Data Sheet
April 2008
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
Applications
nDistributed power architectures
nCommunicat ion s eq uip m en t
nComputer equipment
Options
nHeat sinks available for extended operation
nAuto-restar t af ter overtemper ature, overvoltage, or
overcurren t sh utdow n
nChoice of short pin lengths
nCase ground pin
Features
nSmall size: 36.8 mm x 57.9 mm x 12.7 mm
(1.45 in. x 2.28 in. x 0.50 in.)
nHigh power densi ty
nExtra high efficiency: 85% typical
nLow output noise
nConstant frequency
nIndustry-standar d pin o ut
nMetal baseplate
n2:1 input voltage range
nOvervoltage and overcurrent, overtemperature
protection
nNegative remote on/off
nRemote sense
nAdjustable outpu t voltage
nISO* 9001 and ISO 14001 Certified manufacturing
facilities
nUL†60950 Recognized, CSA‡ C22.2 No. 60950-00
Certified, and VDE § 0805 (EN60950) Licensed
nCE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC direc-
tives**
* ISO is a registered trademark of the International Organization
for Standardization.
†UL is a registered trademark of Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
‡ CSA is a registered trademark of Canadian Standards Associa-
tion.
§VDE is a trademark of Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker e.V.
** This product is intended for integration into end-use equipment.
All the required procedures for CE marking of end-use equip-
ment should be followed. (The CE mark is placed on selected
products.)
The QHW Series Power Modules use advanced, surface-
mount technology and deliver high-quality, efficient, and
compact dc-dc conversion.
Description
The QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules are dc-dc converters that operate over
an input volt age range of 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc and provide a precisely regulated dc output. The outputs are fully
isolated from the inputs, allowing versatile polarity configurations and grounding connections. The modules
have maximum power ratings from 33 W to 66 W at a typical full-load efficiency of 85%.
The sealed modules offer a metal baseplate for excellent thermal perfor mance. Thr eaded-throu gh holes ar e p ro-
vided to allow easy mounting or addition of a heat sink for high- temperature applica tions. The st andard feature se t
includes remote sensing, output trim, and remote on/off for convenient flexibility in distributed power applications.
2Lineage Power
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanen t da mage to th e d evice. The se ar e abso-
lute stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess
of those given in the operations sections of the data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended
periods can adversely affect device reliability.
Electrical Specifications
Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature
conditions.
Table 1. Input Specifications
Fusing Considerations
CAUTION: This power module is not internally fused. An input line fuse must always be used.
This encapsulated power module can be used in a wide variety of applications, ranging from simple stand-alone
operation to an integrated part of a sophisticated power architecture. To preserve maximum flexibility, internal fus-
ing is not included; however, to achieve maximum sa fety and system protection, always use an input line fuse. The
safety agencies require a normal-blow fuse with a maximum rating of 20 A (see Safe ty Considerations section).
Based on the information provided in this data sheet on inrush energy and maximum dc input current, the same
type of fuse with a lower rating can be used. Refer to the fuse manufacturer’s data for further information.
Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit
Input Voltage:
Continuous
Transient (100 ms) VI
VI, trans —
—75
100 Vdc
V
Operating Case Temperature
(See Thermal Considerations section.) TC–40 100 °C
Storage Temperature Tstg –55 125 °C
I/O Isolation Voltage (for 1 minute) — — 1500 Vdc
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Operating Input Vo ltage VI36 48 75 Vdc
Maximum Input Current:
VI = 0 V to 75 V; IO = IO, max; see Figures 1—3:
QHW050F1-Q
QHW075F1-Q
QHW100F1-Q
VI = 36 V to 75 V; IO = IO, max:
QHW050F1-Q
QHW050F1-Q
QHW075F1-Q
II, max
II, max
II, max
II, max
II, max
II, max
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
2.5
3.5
4.5
1.9
2.7
3.5
A
A
A
A
A
A
Inrush Transient i2t——1.0A
2s
Input Reflected-ripple Current, Peak-to-peak
(5 Hz to 20 MHz, 12 µH source impedance;
see Figure 17.)
II —10—mAp-p
Input Ripple Rejection (120 Hz) — — 60 — dB
Lineage Power 3
Data Sheet
April 2008 dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Electrical Specifications (continued)
Table 2. Output Specifications
* Consult your sales representative or the factory.
† These are manufacturing test limits. In some situations, results may differ.
‡ Total tolerance may be tighter than specified under various line, load or ambient condition.
nFor a reduced line range of 44 to 52 volts: line regulation = +/-3mV/+7mV
nFor a case temperature range of 30 to 55 Co: temperature drift = 20 mV
Table 3. Isolation Specifications
Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Output Voltage Set Point
(VI = 48 V; IO = IO, max; TC = 25 °C) All VO, set 3.24 3.3 3.36 Vdc
Output Voltage
(Over all operating input voltage, resistive
load, and temperature conditions until end of
life. See Figure 19.)
