MXH1100
－ 1 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
Humidity and Temperature Sensor IC
1. FEATURES
Relative Humidity and Temperature Sensor with fully calibrated and
temperature compensated.
Various selectable outputs.
- I2C interface & digital output
- PWM output (Humidity / Temperature Selectable)
- PDM output (Humidity / Temperature Selectable)
- Analog output (Humidity)
Excellent Long term stability.
Summary
MXH1100 is a humidity and temperature sensor of Magnachip semiconductor (MX) with
various output formats. It provides calibrated, linearized signals in digital format, I2C, Pulse
Width Modulated (PWM) format, Pulse Density Modulated (PDM) format, and in analog format.
Its sensors are individually calibrated and tested. The resolution of MXH1100 can be changed
by command (8/12bit up to 12/14bit for RH/T). Every sensor is individually calibrated and tested.
Lot identification is printed on the sensor.
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR HUMIDITY
SENSOR
ADC
LDO
OUTPUT DRIVER
I2C I/FCONTROL LOGIC
OSC
NVM
DSP
VCC
HTOUT
SDA
SCL
SEL[1]
VSS
C1
DAC
SEL[0]
[Figure 1] block diagram
D10D30G0026
600/720/768/800/ Channel TFT-LCD Gate Driver for
COG Applications
MXH1100
－ 2 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
3. PIN CONFIGURATION
6
7
83
2
1
C1
VSS
SDA
SCL
SEL[0]HTOUT
5
4
VCC
NC
9
10
SEL[1]
VSS
[Figure 2] Pin Assignment ( Through View ) : DFN-10 3.6x2.8
3.1. PIN DESCRIPTION
Name
Pin#
Type
Description
C1
1
I/O
Capacitor connection Pin for Regulated Voltage.
Recommended capacitance is 1uF/6.3V.
VSS
2
G
Ground
HTOUT
3
O
Humidity Voltage Output
VCC
4
P
VCC Power Supply
NC
5
NC
No connection
SDA
6
I/O
I2C mode : serial data signal
PWM/PDM mode : PWM/PDM Output
Analog mode : VCC or VSS level connection
SCL
7
I/O
I2C mode : serial data signal
PWM/PDM mode : Humidity/Temperature Selection
Analog mode : VCC level connection
SEL[0]
8
I
Mode Selection
SEL[1]
9
I
Mode Selection
VSS
10
G
Ground
EP
Exposed Pad. EP is electrically connected to GND.
[Table 1] Pin description table
MXH1100
－ 3 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
3.2. Package Description
[Figure 3] MXH1100 Sensor package
[Table 2] Package dimension table
MXH1100
－ 4 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
4. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
4.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings
The absolute maximum ratings as given in Table 3 are stress ratings only and give additional
information. Functional operation of the device at these conditions is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect the device reliability (e.g. hot
carrier degradation, oxide breakdown).
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
MIN
MAX
UNIT
VCC
Power Supply
-0.3
6
V
VLOGIC
Digital I/O Pins (SDA, SCL, SEL[1:0] )
-0.3
VCC + 0.3
V
VANALOG
Analog output pins (HTOUT)
-0.3
VCC + 0.3
V
IIN
Input Current on any Pin
-100
100
mA
TSTG
Storage temperature
-55
150
°C
TOP
Operation temperature
-40
125
°C
[Table 3] Absolute maximum ratings
4.2. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION
The electrical characteristics such as power consumption, low and high level input and output
voltages depend on the supply voltage. For proper communication with the sensor it is essential to
make sure that signal design is strictly within the limits given in Table 4 & 5 and Figure 4.
Parameter
Condition
min
typ
max
units
Supply voltage
VCC
4.5
5.0
5.25
V
Current dissipation
Sleep
65
uA
Measuring, SEL[1:0]=11
270
uA
Average 8bit, SEL[1:0]=11
68
uA
HTOUT enable, SEL[1:0]=00
300
uA
PWM Freq.
