V

pin MFIN VSS(PVSS)  0.5 VDD(SVDD) + 0.5 V

Ptot total power dissipation per package; VDDD in shortcut

mode - 200 mW

Tjjunction temperature - 100 C

VESD electrostatic discharge voltage HBM; 1500 , 100 pF;

JESD22-A114-B - 2000 V

MM; 0.75 H, 200 pF;

JESD22-A114-A - 200 V

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12. Recommended operating conditions

[1] Supply voltages below 3 V reduce the performance in, for example, the achievable operating distance.

[2] VDDA, VDDD and VDD(TVDD) must always be the same voltage.

[3] VDD(PVDD) must always be the same or lower voltage than VDDD.

13. Thermal characteristics

14. Characteristics

Table 152. Operating conditions

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

VDDA analog supply voltage VDD(PVDD) VDDA = VDDD = VDD(TVDD);

VSSA =V

SSD =V

SS(PVSS) =V

SS(TVSS) =0V [1][2] 2.53.33.6V

VDDD digital supply voltage VDD(PVDD) VDDA = VDDD = VDD(TVDD);

VSSA =V

SSD =V

SS(PVSS) =V

SS(TVSS) =0V [1][2] 2.53.33.6V

VDD(TVDD) TVDD supply voltage VDD(PVDD) VDDA = VDDD = VDD(TVDD);

VSSA =V

SSD =V

SS(PVSS) =V

SS(TVSS) =0V [1][2] 2.53.33.6V

VDD(PVDD) PVDD supply voltage VDD(PVDD) VDDA = VDDD = VDD(TVDD);

VSSA =V

SSD =V

SS(PVSS) =V

SS(TVSS) =0V [3] 1.61.83.6V

VDD(SVDD) SVDD supply voltage VSSA =V

SSD =V

SS(PVSS) =V

SS(TVSS) =0V 1.6 - 3.6 V

Tamb ambient temperature HVQFN32 25 - +85 C

Table 153. Thermal characteristics

Symbol Parameter Conditions Package Typ Unit

Rth(j-a) thermal resistance from junction to

ambient in still air with exposed pin soldered on a

4 layer JEDEC PCB HVQFN32 40 K/W

Table 154. Characteristics

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Input characteristics

Pins EA, I2C and NRSTPD

ILI input leakage

current 1-+1 A

VIH HIGH-level input

voltage 0.7VDD(PVDD) -- V

VIL LOW-level input

voltage - - 0.3VDD(PVDD) V

Pin MFIN

ILI input leakage

current 1-+1 A

VIH HIGH-level input

voltage 0.7VDD(SVDD) -- V

VIL LOW-level input

voltage - - 0.3VDD(SVDD) V

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Pin SDA

ILI input leakage

current 1-+1 A

VIH HIGH-level input

voltage 0.7VDD(PVDD) -- V

VIL LOW-level input

voltage - - 0.3VDD(PVDD) V

Pin RX[1]

Viinput voltage 1-V

DDA +1 V

Ciinput capacitance VDDA = 3 V; receiver active;

VRX(p-p) = 1 V; 1.5 V (DC)

offset

-10- pF

Riinput resistance VDDA = 3 V; receiver active;

VRX(p-p) = 1 V; 1.5 V (DC)

offset

-350- 

Input voltage range; see Figure 24

Vi(p-p)(min) minimum

peak-to-peak input

voltage

Manchester encoded;

VDDA =3V -100- mV

Vi(p-p)(max) maximum

peak-to-peak input

voltage

Manchester encoded;

VDDA =3V -4- V

Input sensitivity; see Figure 24

Vmod modulation voltage minimum Manchester

encoded; VDDA =3V;

RxGain[2:0] = 111b (48 dB)

-5- mV

Pin OSCIN

ILI input leakage

current 1-+1 A

VIH HIGH-level input

voltage 0.7VDDA -- V

VIL LOW-level input

voltage - - 0.3VDDA V

Ciinput capacitance VDDA = 2.8 V; DC = 0.65 V;

AC = 1 V (p-p) -2- pF

Input/output characteristics

pins D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7

ILI input leakage

current 1-+1 A

VIH HIGH-level input

voltage 0.7VDD(PVDD) -- V

VIL LOW-level input

voltage - - 0.3VDD(PVDD) V

VOH HIGH-level output

voltage VDD(PVDD) =3V; I

O=4mA V

DD(PVDD)  0.4 - VDD(PVDD) V

VOL LOW -l e vel output

voltage VDD(PVDD) =3V; I

O=4mA V

SS(PVSS) -V

SS(PVSS) + 0.4 V

Table 154. Characteristics …con tinued

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

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IOH HIGH-level output

current VDD(PVDD) =3V - - 4 mA

IOL LOW - l e vel output

current VDD(PVDD) =3V - - 4 mA

Output characteristics

Pin MFOUT

VOH HIGH-level output

voltage VDD(SVDD) =3V; I

O=4mA V

DD(SVDD)  0.4 - VDD(SVDD) V

VOL LOW -l e vel output

voltage VDD(SVDD) =3V; I

O=4mA V

SS(PVSS) -V

SS(PVSS) + 0.4 V

IOL LOW - l e vel output

current VDD(SVDD) =3V - - 4 mA

IOH HIGH-level output

current VDD(SVDD) =3V - - 4 mA

Pin IRQ

VOH HIGH-level output

voltage VDD(PVDD) =3V; I

O=4mA V

DD(PVDD)  0.4 - VDD(PVDD) V

VOL LOW -l e vel output

voltage VDD(PVDD) =3V; I

O=4mA V

SS(PVSS) -V

SS(PVSS) + 0.4 V

IOL LOW - l e vel output

current VDD(PVDD) =3V - - 4 mA

IOH HIGH-level output

current VDD(PVDD) =3V - - 4 mA

Pins AUX1 and AUX2

VOH HIGH-level output

voltage VDDD =3V; I

O=4mA V

DDD  0.4 - VDDD V

VOL LOW -l e vel output

voltage VDDD =3V; I

O=4mA V

SS(PVSS) -V

SS(PVSS) + 0.4 V

IOL LOW - l e vel output

current VDDD =3V - - 4 mA

IOH HIGH-level output

current VDDD =3V - - 4 mA

Pins TX1 and TX2

VOH HIGH-level output

voltage VDD(TVDD) =3V;