All VO3.2 — 3.4 Vdc
Output Regulation:
Line (VI = 36 V to 75 V)
Load (IO = IO, min to IO, max)
Tem p erature (TC = –40 °C to +100 °C)
All
All
All
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.01‡
0.05
15‡
0.1‡
0.2
50‡
%VO
%VO
mV
Output Ripple and Noise Voltage
(See Figure 18.):
RMS
Peak-to-peak (5 Hz to 20 MHz) All
All —
——
——
—40
150 mVrms
mVp-p
External Load Capacitance All — 0 — *µF
Output Current
(At IO < IO, min , the modules may exce ed output
ripple specifications.)
QHW050F1-Q
QHW075F1-Q
QHW100F1-Q
IO
IO
IO
0.5
0.5
0.5
—
—
—
10
15
20
A
A
A
Output Current-limit Inception
(VO = 90% of VO, nom)QHW050F1-Q
QHW075F1-Q
QHW100F1-Q
IO, cli
IO, cli
IO, cli
—
—
—
15
20
25
20†
26†
32†
A
A
A
Efficiency (VI = 48 V; IO = IO, max; T C = 70 °C;
see Figure 19.) QHW050F1-Q
QHW075F1-Q
QHW100F1-Q
η
η
η
—
—
—
85
85.5
84.5
—
—
—
%
%
%
Switching Frequency All — — 380 — kHz
Dynamic Response
(ΔIO/Δt = 1 A/10 µs, VI = 48 V, TC = 25 °C;
tested with a 1000 µF aluminum and a 1.0 µF
ceramic capacitor across the load):
Load Change from IO = 50 % to 75% of IO, max:
Peak Deviation
Settling Time (VO < 10% of peak deviation)
Load Change from IO = 50 % to 25% of IO, max:
Peak Deviation
Settling Time (VO < 10% of peak deviation)
All
All
All
All
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
6
200
6
200
—
—
—
—
%VO, set
µs
%VO, set
µs
Parameter Min Typ Max Unit
Isolation Capa citance — 2500 — pF
Isolation Resistance 10 — — MΩ
4Lineage Power
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
General Specifications
Feature Specifications
Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature
conditions. See the Feature Descriptions section for additional information.
* These are manufacturing test limits. In some situations, results may differ.
Solder, Cleaning, and Drying Considerations
Post solder cleaning is usually the final circuit-b oard asse mbly process p rior to electrical testing. The result of inad-
equate circuit-board cleaning and drying can affect both the reliability of a power module and the testability of the
finished circuit- bo ar d as se mb ly. Fo r gu id an ce on appr o pr iate soldering, cleaning, and drying procedures, refer to
Lineage Power Board-Mounted Power Modules Soldering and Cleaning Application Note (AP97-021EPS).
Parameter Min Typ Max Unit
Calculated MTBF (IO = 80% of IO, max; TC = 40 °C) 2,200,000 hours
Weight — — 75 (2.7) g (oz.)
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
Remote On/Off Signal Interface
(VI = 0 V to 75 V; open collector or equivalent compatible;
signal referenced to VI(–) terminal):
Logic Low—Module On
Logic High—Module Off
Logic Low:
At Ion/off = 1.0 mA
At Von/off = 0.0 V
Logic High:
At Ion/off = 0.0 µA
Leakage Current
Turn-on Time (See Figure 16.)
(IO = 80% of IO, max; VO within ±1% of steady state)
Von/off
Ion/off
Von/off
Ion/off
—
0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
20
1.2
1.0
15
50
35
V
mA
V
µA
ms
Output Voltage Adjustment:
Output Voltage Remote-sense Range
Output Voltage Set-point Adjustment Range (trim) —
——
90 —
—0.5
110 V
%VO, nom
Output Overvoltage Protection VO, sd 3.8* — 4.5* V
Overtemperature Protection TC—105— °C
Data Sheet
April 2008
Lineage Power 5
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Characteristic Curves
The following figures provide typical characteristics for the power modules.
8-3261(F)
Figure 1. Typical QHW050F1-Q Input
Characteristics at Room Temperature
1-0038
Figure 2. Typical QHW075F1-Q Input
Characteristics at Room Temperature
8-3262(F)
Figure 3. Typical QHW100F1-Q Input
Characteristics at Room Temperature
8-3263(F)
Figure 4. Typical QHW050F1-Q Converter
Efficiency vs. Output Current at Room
Temperature
1.4
20
INPUT VOLTAGE, VI (V)
INPUT CURRENT, II (A)
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
IO = 10 A
IO = 5.5 A
IO = 1 A
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
02520 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 7
5
INPUT CURRENT, II (A)
INPUT V OLTAGE, VI (V)
IO = 15 A
IO = 8.25 A
IO = 1.5 A
2.5
20
INPUT VOLTAGE, VI (V)
INPUT CURRENT, II (A)
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
IO = 20 A
IO = 11 A
IO = 2 A
90
1
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
EFFICIENCY, η (%)
2345678910
85
80
75
70
65
60
VI = 75 V
VI = 48 V
VI = 36 V
6Lineage Power
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Characteristic Curves (continued)
8-3455(F)
Figure 5. Typical QHW075F1-Q Converter
Efficiency vs. Output Current at Room
Temperature
8-3264(F)
Figure 6. Typical QHW100F1-Q Converter
Efficiency vs. Output Current at Room
Temperature
8-3265(F)
Note: See Figure 18 for test conditions.