SEL[1:0]=01
120
Hz
Measure Freq.
SEL[1:0]=00,01
2
Hz
Driving Load
HTOUT, Capacitive Load
-
-
10
uF
HTOUT, Resistive Load
1K
-
-
Ω
Communication
Digital 2-wire interface, I2C, SEL[1:0]
[Table 4] DC characteristics of digital input/output pads. VCC = 5V, T = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
MXH1100
－ 5 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
Parameter
Condition
min
typ
max
units
Output low voltage, VOL
0
-
0.4
V
Output High Voltage, VOH
VCC X 0.7
-
VCC
V
Input Low Voltage, VIL
0
-
VCC X 0.3
V
Input High Voltage, VIH
VCC X 0.7
-
VCC
V
SCL frequency, fSCL
0
-
0.4
MHz
SCL High Time, tSCLH
0.6
-
-
μs
SCL Low Time, tSCLL
1.3
-
-
μs
SDA Set-Up Time, tSU
100
-
-
ns
SDA Hold Time, tHD
0
-
900
ns
SDA Valid Time, tVD
0
-
400
ns
SCL/SDA Fall Time, tF
0
-
100
ns
SCL/SDA Rise Time, tR
0
-
300
ns
Capacitive Load on Bus Line
0
-
400
pF
[Table 5] Timing specifications of digital input/output pads for I2C fast mode. Entities are displayed in Figure 4.
VCC = 5V, T = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
SCL
SDA
SDA
DATA IN
DATA OUT
70%
30%
70% 70% 70%
30% 30%30%
30%
70%
tSU tHD
tSCLH tSCLL
1/fSCL tRtF
tVD
30%
70%
tF
tR
SDA valid write
SDA valid read
[Figure 4] Timing Diagram for Digital Input / Output Pads, abbreviations are explained in Table 5. SDA
directions are seen from the sensor. Bold SDA line is controlled by the sensor, plain SDA line is controlled
by the micro-controller. Note that SDA valid read time is triggered by falling edge of anterior toggle.
MXH1100
－ 6 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
5. SENSOR PERFORMANCE
MXH1100 is a relative humidity sensor and temperature sensor with band gap circuit, it contains
oscillator, A/D convertor, regulator, D/A convertor, NVM, digital processing unit and calibration circuit.
5.1. Relative Humidity Sensor
Parameter
Condition
min
typ
max
units
Resolution1
12 bit
0.04
%RH
8 bit
0.7
%RH
Accuracy tolerance2
typ
±2.0
%RH
Repeatability
12 bit
±0.1
%RH
Hysteresis
±1
%RH
Response time3
10
sec
Operating Range
extended4
0
100
%RH
Long Term Drift5
0.5
%RH/yr
1. Default resolution is 14bit (temperature) / 12bit (humidity). It can be reduced to 12/8bit, 11/11bit or 13/10bit by command.
2. Accuracies are tested at Outgoing Quality Control at 25°C and 5.0V. Values exclude hysteresis and long term drift and are
applicable to non-condensing environments only.
3. Time for achieving 63% of a step function, valid at 25°C and 1m/s airflow.
4. Normal operating range: 0-80%RH, beyond this limit sensor may read a reversible offset with slow kinetics (+3%RH after
60h at humidity >80%RH).
5. Value may be higher in environments with vaporized solvents, out-gassing tapes, adhesives, packaging materials, etc. For
more details please refer to Handling Instructions.
∆ RH(%RH)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
±10
±8
±6
±4
±2
±0
Relative Humidity (%RH)
Maximal tolerance
Typical tolerance
[Figure 5] Typical and maximal tolerance at 25°C for relative humidity.
MXH1100 is a relative humidity sensor and temperature sensor with band gap circuit, it contains
oscillator, A/D convertor, regulator, D/A convertor, NVM, digital processing unit and calibration circuit.