IDD(TVDD) =32mA;

CWGsP[5:0] = 3Fh

VDD(TVDD)  0.15 - - V

VDD(TVDD) =3V;

IDD(TVDD) =80mA;

CWGsP[5:0] = 3Fh

VDD(TVDD)  0.4 - - V

VDD(TVDD) = 2.5 V;

IDD(TVDD) =32mA;

CWGsP[5:0] = 3Fh

VDD(TVDD)  0.24 - - V

VDD(TVDD) = 2.5 V;

IDD(TVDD) =80mA;

CWGsP[5:0] = 3Fh

VDD(TVDD)  0.64 - - V

Table 154. Characteristics …con tinued

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Product data sheet

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

VOL LOW -l e vel output

voltage VDD(TVDD) =3V;

IDD(TVDD) =32mA;

CWGsP[5:0] = 0Fh

- - 0.15 V

VDD(TVDD) =3V;

IDD(TVDD) =80mA;

CWGsP[5:0] = 0Fh

--0.4V

VDD(TVDD) = 2.5 V;

IDD(TVDD) =32mA;

CWGsP[5:0] = 0Fh

- - 0.24 V

VDD(TVDD) = 2.5 V;

IDD(TVDD) =80mA;

CWGsP[5:0] = 0Fh

- - 0.64 V

Current consumption

Ipd power-down current V DDA =V

DDD =V

DD(TVDD) =

VDD(PVDD) =3V

hard power-down; pin

NRSTPD set LOW [2] --5A

soft power-down; RF

level detector on [2] --10A

IDDD digital supply

current pin DVDD; VDDD =3V - 6.5 9 mA

IDDA analog supply

current pin AVDD; V DDA =3V;

CommandReg register’s

bit RcvOff = 0

-710mA

pin AVDD; receive r

switched off; VDDA =3V;

CommandReg register’s

bit RcvOff = 1

-35mA

IDD(PVDD) PVDD supply

current pin PVDD [3] --40mA

IDD(TVDD) TVDD supply

current pin TVDD; continuous wave [4][5][6] -60100mA

IDD(SVDD) SVDD supply

current pin SVDD [7] --4mA

Clock frequency

fclk clock frequency - 27.12 - MHz

clk clock duty cycle 40 50 60 %

tjit jitter time RMS - - 10 ps

Crystal oscillator

VOH HIGH-level output

voltage pin OSCOUT - 1.1 - V

VOL LOW -l e vel output

voltage pin OSCOUT - 0.2 - V

Ciinput capacitance pin OSCOUT - 2 - pF

pin OSCIN - 2 - pF

Table 154. Characteristics …con tinued

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Product data sheet

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Contactless reader IC

[1] The voltage on pin RX is clamped by internal diodes to pins AVSS and AVDD.

[2] Ipd is the total current for all supplies.

[3] IDD(PVDD) depends on the overall load at the digital pins.

[4] IDD(TVDD) depends on VDD(TVDD) and the external circuit connected to pins TX1 and TX2.

[5] During typical circuit operation, the overall current is below 100 mA.

[6] Typical value using a complementary driver configuration and an antenna matched to 40  between pins TX1 and TX2 at 13.56 MHz.

[7] IDD(SVDD) depends on the load at pin MFOUT.

14.1 Timing characteristics

Typical input requirements

fxtal crystal frequency - 27.12 - MHz

ESR equivalent series

resistance --100

CLload capacitance - 10 - pF

Pxtal crystal power

dissipation -50100W

Table 154. Characteristics …con tinued

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

Fig 24. Pin RX input voltage range

001aak012

VMID

0 V

−1 V

DDA

+ 1 V

mod

i(p-p)(max)

i(p-p)(min)

13.56 MHz

carrier

Table 155. SPI timing characteristics

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

tWL pulse width LOW line SCK 50 - - ns

tWH pulse width HIGH line SCK 50 - - ns

th(SCKH-D) SCK HIGH to data input

hold time SCK to changing MOSI 25 - - ns

tsu(D-SCKH) data input to SCK HIGH

set-up time changing MOSI to SCK 25 - - ns

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th(SCKL-Q) SCK LOW to data output

hold time SCK to changing MISO - - 25 ns

t(SCKL-NSSH) SCK LOW to NSS HIGH

time 0--ns

tNSSH NSS HIGH time before communication 50 - - ns

Table 156. I2C-bus timing in Fast mode

Symbol Parameter Conditions Fast mode High-speed

mode Unit

Min Max Min Max

fSCL SCL clock frequency 0 400 0 3400 kHz

tHD;STA hold time (repeated) START

condition after this period,

the first clock pulse

is generated

600 - 160 - ns

tSU;STA set-up time for a repeated

START condition 600 - 160 - ns

tSU;STO set-up time for STOP condition 600 - 160 - ns

tLOW LOW period of the SCL clock 1300 - 160 - ns

tHIGH HIGH period of the SCL clock 600 - 6 0 - ns

tHD;DAT data hold time 0 900 0 70 ns

tSU;DAT dat a set-up time 100 - 10 - ns

trrise time SCL signal 20 300 10 40 ns

tffall time SCL signal 20 300 10 40 ns

trrise time SDA and SCL

signals 20 300 10 80 ns

tffall time SDA and SCL

signals 20 300 10 80 ns

tBUF bus free time between a STOP

and START condition 1.3- 1.3- s

Table 155. SPI timing characteristics …continued

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit

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Remark: The signal NSS must be LOW to be able to send several bytes in one data stream.

To send more than one data stream NSS must be set HIGH between the data streams.

Fig 25. Timing diagram for SPI

Fig 26. Timing for Fast and Standard mode devices on the I2C-bus

001aaj634

tSCKL tSCKH tSCKL

tDXSH tSHDX tDXSH

tSLDX

tSLNH

MOSI

SCK

MISO

MSB

LSB

NSS

001aaj635

SDA

SCL

tLOW tf

tSP tr

tHD;STA tHD;DAT

tHD;STA

trtHIGH

tSU;DAT

SSrPS

tSU;STA tSU;STO

tBUF

Product data sheet

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15. Application information

A typical application diagram using a complementary antenna connectio n to the

MFRC523 is shown in Figure 27.

The antenna tuning and RF part matching is described in the application note Ref. 1 and

Ref. 2.