Figure 7. Typical QHW050F1-Q Output Ripple
Voltage at Room Temperature; IO = IO, max
8-3456(F)
Note: See Figure 18 for test conditions.
Figure 8. Typical QHW075F1-Q Output Ripple
Voltage at Room Temperature; IO = IO, max
90
85
1.5
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
EFFICIENCY, η (%)
80
75
70
65
60 3 4.5 6 7.5 9 10.5 12 13.5 15
VI = 75 V
VI = 48 V
VI = 36 V
89
2
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
EFFICIENCY, η (%)
34567891011
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
VI = 75 V
VI = 48 V
VI = 36 V
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V)
(50 mV/div)
TIME, t (1 μs/div)
VI = 36 V
VI = 48 V
VI = 75 V
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V)
(50 mV/div)
TIME, t (1 μs/div)
VI = 36 V
VI = 48 V
VI = 75 V
Lineage Power 7
Data Sheet
April 2008 dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Characteristic Curves (continued)
8-3266(C)
Note: See Figure 18 for test conditions.
Figure 9. Typical QHW100F1-Q Output Ripple
Voltage at Room Temperature; IO = IO, max
8-3267(F)
Note: Tested with a 1000 µF aluminum and a 1.0 µF ceramic capaci-
tor across the load.
Figure 10. Typical QHW050F1-Q Transient
Response to S t ep Increa se in Load fr om
50% to 75% of Full Load at Room
Temperature and 48 Vdc Input.
(W aveform A vera ged to Eliminate Ripple
Component.)
8-3457(F)
Note: Tested with a 1000 µF aluminum and a 1.0 µF ceramic capaci-
tor across the load.
Figure 11. Typical QHW075F1-Q Transient
Response to S te p Increas e in Load from
50% to 75% of Full Load at Room
Temperature and 36 Vdc Input.
(W aveform A veraged to Eliminat e Ripple
Component.)
8-3268(F)
Note: Tested with a 1000 µF aluminum and a 1.0 µF ceramic capaci-
tor across the load.
Figure 12. Typical QHW100F1-Q Transient
Response to S te p Increas e in Load from
50% to 75% of Full Load at Room
Temperature and 48 Vdc Input.
(W aveform A veraged to Eliminat e Ripple
Component.)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V)
(50 mV/div)
TIME, t (1 μs/div)
VI = 36 V
VI = 48 V
VI = 75 V
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V)
(100 mV/div)
TIME, t (100 μs/div)
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
(2 A/div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V)
(100 mV/div)
TIME, t (100 μs/div)
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
(5 A/div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V)
(200 mV/div)
TIME, t (200 μs/div)
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
(5 A/div)
88 Lineage Power
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Characteristic Curves (continued)
1-0088
Note: Tested with a 1000 µF aluminum and a 1.0 µF ceramic capaci-
tor across the load.
Figure 13. Typical QHW050F1-Q Transient
Response to Step Decrease in Load
from 50% to 25% of Full Load at Room
Temperature and 48 Vdc Input.
(W aveform A vera ged to Eliminate Ripple
Component.)
8-3458(F)
Note: Tested with a 1000 µF aluminum and a 1.0 µF ceramic capaci-
tor across the load.
Figure 14. Typical QHW075F1-Q Transient
Response to Step Decrease in Load
from 50% to 25% of Full Load at Room
Temperature and 48 Vdc Input.
(W aveform A vera ged to Eliminate Ripple
Component.)
1-0089
Note: Tested with a 1000 µF aluminum and a 1.0 µF ceramic capaci-
tor across the load.
Figure 15. Typical QHW100F1-Q Transient
Response to Step Decrease in Load
from 50% to 25% of Full Load at Room
Temperature and 48 Vdc Input.
(W aveform A veraged to Eliminate Ripple
Component.)
8-3269(F)
Figure 16. Typical Start-Up from Remote On/Off;
IO = IO, max
TIME, t (50 μs/div)
OUTPUT V OLTAGE, VO (V)
(100 mV/div)
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
(1 A/div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V)
(200 mV/div)
TIME, t (100 μs/div)
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
(2 A/div)
TIME, t (200 μs/div)
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
(5 A/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V)
(200 mV/div)
REMOTE ON/OFF,
VON/OFF (V)
TIME, t (5 ms/div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V)
(1 V/div)
9400 μF
3300 μF
800 μF
NO CAP
Lineage Power 9
Data Sheet
April 2008 dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Test Configurations
8-203(F).l
Note: Measure input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source
inductance (LTEST) of 12 µH. Capacitor CS offsets possible bat-
tery impedance. Measure current as shown above.