MXH1100
－ 7 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
5.2. Temperature Sensor
Parameter
Condition
min
typ
max
units
Resolution1
14 bit
0.01
°C
12 bit
0.04
°C
Accuracy tolerance
14 bit
±0.3
°C
Repeatability
12 bit
±0.1
°C
Response time2
30(TBD)
sec
Operating Range
extended3
-40
125
°C
Long Term Drift
0.05
°C/yr
1. Default resolution is 14bit (temperature) / 12bit (humidity). It can be reduced to 12/8bit, 11/11bit or 13/10bit by command.
2. Response time depends on heat conductivity of sensor substrate.
3. Normal operating range : -30 ~ +85°C, exposure to beyond this normal operating range for extended periods may affect the
device reliability.
∆ T(℃ )
±2.0
±1.5
±1.0
±0.5
±0.0
Temperature (℃ )
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Maximal tolerance
Typical tolerance
[Figure 6] Typical and maximal tolerance.
MXH1100
－ 8 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
5.3. Operating Range
The standard working range with regard to the humidity / temperature limits is shown by the dark
gray area in Figure 7. The relative humidity signal may offset temporarily as a result of continuous
exposure to conditions outside the dark gray region, especially at humidity > 80% RH. If the sensor
is brought back to the standard working range, the initial values will recover. Applications with high
humidity at high temperatures will result in slower recovery. Reconditioning procedures (see 9.4)
can accelerate this process. Although the sensors would not fail beyond working range limits, the
specification is guaranteed within the normal working range only.
[Figure 7] Operating range – dark gray: standard working range, gray: normal working range, light gray: beyond
normal working range, and white: not possible due to the technical definition of relative humidity above ice.
MXH1100
－ 9 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
6. INTERFACE
6.1. Power Pins ( VCC, VSS )
The recommended supply voltage of MXH1100 is 5.0V. Supply Voltage (VCC) and Ground (VSS)
must be decoupled with a 100nF capacitor, which placed as close as possible to the sensor.
6.2. Serial clock, SCL
SCL is used to synchronize the communication between microcontroller (MCU) and the sensor.
Since the interface consists of fully static logic there is no minimum SCL frequency.
6.3. Serial data & Bit stream, SDA
The SDA port is used as two purposes according to the SEL[1:0] pin setting. The first is as I2C
interface data port and the second is usage as PWM/PDM output port.
On SDA the sensor is providing PWM/PDM output. The signal is carrying humidity or temperature
data depending on SEL[1:0] setting.
When MXH1100 is used at I2C interface mode, the SDA pin is used to transfer data in and out of
the sensor. For sending a command to the sensor, SDA is valid on the rising edge of SCL and
must remain stable while SCL is high. After the falling edge of SCL the SDA value may be changed.
For safe communication SDA shall be valid tSU and tHD before the rising and after the falling edge
of SCL, respectively – see Figure 4. For reading data from the sensor, SDA is valid tVD after SCL
has gone low and remains valid until the next falling edge of SCL.
To avoid signal contention the micro-controller unit (MCU) must only drive SDA and SCL low.
External pull-up resistors (e.g. 10kΩ), are required to pull the signal high. For the choice of resistor
size please take bus capacity requirements into account (compare Table 5). It should be noted
that pull-up resistors may be included in I/O circuits of MCUs. See Table 4 and Table 5 for detailed
I/O characteristic of the sensor.
SEL[1:0]
LOGIC
ANALOG
SCL
SDA
HTOUT
00
1
0 or 1
RH
01
0
PWM -T
NA
01
1
PWM - RH
NA
10
0
PDM - T
NA
10
1
PDM - RH
NA
11
Controlled by I2C
NA
[Table 6] SEL[1:0] pin setting condition table.
The SDA and SCL pins are set as ‘L’ or ‘H’ when the analog output ports are used.
The SCL pin has to be fixed as ‘L’ or ‘H’ under PWM/PDM mode and leave the analog output ports,
HTOUT as floating.