Fig 27. Typical application diagram

001aal163

DVDD AVDD

supply

MICRO-

PROCESSOR

host

interface

TVDD

OSCIN OSCOUT

27.12 MHz

VMID

antenna

TX1

TVSS

TX2

PVDD 2

31512

21 22

10, 14

PVSS

NRSTPD

IRQ

AVSS DVSS

MFRC523

L0 C1 Ra

Lant

CRx

Cvmid

Product data sheet

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16. Test information

16.1 Test signals

16.1.1 Self-test

The MFRC523 has the capability to perform a digital self-test. The self-test is started by

using the following proc edure:

1. Perform a soft reset.

2. Clear the internal bu ffer by writing 25 b y tes of 00 h and implem en t th e Con fig

command.

3. Enable the self-test by writing 09h to the AutoTestReg register.

4. Write 00h to the FIFO buffer.

5. Start the self-test with the CalcCRC command.

6. The self-test is initiated.

7. When the self-test has completed, the FIFO buffer contains the following 64 bytes:

FIFO buffer byte values for version B2h:

0x00, 0xEB, 0x66, 0xBA, 0x57, 0xBF, 0x23, 0x95, 0xD0, 0xE3, 0x0D, 0x3D, 0x27, 0x89,

0x5C, 0xDE, 0x9D, 0x3B, 0xA7, 0x00, 0x21, 0x5B, 0x89, 0x82, 0x51, 0x3A, 0xEB,

0x02, 0x0C, 0xA5, 0x00, 0x49, 0x7C, 0x84, 0x4D, 0xB3, 0xCC, 0xD2, 0x1B, 0x81,

0x5D, 0x48, 0x76, 0xD5, 0x71, 0x61, 0x21, 0xA9, 0x86, 0x96, 0x83, 0x38, 0xCF,

0x9D, 0x5B, 0x6D, 0xDC, 0x15, 0xBA, 0x3E, 0x7D, 0x95, 0x3B, 0x2F

16.1.2 Test bus

The test bus is used for production tests. The following configuration can be used to

improve the design of a system using the MFRC523. The test bus allows internal signals

to be routed to the digital interface. The test bus comprises two sets of test signals which

are selected using their subaddress specified in the TestSel2Reg register’s

TestBusSel[4:0] bits. The test signals and their related digital output pins are described in

Table 157 and Table 158.

Table 157. Test bus signals: TestBusSel[4:0] = 07h

Pins Internal

signal name Description

D6 s_data received dat a stream

D5 s_coll bit-collision de tected (106 kBd only)

D4 s_valid s_data and s_coll signals are valid

D3 s_over receiver has detected a stop condition

D2 RCV_reset receiver is reset

D1 - reserved

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16.1.3 Test signals on pins AUX1 or AUX2

The MFRC523 allows the user to select internal signa ls for measurement on pin s AUX1 or

AUX2. These measurements can be helpful during the design-in phase to optimize the

design or used for test purposes.

Table 159 shows the signals that can be switched to pin AUX1 or AUX2 by setting

AnalogSelAux1[3:0] or AnalogSelAux2[3:0] in the AnalogTestReg regis te r.

Remark: The DAC has a current output, therefore it is recommended that a 1 k

pull-down resistor is connected to pin AUX1 or pin AUX2.

16.1.3.1 Example: Output test signals TestDAC1 and TestDAC2

The AnalogTestReg register is set to 11h. The output on pin AUX1 has the test signal

TestDAC1 and the output on pin AUX2 has the test signal TestDAC2. The signal values of

TestDAC1 and TestDAC2 are controlled by the TestDAC1Reg and TestDAC2Reg

registers.

Figure 28 shows test signal TestDAC1 on pin AU X1 and TestDAC2 on pin AUX2 when the

TestDAC1Reg register is programmed with a slope defined by values 00h to 3Fh and the

TestDAC2Reg register is programmed with a rectangular signal defined by values 00h

and 3Fh.

Table 158. Test bus signals: TestBu sSel[4:0] = 0Dh

Pins Internal test

signal name Description

D6 clkstable oscillator output signal

D5 clk27/8 oscillator output signal divided by 8

D4 to D3 - reserved

D2 clk27 oscillator output signal

D1 - reserved

Table 159. Test signal descr iptions

AnalogSelAuxn[3:0] Signal on pin AUXn

0000 3-state

0001 DAC: register TestDAC1 or TestDAC2

0010 DAC: test signal Corr1

0011 reserved

0100 DAC: test signal MinLevel

0101 DAC: test signal ADC_I

0110 DAC: test signal ADC_Q

0111 to 1001 reserved

1010 HIGH

1011 LOW

1100 TxActive

1101 RxActive

1110 subcarrier detected

1111 TstBusBit

Product data sheet

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16.1.3.2 Example: Output test signals Corr1 and MinLevel

Figure 29 shows test signals Corr1 and MinLevel on pins AUX1 and AUX2, respectively.

The AnalogTestReg register is set to 24h.

(1) TestDAC1 (500 mV/div) on pin AUX1.

(2) TestDAC2 (500 mV/div) on pin AUX2.

Fig 28. Output test signals TestDAC1 on pin AUX1 and TestDAC2 on pin AUX2

100 ms/div

001aak597

(1)

(2)

(1) MinLevel (1 V/div) on pin AUX2.

(2) Corr1 (1 V/div) on pin AUX1.

(3) RF field.

Fig 29. Output test signals Corr1 on pin AUX1 and MinLevel on pin AUX 2

10 μs/div

001aak598

(1)

(2)

(3)

Product data sheet

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16.1.3.3 Example: Output test signals ADC I-channel and ADC Q-channel

Figure 30 shows the channel beha vior test signals ADC_I and ADC_Q on p ins AUX1 and

AUX2, respectively. The AnalogTestReg register is set to 56h.

16.1.3.4 Example: Output test signals RxActive and TxActive

Figure 31 shows the RxActive and TxActiv e te st signals relating to RF communication.

The AnalogTestReg register is set to CDh.

•At 106 kBd, RxActive is HIGH during data bits, parity and CRC reception. Start bits

are not included

•At 106 kBd, TxActive is HIGH during start bit s, data bits, parity and CRC transmission

•At 212 kBd, 424 kBd and 848 kBd, RxActive is HIGH during data bits and CRC

reception. Start bits are not included

•At 212 kBd, 424 kBd and 848 kBd, TxActive is HIGH during data bits and CRC

transmission

(1) ADC_I (1 V/div) on pin AUX1.