Figure 17. Input Refl ected-Ripple Test Setup
8-513(F).d
Note: Use a 1.0 µF ceramic capacitor and a 10 µF aluminum or tan-
talum capacitor. Scope measurement should be made using a
BNC socket. Position the load between 51 mm and 76 mm
(2 in. and 3 in.) from the module.
Figure 18. Peak-to-Peak Output Noise
Measurement Test Setup
8-749(F)
Note: All measurements are taken at the module terminals. When
socketing, place Kelvin connections at module terminals to
avoid measurement errors due to socket contact resistance.
Figure 19. Output Voltage and Efficiency
Measurement Test Setup
Design Considerations
Input Source Impedance
The power module should be connected to a low
ac-impedance input source. Highly inductive source
impedances can affect the stability of the power mod-
ule. For the test configuration in Figure 17, a 33 µF
electrolytic capacitor (ESR < 0.7 Ω at 100 kHz)
mounted close to the power module helps ensure sta-
bility of the unit. For other highly inductive source
impedances, consult the factory for further application
guidelines.
Safety Considerations
For safety-agency approval of the system in which the
power module is used, the power module must be
installed in co mpliance with the spacing and sep aration
requirements of the end-use safety agency standard,
i.e., UL60950, CSA C22.2 No. 60950-00, and VDE
0805 (EN60950).
If the input source is non-SELV (ELV or a hazardous
voltage greater than 60 Vdc and less than or equal to
75 Vdc), for the module’s output to be considered
meeting the requirements of safety extra-low voltage
(SELV), all of the following must be true:
nThe input source are to be provided with reinforced
insulation from any hazardous voltages, including the
ac mains.
nOne VI pin and one VO pin are to be grounded, or
both the input and output pins ar e to be kept floating.
nThe input pins of the module are not operator acces-
sible.
nAnother SELV reliability test is conducted on the
whole system, as required by the safety agencies, on
the combination of supply source and the subject
module to verify that under a single fault, hazardous
voltages do not appear at the module’s output.
Note: Do not ground either of the input pins of the
module without groundin g one of the output pins.
This may allows a non-SELV voltage to appear
between the output pin and ground.
The power module has e xtra-low voltag e (ELV) outputs
when all inputs are ELV.
The input to these units is to be provided with a maxi-
mum 20 A normal-blow fuse in the ungrounded lead.
TO OSCILLOSCOPE
CURRENT
PROBE
BATTERY
L
TEST
12
μ
H
C
S
220
μ
F
ESR < 0.1
Ω
@ 20
°
C, 100 kHz 33
μ
F
ESR < 0.7
Ω
@ 100 kHz
V
I
(+)
V
I
(–)
1.0 μFRESISTIVE
SCOPE
COPPER STRIP
10 μFLOAD
VO(+)
VO(–)
VI(+)
IIIO
SUPPLY
CONTACT
CONTACT AND
LOAD
SENSE(+)
VI(–)
VO(+)
VO(–)
SENSE(–)
RESISTANCE
DISTRIBUTION LOSSES
ηVO(+) – VO(–)[]IO
VI(+) – VI(–)[]II
------------------------------------------------
⎝⎠
⎛⎞
x100=%
1010 Lineage Power
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Feature Descriptions
Overcurrent Protection
To provide protection in a fault (output overload) condi-
tion, the unit is equipped with internal current-limiting
circuitry and can endure current limiting for up to one
second. If overcurren t exists for more than one second,
the unit will shut down.
At the point of current-limit inception, the unit shifts
from voltage control to current co ntrol. If the output volt-
age is pulled very low during a sever e fault, the current-
limit circuit can exhibit either foldback or tailout charac-
teristics (output current decrease or increase).
The module is available in two overcurrent configura-
tions. In one configuration, when the unit shuts down it
will latch off. The overcurrent latch is reset by either
cycling the input power or by toggling the ON/OFF pin
for one second. In the other configuration, the unit will
try to restart after shutdown. If the output overload con-
dition still exists when the unit rest arts, it will shut down
again. This operation will continue indefinitely until the
overcurrent condition is corrected.
Remote On/Off
Negative logic remote on/off turns the module off dur-
ing a logic high and on during a logic low. To turn the
power module on and off, the user must supply a
switch to control the voltage between the on/off termi-
nal and the VI(–) terminal (Von/off). T he switch can be an
open collector or equivalent (see Figure 20). A logic
low is V on/off = 0 V to 1.2 V. The maximum Ion/off duri ng a
logic low is 1 mA. The switch should maintain a logic-
low voltage while sinking 1 mA.
During a logic high, the maximum Von/off generated by
the power module is 15 V. The maximum allowable
leakage current of the switch at Von/off = 15 V is 50 µA.
If not using the remote on/off feature, short the ON/OFF
pin to VI(–).
8-720(F).c
Figure 20. Remote On/Off Implementation
Remote Sense
Remote sense minimizes the effects of distribution
losses by regulating the voltage at the remote-sense
connection s. Th e vo ltage betw ee n th e rem ote - sen se
pins and the output terminals must not exceed the out-
put voltag e sense range given in the Feature Specifica-
tions table, i.e.:
[VO(+) – VO(–)] – [SENSE(+) – SENSE(–)] ≤ 0.5 V
The voltage between the VO(+) and VO(–) terminals
must not exceed the minim um output overvolt age pro-
tection value shown in the Feature S pecifications table.