MXH1100
－ 10 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
6.4. Startup sensor
As a first step, the sensor is powered up to the chosen supply voltage VCC (typical 5.0V). After
power-up, the sensor needs at most 10ms, while SCL is high, for reaching idle state, i.e. to be
ready accepting commands from the master (MCU) or the sensor starts measuring and providing
data on PWM bit-stream. If MXH1100 is under ANALOG mode, analog voltage output will provide
the data on analog mode.
Whenever the sensor is powered up, but not performing a measurement or communicating, it is
automatically in idle state (sleep mode).
7. COMMUNICATION BY I2C PROTOCOL WITH SENSOR
7.1. Start / Stop Sequence on I2C
I2C communication can be initiated by sending a START condition from the master, a high-to-low
transition on the SDA line while the SCL is high. A Stop condition, a low-to-high transition on the
SDA line while the SCL input is high, is sent by the master (see Figure ).
[Figure 9] Definition of I2C Start and Stop Conditions.
7.2. Sending a Command
After sending the Start condition, the subsequent I2C header consists of the 7-bit I2C device
address ‘1000000’ and an SDA direction bit (Read R: ‘1’, Write W: ‘0’). The sensor indicates the
proper reception of a byte by pulling the SDA pin low (ACK bit) after the falling edge of the 8th SCL
clock.
After the issue of a measurement command (‘11100011’ for temperature, ‘11100101’ for relative
humidity), the MCU must wait for the measurement to complete. The basic commands are
summarized in Table 7.
SDA
SCL
Start condition
Stop condition
MXH1100
－ 11 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
Command
Comment
Code
Trigger T measurement
hold master
11100011
Trigger RH measurement
hold master
11100101
Trigger T measurement
no hold master
11110011
Trigger RH measurement
no hold master
11110101
Write user register
11100110
Read user register
11100111
Soft reset
11111110
[Table 7] Basic command set, RH stands for relative humidity, and T stands for temperature.
7.3. Hold / No Hold Master Mode
There are two different operation modes to communicate with the sensor: Hold Master mode or No
Hold Master mode.
In the first case the SCL line is blocked (controlled by sensor) during measurement process while in
the latter case the SCL line remains open for other communication while the sensor is processing
the measurement.
No hold master mode allows for processing other I2C communication tasks on a bus while the
sensor is measuring. A communication sequence of the two modes is displayed in Figure 10 and
Figure 11, respectively.
In the hold master mode, the MXH1100 pulls down the SCL line while measuring to force the
master into a wait state. By releasing the SCL line the sensor indicates that internal processing is
terminated and that transmission may be continued.
[Figure 10] Hold master communication sequence – grey blocks are controlled by MXH1100. Bit 45 may be
changed to NACK followed by Stop condition (P) to omit checksum transmission.
MXH1100
－ 12 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
In no hold master mode, the MCU has to poll for the termination of the internal processing of the
sensor. This is done by sending a Start condition followed by the I2C header (10000001) as shown
in Figure 11.
If the internal processing is finished, the sensor acknowledges the poll of the MCU and data can be
read by the MCU. If the measurement processing is not finished the sensor answers no ACK bit
and the Start condition must be issued once more.
For both modes, since the maximum resolution of a measurement is 14 bit, the two last least
significant bits (LSBs, bits 43 and 44) are used for transmitting status information. Bit 1 of the two
LSBs indicates the measurement type (‘0’:temperature, ‘1’:humidity). Bit 0 is currently not assigned.
1
S 1 0 0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 0 0 0 0
ACK
I2C address + write
10
1 1 1
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 0 1 0 1
ACK
Command (see table 7)
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
P
measuring
measurement
28
0 1 1
29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
0 0 0 1 1
Data (MSB)
37
0 1 0
38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
1 0 0 1 0
ACK
Data (LSB)
46
0 1 1
47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
0 0 1 0 0
NACK
checksum
S 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
NACK
continue measuring
measurement S 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
ACK
I2C address + read
Stat.