(2) ADC_Q (500 mV/div) on pin AUX2.

(3) RF field.

Fig 30. Output ADC I-channel on pin AUX1 and ADC Q-channel on pin AUX2

5 μs/div

001aak599

(1)

(2)

(3)

Product data sheet

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16.1.3.5 Example: Output test signal RX data stream

Figure 32 shows the data stream that is currently being received. The TestSel2Reg

see Section 16.1.2 “Test bus” on page 80. The TestSel1Reg register’s TstBusBitSel[2:0]

bits are set 06h (pin D6 = s_data) and AnalogTestReg register is set to FFh (TstBusBit)

which outputs the received data stream on pins AUX1 and AUX2.

(1) RxActive (2 V/div) on pin AUX1.

(2) TxActive (2 V/div) on pin AUX2.

(3) RF field.

Fig 31. Output RxActive on pin AUX1 and TxActiv e on pin AUX2

10 μs/div

001aak600

(1)

(2)

(3)

(1) s_data (received data stream) (2 V/div).

(2) RF field.

Fig 32. Received data stream on pins AUX1 and AUX2

20 μs/div

001aak601

(1)

(2)

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16.1.3.6 Pseudo-Random Binary Sequences (PRBS)

The pseudo-random binary sequences PRBS9 and PRBS1 5 are based on ITU-TO 150

and are defined with the TestSel2Reg register. Transmission of either data stream is

started by the Transmit command. The preamble/sync byte/st art bit/parity bit are

automatically generated depending on the mode selected.

Remark: All relevant registers for tr ansmitting data must be configured in accordance with

ITU-TO150 before selecting PRBS transmission.

Product data sheet

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17. Package outline

Fig 33. Package outline SOT617-1 (HVQFN32)

0.51

A1Eh

UNIT ye

0.2

REFERENCES

OUTLINE

VERSION EUROPEAN

PROJECTION ISSUE DATE

IEC JEDEC JEITA

mm 5.1

4.9

3.25

2.95

5.1

4.9 3.25

2.95

3.5

0.30

0.18

0.05

0.00 0.05 0.1

DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions)

SOT617-1 MO-220- - - - - -

0.5

0.3

0.1

0.05

0 2.5 5 mm

scale

SOT617-1

HVQFN32: plastic thermal enhanced very thin quad flat package; no leads;

32 terminals; body 5 x 5 x 0.85 mm

A(1)

max.

AA1c

detail X

y1C

916

32 25

terminal 1

index area

terminal 1

index area

01-08-08

02-10-18

1/2 e

1/2 e AC

E(1)

Note

1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.075 mm maximum per side are not included.

D(1)

Product data sheet

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Detailed package information can be found at: www.nxp.com/package/SOT617-1.html

18. Handling information

Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) evaluation has been performed according to

SNW-FQ-225B re v.04/07/07 (JEDEC J-STD-020C). MSL for this package is level 1 which

means 260 C convection reflow temperature.

Dry pack is not required.

Unlimited out-of-pack floor life at maximum amb ient 30 C/85 % RH.

19. Packing information

Fig 34. Packing information 1 tray

001aaj740

strap 46 mm from corner

tray

chamfer

PIN 1

chamfer

PIN 1

printed piano box

ESD warning preprinted

barcode label (permanent)

barcode label (peel-off)

QA seal

Hyatt patent preprinted

The straps around the package of

stacked trays inside the piano-box

have sufficient pre-tension to avoid

loosening of the trays.

In the traystack (2 trays)

only ONE tray type* allowed

*one supplier and one revision number.

Product data sheet

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Contactless reader IC

Fig 35. Packing information 5 trays

001aal164

strap 46 mm from corner

tray

chamfer

PIN 1

chamfer

PIN 1

printed piano box

ESD warning preprinted

barcode label (permanent)

barcode label (peel-off)

QA seal

Hyatt patent preprinted

The straps around the package of

stacked trays inside the piano-box

have sufficient pre-tension to avoid

loosening of the trays.

In the traystack (2 trays)

only ONE tray type* allowed

*one supplier and one revision number.

Product data sheet

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20. Abbreviations

21. Glossary

Modulation index — Defined as the voltage ratio (Vmax  Vmin) / (Vmax + Vmin).

Load modulation index — Defined as the voltage ratio for the card

(Vmax Vmin)/(V

max +V

min) measured at the card’s coil.

22. References

[1] Application note — MFRC52x Reader IC Family Directly Matched Antenna

Design

[2] Application note — MIFARE (ISO/IEC 14443 A) 13.56 MHz RFID Proximity

Antennas

Table 160. Abbreviations

Acronym Description

ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter

ASK Amplitude Shift Keying

BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying

CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check

CW Continuo us Wave

DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter

EOF End Of Frame

ETU Elementary Time Unit

HBM Human Body Model

I2C Inter-integ rated Circuit

LSB Least Significant Bit

MISO Master In Slave Out

MM Machine Mode l

MOSI Master Out Slave In

MSB Most Significant Bit

NRZ Not Return to Zero

NSS Not Slave Select

PCB Prin ted-Circuit Board

PLL Phase-Locked Loop

PRBS Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence

RX Receiver

SOF Start Of Frame

SPI Serial Peripheral Interface

TX Transmitter

UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter

Product data sheet

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Contactless reader IC

23. Revision history

Table 161. Revision history

Document ID Release date Data sheet status Change notice Supersedes

MFRC523 v. 3.7 20111108 Product data sheet - MFRC523 v. 3.6

Modifications: •Table 2 “Ordering information”: updated

•Table 154 “Characteristics”: unit of Pxtal corrected

MFRC523 v. 3.6 20110628 Product data sheet - MFRC523_35

Modifications: •Section 9.2.1.7 “ErrorReg register” on page 40 added

MFRC523_35 20100924 Product data sheet - MFRC523_34

Modifications: •Table 131 “VersionReg register bit descripitons” on page 63 changed

MFRC523_34 20100715 Product data sheet - MFRC523_33

Modifications: •Section 9.2.2.10 “DemodReg register”: register updated.