This limit includes any increase in voltage due to
remote-sense compensation and output voltage set-
point adjustment (trim). See Figure 21.
If not using the remote-sense feature to regulate the
output at the point of load, then connect SENSE(+) to
VO(+) and SENSE(–) to VO(–) at the module.
Although the output voltage can be increased by both
the remote sense and by the trim, the maximum
increase for the output voltage is not the sum of both.
The maximum increase is the larger of either the
remote sense or the trim. Consult the factory if you
need to increase the output voltage more than the
above limitatio n.
The amount of power delivered by the module is
defined as the volt age at the output terminals multiplied
by the output current. When using remote sense and
trim, the output voltage of the module can be
increased, which at the same output current would
increase the power output of the module. Care should
be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of
the module remains at or below the maximum rated
power.
SENSE(+)
VO(+)
SENSE(–)
VO(–)
VI(–)
+
–
Ion/off ON/OFF
VI(+)
LOAD
Von/off
Lineage Power 11
Data Sheet
April 2008 dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Feature Descriptions (continued)
Remote Sense (continue d)
8-651(F).m
Figure 21. Effective Circuit Configuration for
Single-Module Remote-Sense Operation
Output Voltage Set-Point Adjustment (Trim)
Output voltage trim allows the user to increase or
decrease the output volt age set point of a module. This
is accomplished by connecting an external resistor
between the TR IM pi n and either the SENSE(+) or
SENSE(–) pins. The trim resistor should be positioned
close to the module.
If not using the trim feature, leave the TRIM pin open.
With an external resistor between the TRIM and
SENSE(–) pins (Radj-down), the output voltage set point
(VO, adj) decreases (see Figure 22). The following equa-
tion determin es the re qu ir ed external-resistor value to
obtain a percentage output voltage change of Δ%.
With an external resistor connected betwe en the TRIM
and SENSE(+) pins (Radj-up), the output voltage set
point (VO, adj) increases (see Figure 23).
The following equation determines the required exter-
nal-resistor value to obt ain a percentage output volta ge
change of Δ%.
The voltage between the VO(+) and VO(–) terminals
must not exceed the minimum output overvoltage pro-
tection value shown in the Feature Specifications table.
This limit includes any increase in volt age due to
remote-sense co mpensation and output voltage set-
point adjustment (trim). See Figure 21.
Although the output voltage can be increased by both
the remote sense and by the trim, the maximum
increase for the output voltage is not the sum of both.
The maximum increase is the larger of either the
remote sense or the trim. Consult the factory if you
need to increase the output voltage more than the
above limitatio n.
The amount of power delivered by the module is
defined as the voltage at the output terminals multiplied
by the output curr ent. When using remote sense and
trim, the output voltage of the module can be
increased, which at the same output current would
increase the power output of the module. Care should
be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of
the module remains at or below the maximum rated
power.
8-748(F).b
Figure 22. Circuit Configuration to Decrease
Output Voltage
8-715(F).b
Figure 23. Circuit Configuration to Increase
Output Voltage
Note: The output voltage of this module may be
increased by a maximum of 0.5 V. The 0.5 V is
the combination of both the remote-sense and
the output voltage set-point adjustment (trim).
Do not exceed 3.8 V between the VO(+) and
VO(–) terminals.
SENSE(+)
SENSE(–)
VI(+)
VI(–)
IOLOAD
CONTACT AND
SUPPLY II
CONTACT
VO(+)
VO(–)
DISTRIBUTION LOSSESRESISTANCE
Radj-down 510
Δ%
----------10.2–
⎝⎠
⎛⎞
kΩ=
Radj-up 5.1VO100 Δ%+()
1.225Δ%
-----------------------------------------------510
Δ%
----------
–10.2
–
⎝⎠
⎛⎞
kΩ=
VI
(+)
VI(–)
ON/OFF
CASE
VO(+)
VO(–)
SENSE(+)
TRIM
SENSE(–) Radj-down RLOAD
VI
(+)
VI(–)
ON/OFF
CASE
VO(+)
VO(–)
SENSE(+)
TRIM
SENSE(–)
Radj-up RLOAD
1212 Lineage Power
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Feature Descriptions (continued)
Output Overvoltage Protection
The output overvoltage protection consists of circuitry
that monitors the volt ag e on the ou tput te rminals. If the
voltage on the output terminals exceeds the overvolt-
age protection threshold, then the module will shut
down and latch off. The overvoltage latch is reset by
either cycling the input power for one second or by tog-
gling the on/of f signal for one second. If the auto -restart
option is chosen, the unit will “hiccup” until the tempera-
ture is within specification.