I2C address + read
ACK
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
[Figure 11] No Hold master communication sequence – grey blocks are controlled by MXH1100. If
measurement is not completed upon “read” command, sensor does not provide ACK on bit 27 (more of
these iterations are possible). If bit 45 is changed to NACK followed by Stop condition (P) checksum
transmission is omitted.
In the examples given in Figure 10 and Figure 11 the sensor output is DRH = ‘0110’0011’0101’0000’.
For the calculation of physical values Status Bits must be set to ‘0’ – see Chapter 6.
The maximum duration for measurements depends on the type of measurement and resolution
chosen – values are displayed in Table 8. Maximum values shall be chosen for the communication
planning of the MCU.
Resolution
RH (typ)
T (typ)
units
14 bit
34
ms
13 bit
17
ms
12 Bit
38
17
ms
11 bit
22
9
ms
10 bit
22
ms
8 bit
9
ms
[Table 8] Measurement times for RH and T measurements at different resolutions
MXH1100
－ 13 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
Please note : I2C communication allows for repeated Start conditions (S) without closing prior
sequence with Stop condition (P) – compare Figures 10, 11 and 13. Still, any sequence with
adjacent Start condition may alternatively be closed with a Stop condition.
7.4. Soft Reset
This command (see Table 7) is used for rebooting the sensor system without switching the power
off and on again. Upon reception of this command, the sensor system reinitializes and starts
operation according to the default settings – with the exception of the heater bit in the user register
(see Sect. 7.5). The soft reset takes less than 15ms.
[Figure 12] Soft Reset – grey blocks are controlled by MXH1100.
7.5. User Register
The content of User Register is described in Table 9. Please note that reserved bits must not be
changed and default values of respective reserved bits may change over time without prior notice.
Therefore, for any writing to the User Register, default values of reserved bits must be read first.
Thereafter, the full User Register string is composed of respective default values of reserved bits
and the remainder of accessible bits optionally with default or non-default values.
OTP Reload is a safety feature and loads the entire OTP settings to the register before every
measurement. This feature is disabled per default and is not recommended for use. Please use Soft
Reset instead – it contains OTP Reload.
bit
#bits
Description / coding
default
7,0
2
Measurement resolution
00
RH
Temp
00
12 bit
14 bit
01
8 bit
12 bit
10
10 bit
13 bit
11
11 bit
11 bit
6,5,4,3
4
Reserved
0111
2
1
Reserved
0
1
1
Disable OTP reload
1
[Table 9] User Register. Reserved bits must not be changed. “OTP reload” = ‘0’ loads default settings after
each time a measurement command is issued.
MXH1100
－ 14 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
An example for I2C communication reading and writing the User Register is given in Figure 13.
[Figure 13] Read and write register sequence – grey blocks are controlled by MXH1100. In this example, the
resolution is set to 8bit / 12bit.
7.6. CRC Checksum
The MXH1100 provides a CRC-8 checksum for error detection.
The polynomial used is x8 + x5 + x4 +1.
MXH1100
－ 15 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
7.7. Conversion of Signal Output
Default resolution is set to 12 bit relative humidity and 14 bit temperature reading.
Measured data are transferred in two byte packages, i.e. in frames of 8 bit length where the most
significant bit (MSB) is transferred first (left aligned).
Each byte is followed by an acknowledge bit. The two status bits, the last bits of LSB, must be set
to ‘0’ before calculating physical values. In the example of Figure 10 and Figure 11, the transferred
16 bit relative humidity data is ‘0110001101010000’ = 25424.
7.7.1. Relative Humidity Conversion
With the relative humidity data output DRH the relative humidity RH is obtained by the following
formula (result in %RH), no matter which resolution is chosen:
In the example given in Figure 10 and Figure 11 the relative humidity results to be 42.5%RH.
The physical value RH given above corresponds to the relative humidity above liquid water
according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO). For relative humidity above ice RHi the
values need to be transformed from relative humidity above water RHw at temperature t.