•Section 9.2.2.15 “TypeBReg register”: register updated.

•Section 9.2.3.10 “TModeReg and TPresca lerReg registers”: register updated.

•Section 9.2.4.7 “AutoTes tReg register”: register updated.

•Section 8.7 “Timer unit”: timer calculation updated.

•Section 9.2.4.8 “VersionReg register”: version: B2h updated.

•Section 16.1 “Test signals”: selftest result updated.

MFRC523_33 20100305 Product data sheet - MFRC523_32

Modifications: •Table 106 “TModeReg register bit descriptions” and Table 108

“TPrescalerReg register bit descriptions”: text updated.

•Section 8.7 “Timer unit”: input clock frequency changed to 13.56 MHz and

text updated.

•Table 154 “SPI timing characteristics”: NSS HIGH time, tNSSH added.

MFRC523_32 20100112 Product data sheet - 115231

Modifications: •The format of this data sheet has been redesigned to comply with the new identity guidelines of NXP

Semiconductors.

•Legal texts have been adapted to the new company name where appropriate.

•General re-wording of MIFARE designation and commercial condi tions.

•Table 106 “TModeReg register bit descriptions” and Table 108 “TPrescale rReg register bit

descriptions”: changed value "fTimer = 13.56 MHz / (TPreScaler + 1)".

•Graphics: updated to latest standard.

•Descriptive text: updated.

•Register and bit names: updated.

•Register tables: presentation updated.

•Parameter symbols: updated.

•Section 9 “MFRC523 registers” now follows Section 8 “Functional description”.

•Section 16 “Test informati on” added, incorporating Section 16.1 “Test signals”.

115231 May 2007 Product data sheet - 115230

115230 September 2006 Product data sheet - 115220

115220 August 2006 Preliminary data sheet - -

Product data sheet

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

24. Legal information

24.1 Data sheet status

[1] Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design.

[2] The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”.

[3] The product status of de vice(s) descr ibed in th is document m ay have cha nged since thi s document w as publish ed and may di ffe r in case of multiple devices. The latest product status

information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com.

24.2 Definitions

Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under

internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in

modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any

representations or warrant ies as to t he accuracy or completeness of

information included herein and shall have no liab ility for the consequences of

use of such information.

Short data sheet — A short dat a sheet is an extract from a full data sh eet

with the same product type number(s) and tit le. A short data sh eet is intended

for quick reference only and shou ld not b e relied u pon to cont ain det ailed and

full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data

sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales

office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict wit h the short data sheet, th e

full data sheet shall pre va il.

Product specificat ion — The information and data provided in a Product

data sheet shall define the specification of the product as agreed between

NXP Semiconductors and its customer, unless NXP Semiconductors and

customer have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing. In no event however,

shall an agreement be valid in which the NXP Semiconductors product is

deemed to off er functions and qualities beyond those described in the

Product data sheet.

24.3 Disclaimers

Limited warr a nty and liability — Information in this document is believed to

be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any

representations or warrant ies, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or

completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the

consequences of use of such information.

In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,

punitive, special or consequ ential damages (including - wit hout limitation - lost

profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal or

replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such

damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of

contract or any other legal theory.

Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason

whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulat ive liability toward s

customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance

with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP Semiconductors.

Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make

changes to information published in this document, including without

limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without

notice. This document supersedes and replaces all informa tion supplied prior

to the publication hereof .

Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,

authorized or warranted to be suit able for use in life support, life-critical or

safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or

malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected

to result in perso nal injury, death or severe prop erty or environmental

damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liab ility for inclusion and/or use of

NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and

therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk.

Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these

products are for il lustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no

representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the

specified use without further testing or modification.

Customers are responsible for the design and ope ration of their applications

and products using NXP Semiconductors product s, and NXP Semiconductors

accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product

design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the NXP

Semiconductors product is suit able and fit for the custome r’s applications and

products planned, as well as fo r the planned application and use of

customer’s third party customer(s). Custo mers should provide appropriate

design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their

applications and products.

NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,

damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the

customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s

third party custo m er(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary

testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP

Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and

the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party

customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.

Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in

the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) will cause permanent

damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and (proper)

operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in

the Recommended operating conditions section (if present) or the

Characteristics sections of this document is not warranted. Constant or

repeated exposure to limiting values will permanently and irreversibly affect

the quality and reliability of the device.

Terms and conditions of commercial sale — NXP Semiconductors

products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial

sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, unless otherwise

agreed in a valid written individua l agreement. In case an individual

agreement is concluded only the ter ms and conditions of the respective

agreement shall apply. NXP Semiconductors hereby expressly objects to

applying the customer’s general terms and conditions with regard to the

purchase of NXP Semiconductors products by customer.

No offer to sell or license — Not hing in this document may be interpret ed or

construed as an of fer t o sell product s that is open for accept ance or the gr ant,

conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or

other industrial or intellectual property rights.

Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein

may be subject to export control regulatio ns. Export might require a prior

authorization from competent authorities.

Document status[1][2] Product status[3] Definition

Objective [short] data sheet Development This document contain s data from the objecti ve specification for product development.

Preliminary [short] dat a sheet Qualification This document contains data from the preliminary specification.

Product [short] data sheet Production This document contains the product specification.

Product data sheet

COMPANY PUBLIC Rev. 3.7 — 8 November 2011

115237 92 of 98

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

Quick reference data — The Quick reference data is an extract of the

product data given in the Limiting values and Characteristics sections of this

document, and as such is not complete, exhaustive or legally binding.

Non-automotive qualified products — Unless this data sheet expressly

states that this specific NXP Semiconductors product is automotive qualified,

the product is not suitable for aut omotive use. It i s neit her qua lified nor tested

in accordance with automotive testing or application requirements. NXP

Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of

non-automotive qualified products in au tomotive equipment or applications.

In the event that customer uses the product for design-in and use in

automotive applications to automot ive specifications and standards, custome r

(a) shall use the product without NXP Semiconductors’ warranty of the

product for such au tomotive applications, use and specifications, and (b)

whenever customer uses the product for automotive applications beyond

NXP Semiconductors’ specifications such use shall be solely at customer’s

own risk, and (c) customer fully indemnifies NXP Semiconductors for any

liability, damages or failed product claims resulting from customer design and

use of the product for automotive appl ications beyond NXP Semiconductors’

standard warrant y and NXP Semiconductors’ product specifications.