Overtemperature Protection
These modules feature an overtemperature protection
circuit to safeguard against thermal damage. The cir-
cuit shuts down and latches off the module when the
maximum case tempera tur e is exceeded. The module
can be restarted by cycling the dc input power for at
least one second or by toggli ng the remote on/off signal
for at least one second. If the auto-restart option is cho-
sen, the unit will “hiccup” until the temperature is within
specification.
Thermal Considerations
Introduction
The power modules operate in a variety of thermal
environments; however, sufficient cooling should be
provided to help ensure reliab le operation of the unit.
Heat-dissipating components inside the unit are ther-
mally coupled to the case. Heat is removed by conduc-
tion, convection, and radiation to the surrounding
environment. Proper cooling can be verified by mea-
suring the case temperature. Peak temperature (TC)
occurs at the position indicated in Figure 24.
8-2104(F)
Note: Top view, pin locations are for reference only.
Measurements shown in millimeters and (inches).
Figure 24. Case Temperature Measureme nt
Location
The temperat ur e at this location should no t ex cee d
100 °C. The output power of the module should not
exceed the rated power for the module as listed in the
Ordering Information table.
Although the maximum case temperature of the power
modules is 100 °C, you can limit this temperature to a
lower value for extremely high reliability.
Heat Transfer Without Heat Sinks
Increasing airflow over the module enhances the heat
transfer via convection. Figures 25 and 26 show the
maximum power that can be di ssipated by the module
without exceeding the maximum ca se temperatur e ve r-
sus local ambient temperat ure (TA) for natural convec-
tion through 3 m/s (600 ft./min.).
Note that the natural convection condition was mea-
sured at 0.05 m/s to 0.1 m/s (1 0 ft./min. to 20 ft./min.);
however, systems in which these power modules may
be used typically generate natural convection airflow
rates of 0.3 m/s (60 ft./min.) due to other heat dissipat-
ing components in the system. The use of Figure 25 is
shown in the followin g ex am p l e.
Example
What is the minimum airflow necessary for a
QHW100F1-Q operating at V I = 48 V, an output current
of 15 A, transverse orientation, and a maximum ambi-
ent temperature of 40 °C?
Solution
Given: VI = 48 V
IO = 15 A
TA = 40 °C
Determine PD (Use Figure 29):
PD = 7.75 W
Determine airflow (v) (Use Figure 25):
v = 0.5 m/s (100 ft./min.)
14
(0.55)
ON/OFF TRIM
(+)SENSE
(–)SENSE
33 (1.30)
VI(+)
VI(–) VO(–)
VO(+)
Lineage Power 13
Data Sheet
April 2008 dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Thermal Considerations (continued)
Heat Transfer Without Heat Sinks (continued)
8-2321(F).a
Figure 25. Forced Convection Power Derating wit h
No Heat Sink; Transverse Orientation
8-2318(F).b
Figure 26. Forced Convection Power Derating wit h
No Heat Sink; Longitudinal Orientation
8-3270(F)
Figure 27. QHW050F1-Q Power Dissipation vs.
Output Current at 25 °C
8-3459(F)
Figure 28. QHW075F1-Q Power Dissipation vs.
Output Current at 25 °C
20
0LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C)
POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
3.0 m/s (600 ft./min.)
2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.)
1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.)
15
10
5
0
0.1 m/s (20 ft./min.)
NATURAL
CONVECTION
20
0LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C)
POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
15
10
5
0
3.0 m/s (600 ft./min.)
2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.)
1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.)
0.1 m/s (20 ft./min.)
NATURAL
CONVECTION
1OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W)
2345678910
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
VI = 36 V
VI = 48 V
VI = 75 V
10
9
1.5
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W)
8
7
6
5
4
3 4.5 6 7.5 9 10.5 12 13.5 15
3
2
1
0VI = 36 V
VI = 48 V
VI = 75 V
1414 Lineage Power
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Thermal Considerations (continued)
Heat Transfer Without Heat Sinks (continued)
8-3271(F)
Figure 29. QHW100F1-Q Power Dissipation vs.
Output Current at 25 °C
Heat Transfer with Heat Sinks
The power modules have through-threaded, M3 x 0.5
mounting holes, which en able heat sinks or cold plates
to attach to the module. The mounting torque must not
exceed 0.56 N-m (5 in.-lbs.). For a scr ew attachme nt
from the pin side, the recommended hole size on the
customer’s PWB around the mounting holes is
0.130 ± 0.005 inches. If a lar ge r ho le is used , the
mounting torque from the pin side must not exceed
0.25 N-m (2.2 in.-lbs.).
Thermal derating with h eat sinks is expresse d by using
the overall thermal resistance of the module. Total
module thermal resistance (θca) is defined as the max-
imum case temperature rise (ΔTC, max) divided by the
module power dissipation (PD):
The location to measure case temperature (TC) is
shown in Figure 24. Case-to-ambient th ermal resis-
tance vs. airflow is shown, for various heat sink config-
urations, height s, and orientations, as shown in Figures
30 and 31. Longitudinal orientation is defined as when
the long axis of the module is parallel to the airflow
direction, whereas in the transverse orientation, the
long axis is perpendicular to the airflow. These curves
were obtained by experimental testing of heat sinks,
which are offered in the produc t c atalog.