The equation is given in the following, compare also Application Note “Introduction to Humidity”:
Units are %RH for relative humidity and °C for temperature. The corresponding coefficients are
defined as follows: βw = 17.62, λw = 243.12°C, βi = 22.46, λi =272.62°C.
7.7.2. Temperature Conversion
The temperature T is calculated by inserting temperature data output DT into the following formula
(result in °C), no matter which resolution is chosen:
MXH1100
－ 16 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
8. STAND-ALONE RELATIVE HUMIDITY OUTPUT
8.1. Analog Output
MXH1100 support direct analog output of relative humidity. By setting SEL[1:0] as ‘00’, Analog
output is selected. SCL level setting ‘1’ for humidity output mode is possible. The sensor measures
twice per second. Output resolution of RH is set to 10bit.
8.1.1. Conversion of Signal Output
The sensor reading is linear and hence it can be converted to a physical value by an easy linear
equation.
With the relative humidity signal output the relative humidity RH is obtained by the following formula
(result in %RH):
The physical value RH given above corresponds to the relative humidity above liquid water
according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
MXH1100
－ 17 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
8.2. PWM output
PWM signal runs on a base frequency of 120Hz, the data signal is provided on SDA line. By setting
SEL[1:0] as ‘01’, the PWM output mode is selected. SCL level setting ‘1’ for humidity and ‘0’ for
temperature output mode is possible. The sensor measures twice per second. Output resolution of
RH and Temperature are set to 10bit and 12 bit each.
8.2.1. PWM Specification
Pulse Width Modulation runs on a constant frequency and the measured information is provided as
duty cycle on that frequency – see Figure 14.
SDA
VDD
0V
tFtPW
[Figure 14] PWM signal. Base frequency runs constantly at approximately 120 Hz. hence tF is about 8.3ms.
The signal is provided on tPW as a ratio of tF.
The measured data – either humidity or temperature – is provided as ratio of tPW and tF. tPW shall
always be given as ratio of tF to make it independent of variations of the base frequency.
8.2.2. Conversion of Signal Output
The sensor reading is linear and hence it can be converted to a physical value by an easy linear
equation.
With the relative humidity signal output the relative humidity RH is obtained by the following formula
(result in %RH):
The physical value RH given above corresponds to the relative humidity above liquid water
according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
The temperature T is calculated by inserting the ratio of tPW and tF into the following formula (result
in °C):
MXH1100
－ 18 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
8.3. PDM output
PDM signal is a pulse sequence that with a low pass filter may be converted into analog voltage
output. The data signal is provided on SDA line. By setting SEL[1:0] as ‘10’, the PDM output mode
is selected. Humidity and temperature output mode is selected by SCL level. The sensor measures
twice per second. Output resolution of RH and Temperature are set to 10bit and 12 bit each.
8.3.1. PDM output
Pulse Density Modulation is a bit-stream of pulses; the more high pulses the higher the value in the
full measurement range – see Figure 15.
X~ 10%
SDA
VDD
0V
X~ 50%
SDA
VDD
0V
X~ 90%
SDA
VDD
0V
[Figure 15] Schematic principle of PDM signal. X represents either RH or T at different levels of sensor output.
8.3.2. Converting PDM to Analog Signal
A PDM signal normally is converted to an analog voltage signal by the addition of a low-pass filter.
Figure 16 displays a typical circuit where a simple RC-filter is used.
SDA
VSS
VSO
RLF
CLF
[Figure 16] Typical circuit with low pass filter for analog output.
For an acceptable small ripple of the analog voltage signal, a cut-off frequency of 3.4Hz is
recommended. Typical values for the low pass filter components are R = 100kΩ and C = 470nF for
humidity mode. The corresponding ripple of the signal is limited to maximal amplitude of ±1mV for
humidity mode. If larger deviations are acceptable the capacitor size can be reduced.
After the low pass filter the sensor provides an output Voltage VSO which as a portion of VDD then
is converted into a physical value. The sensor reading is linearized and hence it can be converted
to a physical value by an easy linear equation.