24.4 Licenses

24.5 Trademarks

Notice: All refe renced brands, produc t names, service names and trademarks

are the property of their respective ow ners.

I2C-bus — logo is a trademark of NXP B.V.

MIFARE — is a trademark of NXP B.V.

25. Contact information

For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com

For sales office addresses, please send an email to: salesaddresses@nxp.com

Purchase of NXP ICs with ISO/IEC 14443 type B functionality

This NXP Semiconductors IC is I SO/IEC 14443 T ype B

software enabled and is licensed under Innovatron’s

Contactless Card p atents license for ISO/IEC 144 43 B.

The license includes the right to use the IC in systems

and/or end-user equipment.

RATP/I nnovatron

Technology

Product data sheet

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

26. Tables

Table 1. Quick reference data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Table 2. Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Table 3. Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Table 4. Communication overview for ISO/IEC 14443 A

reader/writer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Table 5. Connection protocol for detecting different

interface types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Table 6. MOSI and MISO byte order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Table 7. MOSI and MISO byte order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Table 8. SPI read address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Table 9. SPI write address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Table 10. BR_T0 and BR_T1 settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Table 11. Selectable UART transfer speeds . . . . . . . . . .13

Table 12. UART framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Table 13. Read data byte order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Table 14. Write data byte order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Table 15. Address byte 0 register; address MOSI . . . . . .16

Table 16. Register and bit settings controlli ng the signal on

pin TX1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Table 17. Register and bit settings controlli ng the signal on

pin TX2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Table 18. CRC coprocessor parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Table 19. Interrupt sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Table 20. Behavior of register bits and their designation .32

Table 21. MFRC523 register overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Table 22. Reserved register (address 00h); reset value: 00h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Table 23. Reserved register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .36

Table 24. CommandReg register (address 01h); reset

value: 20h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Table 25. CommandReg register bit descriptions . . . . . .36

Table 26. ComIEnReg register (addre ss 02h); reset value:

80h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Table 27. ComIEnReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . .37

Table 28. DivIEnReg register (address 03h); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Table 29. DivIEnReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . .37

Table 30. ComIrqReg register (addre ss 04h); reset value:

14h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Table 31. ComIrqReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . .38

Table 32. DivIrqReg register (address 05h); reset value: x0h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Table 33. DivIrqReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .39

Table 34. ErrorReg register (address 06h); reset value: 00h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Table 35. ErrorReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .40

Table 36. Status1Reg register (address 07h); reset value:

21h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Table 37. Status1Reg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . 41

Table 38. Status2Reg register (address 08h); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Table 39. Status2Reg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . 41

Table 40. FIFODataReg register (address 09h); reset value:

xxh bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Table 41. FIFODataReg register bit de scriptions . . . . . . 42

Table 42. FIFOLevelReg register (address 0Ah); reset

value: 00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Table 43. FIFOLevel Reg register bit descriptions . . . . . . 43

Table 44. WaterLevelReg register (address 0Bh); reset

value: 08h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Table 45. WaterLevelReg register bit descriptions . . . . . 43

Table 46. ControlReg register (address 0Ch); reset value:

10h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Table 47. ControlReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . 43

Table 48. BitFramingReg register (address 0Dh); reset

value: 00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Table 49. BitFramingReg register bit descriptions . . . . . 44

Table 50. CollReg register (addres s 0Eh); reset value: xxh

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Table 51. CollReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Table 52. Reserved register (address 0Fh); reset value: 00h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Table 53. Reserved register bi t descriptions . . . . . . . . . . 45

Table 54. Reserved register (address 10h); reset value: 00h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Table 55. Reserved register bi t descriptions . . . . . . . . . . 45

Table 56. ModeReg register (address 1 1h); reset value: 3Fh

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Table 57. ModeReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . 46

Table 58. TxModeReg register (address 12h); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Table 59. TxModeReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . 47

Table 60. RxModeReg register (address 13h); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Table 61. RxModeReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . 47

Table 62. TxControl Reg register (address 14h); reset value:

80h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Table 63. TxControlReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . 48

Table 64. TxASKReg register (address 15h); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Table 65. TxASKReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . 49

Table 66. TxSelReg register (address 16h); reset value: 10h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Table 67. TxSelReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . 49

T able 68. RxSelReg register (address 17h); reset value: 84h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

Table 69. RxSelReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .50

Table 70. RxThresholdReg register (address 18h); reset

value: 84h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Table 71. RxThresholdReg register bit descriptions . . . .51

Table 72. DemodReg register (address 19h); reset value:

4Dh bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Table 73. DemodReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . .51

Table 74. Reserved register (address 1Ah); reset value: 00h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Table 75. Reserved register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .52

Table 76. Reserved register (address 1Bh); reset value: 00h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Table 77. Reserved register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .52

Table 78. MfTxReg register (address 1Ch); reset value: 62h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Table 79. MfTxReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .53

Table 80. MfRxReg register (address 1Dh); reset value: 00h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Table 81. MfRxReg register bit descripti ons . . . . . . . . . .53

Table 82. TypeBReg register (address 1Eh); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Table 83. TypeBReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . .53

Table 84. SerialSpeedReg register (address 1Fh); reset

value: EBh bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

Table 85. SerialSpeedReg register bit descriptions . . . . .54

Table 86. Reserved register (address 20h); reset value: 00h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Table 87. Reserved register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .55

Table 88. CRCResultReg (higher bits) register (address

21h); reset value: FFh bit allocation . . . . . . . .55

Table 89. CRCResultReg register higher bit descriptions 55

Table 90. CRCResultReg (lower bits) register (address

22h); reset value: FFh bit allocation . . . . . . . .55

Table 91. CRCResultRe g register lower bit descriptions .55

Table 92. Reserved register (address 23h); reset value: 88h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

Table 93. Reserved register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .56

T able 94. ModWidthReg register (address 24h); reset value:

26h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

Table 95. ModWidthReg register bit descriptions . . . . . .56

Table 96. Reserved register (address 25h); reset value: 87h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

Table 97. Reserved register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .56

Table 98. RFCfgReg register (address 26h); reset value:

48h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Table 99. RFCfgReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . .57