8-2323(F).a
Figure 30. Case-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance
Curves; Transverse Orientation
8-2324(F).a
Figure 31. Case-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance
Curves; Longitudinal Orientation
14
2OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W)
34567891011
12
10
8
6
4
212 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
VI = 75 V
VI = 48 V
VI = 36 V
θca ΔTCmax,
PD
---------------------TCTA–()
PD
------------------------
==
10
0
VELOCITY, m/s (FT./MIN.)
CASE-TO-AMBIENT THERMAL
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESISTANCE, θCA (°C/W)
(100) (200) (300) (400) (500) (600)
NO HEAT SINK
1/4 IN. HEAT SINK
1/2 IN. HEAT SINK
1 IN. HEAT SINK
10
0
VELOCITY, m/s (ft./min.)
CASE-TO-AMBIENT THERMAL
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESISTANCE, θCA (°C/W)
(100) (200) (300) (400) (500) (600)
NO HEAT SINK
1/4 IN. HEAT SINK
1/2 IN. HEAT SINK
1 IN. HEAT SINK
11
Lineage Power 15
Data Sheet
April 2008 dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Thermal Considerations (continued)
Heat Transfer with Heat Sinks (continued)
8-2889(F)
Figure 32. Heat Sink Power Derating Curves;
Natural Convection; Transverse
Orientation
8-2890(F)
Figure 33. Heat Sink Power Derating Curves;
Natural Convection; Longitudinal
Orientation
8-2891(F)
Figure 34. Heat Sink Power Derating Curves;
1.0 m/s (200 lfm); Transverse
Orientation
8-2892(F)
Figure 35. Heat Sink Power Derating Curves;
1.0 m/s (200 lfm); Longitudinal
Orientation
These measured resistances are from heat transfer
from the sides and bottom of the module as well as the
top side with the attached heat sink; therefore, the
case-to-ambient thermal resistances shown are gener-
ally lower than the resistance of the heat sink by itself.
The module used to collect the data in Figures 30 and
31 had a thermal-cond uctive dry pa d between the case
and the heat sink to minimize contact resistance. The
use of Figure 30 is shown in the following example.
20
0LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C)
POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
15
10
5
0
1 IN. HEAT SINK
1/2 IN. HEAT SINK
1/4 IN. HEAT SINK
NO HEAT SINK
20
0LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C)
POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
15
10
5
0
1 IN. HEAT SINK
1/2 IN. HEAT SINK
1/4 IN. HEAT SINK
NO HEAT SINK
20
0LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C)
POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
15
10
5
0
NO HEAT SINK
1/4 IN. HEAT SINK
1/2 IN. HEAT SINK
1 IN. HEAT SINK
20
0LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C)
POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
15
10
5
0NO HEAT SINK
1/4 IN. HEAT SINK
1/2 IN. HEAT SINK
1 IN. HEAT SINK
1616 Lineage Power
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Thermal Considerations (continued)
Heat Transfer with Heat Sinks (continued)
Example
If an 85 °C case temperature is desired, what is the
minimum airflow necessa ry? Assume the
QHW100F1-Q module is operating a t VI = 48 V and an
output current of 20 A, maximum ambient air tempera-
ture of 40 °C, and the heat sin k is 1/2 inch. The module
is oriented in the transverse direction.
Solution
Given: VI = 48 V
IO = 20 A
TA = 40 °C
TC = 85 °C
Heat sink = 1/2 inch
Determine PD by using Figure 29:
PD = 11.5 W
Then solve the following equation:
Use Figure 30 to determine air velocity for the 1/2 inch
heat sink.
The minimum airflow necessary for this module is
0.75 m/s (150 ft./min.).
Custom Heat Sinks
A more detailed model can be used to determine the
required thermal resistance of a heat sink to provide
necessary cooling. The to tal module resi stance can be
separated into a resist ance from case-to-sink (θcs) and
sink-to-amb i en t (θsa) as shown in Figure 36.
8-1304(F).e
Figure 36. Resistance from Case-to- Sink and
Sink-to-Ambient
For a managed interface using thermal grease or foils,
a value of θcs = 0.1 °C/W to 0.3 °C/W is typical. The
solution for heat sink resistance is:
This equation assumes that all dissipated power must
be shed by the heat sink. Depending on the user-
defined application environment, a more accurate
model, including heat transfer from the sides and bot-
tom of the module, can be used. This equation pro-
vides a conservative estimate for such instances.
EMC Considerations
For assistance with designing for EMC compliance,
please refer to the FLTR100V10 Filter Module Data
Sheet (DS99-294EPS).
Layout Considerations
Copper paths must not be route d beneath the power
module mounting inserts. For additional layout guide-
lines, refer to the FLTR100V10 Filter Module Data
Sheet (DS99-294EPS).
θca TCTA–()
PD
------------------------
=
θca 85 40–()
11.5
------------------------
=
θca 3.91 °C/W=
PDTCTSTA
θcs θsa
θsa TCTA–()
PD
-------------------------θcs–=
Lineage Power 17
Data Sheet
April 2008 dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Outline Diagram
Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches).