MXH1100
－ 19 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
With the relative humidity signal output the relative humidity RH is obtained by the following formula
(result in %RH):
The temperature T is calculated by inserting temperature signal output ST into the following formula
(result in °C):
9. APPLICATIONS
9.1. Storage instruction
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) is 1, according to IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020. At the same time, it is
recommended to further process the sensors within 1 year after date of delivery.
It is of great importance to understand that a humidity sensor is not a normal electronic component
and needs to be handled with care. Chemical vapors at high concentration in combination with
long exposure times may offset the sensor reading.
For this reason it is recommended to store the sensors in original packaging including the sealed
ESD bag at following conditions: Temperature shall be in the range of 10°C – 50°C and humidity at
20 – 60%RH (sensors that are not stored in ESD bags).
9.2. Soldering instructions
For soldering, a lead-free, air-, and nitrogen-reflow-solderable no-clean type 3 solder paste, which
meets the requirements of the RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC Art. 4, as well as the standards by J-
STD-004, is recommended. Figure 17 shows the typical soldering profile for the soldering paste.
The standard reflow soldering ovens may be used which profile given in JEDEC J-STD-020D for Pb
-free soldering with a peak temperature of 260°C and a time in the critical zone above (Tpeak - 5°C)
of up to 30 seconds.
[Figure 17] Typical Lead-free Reflow profile.
MXH1100
－ 20 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
9.3. Post reflow treatment
We strongly recommend high humidity storage of the boards including the sensor packages after
reflow soldering. 8 hours at 70±5°C,75±5%RH or 24 hours at 80±10%RH (room temperature) is
advisable. Calibration or testing should be done after a short further rest (>1 hour) at room
conditions.
9.4. Handling information
The critical area for the sensor package is within the open window which contains the active area. It
has to be ensured that this area does not come into contact with a handling tool or any other sharp
surfaces; any contamination also has to be avoided. During the whole transportation process it
should be avoided to expose the sensor to high concentrations of chemical solvents for longer time
periods. Otherwise the “Reconditioning procedure (9.5)” must be followed.
9.5. Reconditioning Procedure
After exposure to extreme conditions or chemical solvents or storage time of several months, the
sensor characteristic curve may offset. Exposure to higher temperature will reset the contamination
offset (reflow soldering process or e.g. 110°C, 5-7h). When the parts come back to room
temperature a humidity exposure to 70±5°C,75±5% RH for 8 hours completes the reconditioning
process.
9.6. Temperature Effects
Relative humidity is strongly depends on temperature. Therefore, it is essential to keep humidity
sensors at the same temperature as the air of which the relative humidity is to be measured. In
case of testing or qualification the reference sensor and test sensor must show equal temperature
to allow for comparing humidity readings.
If the sensor shares a PCB with electronic components that produce heat it should be mounted in a
way that prevents heat transfer or keeps it as low as possible.
Furthermore, there are self-heating effects in case the measurement frequency is too high. To
keep self-heating below 0.1°C, MXH1100 should not be active for more than 10% of the time – e.g.
maximum two measurements per second at 12bit accuracy shall be made.
9.7. Light
The MXH1100 is not light sensitive but direct exposure to sunshine or strong UV radiation may age
MXH1100
－ 21 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
the sensor.
9.8. Forbidden packaging materials
Significant concentrations of chemical vapors and long exposure times can influence the
characteristic of the sensor. Outgassing of certain packaging materials in a constant volume such
as foams (e.g.: Type MOS 2200) glues, adhesive tapes and foils are strictly forbidden and may
change the characteristic of the sensor.
9.9. Wiring and signal integrity
When this MXH1100 is used under I2C mode, carrying the SCL and SDA signal parallel and in close
proximity (e.g. in wires) for more than 10cm may result in cross talk and loss of communication.
Furthermore, slowing down SCL frequency will possibly improve signal integrity.
Under analog output modes, the output pin has to be protected from external noise source to get
stable output. Power supply pins (VCC,VSS) must be decoupled with a 100nF capacitor.