Table 100. GsNReg register (address 27h); reset value: 88h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Table 101. GsNReg register bi t descriptions . . . . . . . . . .57

Table 102. CWGsPReg register (address 28h ); reset value:

20h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Table 103. CWGsPReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . 58

Table 104. ModGsPReg register (address 29h); reset value:

20h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Table 105. ModGsPReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . 58

Table 106. TModeReg register (address 2Ah); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Table 107. TModeReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . 59

Table 108. TPrescalerReg register (address 2Bh); reset

value: 00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Table 109. TPrescalerReg register bit description s . . . . . 60

Table 1 10. TReloadReg (higher bits) register (address 2Ch);

reset value: 00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Table 111. TReloadReg register higher bit descriptions . . 60

Table 112. TReloadReg (lower bits) register (address 2Dh);

reset value: 00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Table 113. TReloadReg register lower bit descriptions . . 60

Table 114. TCounterValReg (higher bits) register (address

2Eh); reset value: xxh bit allocation . . . . . . . . 60

Table 115 . TCounterValReg regi ster higher bit

descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Table 116. TCounterValReg (lower bits) register (address

2Fh); reset value: xxh bit allocation . . . . . . . . 61

Table 117. TCounterValReg register lower bit

descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

T able 1 18. Reserved register (address 30h); reset value: 00h

bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Table 119. Reserved register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . 61

Table 120. TestSel1Reg register (address 31h); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Table 121. TestSel1Reg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . 61

Table 122. TestSel2Reg register (address 32h); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Table 123. TestSel2Reg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . 62

Table 124. TestPinEnReg register (address 33h); reset

value: 80h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Table 125. TestPinEnReg register bit descriptio ns . . . . . 62

Table 126. TestPinValueReg register (address 34h); reset

value: 00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Table 127. TestPinValueReg register bit descriptions . . . 63

Table 128. TestBusReg register (address 35h); reset value:

xxh bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Table 129. TestBusReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . 63

Table 130. AutoTestReg register (address 36h); reset value:

40h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Table 131. AutoTestReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . 64

Table 132. VersionReg register (address 37h); reset value:

xxh bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Table 133. VersionReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . . . 64

Table 134. AnalogTestReg register (address 38h); reset

value: 00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Table 135. AnalogTestReg re gister bit descriptions . . . . . 65

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

Table 136. TestDAC1Reg register (address 39h); reset

value: xxh bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 6

Table 137. TestDAC1Reg register bit descriptions . . . . . .66

Table 138. TestDAC2Reg register (addre ss 3Ah); reset

value: xxh bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 6

Table 139. TestDAC2Reg register bit descriptions . . . . . .66

Table 140. TestADCReg register (address 3Bh); reset value:

xxh bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Table 141. TestADCReg register bit descriptions . . . . . . .66

Table 142. Reserved register (address 3Ch); reset value:

FFh bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Table 143. Reserved re gister bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .67

Table 144. Reserved register (address 3Dh); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Table 145. Reserved re gister bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .67

Table 146. Reserved register (address 3Eh); reset value:

03h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Table 147. Reserved re gister bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .67

Table 148. Reserved register (address 3Fh); reset value:

00h bit allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Table 149. Reserved re gister bit descriptions . . . . . . . . . .67

Table 150. Command overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Table 151. Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

Table 152. Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 2

Table 153. Thermal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72

Table 154. Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72

Table 155. SPI timing characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76

Table 156. I2C-bus timing in Fast mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

Table 157. Test bus signals: TestBusSel[4:0] = 07h . . . . .80

Table 158. Test bus signals: TestBusSel[4:0] = 0Dh . . . . .81

Table 159. Test signal descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Table 160. Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Table 161. Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

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NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

27. Figures

Fig 1. Simplified block diagram of the MFRC523. . . . . . .4

Fig 2. Detailed block diagram of the MFRC523. . . . . . . .5

Fig 3. Pinning configuration HVQFN32 (SOT617-1) . . . .6

Fig 4. MFRC523 Read/Write mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Fig 5. ISO/IEC 14443 A/MIFARE Read/Write mode

communication diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Fig 6. Data coding and framing according to

ISO/IEC 14443 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Fig 7. SPI connection to host. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Fig 8. UART connection to microcontrollers . . . . . . . . .12

Fig 9. UART read data timing diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Fig 10. UART write data timing diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Fig 11. I2C-bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Fig 12. Bit transfer on the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 7

Fig 13. START and STOP conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Fig 14. Acknowledge on the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Fig 15. Data transfer on the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Fig 16. First byte following the START procedure . . . . . .19

Fig 17. Register read and write access . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Fig 18. I2C-bus HS mode protocol switch . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Fig 19. I2C-bus HS mode protocol frame. . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Fig 20. Serial data switch for TX1 and TX2 . . . . . . . . . . .25

Fig 21. Overview of MFIN and MFOUT signal ro uting. . .26

Fig 22. Quartz crystal connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Fig 23. Oscillator start-up time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Fig 24. Pin RX input voltage range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76

Fig 25. Timing diagram for SPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

Fig 26. Timing for Fast and Standard mode devices on the

I2C-bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

Fig 27. Typical application diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Fig 28. Output test signals TestDAC1 on pin AUX1 and

TestDAC2 on pin AUX2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

Fig 29. Output test signals Corr1 on pin AUX1 and MinLevel

on pin AUX2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

Fig 30. Output ADC I-channel on pin AUX1 and ADC

Q-channel on pin AUX2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Fig 31. Output RxActive on pin AUX1 and TxActive on pin

AUX2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84

Fig 32. Received data stream on pins AUX1 and AUX2 .84

Fig 33. Package outline SOT617-1 (HVQFN32) . . . . . . .8 6

Fig 34. Packing information 1 tray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

Fig 35. Packing informati on 5 trays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

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Contactless reader IC

28. Contents

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2 General description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