Tolerances: x.x mm ± 0.5 mm (x.xx in. ± 0.02 in.)
x.xx mm ± 0.25 mm (x.xxx in. ± 0.010 in.)
Top View
Side View
Bottom View
8-1769(F).b
* Side label includes Lineage name, product designation, safety agency markings, input/output voltage and current ratings, and bar code.
57.9
(2.28)
36.8
(1.45)
1.02 (0.040) DIA
SOLDER-PLATED
BRASS, 6 PLACES
1.57 (0.062) DIA
SOLDER-PLATED
BRASS, 2 PLACES
12.7
(0.50)
4.1 (0.16) MIN, 2 PLACES
0.51
(0.020)
4.1 (0.16) MIN,
6 PLACES 3.5 (0.14) MIN
SIDE LABEL*
3.6 (0.14)
10.9
(0.43)
5.3
(0.21)
26.16
(1.030)
15.24
(0.600)
5.3
(0.21)
MOUNTING INSERTS
M3 x 0.5 THROUGH,
4 PLACES
– SENSE
TRIM
+ SENSE
ON/OFF
3.81
(0.150)
7.62
(0.300)
11.43
(0.450)
15.24
(0.600)
50.80
(2.000)
7.62
(0.300) 47.2
(1.86)
VO(+)
VO(–)
VI(–)
VI(+)
11.2
(0.44) 12.7
(0.50)
RIVETED CASE PIN (OPTIONAL)
1.09 x 0.76 (0.043 x 0.030)
18 Lineage Power
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Recommended Hole Pattern
Component-side footprint.
Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches).
8-1769(F).b
Ordering Information
Please contact your Lineage Power Account Manager or Field Application Engineer for pricing and availability.
Table 4. Device Codes
Optional features can be ordered using the suffixes shown in Table 5. To order more than one option, list device
codes suffixes in numerically de scending order. For example, the device code for a QHW100F1- Q module with the
following option is shown below:
Auto-restart after overtemperature, overvoltage, or overcurrent shutdown QHW100F41-Q
Table 5. Device Options
Input
Voltage Output
Voltage Output
Power Output
Current Remote On/Off
Logic Device
Code Comcode
48 Vdc 3.3 Vdc 33 W 10 A Negative QHW050F1-Q 108741596
48 Vdc 3.3 Vdc 49.5 W 15 A Negative QHW075F1-Q 108741612
48 Vdc 3.3 Vdc 66 W 20 A Negative QHW100F1-Q 1087 41570
Option Device Code
Suffix
Short pins: 2.79 mm ± 0.25 mm
(0.110 in. +0.020 in./–0.010 in.) 8
Case ground pin 7
Short pins: 3.68 mm ± 0.25 mm
(0.145 in. ± 0.010 in.) 6
Auto-restart after overtemperature, over-
voltage, or overcurrent shutdown 4
3.6
(0.14)
10.9
(0.43)
26.16
(1.030)15.24
(0.600)
7.62
(0.300)
5.3
(0.21)
MOUNTING INSERTS
M3 x 0.5 THROUGH,
4 PLACES
– SENSE
TRIM
+ SENSE
ON/OFF
5.3
(0.21)
47.2
(1.86)
15.24
(0.600)7.62
(0.300)
11.43
(0.450)
3.81
(0.150)
VO(+)
VO(–)
VI(–)
VI(+)
CASE PIN (OPTIONAL)
11.2
(0.44) 12.7
(0.50)
50.80
(2.000)
Data Sheet
April 2008
Lineage Power 19
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
Ordering Information (continued)
Table 6. Device Accessories
Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches).
Accessory Comcode
1/4 in. transverse kit (heat sink, thermal pad, and screws) 848060992
1/4 in. longitudinal kit (heat sink, thermal pad, and screws) 848061008
1/2 in. transverse kit (heat sink, thermal pad, and screws) 848061016
1/2 in. longitudinal kit (heat sink, thermal pad, and screws) 848061024
1 in. transverse kit (heat sink, thermal pad, and screws) 848061032
1 in. longitudinal kit (heat sink, thermal pad, and screws) 848061040
8-2473(F)
Figure 37. Longitudinal Hea t Sink
8-2472(F)
Figure 38. Transverse Heat Sink
26.16 ± 0.13
(1.030 ± 0.005)
57.91 ± 0.38
(2.280 ± 0.015)
1/4 IN.
1/2 IN.
1 IN.
36.83 ± 0.38
(1.450 ± 0.015)
47.24 ± 0.13
(1.850 ± 0.005)
1/4 IN.
1/2 IN.
1 IN.
Data Sheet
April 2008
dc-dc Converters: 36 to 75 Vdc Input, 3.3 Vdc Output; 33 W to 66 W
QHW050F1-Q, QHW075F1-Q, and QHW100F1-Q Power Modules;
April 2008
FDS01-087EPS (Replaces FDS01-086EPS)
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