MXH1100
－ 22 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
10. Document Revision History
date
R-page
Revised contents
Total page
Rev. No.
2013-12-06
-
Initial release()
22
0.0
2014-04-18
3
Package Drawing added
23
0.1
11
Fixed to Typo : Figure 14,15 10,11
Fxied to Typo : Figure 16 11
12
Fxied to Typo : Figure 12, 13 10,11
13
Fxied to Typo : Figure 14,15,18 10,11,13
Fixed to Typo : Table 8 Table 9
Fixed to Typo : reserved bit default 0
0111
Deleted to contents of heater
14
Fxied to Typo : Figure 18 13
15
Fxied to Typo : Figure 15,16 10,11
17
Fxied to Typo : Figure 19 14
18
Fxied to Typo : Figure 21 16
2014-06-19
4
Update Table 3,4
23
0.2
5
Update Table 5
6
Update Figure 5
7
Update Figure 6
2014-07-08
1
IC photograph added
21
0.3
2,9,10
PDM Mode removed
2014-07-29
2
Pin Configuration update.
21
0.31
2015-01-20
4
Table 4 updated.
21
0.32
2015-03-18
4
Table 4 updated.
22
0.4
18
PDM output added
2015-05-27
3
Package dimension updated.
23
0.41
19
Soldering instruction added.
20
Post reflow treatment updated.
2015-08-06
2
Table 1 updated.
23
0.42
9
Table 6 updated.
MXH1100
－ 23 －
MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd
Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42
www.magnachip.com
issued date : Aug. 06, 2015
NOTICE
The followings should be noted when this LSI specification is used.
1. The information in this document is subject to change without notice for the purpose of product
improvement and technical progress. So please make sure that the information in your specification
is the latest. (However, after the Delivery Specification is provided officially, any changes to the
specification will be made after discussion and agreement by both sides.)
2. The descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided for
illustrative purpose in semiconductor product operation and application examples. When you use this
product, please design circuits and mount with consideration for external conditions.
3. The incorporation of these circuits, software and information in the design of customer’s equipment
shall be done under the full responsibility of customer. MAGNACHIP assumes no responsibility for
any losses incurred by customers or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software and
information.
4. MAGNACHIP does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual
property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of MAGNACHIP semiconductor products
listed in this document or any other liability arising from the use of such products. No license
expressed, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual
property rights of MAGNACHIP and/or others.
5. Even though this product has an ESD protection circuit at every pin, please take any necessary
countermeasures against any destruction from ESD with use of earth bands, conductive floors and
etc.
6. If semiconductor is exposed to strong light, temporal error operation may happen. According to the
environment, shield the semiconductor to avoid any error operation.
7. While MAGNACHIP endeavors to enhance the quality, reliability and safety of MAGNACHIP
semiconductor products, our customers agree and acknowledge that the possibility of defects thereof
cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage to property and/or injuries (including
death) to persons arising from defects in MAGNACHIP semiconductor products, customers shall
incorporate sufficient safety measures in their design, such as redundancy, fire-contaminate, and
anti-features.
8. The product listed in this document is intended for usage in general electronics applications
(Computers, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial robotics,
domestic appliances, etc.) This application is neither intended nor warranted for usage in equipment
that requires extraordinarily high quality and /or reliability or malfunction or failure of which may cause
loss of human life or bodily injury (“Unintended Usage”). Unintended Usage includes atomic energy
control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal
instruments, combustion control instruments, medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc.
Unintended Usage of MAGNACHIP products listed in this document shall be made at the customer’s
risk.
9. The some of the products listed in this document may be subject “the Foreign Exchange and Foreign
Trade Control Law.” So if you would like to export the product or a part of the product overseas,
under this law, you will be required to obtain export permits from the Japanese government. Please
apply for the permits with your own responsibility.
10. No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any forms or by any means without prior
written consent of MAGNACHIP. MAGNACHIP assumes no responsibility for any errors that may
appear in this document.