3 Features and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

4 Quick reference data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

5 Ordering information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

6 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

7 Pinning information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

7.1 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

8 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

8.1 ISO/IEC 14443 A functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

8.2 ISO/IEC 14443 B functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

8.3 Digital interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

8.3.1 Automatic microcontroller interface detection. . 9

8.3.2 Serial Peripheral Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

8.3.2.1 SPI read data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

8.3.2.2 SPI write data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

8.3.2.3 SPI Read and Write address byte . . . . . . . . . 11

8.3.3 UART interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

8.3.3.1 Connection to a host. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

8.3.3.2 Selectable UART transfer speeds . . . . . . . . . 12

8.3.3.3 UART framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

8.3.4 I2C Bus Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

8.3.4.1 Data validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8.3.4.2 START and STOP conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8.3.4.3 Byte format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

8.3.4.4 Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

8.3.4.5 7-Bit addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

8.3.4.6 Register write access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

8.3.4.7 Register read access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

8.3.4.8 High-speed mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

8.3.4.9 High-speed transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

8.3.4.10 Serial data transfer format in HS mode . . . . . 21

8.3.4.11 Switching between F/S mode and HS mode . 22

8.3.4.12 MFRC523 in lower speed modes . . . . . . . . . . 22

8.4 Analog interface and contactless UART. . . . . 23

8.4.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

8.4.2 TX p-driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

8.4.3 Serial data switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

8.4.4 MFIN and MFOUT interface support . . . . . . . 25

8.4.5 CRC coprocessor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

8.5 FIFO buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

8.5.1 Accessing the FIFO buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

8.5.2 Controlling the FIFO buffer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

8.5.3 FIFO buffer status information . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

8.6 Interrupt request system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

8.6.1 Interrupt sources overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

8.7 Timer unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

8.8 Power reduction modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

8.8.1 Hard power-down. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

8.8.2 Soft power-down mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

8.8.3 Transmitter Power-down mode . . . . . . . . . . . 31

8.9 Oscilla tor circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

8.10 Reset and oscillator start-up time . . . . . . . . . 31

8.10.1 Reset timing requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

8.10.2 Oscillator start-up time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

9 MFRC523 registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

9.1 Re gister bit behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

9.1.1 MFRC523 register overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

9.2 Register descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

9.2.1 Page 0: Command and status . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

9.2.1.1 Reserved register 00h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

9.2.1.2 CommandReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

9.2.1.3 ComIEnReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

9.2.1.4 DivIEnReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

9.2.1.5 ComIrqReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

9.2.1.6 DivIrqReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

9.2.1.7 ErrorReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

9.2.1.8 Status1Reg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

9.2.1.9 Status2Reg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

9.2.1.10 FIFODataReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

9.2.1.11 FIFOLevelReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

9.2.1.12 WaterLevelReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

9.2.1.13 ControlReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

9.2.1.14 BitFramingReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

9.2.1.15 CollReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

9.2.1.16 Reserved register 0Fh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.2.2 Page 1: Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.2.2.1 Reserved register 10h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

9.2.2.2 ModeReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

9.2.2.3 TxModeReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

9.2.2.4 RxModeReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

9.2.2.5 TxControlReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

9.2.2.6 TxASKReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

9.2.2.7 TxSelReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

9.2.2.8 RxSelReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

9.2.2.9 RxThresholdReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

9.2.2.10 DemodReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

9.2.2.11 Reserved register 1Ah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

9.2.2.12 Reserved register 1Bh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

9.2.2.13 MfTxReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

9.2.2.14 MfRxReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

9.2.2.15 TypeBReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

9.2.2.16 SerialSpeedReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

9.2.3 Page 2: Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

9.2.3.1 Reserved register 20h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

NXP Semiconductors MFRC523

Contactless reader IC

For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com

For sales office addresses, please send an email to: salesaddresses@nxp.com

Date of release: 8 November 2011

115237

Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)

described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.

9.2.3.2 CRCResultReg registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

9.2.3.3 Reserved register 23h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

9.2.3.4 ModWidthReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

9.2.3.5 Reserved register 25h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

9.2.3.6 RFCfgReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

9.2.3.7 GsNReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

9.2.3.8 CWGsPReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

9.2.3.9 ModGsPReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

9.2.3.10 TModeReg and TPrescalerReg registers. . . . 58

9.2.3.11 TReloadReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.2.3.12 TCounterValReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.2.4 Page 3: Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.2.4.1 Reserved register 30h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.2.4.2 TestSel1Reg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.2.4.3 TestSel2Reg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

9.2.4.4 TestPinEnReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

9.2.4.5 TestPinValueReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

9.2.4.6 TestBusReg register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

9.2.4.7 AutoTestReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

9.2.4.8 VersionReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

9.2.4.9 AnalogTestReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

9.2.4.10 TestDAC1Reg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

9.2.4.11 TestDAC2Reg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

9.2.4.12 TestADCReg register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

9.2.4.13 Reserved register 3Ch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

10 MFRC523 command set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

10.1 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

10.2 General behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

10.3 MFRC523 command overview. . . . . . . . . . . . 68

10.3.1 MFRC523 command descriptions . . . . . . . . . 69

10.3.1.1 Idle mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

10.3.1.2 Mem command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

10.3.1.3 Generate RandomID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

10.3.1.4 CalcCRC command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

10.3.1.5 Transmit command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

10.3.1.6 NoCmdChange command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

10.3.1.7 Receive command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

10.3.1.8 Transceive command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

10.3.1.9 MFAuthent command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

10.3.1.10 SoftReset command. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

11 Limiting values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

12 Recommended operating conditions. . . . . . . 72

13 Thermal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

14 Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

14.1 Timing characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

15 Application information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

16 Test information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

16.1 Test signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

16.1.1 Self-test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

16.1.2 Te st bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

16.1.3 Test signals on pins AUX1 or AUX2. . . . . . . . 81

16.1.3.1 Example: Output test signals TestDAC1 and

TestDAC2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

16.1.3.2 Example: Output test signals Corr1 and

MinLevel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

16.1.3.3 Example: Output test signals ADC I-channel

and ADC Q-channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

16.1.3.4 Example: Output test signals RxActive and

TxActive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

16.1.3.5 Example: Output test signal RX data stream. 84

16.1.3.6 Pseudo-Random Binary Sequences (PRBS). 85

17 Package outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

18 Handling information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

19 Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

20 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

21 Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

22 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

23 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

24 Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

24.1 Data sheet status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

24.2 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

24.3 Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

24.4 Licenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

24.5 Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

25 Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

26 Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

27 Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

28 Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97